A kind of underground project waterproof structure
Technical field
Construction Technique of Underground Works field is the utility model is related to, particularly a kind of underground project waterproof structure.
Background technology
Underground engineering, refers to the engineering that various types of underground structures or structure are built in below ground soil layer or rock mass.
It includes:Underground railway, tunnel, parking lot, underground commercial center, people's air defence, basement and piping lane etc..With city capital construction not
Disconnected development, since the construction and use of underground engineering greatly increase the utilization rate of land use, underground engineering
Using waterproof problem that is more and more extensive, but being also faced with underground engineering at the same time.Underground project waterproof is whole construction quality
One key content, if the underground project waterproof structure without excellent sealing, it will cause the leakage of underground water, it is this long-term
Leakage can corrode bar construction in building concrete, and then would necessarily affect concrete building structures durability,
Security and use function.Therefore, underground waterproof structure is carried out to be necessary.
The common method of current underground waterproof engineering construction has outer anti-outer patch method and outer anti-interior patch method, and outer anti-outer patch method is
Treat structure abutment wall(Reinforced concrete structure exterior wall)After the completion of construction, directly coil waterproof layer is attached on abutment wall(I.e. underground is tied
Structure wall upstream face), finally make the protective layer of coil waterproof layer;Outer anti-interior patch method is that construction is preceding first builds protection wall inside foundation pit,
Then coil waterproof layer is attached on protection wall, the method for finally pouring into a mould side wall concrete.Execution conditions are typically due to be limited
System, no operating space, when outer anti-outer patch method construction is difficult to carry out, using outer anti-interior patch waterproof construction method.
When actual Waterproofing Technology of Underground Works is using outer anti-interior patch, conventional method generally has two kinds:(1)Done in foundation pit side-wall
Steel sheet pile enclosure structure or concrete building enclosure, and the brick laid on edge fetal membrane in concrete building enclosure, fetal membrane of laying bricks will pass through
Paving blinding layer, numerous and diverse process such as build, plaster by laying bricks or stones;This process it is easily caused following problem:A. build by laying bricks or stones brick fetal membrane, plastering needed for
Long construction period;B. brick fetal membrane material requested cost and high labor cost;C. since long construction period, foundation pit expose for a long time,
Easily there is the problem of uplift of soil in foundation pit, adds the unstability factor of foundation pit enclosure structure;(2)Knot is gone along with sb. to guard him in concrete
Side wall screed-coat is performed on the inside of structure, then waterproof roll is fixed in process layer by steel nail, such as Application No.
201610230067.3 application for a patent for invention " a kind of construction method of Large Underground waterproofing work pre-installed and inverted adhered waterproof roll ",
This method is disclosed, the fetal membrane although invention need not lay bricks, reduces process, still needs to perform process layer, i.e. side wall
Screed-coat, to fill up gap or the groove between concrete building enclosure, there are the following problems for this engineering method:A. process layer needs
Carried out with pea gravel concreten or mortar repeatedly levelling, can be only achieved levelling effect, and can not be too thick, it is otherwise easily de-
Fall, such speed of application is slow, and cost is manually more, and long construction period, adds the unstability of foundation pit enclosure structure
Factor;B. waterproof roll is fixed in process layer by steel nail, can also causes the destruction to waterproof roll, and then influenced complete close
Seal waterproof effect.
Utility model content
A kind of underground project waterproof structure and its construction method are disclosed, the waterproof construction progress of underground engineering can be accelerated,
Comprehensive cost cost is reduced, improves safety work coefficient in underground engineering foundation pit.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the utility model is:
A kind of underground project waterproof structure, it is characterised in that:
Building enclosure is set in the side wall for digging foundation pit in advance, concrete cushion is set in foundation pit bottom surface, in the building enclosure
Medial surface is fixedly connected with template, and waterproof roll layer is set on the template medial surface and concrete cushion;
The template is the template of non-wall, can include but is not limited to plastic formwork, wooden form and steel template, institute
The medial surface and waterproof roll layer for stating template fit;
The building enclosure is steel sheet pile enclosure structure or concrete building enclosure.
