CN206302841U - A kind of tree root underground observation structure - Google Patents
A kind of tree root underground observation structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN206302841U CN206302841U CN201621458250.0U CN201621458250U CN206302841U CN 206302841 U CN206302841 U CN 206302841U CN 201621458250 U CN201621458250 U CN 201621458250U CN 206302841 U CN206302841 U CN 206302841U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a kind of tree root underground observation structure.The observation structure includes reinforced concrete beds, cement mortar bedding cushion, Shu Chi, observation window and shading and insulating layer；Tree pond is open-topped structure, and Shu Chi sides are provided with observation window, and observation window outside is observation passage；Observation window outside is provided with shading and insulating layer；Reinforced concrete beds, cement mortar bedding cushion and Shu Chi are followed successively by from down to up；The inside for setting pond is sequentially provided with cement mortar draining inclined-plane, pumping equipment and filter layer from the bottom to top；Cement mortar draining inclined-plane is arranged on the bottom in tree pond, and the upper surface on cement mortar draining inclined-plane is provided with rhone, and the pumping equipment is arranged in rhone, and the liquid after being filtered through filter layer is discharged by pumping equipment.The utility model can be directly entered underground observation tree root growth course, can carry out non-destructive in-situ observation, and influence of the installation site to observed result can be eliminated again, and observed result is accurate.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to ecological technique field, more particularly to a kind of tree root underground observation structure.
Background technology
Under field conditions (factors), root system of plant should not be observed directly, to the research of root system no matter in range or in depth
Aerial part is lagged behind significantly.For xylophyta, Root Distribution is deeper, and traditional detection method is more numerous
It is trivial, not only time and effort consuming but also soil environment and root system of plant can be destroyed, also suffer from soil sample volume and upper soll layer state
Limitation.
The mini-rhizotron method for occurring in recent years is a kind of non-destructive, fixed point directly observation and the method for studying root system, is made up
The deficiency of conventional method, can observe radicula dynamic change, intuitively obtain the indexs such as radicula length, density.But micro-
Tube method there is also some shortcomings, such as：Root system determines situation to be influenceed by pipe, the installation of mini-rhizotron can change mini-rhizotron and
The microenvironment of Soil Interface, stimulates tube wall root system hyperplasia etc..
Utility model content
In view of the problems of prior art, the utility model offer a kind of tree root underground observation structure and construction
Method and application method, can be directly entered underground observation tree root growth course, can carry out non-destructive in-situ observation, and
Influence of the installation site to observed result can be eliminated, with the accurate advantage of observed result.
The technical scheme that the utility model solves above-mentioned technical problem is as follows：
A kind of tree root underground observation structure includes：Reinforced concrete beds, cement mortar bedding cushion, Shu Chi, observation window
And shading and insulating layer；
The tree pond is open-topped structure, and the side for setting pond is provided with observation window, and the outside of the observation window is observation
Passage；Shading and insulating layer is provided with the outside of the observation window；
Reinforced concrete beds and cement mortar bedding cushion are respectively positioned on tree pond lower section, and reinforced concrete soil is followed successively by from down to up
Base, cement mortar bedding cushion and Shu Chi；
The inside for setting pond is sequentially provided with cement mortar draining inclined-plane, pumping equipment and filter layer from the bottom to top；Cement mortar
Draining inclined-plane is arranged on the bottom in tree pond, and the upper surface on cement mortar draining inclined-plane is provided with rhone, and the pumping equipment is installed
In rhone, filter layer is covered on the cement mortar draining inclined-plane and pumping equipment, the liquid after being filtered through filter layer
Discharged by pumping equipment.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are：
The effect for setting pond is will to completely cut off and come inside and outside tree pond, tree pond is internally formed a separate space, and observation window sets
Putting can carry out root system and directly observe；Pumping equipment is used to that excessive moisture filtering in pond, and discharge tree pond in time will to be set, and prevents tree
Pond internal water accumulation；The setting major function of shading and insulating layer is shading insulation, and the subsurface temperature of trees root growth is simulated as far as possible
And photoenvironment, the growth of root system can be made closer to nature, the result of observation is more accurate.
