CN209280520U - A kind of tailing row infiltration system silting imitative experimental appliance - Google Patents

Abstract

A tailings seepage drainage system silting simulation experiment device, including a water tank, a pressure pump, a No. 1 flow meter, and a box-type seepage drainage system; the system includes a shell, and three sides of the shell are respectively equipped with a liquid inlet valve, The liquid outlet valve, the liquid discharge valve, the liquid inlet valve are connected to the No. 1 flowmeter, the liquid discharge valve is set opposite to the liquid inlet valve, and the liquid outlet valve is connected to the No. 2 flowmeter; the shell is divided into a solution input buffer zone, a sand filling area, Solution output buffer zone and liquid level adjustment area, the first three areas are separated by perforated partitions, the latter two areas are separated by impervious partitions, and liquid level adjustment pipes are installed at the bottom of the impermeable partitions; in the sand filling area Drainage pipes with holes are arranged vertically or horizontally and are wrapped with geotextiles. When the seepage pipes are set horizontally, each seepage pipe is connected to the liquid outlet valve respectively. The utility model can carry out physical silting and chemical silting experiments of larger-scale samples; more drainage pipes can be arranged and water levels can be precisely adjusted to meet test requirements at different time points.

Description

A silting simulation experiment device for tailings seepage drainage system

technical field

The utility model belongs to the field of tailings seepage drainage system, in particular to a silting simulation experiment device for tailings drainage seepage system.

Background technique

During the construction and operation of mine tailings ponds and road slopes, after long-term use of the drainage system, due to factors such as mechanical filling of pores, chemical deposition and cementation, biological growth and decline, various deposits are produced on the surface of geotechnical materials. The pore structure of the material is filled to cause clogging, which hinders the flow of water from the drainage system and affects the drainage effect of the system. In order to better study the clogging mechanism and influencing factors of the seepage drainage system, an experimental device capable of physical clogging and chemical consolidation can be designed, and a large-scale geotextile clogging indoor simulation experiment can be carried out. According to the survey data, at present, some scholars at home and abroad have carried out mechanical and chemical silting simulation experiments, and established some experimental devices. In general, there are two types: 1) vertical single-column seepage silting experimental system; 2) Box-type osmotic silting experimental system.

The vertical single-column clogging experimental system includes three subsystems: the liquid inlet system, the infiltration and clogging simulation system and the waste liquid recovery system. The infiltration and clogging simulation system is a vertical cylinder, which is filled with experimental materials. It is connected to the liquid system, and the top is sealed with a pressure head, and the pressure measuring tube and the waste liquid recovery device are externally connected. This type of experimental system mainly tests the permeability of the filling material. When the injected solution is a chemical solution, the internal structure of the material can be changed after soaking in the chemical solution, so the permeability of the filling material and the phenomenon and mechanism of chemical silting can be analyzed. This type of system is relatively simple, and has the following disadvantages: 1) Due to the size limitation of the straight cylinder, the experimental scale is small; 2) The experimental system has only one inlet and one outlet, so it is impossible to know the solution at a specific position inside the material in real time Changes in concentration, pressure, and internal structure; 3) Since the solution enters the experimental device directly from the bottom without a buffer zone, it is easy to have an impact effect on the material at the bottom and affect the experimental effect; 4) If the physical and chemical sedimentation of geotechnical materials is carried out after modification For blockage simulation, only one drainage pipe can be arranged, so the number of simultaneous experiments is limited.

The box-type osmotic silting experimental system also includes three subsystems: the liquid inlet system, the osmotic and silting simulation system, and the waste liquid recovery system. The osmotic and silting simulating system is a box-type structure. The seepage drainage pipe is pre-buried in the filling tailings in the tank, the solution is input from one side and discharged from the outlet pipe on the other side; the seepage process of the fluid can be analyzed by observing the solution flow path from the side; by analyzing the solution of the outlet pipe The change of the flow rate can test the permeability; the composition of the solution at the water outlet can be analyzed to study the change of the chemical composition of the filling material and the solution. At the same time, test the composition of the sample after long-term immersion and the composition of the sediment on the surface of the geotechnical material to reveal the mechanism of chemical deposition clogging. The disadvantages of this system: 1) Due to the fixed position of the outlet pipe, the water level in the tank cannot be adjusted, so it is not suitable for material soaking experiments under different water level conditions; 2) The positions of the geotechnical materials and seepage pipes arranged in the tank are fixed , the quantity is limited, and it is impossible to conduct comparative analysis of the same batch of samples after different immersion times; 3) The function is relatively single, and only chemical clogging experiments and permeability tests can be performed.

