CN206807162U - The asymmetric rotor structure and synchronous magnetic resistance motor of motor - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides an asymmetric rotor structure of a motor and a synchronous reluctance motor. Wherein the asymmetric rotor structure of the motor includes: each magnetic pole of the rotor is provided with a magnetic conduction channel, and the magnetic conduction channel includes a magnetic conduction arm; different, and the width of the rear edge of the magnetic conduction arm is larger than the width of the front edge of the magnetic conduction arm; the magnetic conduction arms located on both sides of the quadrature axis include the magnetic conduction arm on the rear edge side of the rotation direction and the magnetic conduction arm on the front side of the rotation direction arm; the width of the rear edge of the magnetic conduction arm is the width of the magnetic conduction arm on the rear side of the rotation direction, and the front width of the magnetic conduction arm is the width of the magnetic conduction arm on the front side of the rotation direction. The technical solution of the utility model improves the uneven magnetic density of the front and rear magnetic conducting arms of the magnetic conducting channel, improves the torque output of the motor under the same input current, and improves the efficiency of the motor.

Description

Asymmetric rotor structure of motor and synchronous reluctance motor

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of motors, in particular to an asymmetric rotor structure of a motor and a synchronous reluctance motor.

Background technique

When the synchronous reluctance motor is in normal operation, its synthetic magnetic field is ahead of the D-axis (direct axis) by an angle, and there is a field-weakening effect. Therefore, the magnetic density of the two magnetically conductive arms that are symmetrical about the Q-axis (orthogonal axis) is not the same. And so on, but often the design needs to take care of the magnetic arm with higher magnetic density, so the other magnetic arm has a lower magnetic density, which is likely to cause Q-axis magnetic flux leakage, reduce the salient pole ratio, and affect the performance of the motor. In the prior art, there are rotor designs with asymmetrical Q-axis, but most of them are reflected by the asymmetry of the pole arc. The purpose is to reduce the torque ripple. Through the asymmetric design of the pole arc, during the rotation of the rotor, The interaction with the stator cogging makes each output position different, so as to obtain lower torque ripple. How to increase the torque output of the motor and improve the efficiency of the motor is an urgent problem to be solved at present.

Utility model content

The main purpose of the utility model is to overcome the defects of the above-mentioned prior art, and provide an asymmetric rotor structure of a motor and a synchronous reluctance motor to solve the problem of low efficiency of the motor caused by uneven magnetic density of the magnetic conducting arm.

On the one hand, the utility model provides an asymmetrical rotor structure of a motor, comprising: a magnetic conduction channel is provided on each magnetic pole of the rotor, and the magnetic conduction channel includes a magnetic conduction arm; The width of the magnetic conduction arm on the side is different, and the width of the rear edge of the magnetic conduction arm is larger than the width of the front edge of the magnetic conduction arm; And the magnetic conduction arm on the front side of the rotation direction; the width of the magnetic conduction arm rear edge is the width of the magnetic conduction arm on the rear edge side of the rotation direction, and the front width of the magnetic conduction arm is the magnetic conduction arm on the front side of the rotation direction width.

Optionally, the magnetically conductive channel further includes a magnetically conductive bottom, and the magnetically conductive arm on the front side of the rotation direction and the magnetically conductive arm on the rear side of the rotation direction are connected through the magnetically conductive bottom. The magnetically conductive channel at the magnetically permeable bottom gradually narrows from the back edge of the rotating direction to the front edge of the rotating direction; the magnetically permeable arm is a magnetically permeable channel in the radial direction in the rotor, and the magnetically permeable bottom is the tangential direction in the rotor Magnetic channel.

Optionally, each magnetic pole of the rotor is provided with more than two magnetic conduction channels with the same structure and different sizes.

Optionally, filling low magnetic permeability material between adjacent magnetic permeable channels is also included.

Optionally, it further includes: the value range of the ratio of the width of the trailing edge of the magnetically permeable arm to the width of the leading edge of the magnetically permeable arm is greater than or equal to 1.05 and less than or equal to 1.15.