Tree root underground described in the utility model observation structure can realize the function of following several respects：1. analog tree
The subsurface temperature of wooden root growth, photoenvironment；2. the upgrowth situation of root system is directly observed from underground.Due to tree other three faces of pond
Soil surround, while underground observation window is in unmanned observation, in closed state, so the soil moisture and Soil Surrounding in tree pond
Temperature is consistent, and is kept at root system in dark growing environment in the non-viewing time.This facility can periodically carry out the straight of root system
Observation is connect, it is directly perceived to understand root growth situation, in combination with the electronically of modernization, obtain root growth dynamic process.This
Tree root underground observation structure described in utility model can be directly entered underground observation tree root growth course, can carry out
Non-destructive in-situ observation, can eliminate influence of the installation site to observed result again, with the accurate advantage of observed result.
Further, the tree pond is square structure, and observation window is arranged on one of side in tree pond, sets the material in pond
It is armored concrete.
Using having the beneficial effect that for such scheme：It is easy to build and later maintenance using the structure of box.It is mixed using reinforcing bar
Solidifying soil material has the advantages that durable, crushing resistance is strong.
Further, the shading and insulating layer is soft black shading and insulating layer.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are：The soft black shading and insulating layer of transparent organic glass window forward mounting, this part
Major function be shading insulation, as far as possible simulate trees root growth subsurface temperature and photoenvironment.Simultaneously as being soft
Property material, can open, and facilitate scientific research personnel to carry out root system observation.
Further, the observation window includes framework and polylith transparent organic glass, and the transparent organic glass is arranged on frame
On frame, transparent organic glass is fixed on framework using steel plate, framework is steelframe.
Further, the specification of transparent organic glass is no more than 1m × 1m, and the thickness of transparent organic glass is not less than 10mm；
Steelframe thickness is not less than 10cm, and the bottom surface of reinforced concrete structure and the thickness of side wall for setting pond are not less than 20cm.
Beneficial effect using such scheme is：Consider the load-bearing problem of transparent organic glass, set using above
Put, total more firm and durable can be made.
Further, the inside of tree root underground observation structure is integrally set using waterproof.
Beneficial effect using such scheme is：Prevent tree pond internal moisture from outflowing, make the unnecessary moisture can only be from draining
Facility flows out.
Further, the bottom in the tree pond is plane, cement mortar draining inclined-plane be both sides middle part high it is low and high below before
The low double inclined plane in face；Rhone outlet is located at the minimum point of double inclined plane；The pumping equipment is drainpipe, the drainpipe cloth
Multiple osculums are provided with, the liquid after being filtered through filter layer is entered into pumping equipment by osculum, the water outlet of pumping equipment
Mouth stretches out from tree bottom of pond portion.
Take having the beneficial effect that for such scheme：Be conducive to abundant draining.
Further, the filter layer is made up of fine sand layer, coarse sands layer and gravel layer successively from top to bottom；The fine sand layer is
5-10cm thick particle diameter is the fine sand of 0.25-0.35mm；The coarse sands layer is that 5-10cm thickness particle diameters are the gravel of 1-3mm；It is described
Gravel layer is that 5-20cm thickness particle diameters are the gravel of 0.5-2cm.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are：With good filtration effect, good water permeability, prevent drainage arrangement blocking etc. excellent
Point.
The utility model also provides a kind of method of construction of above-mentioned tree root underground observation structure, comprises the following steps：
1) cut the earth and cheat, and reserved observation passage；In one end inlet porting of observation passage；
2) reinforced concrete beds are beaten in the bottom of heatable adobe sleeping platform；
3) cement mortar bedding cushion is laid on reinforced concrete beds；
4) with concreting tree pond on the cement mortar bedding cushion of laying, tree pond includes integrally formed bottom surface and side
Wall, sets the open top in pond, and the side wall in tree pond is provided with the observation window for observing；
5) on tree pond inner bottom surface laying cement mortar draining inclined-plane, row is set in the upper surface on cement mortar draining inclined-plane
Tank, sets pumping equipment in rhone；Filtering is laid on the top of pumping equipment and whole cement mortar draining inclined-plane
Layer.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are：
The tree root underground observation structure built using above-mentioned method of construction, can be directly entered underground observation tree root
It is growth course, non-destructive in-situ observation can be carried out, influence of the installation site to observed result can be eliminated again, is tied with observation
Really accurate, durable the advantages of.