Contents of the invention

In view of the shortcomings existing in the existing seepage drainage system, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a tailings seepage drainage system silting simulation experiment device, which can solve the following problems: 1) carry out model experiments on larger-scale samples; 2) carry out drainage Physical silting and chemical silting experiments of seepage pipes and geotechnical materials; 3) When the experimental process requires a long period of time and more seepage pipes need to be arranged, it can meet the requirements of obtaining samples at different time points for analysis and testing; 4 ) The water level in the box-type clogging experimental device can be adjusted accurately; 5) The flow rate, permeability coefficient and chemical composition at different time points and different depths can be tested; 6) The flow rate of the injected and effluent solution can be adjusted and quantitatively measured .

The technical scheme that the utility model takes is:

A tailings seepage drainage system silting simulation experiment device, including a fluid input system composed of a water tank, a pressure pump, and a No. 1 flowmeter connected in sequence, and the fluid input system is connected to a box-type seepage drainage system;

The box-type seepage drainage system includes a shell, and three sides of the shell are respectively provided with a liquid inlet valve, a liquid outlet valve, and a liquid discharge valve, wherein the liquid inlet valve is connected to the No. 1 flowmeter, and the liquid discharge valve Set on the side opposite to the inlet valve, there are several outlet valves, and each outlet valve is connected to a No. 2 flowmeter; inside the shell, along the direction from the inlet valve to the outlet valve It is divided into solution input buffer area, sand filling area, solution output buffer area and liquid level adjustment area, among which, the solution input buffer area, sand filling area and solution output buffer area are separated by perforated partitions in turn, and the solution output buffer area and The liquid level adjustment area is separated by an impermeable partition, and a rotary liquid level adjustment tube is installed at the bottom of the impermeable partition to connect the solution output buffer and the liquid level adjustment area and control the water level of the solution output buffer ;In the sand filling area, several drainage pipes with holes are arranged vertically or horizontally, and each drainage pipe is wrapped with geotextiles. connected.

Further, there are 12 liquid outlet valves in total, which are arranged in three layers. Correspondingly, there are also 12 seepage drain pipes arranged horizontally. There are 4 rows of round holes, the distance between adjacent round holes is 8cm, and the diameter of round holes is 5-8mm.

Further, a sand-blocking net is arranged on the surface of the partition with holes, and the hole diameter of the sand-blocking net is smaller than the diameter of the sand grains in the sand-filling area, so as to prevent the sand grains from flowing out of the sand-filling area.

Further, the housing is made of transparent plexiglass material, so that the fluid flow conditions can be observed in real time.

Further, the pressure pump is a large-flow peristaltic pump with a supply flow rate of 6L/min, and the flow rate is adjusted by a potentiometer; the No. 1 and No. 2 flow meters are glass rotameters, and the flow range is 40-400L/h.

Further, when the drainage pipes are arranged vertically, a water level monitor is provided in each drainage pipe.

The beneficial effects of the utility model:

The device of the utility model can carry out penetration experiments and clogging experiments of sandy soil materials and geotechnical materials. After soaking in different chemical composition solutions for different times, changes in material composition, structure and permeability, and clogging components of geotechnical materials can be obtained. The change of the surface structure and the change law of the permeability of the drainage pipe, the mechanism analysis and the analysis of the influencing factors of the clogging law of the geotechnical material reveal the influence of physical filling and chemical scaling on the permeability of the geotechnical material.