Further, the building enclosure is concrete building enclosure, the concrete building enclosure is diaphram wall,
One or both of piles in row, borehole perfusion campshed, concrete sheet-piling and SMW engineering method stakes.Template and coagulation fortifield village
Protection structure connection mode can use it is existing it is common be fixedly connected with mode, such as connected by steel nail.
Further, the building enclosure is steel sheet pile enclosure structure, between the steel sheet pile enclosure structure and template also
It is provided with separation layer.Further, the separation layer is made of cystosepiment.
Preferably, inner support is arranged with the groove of the steel sheet pile enclosure structure, the template passes through the first fixing piece
It is fixed on through template and separation layer in inner support.The utility model additionally provides a kind of preferred structure of inner support, described interior
Support includes stull and perpendicular support, and the stull is provided with more than 2, and stull both ends are tightly stuck in steel sheet pile enclosure texture grooves respectively
Inner wall;The perpendicular support is fixedly connected on the inner side of stull, and steel sheet pile enclosure concordant with the convex surface of steel sheet pile enclosure structure/prominent
The convex surface that the convex surface of structure is depressed in steel sheet pile enclosure structure no more than 5cm/ is no more than 20cm.
Further, screed-coat, the waterproof roll layer are additionally provided between concrete cushion and the waterproof roll layer
Including at least one layer of waterproof roll;
Peripheral precipitation or water sealing structure, the periphery precipitation or sealing knot are additionally provided with the inside or outside of the building enclosure
Structure is well casing or water-stop curtain.
Further, the concrete building enclosure being connected with the template for piles in row, borehole irrigate campshed or
During SMW engineering method stakes, the template-setup has more than two pieces, and connecting component company is provided between horizontally-spliced template lateral surface
Connect, the connecting component is inserted in concrete building enclosure'sIn gap.Further, the connecting component is connection side
Bar.
Further, it is provided with waterproof slab protective layer on the waterproof roll layer above the concrete cushion.
Using above-described underground project waterproof structure, have the advantages that:
1st, due to being provided with template on the inside of building enclosure, waterproof roll is enable to be directly adhered in template, therefore exempt
Process needed for brick fetal membrane or side wall construction of leveling blanket, shortens the waterproof construction cycle of underground engineering, reduces underground work
The material cost and cost of labor of journey.
2nd, since the construction period of waterproof construction shortens, reduce the open-assembly time of foundation pit, be conducive to safeguard the steady of foundation pit
It is qualitative, improve the safety coefficient of operation in hole.
3rd, template and cystosepiment derive from a wealth of sources used by constructing, of low cost;
4th, waterproof roll is pasted in the template fixed, without using steel nail or other fixing pieces again to waterproof roll
It is fixed, avoids waterproof roll and wreck, so as to further ensures the waterproof effect of good seal.
5th, have since its is easy to operate, of low cost, contrasts traditional construction efficiency and significantly improve, have extensive
Promotion prospect.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is 1 structure diagram of the utility model embodiment.
Fig. 2 is 2 structure diagram of the utility model embodiment.
Fig. 3 is the structure diagram of 1 inner support of the utility model embodiment.
Fig. 4 is the structure diagram of 2 connecting component of the utility model embodiment.
Fig. 5 is the piping lane waterproof construction schematic diagram that conventional construction method is implemented.
In figure, building enclosure 1, concrete cushion 2, screed-coat 3, waterproof roll layer 4, structure sheaf 5, template 6, separation layer 7,
Waterproof slab protective layer 8, erects support 9, stull 10, connecting square strip 11, brick fetal membrane 12, brick fetal membrane screed-coat 13.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the utility model is described in further detail, but the scope of protection of the utility model is not
It is limited to following embodiments.
