CN206173356U - Meal kitchen waste oil system biodiesel's transesterification ware - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a meal kitchen waste oil system biodiesel's transesterification ware. Its main part is the cylindrical tubular structure that is listed as, sets up a plurality of tubulations in cylindrical casing, loads immobilization lipase catalyst and install clavate ultrasonic emission head in the tubulation, and it is fixed on becoming width of cloth pole to be connected with ultrasonic transducer, drive with supersonic generator, make the reactant carry out transesterification under lipase catalyst and hyperacoustic dual function, with pipe UNICOM's reactor casing and thermostatted water bath to circulate to the thermostatted water with the water pump, so that the reactant keep a constant temperature state in the tubulation. This reactor sets up the washing liquid and imports and exports, and available washing liquid washs through the immobilization lipase of circulating pump in to the tubulation. The utility model discloses in introducing reaction system with ultrasonic energy, make the reactant carry out transesterification under catalyst and hyperacoustic dual function, have the continuous feed and the ejection of compact, the convenient characteristics of wasing and changing the catalyst.

Description

A kind of transesterification reactor of kitchen waste oil biodiesel

First, technical field

This utility model belongs to field of biological energy source, more particularly to using the equipment of kitchen waste oil biodiesel, specifically It is a kind of fixed bed ultrasound reactor that oils and fatss and low-carbon alcohols carry out ester exchange reaction biodiesel.

2nd, background technology

It is with the quick increase of motor vehicles, increasing to the demand of vapour, diesel oil, develop reproducible bioenergy Increasingly paid attention to by countries in the world.The carbon dioxide that produces after biodiesel burning, oxysulfide, the dirt such as Hydrocarbon Dye thing is fewer than the diesel oil of petroleum refining a lot, and it has more excellent environmental-protecting performance, and the raw material for preparing biodiesel is renewable, It is typical " environmental protection diesel oil ", the exploitation of biodiesel is increasingly paid attention to.At present, the method for preparing biodiesel is to use Oils and fatss are carried out ester exchange reaction under acid, base catalysiss and fatty acid methyl ester or ethyl ester are obtained with low-carbon alcohols methanol or ethanol, conveniently Reaction temperature be 65 DEG C or so, the separation of by-product glycerin is cumbersome, and energy consumption is higher, produces substantial amounts of acid-base waste fluid, processes The task of these waste liquids is larger, and alcohol consumption is larger, it is desirable to which equipment is resistant to bronsted lowry acids and bases bronsted lowry corrosion, and the manufacturing cost of equipment is higher.

The reaction temperature of lipase-catalyzed legal system biodiesel is relatively low, and suitable reaction temperature is 45 DEG C or so, and by-product is sweet Oil separating is easier to, and energy consumption is relatively saved, and preparation process does not have pollutant emission, and alcohol consumption is less, fixed lipase catalyzed Legal system biodiesel has preferable development prospect, and exploitation response speed is fast, the preferable enzyme catalysiss ester exchange reaction equipment of effect Just seem very necessary.Transesterification reactor described in 201110225794.8 patent of Application No., only by lipase-catalyzed dose Effect accelerate its response speed, and catalyst is actionless, and the facilitation to reacting is very limited；Meanwhile, instead After answering device to use certain hour, it is more that the by-product glycerin of generation sticks to catalyst lipase surface, and its catalysis can be affected to live Property, need to carry out routine cleaning, but the reactor be not provided with catalyst wash device, exist catalyst wash it is cumbersome lack Point.Further, activity is reduced and needs replacing just to seem pretty troublesome the catalyst in the reactor after a longer time of use.According to Above-mentioned technical background, this utility model devise a kind of biodiesel processed that can conveniently clean and change catalyst reactor Transesterification reactor.

3rd, the content of the invention

This utility model provides a kind of transesterification reactor of kitchen waste oil biodiesel, and its main body is cylinder Tubular structure, arranges some tubulations in cylindrical housings, fixed lipase catalyzed dose is loaded in tubulation, while being The activity and ester exchange reaction speed of catalyst are improved, rod ultrasonic emitting head is mounted with tubulation, it is fixed on luffing On bar, and link together with ultrasonic transducer, driven with supersonic generator, reactant is made at lipase-catalyzed dose With ester exchange reaction is carried out under the dual function of ultrasound wave, accelerate its response speed；Between reactor shell and constant temperature water bath Pipe UNICOM is used, and is circulated thermostatted water with water pump, make the reactant holding temperature constant state in tubulation.The reactor is arranged Cleanout fluid import and export, after a certain period of use time, can with acetone cleanout fluid by circulating pump to the fixation in reactor tubulation Change lipase to be cleaned, to remove the glycerol for sticking to its surface, mitigate the adverse effect that glycerol is caused to ester exchange reaction, Improve its response speed；The reactor is provided with fixed lipase catalyzed dose of discharge port, to carry out during catalyst failure Change.Reactor described in the utility model has continuous charging and discharging, realizes quantity-produced advantage.