Further, it is additionally included in step 5) after, to the water-proofing treatment step of tree root underground observation structure.
The utility model also provides a kind of application method of above-mentioned tree root underground observation structure, comprises the following steps：
When transplanting root system grows to observation window position, start periodic observation, take pictures and electronization；According to root growth speed, if
Determine observing frequency；The method for following the trail of description during observation using root system, i.e., describe the root growth track for observing with color paint pen
And growth length, and determine every growth length of root system in a week for observing with slide measure；Monthly taken a picture using high definition
Machine carries out an IMAQ for root growth track, and the root growth track of manual delineation carries out electronics on window according to the observation
Change, obtain root growth dynamic process figure；When taking pictures, fixed position setting area is 1cm on transparent organic glass observation window2
Calibration areas, the calibration for carrying out picture when Pictures Electronics are carried out in the later stage.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are：Underground observation tree root can be directly entered using above-mentioned observation procedure
Growth course, can carry out non-destructive in-situ observation, influence of the installation site to observed result can be eliminated again, with observed result
Accurately, durable the advantages of.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the top view of tree root underground described in the utility model observation structure；
Fig. 2 is sectional view (reinforced concrete beds and the cement mortar of the utility model tree root underground observation structure
Bed course is simultaneously not drawn into)；
Fig. 3 is the side view of the utility model tree root underground observation structure；
Fig. 4 is the result figure observed Chinese pine root system using tree root underground described in the utility model observation structure.
Fig. 5 is the result figure observed ginkgo root system using tree root underground described in the utility model observation structure.
In accompanying drawing, the list of parts representated by each label is as follows：
1st, Shu Chi, 2, observation window, 21, framework, 22, transparent organic glass, 3, pumping equipment, 4, filter layer, 5, shading protects
Warm layer, 6, observation passage, 7, entrance, 8, cement mortar draining inclined-plane.
Specific embodiment
Principle of the present utility model and feature are described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, example is served only for explaining this practicality
It is new, it is not intended to limit scope of the present utility model.
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, a kind of tree root underground observation structure includes：Reinforced concrete beds, cement mortar pad
Layer, tree pond 1, observation window 2 and shading and insulating layer 5；
The tree pond 1 is open-topped structure, and the side for setting pond 1 is provided with observation window 2, and the outside of the observation window 2 is
Observation passage 6；The outside of the observation window 2 is provided with shading and insulating layer 5, and in specific setting, the shading and insulating layer 5 is soft
Black shading and insulating layer 5；
Reinforced concrete beds and cement mortar bedding cushion are respectively positioned on the lower section of tree pond 1, and armored concrete is followed successively by from down to up
Ground, cement mortar bedding cushion and tree pond 1；
The inside for setting pond 1 is sequentially provided with cement mortar draining inclined-plane 8, pumping equipment 3 and filter layer 4 from the bottom to top；Cement
Mortar draining inclined-plane 8 is arranged on the bottom in tree pond 1, and the upper surface on cement mortar draining inclined-plane 8 is provided with rhone, and the draining sets
Apply 3 to be arranged in rhone, filter layer 4 is covered on the cement mortar draining inclined-plane 8 and pumping equipment 3, through filter layer mistake
Liquid after filter is discharged by pumping equipment 3.
In specific setting, the tree pond 1 is square structure, and observation window 2 is arranged on one of side in tree pond 1,
The material for setting pond 1 is armored concrete.
The observation window 2 includes framework 21 and polylith transparent organic glass 22, and the transparent organic glass 22 is arranged on frame
On frame 21, it is fixed on framework using steel plate, framework 21 is steelframe；The specification of transparent organic glass 22 be no more than 1m ×
1m, the thickness of transparent organic glass 22 is not less than 10mm；The steelframe thickness of steel frame construction is not less than 10cm, and the reinforcing bar for setting pond 1 is mixed
The bottom surface of Xtah Crude Clay structure and the thickness of side wall are not less than 20cm.
In order to prevent tree pond internal moisture from outflowing, the inside of tree root underground observation structure is integrally set using waterproof.