The underground engineering of following embodiments meaning can be piping lane, basement, underground commercial center, people's air defence or be river
Subaqueous tunnel under bed.
Medial surface described in following embodiments, is an opposite concept, i.e., with respect to foundation pit for, residing for building enclosure
Position is the periphery of Waterproof structural course, progressively sets Waterproof structural course to the inside of foundation pit successively, and Waterproof structural course is towards foundation pit
The one side at center is medial surface.
Embodiment 1
With reference to shown in Fig. 1, a kind of underground project waterproof structure, sets building enclosure 1, in foundation pit in the side wall for digging foundation pit in advance
Bottom surface sets concrete cushion 2, template 6 is fixedly connected with 1 medial surface of building enclosure, in 6 medial surface of template and concrete cushion 2
Waterproof roll layer 4 is pasted above.Template 6 is the template of non-wall.
In the present embodiment, building enclosure 1 is using steel sheet pile enclosure structure.During to prevent dismounting steel sheet pile enclosure structure
Template 6 can be disturbed, separation layer 7 is additionally provided between template 6 and steel sheet pile enclosure structure, the separation layer of the present embodiment is foam
Plate matter, the cystosepiment are first laid on the inner side of steel sheet pile enclosure structure, then fixed form 6 on the inside of cystosepiment again.
For the template 6 that the present embodiment uses for wooden form, the medial surface of template 6 is even curface, energy and waterproof roll
Layer 4 preferably fits.Wooden form can substitute traditional brick fetal membrane well, and providing one for laying water-proof coiled material layer puts down
Whole adhesive surface, be securely bonded to waterproof roll layer together with, build brick fetal membrane process by laying bricks or stones so as to eliminate, reduce material
Cost and cost of labor, and waterproof construction progress is accelerated, foundation pit open-assembly time is reduced, maintains the stabilization of foundation pit well
Property, safety work coefficient in hole is improved, while it is simple to be laid with template process, it is of low cost, it is easy to accomplish.Wooden form also may be used
To be substituted using plastic formwork, steel template.
Template 6 will not produce displacement during to realize the dismounting of steel sheet pile enclosure structure, and the present embodiment, which preferably uses, to be easy to carry out
Separated fixed form is dismantled, with reference to shown in Fig. 3, inner support is arranged with the groove of steel sheet pile enclosure structure, template 6 passes through
One fixing piece is fixedly mounted in inner support 1 through template 6 and separation layer 7, and the first fixing piece that the present embodiment uses is nail
Son.A kind of preferred structure of inner support, including stull 10 and perpendicular support 9 are present embodiments provided, stull 10 is provided with more than 2,
10 both ends of stull, which are respectively separated, is tightly stuck in steel sheet pile enclosure texture grooves inner wall, and a fixed support is provided for perpendicular support 9;Perpendicular support 9
Interval is fixedly connected on the inner side of stull 10, and it is concordant with the convex surface of steel sheet pile enclosure structure that perpendicular support 9 is optimal, but can also have
Certain Engineering Error scope, i.e., the convex surface of prominent steel sheet pile enclosure structure are no more than 5cm or are depressed in steel sheet pile enclosure structure
Convex surface be no more than 20cm.To be cost-effective, perpendicular support 9 and stull 10 can be made of the lumps of wood, can be led between perpendicular support 9 and stull 10
Nail is crossed to be fixed together.
Further, screed-coat 3 is also equipped between concrete cushion 2 and waterproof roll layer 4, screed-coat 3 can use
Pea gravel concreten or cement mortar are made, and screed-coat 3 can help the smooth paving of waterproof roll layer 4 in foundation pit bottom surface.Waterproof is rolled up
Material layer includes at least one layer of waterproof roll, can 2 layers or 3 layers waterproof roll of paving according to design requirement.On concrete cushion
Waterproof roll layer on be provided with waterproof slab protective layer, to damage waterproof roll when preventing underground engineering main structure construction.