4th, illustrate

Fig. 1 is a kind of transesterification reactor structural representation of kitchen waste oil biodiesel described in the utility model, (1) For circulating-heating water out；(2) it is temperature measuring element；(3) it is cleanout fluid loop head；(4) it is reactant mixture charge door； (5) it is low-carbon alcohols reflux interface；(6) it is reactor shell；(7) it is rod ultrasonic emitting head, it is fixed on horn It is connected above and with ultrasonic transducer, is driven with supersonic generator；(8) it is tubulation；(9) for fixed lipase catalyzed Agent；(10) it is tubulation fixed plate；(11) it is circulating-heating water inlet；(12) it is to change fixed lipase catalyzed dose of discharging Mouthful；(13) it is cleanout fluid loop exit；(14) it is the mixture discharging opening of reactant and product.Fig. 2 is Section A-A in Fig. 1 Profile, part description is ibid.

5th, specific embodiment

Embodiment is illustrated with reference to accompanying drawing 1, the ester exchange of kitchen waste oil biodiesel described in the utility model is anti- Device is answered, its reactant charging, the loading of catalyst are implemented with replacing and cleaning operation：Reactor dress top cover before to Fixed lipase catalyzed dose (9) are filled it up with tubulation (8), the top cover of reactor is then loaded onto.When using reactor, will reaction Mixture is added in reactor by charge door (4), starts supersonic generator, and the reactant in beaded catalyst gap is from upper And under progressively there is ester exchange reaction, unnecessary reactant and product under ultrasonic activation and lipase-catalyzed dual function Mixture Jing discharging openings (14) is discharged by discharge valve.Between the tubulation of reactor by the import (11) of circulating-heating water and Outlet (1) and thermostatic water bath UNICOM, get up to be incubated by constant temperature water circulation with water pump, determine anti-with temperature measuring element (2) Answer the temperature of thing so as to keep constant reaction temperature；Condenser is connect in low-carbon alcohols reflux interface (5), makes to wave during reaction The low-carbon alcohols for issuing are returned in reactor；If reactor is using after certain hour, the glycerol of catalyst surface adhesion is more And when affecting response speed, cleaning operation can be carried out to catalyst, as long as at this moment starting cleanout fluid circulating pump, cleanout fluid is passed through Entrance (3) gets to cleaning catalyst in reactor tubulation, and to remove the glycerol for sticking to its surface, cleanout fluid is by exporting (13) Realize recycling.After reactor uses certain hour, if the catalysis activity of immobilized-lipase is reduced more and is needed During replacing, the catalyst in tubulation can be conveniently and efficiently changed, at this moment, as long as stopping to reactor feeding, release reactant, beat The top cover of reactor after catalyst is drawn off by material mouth of starting discharging (12), is opened, new catalyst is added.Generally, by three sheets Transesterification reactor described in utility model is concatenated use, just oils and fatss can be converted into the i.e. biological bavin of fatty glyceride Oil.

Example：

Equipped with macropore tree in the tubulation of the transesterification reactor of kitchen waste oil biodiesel described in the utility model Immobilization Novozyme 435 lipase-catalyzed dose of the fat for carrier, three same transesterification reactors are concatenated, will 10000 grams of refined kitchen waste oil is mixed homogeneously in auger tank with 1500 grams of normal hexane solvent and is preheating to 45 DEG C. Methanol is 3 with the mol ratio of kitchen waste oil, and methanol total amount is 1065 grams, and methanol is mixed with oils and fatss in three times, will first three point one Methanol i.e. 355 grams be added to auger tank in stir, mixture is beaten with pump by the temperature control of mixture at 45 DEG C To in First transesterification reactor, discharged with appropriate flow velocity after reaction appropriate time, the compound for drawing off is separated It is put into after the glycerol being born in second auger tank, adds 355 grams of Part II methanol and stir, then use pump Get in second transesterification reactor, discharged with appropriate flow velocity, carry out the operation for separating glycerol same with previous step, oil Fat and fatty acid methyl ester and solvent mixture are put in the 3rd auger tank, add 355 grams of Part III methanol, and stirring is equal It is even and adjust its temperature at 45 DEG C, then got in the 3rd transesterification reactor with pump, discharged with appropriate flow velocity, entered Solvent and unreacted complete methanol is finally evaporated by the row operation for separating glycerol same with previous step, and condensed device is carried out Recycling, liquid phase are biodiesel, and the conversion ratio of fatty acid methyl ester is 92.8%.Obtained biodiesel oil product, its Density is 0.85g/cm³, Cetane number is 52, and kinematic viscosity is 3.25 mm²/s。

Claims (2)

1. a kind of transesterification reactor of kitchen waste oil biodiesel, is characterized in that：Its main body is cylindrical shell and tube knot Structure, by circulating-heating water out (1), temperature measuring element (2), cleanout fluid loop head (3), reactant mixture charge door (4), Low-carbon alcohols reflux interface (5), reactor shell (6), rod ultrasonic emitting head (7), tubulation (8), immobilized-lipase Catalyst (9), tubulation fixed plate (10), circulating-heating water inlet (11), the discharge port for changing fixed lipase catalyzed dose (12), mixture discharging opening (14) composition of cleanout fluid loop exit (13) and reactant and product, sets in cylindrical housings Some tubulations are put, fixed lipase catalyzed dose is loaded in tubulation, rod ultrasonic emitting head is installed in tubulation, it is solid It is scheduled in horn, and links together with ultrasonic transducer, is driven with supersonic generator.

2. a kind of transesterification reactor of kitchen waste oil biodiesel according to claim 1, is characterized in that：The reaction Device arranges cleanout fluid and imports and exports and catalyst discharge outlets, can pass through circulating pump to the immobilized-lipase in tubulation with cleanout fluid Catalyst is cleaned, and can more easily change the catalyst in tubulation.