Optionally, the center line of the magnetic conducting arm on the rear side of the rotation direction and the center line of the magnetic conducting arm on the leading side of the rotation direction are symmetrical about the quadrature axis.

Optionally, it also includes a hollow groove on the front side of the rotation direction of the quadrature axis corresponding to each magnetic pole of the rotor, filling the hollow groove with a low magnetic permeability material so that the width of the front edge of the magnetic permeable arm is narrowed .

Another aspect of the utility model provides a synchronous reluctance motor, which has the structure described in any one of the above, and the synchronous reluctance motor is a synchronous reluctance motor that rotates in one direction.

The technical solution of the utility model improves the uneven magnetic density of the front and rear magnetic conducting arms of the magnetic conducting channel, improves the torque output of the motor under the same input current, and improves the efficiency of the motor.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings described here are used to provide a further understanding of the utility model and constitute a part of the utility model. The schematic embodiments of the utility model and their descriptions are used to explain the utility model and do not constitute an improper limitation of the utility model . In the attached picture:

Fig. 1 is the punching structure schematic diagram of the asymmetrical rotor structure of the motor provided by the utility model;

Figure 2 is a graphical representation of the average value of the flux density at the front edge of the magnetic arm and the rear edge of the magnetic arm of the symmetrical rotor of a 4-pole motor as a function of time;

Figure 3 is a comparison diagram of the torque output curves of the symmetrical rotor and the asymmetrical rotor of the 4-pole motor;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between different width ratios of the asymmetric rotor structure of the motor provided by the present invention and corresponding to the salient pole ratio;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the stamping structure of the asymmetrical rotor structure of the motor provided by the utility model, which is provided with hollow grooves in the area on the front side of the rotation direction.

detailed description

In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the utility model clearer, the technical solution of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments of the utility model and corresponding drawings. Apparently, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present utility model.

It should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" in the specification and claims of the present utility model and the above drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, but not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence . It is to be understood that the data so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be practiced in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having", as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion.

On the one hand, the utility model provides an asymmetrical rotor structure of a motor. Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the stamping structure of the asymmetrical rotor structure of the motor provided by the utility model. The pictorial labels shown in Figure 1 are as follows: 1 is the magnetic conduction channel; 2 is the magnetic flux barrier; 3 is the shaft hole; 1-1 is the front edge of the magnetic conduction arm; 1-2 is the rear edge of the magnetic conduction arm; 1-3 5 is the front width of the magnetic arm (Wrf for short); 6 is the rear edge width of the magnetic arm (Wrb for short); 7 is the position of the maximum magnetic field; α is the pole arc angle of the magnetic channel; β is The angle between the front magnetic guide arm and the Q axis; the direct axis in the figure is the magnetic conduction direction, also known as the D axis; the orthogonal axis is the difficult magnetic conduction direction, also known as the Q axis.

As shown in Figure 1, the asymmetric rotor structure of the motor of the present invention includes: each magnetic pole of the rotor is provided with a magnetic conduction channel 1, and the magnetic conduction channel 1 includes a magnetic conduction arm; The widths of the magnetic conduction arms on both sides are different, and the width 6 of the rear edge 1-2 of the magnetic conduction arm is larger than the width 5 of the front edge 1-1 of the magnetic conduction arm; Direction rear along the magnetic conduction arm 1-2 of one side and the magnetic conduction arm 1-1 of rotation direction forward side; Described magnetic conduction arm rear edge width 6 is the width of the magnetic conduction arm of rotation direction rear edge one side, so The front width 5 of the magnetic permeable arm is the width of the magnetic permeable arm on the front side of the rotation direction.

