CN208722991U - 一种新型可充电锂电池 - Google Patents
一种新型可充电锂电池 Download PDFInfo
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- CN208722991U CN208722991U CN201821471330.9U CN201821471330U CN208722991U CN 208722991 U CN208722991 U CN 208722991U CN 201821471330 U CN201821471330 U CN 201821471330U CN 208722991 U CN208722991 U CN 208722991U
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- metal foam
- anode
- porous metal
- rechargeable lithium
- lithium battery
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- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000006262 metallic foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012520 frozen sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035899 viability Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Cell Electrode Carriers And Collectors (AREA)
Abstract
本实用新型涉及一种新型可充电锂电池，包括壳体、阳极、阴极和位于阳极和阴极之间的隔断膜，所述可充电锂电池的集电体为阳极集电体；所述阳极集电体由多个多孔金属泡沫板制成，在所述多孔金属泡沫的表面上具有纳米级表面粗糙度的活性氧化物材料层；其特征在于，所述多孔金属泡沫板上设有多数个贯通孔。
Description
技术领域
本实用新型涉及一种可再充电电池技术领域，更具体地涉及一种可再充电的锂离子电池技术。
背景技术
可充电电池又称为蓄电池，是指在电池放电后可通过充电的方式使活性物质激活而继续使用的电池。
利用化学反应的可逆性，可以组建成一个新电池，即当一个化学反应转化为电能之后，还可以用电能使化学体系修复，然后再利用化学反应转化为电能，所以叫二次电池(可充电电池)。市场上主要充电电池有“镍氢”、“镍镉”“铅酸(铅蓄电池)”、“锂离子(包括锂电池和锂离子聚合物电池)”等。
电动汽车等中使用的锂离子电池，包括有位于正极集电体的周围的正极活性物质和隔着隔膜(Separator)而位于负极集电体的周围的负极活性物质。所述正极集电体多使用铝，负极集电体多使用铜。另外，隔膜是开有极小的孔的薄膜的有机物，电解质分为溶质和溶媒。专利号为201680043033.1的文献公开了一种制造多孔金属泡沫的方法以及通过高温处理涂覆活性材料的方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：(a)用冷表面铜棒冷冻模具中的金属浆料；(b)在减压和低温下使冷冻样品升华，形成多孔的生坯体；(c)烧结多孔生坯体以获得多孔金属泡沫；(d)将多孔金属泡沫切成薄层；(e)通过将金属泡沫暴露于高温热处理而形成活性氧化物材料层。具有活性氧化物材料的三维(3D)金属泡沫在结构上有利于限制循环过程中阳极的剧烈体积变化并且由于较大的表面积而增强电化学反应。因此，其预计具有高容量。
金属泡沫集电体可以由以下金属中的至少一种制成：铁、钴、镍、铜、钛、金、铝、镁或不锈钢，或这些金属的合金。制造过程可以使用冷冻铸造法来形成多孔金属泡沫集电体。该技术使用孔径为数百纳米至数百微米的多孔金属泡沫作为锂离子电池的集电体；以及在多孔金属泡沫的表面上形成具有纳米级表面粗糙度的活性氧化物材料层。
本发明人发现，在上述可充电电池的充电/放电过程中，电极组件的体积变化。例如，在锂离子电池中，负极板的负极活性材料在充电过程中纳入锂离子使得负极活性材料的体积膨胀，在放电过程中排出锂离子使得体积缩小。当充电/放电循环重复时，电极组件重复膨胀和缩小。然而，除袋型壳体以外的大多数壳体是由金属形成的刚性体，从而这样的壳体不能适应电极组件的体积膨胀。因此，如图1和图2所示，一种新型可充电锂电池，包括壳体(1)、阳极(2)、阴极(4)和位于阳极和阴极之间的隔断膜(3),；采用活性氧化物材料制造三维金属泡沫用作锂电池的阳极,使用可以通过冷冻铸造工艺制造的多孔金属泡沫作为锂电池的阳极集电体(21)，经涂覆的金属泡沫阳极减少了活性材料的体积膨胀并且提高了电化学反应的速率，导致阳极材料的改进的循环性能和更高的容量，电极组件重复膨胀和缩小对壳体的影响依然存在。
实用新型内容
本实用新型的目的在于提供一种新型可充电锂电池及其制造方法，通过改变传统做法对电池中电极组件的构造，减少电极组件重复膨胀和缩小对壳体的影响。
本实用新型的技术方案如下：一种新型可充电锂电池，包括壳体、阳极、阴极和位于阳极和阴极之间的隔断膜，所述可充电锂电池的集电体为阳极集电体；所述阳极集电体由多个多孔金属泡沫板(21)制成，在所述多孔金属泡沫的表面上具有纳米级表面粗糙度的活性氧化物材料层；其特征在于，所述多孔金属泡沫板上设有多数个贯通孔(211)。
优选的，所述贯通孔(211)的平均内径为30-500μm,开孔率为3-50％。
本实用新型的有益效果在于：本实用新型创造性的在所述多空金属泡沫板上设置多数个贯通孔，能够有效减少电极组件重复膨胀和缩小对壳体的影响。
附图说明
图1本实用新型背景技术结构示意图
图2本实用新型背景技术阳极集电体膨胀对壳体影响的结构示意图。
图3本实用新型阳极集电体结构示意图。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本实用新型的技术方案作详细说明。
如图3所示，一种新型可充电锂电池，包括壳体、阳极、阴极和位于阳极和阴极之间的隔断膜，所述可充电锂电池的集电体为阳极集电体；所述阳极集电体由多个多孔金属泡沫板(21)制成，在所述多孔金属泡沫的表面上具有纳米级表面粗糙度的活性氧化物材料层；其特征在于，所述多孔金属泡沫板上设有多数个贯通孔(211)。
优选的，所述贯通孔(211)的平均内径为30-500μm,开孔率为3-50％。
以上的描述仅仅涉及本实用新型的一些具体实施方式，任何本领域的技术人员基于本实用新型的精神所做的替换或改进均应为本实用新型的保护范围所涵盖，本实用新型的保护范围应以权利要求书为准。
Claims (2)
1.一种新型可充电锂电池，包括壳体、阳极、阴极和位于阳极和阴极之间的隔断膜，所述可充电锂电池的集电体为阳极集电体；所述阳极集电体由多个多孔金属泡沫板制成，在所述多孔金属泡沫的表面上的具有纳米级表面粗糙度的活性氧化物材料层；其特征在于，所述多孔金属泡沫板上设有多数个贯通孔。
2.根据权利要求1所述的新型可充电锂电池，其特征在于，所述贯通孔的平均内径为30-500μm,开孔率为3-50％。
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109103458A (zh) * | 2018-09-10 | 2018-12-28 | 深圳市华慧品牌管理有限公司 | 一种新型可充电锂电池及其制造方法 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109103458A (zh) * | 2018-09-10 | 2018-12-28 | 深圳市华慧品牌管理有限公司 | 一种新型可充电锂电池及其制造方法 |
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Address after: 518057 07-08, 11 floor, Fangda building, 011 South Road, science and technology twelve Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong. Patentee after: Shenzhen Huahui Yun Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 518057 07-08, 11 floor, Fangda building, 011 South Road, science and technology twelve Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong. Patentee before: SHENZHEN HUAHUI BRAND MANAGEMENT Co.,Ltd. |
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