The bottom in the tree pond 1 is plane, cement mortar draining inclined-plane be both sides middle part high it is low and high below before it is low
Double inclined plane；Rhone outlet is located at the minimum point of double inclined plane；The pumping equipment 3 is drainpipe, and the drainpipe is laid with
Multiple osculums, the liquid after being filtered through filter layer is entered into pumping equipment 3 by osculum, the delivery port of pumping equipment 3
Stretched out from the tree bottom of pond 1.
The filter layer 4 is made up of fine sand layer, coarse sands layer and gravel layer successively from top to bottom；The fine sand layer is 5-10cm
Thick particle diameter is the fine sand of 0.25-0.35mm；The coarse sands layer is that 5-10cm thickness particle diameters are the gravel of 1-3mm；The gravel layer
For 5-20cm thickness particle diameters are the gravel of 0.5-2cm.
The method of construction of above-mentioned tree root underground observation structure, comprises the following steps：
1) cut the earth and cheat, and reserved observation passage 6；In one end inlet porting of observation passage 6；
2) reinforced concrete beds are beaten in the bottom of heatable adobe sleeping platform；
3) cement mortar bedding cushion is laid on reinforced concrete beds；
4) tree pond 1 is poured on the cement mortar bedding cushion of laying, tree pond 1 includes bottom surface and side wall, sets the open top in pond,
The side wall in tree pond is provided with the observation window 2 for observing；The armored concrete that the bottom surface and side wall for setting pond are formed in one is poured and built up
Structure；
5) on tree pond inner bottom surface laying cement mortar draining inclined-plane, row is set in the upper surface on cement mortar draining inclined-plane
Tank, sets pumping equipment 3 in rhone；Laid on the top of pumping equipment 3 and whole cement mortar draining inclined-plane 8
Filtering layer 4.
In above-mentioned steps, step 5 is additionally included in) after, to the water-proofing treatment step of tree root underground observation structure.
The application method of above-mentioned tree root underground observation structure, comprises the following steps：Treat that transplanting root system grows to sight
When examining 2 position of window, start periodic observation, take pictures and electronization；According to root growth speed, observing frequency is set；Adopted during observation
The method described is followed the trail of with root system, i.e., describes the root growth track and growth length for observing with color paint pen, and use vernier
Slide calliper rule determine every growth length of root system in a week for observing；Monthly a root growth rail is carried out using high definition camera
The IMAQ of mark, the root growth track of manual delineation carries out electronization on window 2 according to the observation, obtains root growth dynamic mistake
Cheng Tu；When taking pictures, fixed position setting area is 1cm on transparent organic glass observation window 22Calibration areas, in the later stage
Carried out during Pictures Electronics the calibration of picture.
The underground Shu Chi of a kind of Observable tree root upgrowth situation that the utility model is built, it is possible to achieve following
The function of aspect：1. subsurface temperature, the photoenvironment of trees root growth are simulated；2. the growth shape of root system is directly observed from underground
Condition.Because the tree face of pond three is surround by soil, while underground observation window is in unmanned observation, in closed state, so in tree pond
The soil moisture is consistent with Soil Surrounding temperature, and is kept at root system in dark growing environment in the non-viewing time.This facility can
It is directly perceived to understand root growth situation periodically to carry out the direct observation of root system, in combination with the electronically of modernization, obtain root
It is Growth trends process.
It is specifically introduced below by some specific embodiments.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, a kind of tree root underground observation structure, including：Reinforced concrete beds, cement mortar
Bed course, tree pond 1, observation window 2 and shading and insulating layer 5；
The tree pond 1 is open-topped box structure, and the one of side wall for setting pond 1 is provided with observation window 2, the observation
The outside of window 2 is observation passage 6；The outside of the observation window 2 is provided with shading and insulating layer 5, and the shading and insulating layer 5 is soft black
Color shading and insulating layer 5, other side walls and bottom surface for setting pond 1 are reinforced concrete structure；
Reinforced concrete beds and cement mortar bedding cushion are respectively positioned on the lower section of tree pond 1, and armored concrete is followed successively by from down to up
Ground, cement mortar bedding cushion and tree pond 1；
The inside for setting pond 1 is sequentially provided with cement mortar draining inclined-plane 8, pumping equipment 3 and filter layer 4 from the bottom to top；Cement
Mortar draining inclined-plane 8 is arranged on the bottom in tree pond 1, and the upper surface on cement mortar draining inclined-plane 8 is provided with rhone, and the draining sets
Apply 3 to be arranged in rhone, filter layer 4 is covered on the cement mortar draining inclined-plane 8 and pumping equipment 3, through filter layer mistake
Liquid after filter is discharged by pumping equipment 3.