According to an embodiment of the asymmetric rotor structure of the motor of the present invention, the magnetically conductive channel further includes a magnetically conductive bottom 1-3, the magnetically conductive arm 1-1 on the front side of the rotation direction and the magnetically conductive arm 1-1 on the rear side of the rotation direction. The magnetically conductive arm 1-2 along one side is connected by the magnetically conductive bottom 1-3, and the magnetically conductive channel of the magnetically conductive bottom 1-3 is gradually narrowed from the rear of the rotating direction to the front of the rotating direction; The magnetic arm is a magnetic conduction channel in a radial direction in the rotor, and the magnetic conduction bottom is a magnetic conduction channel in a tangential direction in the rotor. The magnetic conducting arm belongs to a part of the magnetic conducting channel, which is a magnetic conducting channel in a radial direction. The two arms are open outwards, one end is close to the outer circle of the rotor, and the other end is close to the magnetic conducting bottom. The magnetically permeable bottom is also a part of the magnetically permeable channel, which is a magnetically permeable channel in a tangential direction. The magnetically permeable bottom is used to connect two magnetically permeable arms in a tangential arrangement, and its two ends are respectively connected to magnetically permeable arms of different widths, so its width gradually changes, gradually widening from near the front edge of the rotation to the rear edge.

According to an embodiment of the asymmetric rotor structure of the electric motor of the present invention, each magnetic pole of the rotor is provided with more than two magnetic conduction channels 1 with the same structure and different sizes.

According to an embodiment of the asymmetric rotor structure of the electric motor of the present invention, it further includes filling low magnetic permeability substances between adjacent magnetic conduction channels.

Referring to Figure 1, the synchronous reluctance motor includes a stator and a rotor, both of which are axially laminated with magnetically conductive silicon steel sheets. The rotor is located inside the stator, fixed on the rotating shaft through the shaft hole 3, and freely rotates inside the stator. There are a plurality of hollow air slots on the rotor to form a magnetic flux barrier 2 . A plurality of flux barriers are stacked radially to form a magnetic pole. The motor has an even number of magnetic poles, such as 2, 4, 6 and so on. A magnetic conduction channel 1 is formed between the two air slots. The radial direction of the magnetic channel is defined as the magnetic arm, and the tangential direction is defined as the magnetic bottom. The magnetic conduction channel is the channel through which the magnetic flux needs to pass. On each pole of the rotor, there are multiple magnetic conduction channels with similar structures and different sizes stacked radially. A low-permeability material is filled between every two permeable channels to form a flux barrier (usually a hollowed-out air slot). In addition to the air barrier between adjacent magnetic channels, the magnetic flux barrier can also be filled with other low magnetic permeability materials, such as: aluminum, copper or plastic.

When the synchronous reluctance motor is running normally, the synthesized magnetic field needs to lead the D axis by an angle. Due to the unequal reluctance of the D-axis and the Q-axis, the magnetic force lines are twisted, and the torque is output by generating the reluctance effect. Ideally, the equivalent magnetic field passes through the D axis, and the magnetic flux component passing through the Q axis is 0. At this time, the torque output is the largest, and all the magnetic force lines are effectively used. However, the relative permeability value of the magnetic permeable material is usually non-linear, and the ratio is not large, so the existence of magnetic flux leakage is inevitable. However, the leakage reactance can be reduced by increasing the proportion of low magnetic permeability substances such as air on the D-axis magnetic circuit. Fig. 2 is a graphical representation of the average value of flux density at the leading edge of the magnetic conducting arm and the trailing edge of the magnetic conducting arm of a symmetrical rotor of a 4-pole motor as a function of time. As shown in Figure 2, under the basic premise of satisfying the D-axis magnetic conduction, the magnetic circuit is asymmetrical about the D-axis because the magnetic circuit is ahead of the D-axis and the reluctance is different. In the magnetic conduction channel, from the average magnetic In terms of density, the front edge magnetic density of the magnetic conducting arm is smaller than the trailing magnetic density of the magnetic conducting arm. The dotted line in Fig. 2 shows the magnetic density at the front edge of the magnetic conducting arm (referred to as the leading magnetic conducting arm); the solid line shows the magnetic density at the rear edge of the magnetic conducting arm (referred to as the rear magnetic conducting arm).