Compared with the prior art, the specific performance is as follows:

1) The size of the experimental equipment is relatively large, and more drainage pipes can be placed for simultaneous experiments; at the same time, 12 drainage pipes are arranged in one batch, which can be taken out at different times for testing and analysis, and the structural changes of materials at different times can be obtained;

2) Two sets of seepage drainage systems, horizontal and vertical, can be arranged. By switching the drainage system, physical silting and chemical silting experiments can be carried out respectively;

3) Set the solution input buffer zone, which can prevent the impact of high-speed water flow on the sand filling and affect the penetration effect;

4) Set up a liquid level adjustment tube, which can adjust the water level height at any time, conduct soaking experiments at different water levels, and obtain the change law of the structure and sediment of the sand filling and geotechnical materials during the dry-wet cycle process;

5) By setting the outlet valve and flowmeter on the vertical side of the fluid flow, water samples can be taken at different depths and times to obtain the seepage flow of the seepage pipe and the change of the chemical composition of the solution;

6) A water level gauge is placed in the vertical seepage pipe to observe the change of water level inside the sand filling at different times.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the connection schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model device;

Fig. 2 is a side view of the box type drainage system (vertical drainage system);

Fig. 3 is a top view of the box type drainage system (vertical drainage system);

Fig. 4 is a side view of the box type drainage system (horizontal drainage system);

Fig. 5 is a top view of the box type drainage system (horizontal drainage system);

In the figure, (1) water tank, (2) pressure pump, (3) No. 1 flowmeter, (4) liquid inlet valve, (5) liquid outlet valve, (6) liquid discharge valve, (7) box type drainage System, (8) shell, (9) perforated baffle, (10) seepage tube, (11) geotextile, (12) impermeable baffle, (13) rotary level regulator, (14) No. 2 flow meter, (A) solution input buffer zone, (B) sand filling zone, (C) solution output buffer zone, (D) liquid level adjustment zone.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is further described.

As shown in Figure 1, a tailings seepage drainage system silting simulation experiment device includes a fluid input system composed of a water tank 1, a pressure pump 2, and a flow meter 3 connected in sequence. infiltration system 7;

As shown in Figures 2 to 4, the box-type drainage system 7 includes a housing 8 made of transparent plexiglass material, which can observe the fluid flow conditions in real time. The three sides of the housing 8 are respectively provided with a liquid inlet valve 4 and an outlet valve. A liquid valve 5 and a liquid discharge valve 6, wherein the liquid inlet valve 4 is connected to the No. 1 flowmeter 3, the liquid discharge valve 6 is arranged on the side opposite to the liquid inlet valve 4, and the liquid outlet valve 5 is provided with 12 Correspondingly, there are also 12 seepage drainage pipes 10 arranged horizontally, each with a diameter of 50 mm, and 4 rows of circular holes are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction on the drainage pipes, and adjacent circles The hole spacing is 8cm, and the diameter of the round hole is 8mm; each outlet valve 5 is connected to a No. 2 flowmeter 14;

Inside the shell 8, it is divided into a solution input buffer A, a sand filling area B, a solution output buffer C and a liquid level adjustment area D along the direction pointed from the liquid inlet valve 4 to the liquid discharge valve 6, wherein the solution input buffer Zone A, sand filling zone B and solution output buffer zone C are separated by a perforated partition 9 in turn, and a sand-blocking net is arranged on the surface of the perforated partition 9, and the aperture of the sand-blocking net is smaller than the sand grains in the sand-filling zone. Diameter, to prevent sand from flowing out of the sand filling area, the solution output buffer zone C and the liquid level adjustment area D are separated by an impermeable partition 12, and a rotary liquid level adjustment pipe 13 is installed at the bottom of the impermeable partition 12 for communication The solution output buffer C and the liquid level adjustment area D control the water level of the solution output buffer C; in the sand filling area B, several drainage pipes 10 with holes are arranged vertically or horizontally, and each drainage pipe 10 The outside is wrapped with a geotextile 11, wherein, when the drainage pipes 10 are arranged horizontally, each drainage pipe 10 is connected with the liquid outlet valve 5 respectively.

The pressure pump 2 is a large-flow peristaltic pump with a supply flow rate of 6L/min, and the flow rate is adjusted by a potentiometer; the first flow meter 3 and the second flow meter 14 are glass rotameters, and the flow range is 40-400L/h. When the drainage pipe 10 is vertically arranged, a water level monitor is provided in each drainage pipe.