The observation window 2 includes framework 21 and polylith transparent organic glass 22, and the transparent organic glass 22 is arranged on frame
On frame 21, it is fixed on framework using steel plate, framework 21 is steelframe.In specific setting, the rule of transparent organic glass 22
Lattice are no more than 1m × 1m, and the thickness of transparent organic glass 22 is not less than 10mm；Steelframe thickness is not less than 10cm, sets the steel in pond 1
The bottom surface of tendon concrete structure and the thickness of side wall are not less than 20cm.
In order to prevent tree pond internal moisture from outflowing, the inside of tree root underground observation structure is set using waterproof.
The bottom in the tree pond 1 is plane, cement mortar draining inclined-plane be both sides middle part high it is low and high below before it is low
Double inclined plane；Rhone outlet is located at the minimum point of double inclined plane；The pumping equipment 3 is drainpipe, and the drainpipe is laid with
Multiple osculums, the liquid after being filtered through filter layer is entered into pumping equipment 3 by osculum, the delivery port of pumping equipment 3
Stretched out from tree pond 1.
The filter layer 4 is made up of fine sand layer, coarse sands layer and gravel layer successively from top to bottom.It is described in specific setting
Fine sand layer is that the thick particle diameters of 5-10cm are the fine sand of 0.25-0.35mm；The coarse sands layer is that 5-10cm thickness particle diameters are the sand of 1-3mm
Gravel；The gravel layer is that 5-20cm thickness particle diameters are the gravel of 0.5-2cm.
The function of the structure of the utility model each several part is as follows：
The tree pond 1 of armored concrete material：This part major function is will to completely cut off to come inside and outside tree pond, makes tree pond inside shape
Into a separate space.
The major function of observation window 2 is to carry out root system directly to observe.
The major function of filter layer 4 and pumping equipment 3 is to filter excessive moisture in tree pond, and discharge tree pond in time, is prevented
Only set pond internal water accumulation.
The major function of shading and insulating layer 5 is shading insulation, and the subsurface temperature and light of trees root growth are simulated as far as possible
According to environment.Simultaneously as using flexible material, can open, scientific research personnel is facilitated to carry out root system observation.
The method of construction and observation procedure of above-mentioned tree root underground observation structure, comprise the following steps：
1. excavate.The heatable adobe sleeping platform that depth is not less than 3 meters, and reserved observation passage 6, underground observation are dug out according to the tree size of pond 1
The grade affiliated facility of entrance 7 of passage.Observation passage 6 is that passage is observed in underground.Observation passage 6 is located at transparent organic glass sightingpiston
Front, the entrance 7 for observing passage is located at one end of observation passage 6.
2. lay the foundations.Reinforced concrete beds are beaten in the bottom of heatable adobe sleeping platform, with weight-bearing function, it is ensured that installation security.
3. matting layer.Cement mortar bedding cushion is laid on reinforced concrete beds.
4. pouring reinforcement concrete tree pond.The pouring reinforcement concrete tree bottom of pond face and three on the cement mortar bedding cushion of laying
Face thickness is not less than the Reinforced Concrete Trees pool wall of 20cm, and the bottom surface and side wall for setting the pond armored concrete that is formed in one are poured.
Reserve one side and organic glass observation window is installed.
5. cement mortar draining inclined-plane 8 is laid above the bottom surface inside tree pond, set on cement mortar draining inclined-plane 8
Rhone, sets pumping equipment 3 in rhone；Filter layer 4 is laid on the top of pumping equipment 3, it is ensured that bottom excessive moisture
Collect and enter rhone.Cement mortar inclined-plane is double inclined plane, by rear to preceding close observation window to be in preceding 3% gradient, so that draining
Facility is also inclined in 3%, and outlet port is located at tree pond bottom surface nadir, is beneficial to abundant draining.