Further, to strengthen water-stagnating effect, the inner or outer side of building enclosure 1 can also set other foundation pits common outer
Precipitation or water sealing structure are enclosed, such as water-stop curtain, well casing precipitation does interim dewatering and drainage.
The waterproof roofing structure of the underground engineering agent structure of the present embodiment can use existing common waterproof roofing structure.
During using above-mentioned underground project waterproof structure, perform building enclosure 1 in foundation pit surrounding to be excavated first, i.e., according to
Conventional construction method first performs steel sheet pile enclosure structure;Then excavation pit, and the support system of building enclosure is set, anti-stop bit
Move and deform, make building enclosure more firm, the situation in case of needed precipitation, according to conventional construction method in steel sheet pile enclosure structure
Inner or outer side sets well casing or water-stop curtain to carry out dewatering and drainage, then by excavation of foundation pit to designed elevation;Then in foundation pit
Concrete cushion 2 is spread in bottom surface, and pea gravel concreten or the screed-coat of cement mortar are poured on concrete cushion;Enclosed in steel sheet pile
Inner support is fixed in the groove of protection structure, separation layer 7 is then laid with, re-lays template 6, template 6 is fixed on interior branch by nail
In the perpendicular support 11 of support, after fixing template 6, waterproof roll is pasted in template 6 and screed-coat 3, is finally rolled up in the waterproof of side wall
Underground engineering agent structure is performed on the inside of material layer and above waterproof slab protective layer according to conventional construction method, the knot shown in figure
Structure layer 5 is the partial structurtes of underground engineering agent structure;Perform waterproof roofing structure;Backfill foundation pit;Extract steel sheet pile enclosure knot
Structure.
Embodiment 2
With reference to shown in Fig. 2, a kind of underground project waterproof structure, sets building enclosure 1, in foundation pit in the side wall for digging foundation pit in advance
Bottom surface sets concrete cushion 2, template 6 is fixedly connected with 1 medial surface of building enclosure, in 6 medial surface of template and concrete mats
Layer 2 pastes waterproof roll layer 4 above.Template 6 is the template of non-wall.
In the present embodiment, building enclosure 1 is more specifically ground using concrete building enclosure, concrete building enclosure
One kind or two in lower diaphragm wall or piles in row, borehole perfusion campshed, concrete sheet-piling and SMW engineering method stakes
Kind.Template 6 uses plastic formwork, and the medial surface of template 6 is even curface, can preferably be fitted with waterproof roll layer 4, modeling
Material template 6 can be fixedly mounted on the medial surface of concrete building enclosure by the second fixing piece, and the second of the present embodiment use is solid
It is steel nail to determine part.Plastic formwork can substitute brick fetal membrane or the side wall screed-coat of building enclosure very well, be laying water-proof coiled material layer 4
A smooth adhesive surface is provided, brick fetal membrane is built by laying bricks or stones so as to eliminate or performs building enclosure side wall screed-coat process,
Material cost and cost of labor are reduced, accelerates waterproof construction progress, so as to reduce foundation pit open-assembly time, is safeguarded well
The stability of foundation pit, improves safety work coefficient in hole.In addition, because waterproof roll layer can be affixed directly in template, avoid
The destruction caused by waterproof roll, ensures that hermetically sealed waterproof effect by the way of steel nail fixation.Plastic formwork
It can also be substituted using wooden form, steel template.
When the concrete building enclosure being connected with template is piles in row, borehole perfusion campshed or SMW engineering method stakes,
Larger gap is generally had between pile body, when template 6 is provided with more than two pieces, when the horizontal piece junction of template 6 is located at
When between the gap of concrete building enclosure, to make the connection of template 6 more firm, horizontally-spliced 6 lateral surface of template it
Between set connecting component to be attached, to be cost-effective, connecting component that the present embodiment is selected is connecting square strip 11, connecting square strip
Optimal 11 length is that can be inserted in the gap of concrete building enclosure.The present embodiment can be protected by adding connecting square strip 11
The stability and planarization combined between card template 6.