Through the long-term immersion seepage experiment of sand filling and geotechnical materials, the utility model can better obtain the structure and composition of silting deposits on the surface of geotechnical materials after materials are soaked in different concentrations of chemical solutions, reveal the mechanism of silting and carry out quantitative description.

After filling the prepared solution or mud into the water tank, apply high pressure to the model box through the peristaltic pump, and measure the total amount and speed of the input solution through the flow meter; by measuring the amount and time of the waste liquid discharged from the liquid outlet, the outflow can be obtained. Rate; test the change of chemical composition to obtain the change of ion composition and concentration after seepage of the filling material in the model box.

When the PVC pipe is upright, the chemical silting experiment of geotechnical materials after different immersion times is mainly carried out; when the PVC pipe is horizontally arranged, the permeability test of the seepage pipe after different immersion time is carried out to obtain the permeability and the silting simulation experiment of geotechnical materials at different depths; The output buffer mainly collects the chemical solution seepage from the sand filling area. By turning the angle of the rotary liquid level adjustment tube, the water level of the solution output buffer is controlled.

Utilize the step that the utility model device carries out experiment is:

1. Chemical clogging experiment

1) Connect the pipeline and components well, and test the tightness to pass;

2) Close the liquid inlet valve 4 before the experiment, put the prepared chemical solution into the water tank 1, and add a dye to the solution;

3) First spread the sand in the sand filling area, and then vertically arrange the perforated seepage pipes 10 wrapped with geotextiles 11 in the sand at equal intervals. At the same time, arrange a water level monitor in the seepage pipe 10 to test the water level at Variations over time;

4) Close the drain valve 6 and the liquid outlet valve 5, open the liquid inlet valve 4, inject the solution in the water tank 1 into the solution input buffer zone through the pressure pump 2 according to the designed speed and pressure, and let the solution flow into the sand filling through the pores Then enter the solution output buffer zone; by observing the change of the water level with the dye and the measurement results of the water level monitor, the penetration law of the solution in the sand is obtained;

5) After waiting for the water level of the solution input buffer and the solution output buffer to be stable, close the liquid inlet valve 4 and let it stand for 30 to 60 minutes, then take water from the solution input buffer, the solution output buffer and the drainage pipe 10 respectively Test the chemical composition and concentration of the sample, and analyze the influence of sand filling on the chemical composition;

6) Subsequently, by changing the angle of the liquid level regulating pipe 13, the water level in the sand filling area is lowered, and the influence of the water level reduction on the chemical composition of the solution and the surface properties of the geotextile is analyzed;

7) Open the liquid inlet valve 4, re-inject the chemical solution to reach the initial water level, and then place it for 1 hour to make the water level stable, then lower the water level, perform multiple water level up and down cycles, and analyze the influence of the water level cycle process on the concentration of the chemical solution. During the circulation process, a drainage pipe 10 is taken out at intervals to obtain a geotextile 11 wrapped on the surface, and the microstructure analysis of the surface of the geotextile and the test of the chemical composition of the sediment are carried out. The specific process is: the removal interval of the first three drainage pipes 7 days, a total of 21 days, and then three were taken out according to the intervals of 10 days, 15 days and 30 days respectively, and the time was 30 days, 45 days and 90 days in sequence;

8) After all the drainage pipes 10 of the PVC pipes are taken out for testing, the liquid level regulating pipe is laid flat, the drain valve 6 is opened, the chemical solution is discharged, the sand filling is taken out, the equipment is cleaned, and the experiment is ended.