6. transparent organic glass observation window is installed.One side in the reserved tree pond not poured is installed transparent organic glass and is seen
Examine window.Observation window includes framework 21 and polylith transparent organic glass 22, and the transparent organic glass 22 is arranged on outside framework 21, profit
It is fixed on framework with steel plate, framework 21 is steelframe.In view of the load-bearing sex chromosome mosaicism of transparent organic glass, will be transparent organic
Glass is divided into the no more than square of 1m × 1m, the angle steel for being not less than 10cm with thickness to build steelframe, then is installed on steelframe saturating
Bright lucite.Transparent organic glass thickness is not less than 10mm.
7. brush underwater paint.Steelframe and Reinforced Concrete Trees on cement mortar tree pond inwall, transparent organic glass observation window
The position such as joining place of pond joining place, steelframe and transparent organic glass brush underwater paint, prevents tree pond internal moisture from outflowing.
8. observe.When transplanting root system grows to transparent organic glass observation window position, start periodic observation, take pictures simultaneously
Electronization.According to root growth speed, observing frequency is set.Suggestion observing frequency is weekly.Chased after using root system during observation
The method that track is described, i.e., describe the root growth track and growth length for observing, and determined with slide measure with color paint pen
Every growth length of root system in a week for observing.Monthly an image for root growth track is carried out using high definition camera
Collection, the root growth track according to manual delineation on transparent organic glass window carries out electronization, obtains root growth dynamic mistake
Cheng Tu.Fixed position setting area is 1cm on transparent organic glass observation window when taking pictures2Calibration areas, to enter in the later stage
The calibration of picture is carried out during row Pictures Electronics.As shown in figure 4, Fig. 4 is the Chinese pine root growth described with color paint pen tracking
Track.From figure, the growth track of Chinese pine root system can clearly and be accurately observed.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, a kind of tree root underground observation structure, including：Reinforced concrete beds, cement mortar
Bed course, tree pond 1, observation window 2 and shading and insulating layer 5；
The tree pond 1 is open-topped box structure, and the one of side wall for setting pond 1 is provided with observation window 2, the observation
The outside of window 2 is observation passage 6；The outside of the observation window 2 is provided with shading and insulating layer 5, and the shading and insulating layer 5 is soft black
Color shading and insulating layer 5, other side walls and bottom surface for setting pond 1 are reinforced concrete structure；
Reinforced concrete beds and cement mortar bedding cushion are respectively positioned on the lower section of tree pond 1, and armored concrete is followed successively by from down to up
Ground, cement mortar bedding cushion and tree pond 1；
The inside for setting pond 1 is sequentially provided with cement mortar draining inclined-plane 8, pumping equipment 3 and filter layer 4 from the bottom to top；Cement
Mortar draining inclined-plane 8 is arranged on the bottom in tree pond 1, and the upper surface on cement mortar draining inclined-plane 8 is provided with rhone, and the draining sets
Apply 3 to be arranged in rhone, filter layer 4 is covered on the cement mortar draining inclined-plane 8 and pumping equipment 3, through filter layer mistake
Liquid after filter is discharged by pumping equipment 3.
The observation window 2 includes framework 21 and polylith transparent organic glass 22, and the transparent organic glass 22 is arranged on frame
Outside frame 21, it is fixed on framework using steel plate, framework 21 is steelframe.In specific setting, the rule of transparent organic glass 22
Lattice are no more than 1m × 1m, and the thickness of transparent organic glass 22 is not less than 10mm；Steelframe thickness is not less than 10cm, sets the steel in pond 1
The thickness of the side wall of tendon concrete structure is not less than 20cm.
In order to prevent tree pond internal moisture from outflowing, the inside of tree root underground observation structure is set using waterproof.
The bottom in the tree pond 1 is plane, cement mortar draining inclined-plane be both sides middle part high it is low and high below before it is low
Double inclined plane；Rhone outlet is located at the minimum point of double inclined plane；The pumping equipment 3 is drainpipe, and the drainpipe is laid with
Multiple osculums, the liquid after being filtered through filter layer is entered into pumping equipment 3 by osculum, the delivery port of pumping equipment 3
Stretched out from tree pond 1.
The filter layer 4 is made up of fine sand layer, coarse sands layer and gravel layer successively from top to bottom.It is described in specific setting
Fine sand layer is the fine sand that the thick particle diameters of 5~10cm are 0.25~0.35mm；The coarse sands layer is that 5~10cm thickness particle diameters are 1~3mm
Gravel；The gravel layer is the gravel that 5~20cm thickness particle diameters are 0.5~2cm.