Therefore, on the basis of the original symmetrical design (that is, the symmetrical structure of the prior art), keep the rear edge size Wrb basically unchanged, reduce the front edge size Wrf appropriately, and calculate the average magnetic density on the two magnetic conducting arms , so that the two values are equivalent. According to the above principles, the asymmetric magnetic arm structure is designed to adapt to the characteristics of the reluctance motor.

According to an embodiment of the asymmetric rotor structure of the motor of the present invention, the center line of the magnetic conduction arm on the rear side of the rotation direction and the center line of the magnetic conduction arm on the front side of the rotation direction are symmetrical about the quadrature axis . More precisely, the opening angle of each magnetic channel is defined by the pole arc, then the points where the center line of the magnetic arm intersects with the outer contour of the rotor are taken as two measurement points. Measure its opening angle from the center of the circle. As shown in Figure 1, compared with the symmetrical structure of the prior art, only the width of the front and rear magnetic conducting arms is changed, and the opening angle of the magnetic conducting arms relative to the original symmetrical design remains unchanged. In Fig. 1, α is the pole arc angle of the magnetic conduction channel, and β is the angle between the leading magnetic conduction arm and the Q axis, namely: α=2β.

Through the above structural design, from the perspective of the D-axis, the D-axis magnetic flux is basically unchanged due to the magnetic density at the original saturation position, so the magnetic flux in the D-axis direction is basically unchanged; from the Q-axis direction, due to the front edge of the magnetic arm becomes narrower, so its flux barrier becomes wider. Equivalently, the reluctance on the Q-axis path increases, so the leakage flux decreases. The salient pole ratio of the synchronous reluctance motor is improved through the above asymmetric structure design.

Fig. 3 is a comparative illustration of the torque output curves of the symmetrical rotor and the asymmetrical rotor of a 4-pole motor. Shown in dotted line in Fig. 3 is the torque output curve of the symmetrical structure motor (abbreviation symmetrical scheme) of prior art; Shown in solid line is the torque output curve of the asymmetric structure motor (abbreviation asymmetric scheme) that the utility model provides . It can be seen from the comparison curve shown in Figure 3 that the technical solution of the utility model significantly improves the torque output of the motor through the asymmetric design of the rotor structure, so that the motor has a greater torque output under the same current input, In other words, the motor is more efficient.

According to an embodiment of the asymmetric rotor structure of the motor of the present invention, it further includes: the range of the ratio of the width of the trailing edge of the magnetic conducting arm to the width of the leading edge of the magnetic conducting arm is greater than or equal to 1.05 and less than or equal to 1.15. Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between different width ratios of the asymmetric rotor structure of the motor provided by the utility model and corresponding to the salient pole ratio. The ratio, that is, the value of Wrb/Wrf. The value of Wrf cannot be too small, otherwise it will cause magnetic circuit saturation, which will have the opposite effect, and the uniformity of magnetic circuit saturation shall prevail. As shown in Figure 4, as Wrb/Wrf increases from small to large, the corresponding salient pole ratio increases at first, and a better effect is achieved when the value of Wrb/Wrf is around 1.1 (the maximum salient pole ratio ); and as the value continues to increase, the front edge of the magnetic arm becomes a new flux bottleneck due to excessive thinning and serious saturation, which seriously affects the D-axis flux, making the reduction of the Q-axis inductance insufficient to compensate for the D The decrease of the shaft inductance shows the decrease of the saliency ratio, and the speed of the decrease trend is increasing. Considering various situations comprehensively, the value is usually 1.05≤Wrb/Wrf≤1.15.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the stamping structure of the asymmetrical rotor structure of the motor provided by the present invention, which is provided with hollow grooves in the area on the front side of the rotation direction. The number 4 in Fig. 5 represents the hollow grooves. According to an embodiment of the asymmetric rotor structure of the motor of the present invention, it also includes a hollow groove 4 in the area on the front side of the rotation direction of the quadrature axis corresponding to each magnetic pole of the rotor, and the hollow groove 4 is filled with Low magnetic permeability material to narrow the front width of the magnetic arm. The technical solution provided by the utility model is based on the asymmetric design of two magnetic conduction channel arms, wherein the front edge of the rotation direction is narrow, the rear edge of the rotation direction is wide, and the magnetic conduction bottom in the middle is transitional. In another embodiment, the narrowness of the front edge of the magnetic conducting arm can also be obtained by directly removing the materials on both sides, which can be obtained by hollowing out slits in the magnetic conducting arm, and filling the hollowed out slots with low magnetic permeability substances, Substances with low magnetic permeability include air, aluminum, copper or plastic, etc. This method is equivalent to the narrowing of the leading edge of the magnetic conductive arm, which has the effect of uniform magnetic density and reduced Q-axis inductance, which is different from the aforementioned asymmetric structure implementation Compared with it, its beneficial effect is the same.