2. Simultaneous experiment of physical and chemical clogging

9) The other preparation steps are the same, the difference is that the seepage drainage system is changed from vertical to horizontal, and it is no longer necessary to install a water level monitor. In addition, it is also necessary to connect the horizontal PVC pipe 10 to the liquid outlet valve 5 at the corresponding position;

10) Close the drain valve 6 and the liquid outlet valve 5, open the liquid inlet valve 4, inject the solution in the water tank 1 into the buffer zone through the pressure pump 2 according to the designed speed and pressure, and let the solution seep through the pores into the sand filling area, and then enter the solution output buffer;

11) When the water level reaches the set height, let it stand for 30 minutes, then open the four outlet valves 5 at the same horizontal position, test the flow at the outlet valve 5, obtain the seepage change law of the seepage pipe 10, and inject the solution after the test Go to the same initial position (that is, the set height mentioned in this step), and then replace it with other valves at different horizontal positions for testing, and finally obtain the flow change of the seepage pipe at different depths and different horizontal positions, and the change of the permeability of the geotextile ;

12) By changing the angle of the liquid level regulating pipe 13, adjusting the initial water level, and repeating step 11, so as to obtain the law of seepage variation under different water level conditions, that is, setting multiple initial water levels, and measuring multiple sets of experiments for each initial water level;

13) After the experiment, put the liquid level regulating pipe 13 flat, open the drain valve 6, and completely empty the solution; take out the seepage pipe 10 and the geotextile 11, test the material composition on the surface of the geotextile 11, and scan and analyze the surface by electron microscopy The structure, the permeability of the material is obtained by the permeability tester.

Claims (6)

1. A tailings seepage drainage system silting simulation experiment device is characterized in that, comprises the fluid input system that is connected in sequence by water tank (1), pressure pump (2), No. 1 flowmeter (3), and this fluid input system The system is connected with a box type drainage system (7); The box-type seepage drainage system (7) includes a housing (8), and three sides of the housing (8) are respectively provided with a liquid inlet valve (4), a liquid outlet valve (5), and a liquid discharge valve (6). , wherein, the liquid inlet valve (4) is connected to No. 1 flowmeter (3), the liquid discharge valve (6) is arranged on the side opposite to the liquid inlet valve (4), and the liquid outlet valve (5) is set There are several, and each outlet valve (5) is connected with a No. 2 flowmeter (14); inside the casing (8), it is divided along the direction from the inlet valve (4) to the outlet valve (6). For solution input buffer zone (A), sand filling zone (B), solution output buffer zone (C) and liquid level adjustment zone (D), wherein, solution input buffer zone (A), sand filling zone (B) and solution The output buffer (C) is separated by a perforated partition (9) in turn, and the solution output buffer (C) and the liquid level adjustment area (D) are separated by an impermeable partition (12). A rotary liquid level regulating tube (13) is installed at the bottom, which is used to connect the solution output buffer (C) and the liquid level adjustment area (D) and control the water level of the solution output buffer (C); Several drainage pipes (10) with holes are arranged vertically or horizontally in the area (B), and each drainage pipe (10) is wrapped with a geotextile (11). Wherein, when the drainage pipes (10) are arranged horizontally , each drain pipe (10) is connected with the liquid outlet valve (5) respectively. 2. A tailings seepage drainage system silting simulation experiment device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, there are 12 outlet valves (5), which are arranged in three layers, correspondingly, the drainage valves arranged horizontally Seepage pipe (10) also is 12, and every root seepage pipe diameter is 50mm, is provided with 4 rows of round holes at equal intervals along the circumferential direction on the seepage pipe, adjacent round hole spacing 8cm, round hole diameter 5-8mm. 3. A kind of tailings seepage drainage system silting simulation experiment device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the surface of described banded partition (9) is provided with sand-blocking net, the aperture of this sand-blocking net The diameter of the sand grains is smaller than that of the sand filling area to prevent the sand grains from flowing out of the sand filling area. 4. A tailings seepage drainage system silting simulation experiment device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the housing (8) is made of transparent plexiglass material, which can observe fluid flow conditions in real time. 5. A kind of tailings drainage system silting simulation experiment device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described pressure pump (2) is the large-flow peristaltic pump that supply flow reaches 6L/min, and flow rate is controlled by potentiometer Adjustment: No. 1 flowmeter (3) and No. 2 flowmeter (14) are glass rotameters, and the flow range is 40-400L/h. 6. A tailings seepage drainage system silting simulation experiment device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, when the seepage drainage pipes (10) are arranged vertically, a water level monitor is provided in each seepage drainage pipe.