The function of the structure of the utility model each several part is as follows：
The tree pond 1 of armored concrete material：This part major function is will to completely cut off to come inside and outside tree pond, makes tree pond inside shape
Into a separate space.
The major function of observation window 2 is to carry out root system directly to observe.
The major function of filter layer 4 and pumping equipment 3 is to filter excessive moisture in tree pond, and discharge tree pond in time, is prevented
Only set pond internal water accumulation.
The major function of shading and insulating layer 5 is shading insulation, and the subsurface temperature and light of trees root growth are simulated as far as possible
According to environment.Simultaneously as using flexible material, can open, scientific research personnel is facilitated to carry out root system observation.
The method of construction and observation procedure of above-mentioned tree root underground observation structure, comprise the following steps：
1. excavate.The heatable adobe sleeping platform that depth is not less than 3 meters, and reserved observation passage 6, underground observation are dug out according to the tree size of pond 1
The grade affiliated facility of entrance 7 of passage.Observation passage 6 is that passage is observed in underground.Observation passage 6 is located at transparent organic glass sightingpiston
Front, the entrance 7 for observing passage is located at one end of observation passage 6.
2. lay the foundations.Reinforced concrete beds are beaten in the bottom of heatable adobe sleeping platform, with weight-bearing function, it is ensured that installation security.
3. matting layer.Cement mortar bedding cushion is laid on reinforced concrete beds.
4. pouring reinforcement concrete tree pond.The pouring reinforcement concrete tree bottom of pond face and three on the cement mortar bedding cushion of laying
Face thickness is not less than the concrete tree pool wall of 20cm, and the bottom surface and side wall for setting pond are formed in one what armored concrete was poured
Structure.Reserve one side and transparent organic glass observation window is installed.
5. cement mortar draining inclined-plane 8 is laid above the bottom surface inside tree pond, set on cement mortar draining inclined-plane 8
Rhone, sets pumping equipment 3 in rhone；Laid on the top of pumping equipment 3 and whole cement mortar draining inclined-plane 8
Filter layer 4, it is ensured that bottom excessive moisture collects and enters rhone.Cement mortar inclined-plane be double inclined plane, by it is rear to preceding be in 3% slope
Degree, so that pumping equipment is also inclined in 3%, outlet port is located at tree pond bottom surface nadir, is beneficial to abundant draining.
6. organic glass observation window is installed.One side in the reserved tree pond not poured installs transparent organic glass observation
Window.Observation window includes framework 21 and polylith transparent organic glass 22, and the transparent organic glass 22 is arranged on outside framework 21, is utilized
Steel plate is fixed on framework, and framework 21 is steelframe.In view of the load-bearing sex chromosome mosaicism of transparent organic glass, by transparent organic glass
Glass is divided into the no more than square of 1m × 1m, the angle steel for being not less than 10cm with thickness to build steelframe, then is installed on steelframe transparent
Lucite.Transparent organic glass thickness is not less than 10mm.
7. brush underwater paint.Steelframe and Reinforced Concrete Trees on cement mortar tree pond inwall, transparent organic glass observation window
The position such as joining place of pond joining place, steelframe and transparent organic glass brush underwater paint, prevents tree pond internal moisture from outflowing.
8. observe.When transplanting root system grows to transparent organic glass observation window position, start periodic observation, take pictures simultaneously
Electronization.According to root growth speed, observing frequency is set.Suggestion observing frequency is weekly.Chased after using root system during observation
The method that track is described, i.e., describe the root growth track and growth length for observing, and determined with slide measure with color paint pen
Every growth length of root system in a week for observing.Monthly an image for root growth track is carried out using high definition camera
Collection, the root growth track according to manual delineation on transparent organic glass window carries out electronization, obtains root growth dynamic mistake
Cheng Tu.Fixed position setting area is 1cm on transparent organic glass observation window when taking pictures2Calibration areas, to enter in the later stage
The calibration of picture is carried out during row Pictures Electronics.As shown in figure 5, Fig. 5 is the life of the ginkgo root system described with color paint pen tracking
Track long.From Fig. 5, the growth track of the root system of ginkgo can clearly and be accurately observed.