Another aspect of the utility model provides a synchronous reluctance motor, which has the structure described in any one of the above, and the synchronous reluctance motor is a synchronous reluctance motor that rotates in one direction. The technical solution provided by the utility model is suitable for a synchronous reluctance motor with one-way rotation. Its asymmetric structural design will have the opposite effect if it is rotated in the opposite direction.

The technical solution of the utility model improves the uneven magnetic density of the front and rear magnetic conducting arms of the magnetic conducting channel, improves the torque output of the motor under the same input current, and improves the efficiency of the motor.

The above descriptions are only the embodiments of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the present utility model. For those skilled in the art, the present utility model can have various modifications and changes. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model shall be included within the scope of the claims of the present utility model.

Claims (8)

1. A kind of 1. asymmetric rotor structure of motor, it is characterised in that including：

   Each magnetic pole of rotor is provided with magnetic conduction passage, and the magnetic conduction passage includes magnetic conduction arm；

   The width of the magnetic conduction arm positioned at quadrature axis both sides of the magnetic conduction passage is different, and after magnetic conduction arm along width than magnetic conduction arm Front porch width is big；

   The magnetic conduction arm positioned at quadrature axis both sides includes the magnetic conduction arm behind direction of rotation along side and direction of rotation forward position one The magnetic conduction arm of side；

   After being direction of rotation along width after the magnetic conduction arm along side magnetic conduction arm width, the magnetic conduction arm front porch width be rotation Turn the width of the magnetic conduction arm of direction forward position side.
2. 2. structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the magnetic conduction passage also includes magnetic conduction bottom, the rotation The magnetic conduction arm of direction forward position side is connected with the magnetic conduction arm behind the direction of rotation along side by the magnetic conduction bottom, described The magnetic conduction passage of magnetic conduction bottom is become narrow gradually from edge behind direction of rotation to direction of rotation forward position；It is in footpath in rotor that the magnetic conduction arm, which is, To the magnetic conduction passage in direction, the magnetic conduction bottom is in the magnetic conduction passage of tangential direction in rotor.
3. 3. structure according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that each magnetic pole also including rotor be provided with two with Identical, the of different sizes magnetic conduction passage of upper structure.
4. 4. structure according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that be additionally included between the adjacent magnetic conduction passage and fill out Fill low magnetic conductive substance.
5. 5. structure according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that also include：Led after the magnetic conduction arm along width with described The span of the ratio of magnetic arm front porch width is more than or equal to 1.05 and less than or equal to 1.15.
6. 6. structure according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that behind the direction of rotation along the magnetic conduction arm of side The center line of heart line and the magnetic conduction arm of direction of rotation forward position side is symmetrical on quadrature axis.
7. 7. structure according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that be additionally included in quadrature axis corresponding with each magnetic pole of rotor The region of direction of rotation forward position side be provided with hollow slots, low magnetic conductive substance is filled in the hollow slots, so that magnetic conduction arm Front porch width narrows.
8. A kind of 8. synchronous magnetic resistance motor, it is characterised in that there is the structure as any one of claim 1-7, it is described same Walk the synchronous magnetic resistance motor that reluctance motor is single direction rotation.