Further, screed-coat 3 is also equipped between concrete cushion 2 and waterproof roll layer 4, screed-coat 3 can use
Pea gravel concreten or cement mortar are made, and screed-coat 3 can help the more smooth paving of waterproof roll layer 4 in foundation pit bottom surface.Waterproof
Coiled material layer includes at least one layer of waterproof roll, can 2 layers or 3 layers waterproof roll of paving according to design requirement.On concrete cushion
Waterproof slab protective layer is provided with the waterproof roll layer in face, waterproof volume is damaged during preventing underground engineering main structure construction
Material.
Further, to strengthen water-stagnating effect, the inner or outer side of building enclosure 1 can also set other foundation pits common outer
Precipitation or water sealing structure are enclosed, such as water-stop curtain, well casing precipitation does interim dewatering and drainage.
The waterproof roofing structure of the underground engineering agent structure of the present embodiment can use existing common waterproof roofing structure.
During using above-mentioned underground project waterproof structure, first conventionally perform go along with sb. to guard him in the side wall for digging foundation pit in advance first
Structure 1, i.e., first build concrete building enclosure;Then excavation pit, and the support system of building enclosure is set, prevent displacement and
Deformation, makes building enclosure more firm, the situation in case of needed precipitation, according to conventional construction method in concrete building enclosure peripheral hardware
Put well casing or water-stop curtain and carry out dewatering and drainage, then by excavation of foundation pit to designed elevation, in bottom of foundation ditch casting concrete pad
Layer 2, pours pea gravel concreten or the screed-coat of cement mortar on concrete cushion;Then in the fixed peace in the inner side of building enclosure 1
Decking 6, template 6 are fixed in concrete building enclosure by steel nail, after fixing template 6, in template 6 and screed-coat 3
Waterproof roll is pasted, is finally applied on the inside of the waterproof roll layer of side wall and above waterproof slab protective layer according to conventional construction method
Underground engineering agent structure is done, the structure sheaf 5 shown in figure is the partial structurtes of piping lane bottom plate and side wall, performs waterproof roofing knot
Structure, backfills foundation pit;When backfilling foundation pit, backfill material can fill up the gap between template 6 and concrete building enclosure.
When the concrete building enclosure being connected with template is piles in row, borehole perfusion campshed or SMW engineering method stakes,
The specific fixation procedure of template 6 is:First template is fixed together with connecting square strip, template is then layed in concrete
The medial surface of building enclosure, the connecting square strip of the horizontal edge joint position of template are inserted in the gap of concrete building enclosure, then
Template is fixedly mounted in concrete building enclosure by steel nail.
If what is be connected with template is diaphram wall or concrete sheet-piling, without gap, it may be unnecessary to which extra installation connects
Relay part.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment is conventional waterproof construction, first builds retaining wall according to conventional construction method on the inside of foundation pit, carries out
After peripheral precipitation or water sealing structure, excavation pit spreads concrete cushion 2 in foundation pit bottom surface, and concrete cushion 2 is also covered with above
Screed-coat 3, builds brick fetal membrane 12 on the inside of retaining wall, by spreading blinding layer, building by laying bricks or stones, plaster, dry felt-laying, brush cold primer
Oil, bituminous cements, after smearing numerous and diverse process such as cement mortar separation layer, then be laid with brick fetal membrane screed-coat 11 on brick fetal membrane 12,
In 3 surface mount waterproof roll of brick fetal membrane screed-coat 11 and screed-coat, finally underground engineering master is carried out according to conventional construction method
Body structure construction, i.e., the structure sheaf 5 shown in Fig. 2.Due to building 12 complex process of brick fetal membrane, the time is longer, not only increases material
Expect cost and cost of labor, and extend construction period, and then influence the stability of foundation pit crater wall.