Preferred embodiment of the present utility model is the foregoing is only, is not used to limit the utility model, it is all in this practicality
Within new spirit and principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc. should be included in guarantor of the present utility model
Within the scope of shield.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of tree root underground observation structure, it is characterised in that including：Reinforced concrete beds, cement mortar bedding cushion, tree
Pond (1), observation window (2) and shading and insulating layer (5)；
The tree pond (1) is open-topped structure, and the side for setting pond (1) is provided with observation window (2), outside the observation window (2)
Side is observation passage (6)；Shading and insulating layer (5) is provided with the outside of the observation window (2)；
Reinforced concrete beds and cement mortar bedding cushion are respectively positioned on tree pond (1) lower section, and reinforced concrete soil is followed successively by from down to up
Base, cement mortar bedding cushion and Shu Chi (1)；
The inside for setting pond (1) is sequentially provided with cement mortar draining inclined-plane (8), pumping equipment (3) and filter layer (4) from the bottom to top；
Cement mortar draining inclined-plane (8) is arranged on the bottom of tree pond (1), and the upper surface on cement mortar draining inclined-plane (8) is provided with rhone,
In rhone, filter layer (4) is covered in the cement mortar draining inclined-plane (8) to the pumping equipment (3) and draining sets
Apply on (3), the liquid after being filtered through filter layer (4) is discharged by pumping equipment (3).
2. a kind of tree root underground observation structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the tree pond (1) is square
Structure, observation window (2) is arranged on one of side of tree pond (1).
3. a kind of tree root underground observation structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the material of tree pond (1) is steel
Reinforced concrete.
4. a kind of tree root underground observation structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the shading and insulating layer (5)
It is soft black shading and insulating layer.
5. a kind of tree root underground observation structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the observation window (2) includes
Framework (21) and polylith transparent organic glass (22), the transparent organic glass (22) utilize steel in framework (21)
Plate is fixed on framework, and framework (21) is steelframe.
6. a kind of tree root underground observation structure according to claim 5, it is characterised in that transparent organic glass (22)
Specification is no more than 1m × 1m, and the thickness of transparent organic glass (22) is not less than 10mm；Steelframe thickness is not less than 10cm.
7. a kind of tree root underground observation structure according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the bottom surface and side of tree pond (1)
The thickness of wall is not less than 20cm.
8. a kind of tree root underground observation structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that tree root underground observation knot
The inside of structure is integrally set using waterproof.
9. a kind of tree root underground observation structure according to claim any one of 1-8, it is characterised in that the tree pond
(1) bottom is plane, cement mortar draining inclined-plane (8) for both sides middle part high is low and it is high below before low double inclined plane；Draining
Groove outlet is located at the minimum point of double inclined plane；The pumping equipment (3) is drainpipe, and multiple drainings are laid with the drainpipe
Hole, the liquid after being filtered through filter layer (4) is entered into drainpipe by osculum, and the delivery port of drainpipe is from Shu Chi (1) bottom
Portion is stretched out.
10. a kind of tree root underground observation structure according to claim any one of 1-8, it is characterised in that the filtering
Layer (4) is made up of fine sand layer, coarse sands layer and gravel layer successively from top to bottom；The fine sand layer is that the thick particle diameters of 5-10cm are
The fine sand of 0.25-0.35mm；The coarse sands layer is that 5-10cm thickness particle diameters are the gravel of 1-3mm；The gravel layer is 5-20cm thick
Particle diameter is the gravel of 0.5-2cm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201621458250.0U CN206302841U (en) | 2016-12-28 | 2016-12-28 | A kind of tree root underground observation structure |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201621458250.0U CN206302841U (en) | 2016-12-28 | 2016-12-28 | A kind of tree root underground observation structure |
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| CN206302841U true CN206302841U (en) | 2017-07-07 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106718237A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-05-31 | 北京市园林科学研究院 | A kind of tree root underground observation structure and method of construction and application method |
| CN110558101A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2019-12-13 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | plant root system observation equipment |
-
2016
- 2016-12-28 CN CN201621458250.0U patent/CN206302841U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106718237A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-05-31 | 北京市园林科学研究院 | A kind of tree root underground observation structure and method of construction and application method |
| CN110558101A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2019-12-13 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | plant root system observation equipment |
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