CN205740896U - A kind of retracting device of the CO2 switching mode solvent processed for oil-based drill cuttings - Google Patents
A kind of retracting device of the CO2 switching mode solvent processed for oil-based drill cuttings Download PDFInfo
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- CN205740896U CN205740896U CN201620427800.6U CN201620427800U CN205740896U CN 205740896 U CN205740896 U CN 205740896U CN 201620427800 U CN201620427800 U CN 201620427800U CN 205740896 U CN205740896 U CN 205740896U
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- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
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- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 30
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
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- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 3
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Abstract
Description
技术领域 technical field
本实用新型涉及一种溶剂的回收装置，具体涉及一种用于油基钻屑处理的CO2开关型溶剂的回收装置，属于石油化工高含油危险废物处理技术领域。 The utility model relates to a solvent recovery device, in particular to a CO2 switch-type solvent recovery device for oil-based drilling cuttings treatment, and belongs to the technical field of petrochemical high-oil-containing hazardous waste treatment.
背景技术 Background technique
随着全球页岩气、致密气等非常规能源开发力度的不断加大，油基钻井液技术已经成为页岩气水平钻井的关键技术之一。然而，在油气资源勘探、开发钻井过程中会产生油基钻屑的堆积。因油基钻屑含有石油烃类、重金属和有机物等污染物，已被列入国家危险废弃物(国家危险废物名录，HW08)。 With the increasing development of unconventional energy such as shale gas and tight gas around the world, oil-based drilling fluid technology has become one of the key technologies for shale gas horizontal drilling. However, oil-based drilling cuttings will accumulate during the exploration and development of oil and gas resources. Because oil-based drilling cuttings contain pollutants such as petroleum hydrocarbons, heavy metals, and organic matter, they have been listed as national hazardous wastes (National Hazardous Waste List, HW08).
油基钻屑若不经处理就直接排放，将会对周边生态环境造成严重危害：所含的有机物将会污染地表水及地下水资源，主要体现在水质CODCr值的升高，色度的升高；破坏土壤、对植物生长不利，严重的可造成土壤无法返耕；重金属等有毒有害物质滞留土壤，影响植物的生长和微生物的繁殖，通过食物链的作用进入人体，危害人体健康等。 If oil-based drilling cuttings are discharged directly without treatment, it will cause serious harm to the surrounding ecological environment: the organic matter contained will pollute surface water and groundwater resources, mainly reflected in the increase of COD Cr value of water quality and the increase of chroma. High; damage the soil, which is not good for plant growth, and can cause serious soil failure; heavy metals and other toxic and harmful substances remain in the soil, affecting the growth of plants and the reproduction of microorganisms, entering the human body through the food chain, and endangering human health.
环境保护一直是人类比较重视的问题，也是国家极力号召的值得关注的问题，因此解决油基钻屑污染环境的问题已经迫在眉睫。目前对于油基钻屑的处理，国内外普遍采用的方法有焚烧法、井下回注法、掩埋法、固化法、热处理法、溶剂萃取法、离心分离法等。 Environmental protection has always been an issue that human beings pay more attention to, and it is also an issue worthy of attention that the country strongly calls for. Therefore, it is imminent to solve the problem of oil-based drilling cuttings polluting the environment. At present, for the treatment of oil-based drilling cuttings, the methods commonly used at home and abroad include incineration, downhole reinjection, burial, solidification, heat treatment, solvent extraction, and centrifugal separation.
CO2开关型溶剂是指在往体系内通入和排出CO2时，溶剂理化性质(如极性、粘度、溶解性等)可相互转变的一种溶剂，它能在温和条件下实现极性和水溶性的显著可逆变化，由于该类溶剂具有智能化开关的特性，无需对温度、压强有过高的要求，对设备要求低，流程和操作简便，在油基钻屑的处理应用和推广上具有很好的应用和推广潜力。 CO2 switch solvent refers to a solvent whose physical and chemical properties ( such as polarity, viscosity, solubility, etc.) Significant reversible changes in water solubility and water solubility. Because this type of solvent has the characteristics of an intelligent switch, there is no need for high requirements on temperature and pressure, low requirements on equipment, and simple process and operation. It is applied and promoted in the treatment of oil-based drilling cuttings It has great application and promotion potential.
CO2开关型溶剂用于油基钻屑的处理方法是：将等量的CO2开关型溶剂和油基钻屑混合常温搅拌30min左右，CO2开关型溶剂与油基钻屑充分反应，从油基钻屑中分离提取出废矿物油类，然后离心分离出残渣和混合油类提取液，向提取液中加入定量水，通CO2，在CO2的刺激诱导下，提取液中的CO2开关型溶剂开始逐步转到水相中，转化完毕后，上层油相只剩下钻屑中的废矿物油类，此时可分离回收出油相，剩余水相在通入N2或者空气排出CO2后可实现CO2开关型溶剂的回收。但溶剂分离回收时，油基钻屑添加剂如乳化剂、降滤失剂对水中胶体有保护作用，如果只是通入N2或空气、加热等物理方法难以快速有效的实现溶剂的分离。 The treatment method of CO 2 switch solvent for oil-based cuttings is: mix the same amount of CO 2 switch solvent and oil-based cuttings and stir at room temperature for about 30 minutes, the CO 2 switch solvent and oil-based cuttings fully react, from Separation and extraction of waste mineral oil from oil-based drilling cuttings, and then centrifuge to separate the residue and mixed oil extract, add quantitative water to the extract, pass CO 2 , under the stimulation of CO 2 , the CO in the extract 2. The switch-type solvent begins to gradually transfer to the water phase. After the conversion is completed, only the waste mineral oil in the cuttings remains in the upper oil phase. At this time, the oil phase can be separated and recovered, and the remaining water phase is fed with N2 or air The recovery of the CO switch-type solvent can be achieved after the CO is discharged. However, during solvent separation and recovery, oil-based drilling cuttings additives such as emulsifiers and fluid loss control agents have a protective effect on colloids in water. It is difficult to quickly and effectively separate solvents if only physical methods such as feeding N2 or air or heating are used.
实用新型内容 Utility model content
有鉴于此，本实用新型的目的在于针对上述现有技术的不足，提供一种能高效快速回收用于处理油基钻屑的CO2开关型溶剂的装置，节约溶剂回收时间。 In view of this, the purpose of this utility model is to address the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, to provide a device that can efficiently and quickly recover CO2 switch-type solvents used for processing oil-based drilling cuttings, and save solvent recovery time.
为解决以上技术问题，本实用新型采用的技术方案提供了一种用于油基钻屑处理的CO2开关型溶剂的回收装置，它包括搅拌装置和离心机，搅拌装置的出料口与离心机的进液口通过管道连接，管道上设置截留阀和螺杆泵，所述搅拌装置包括搅拌桶，搅拌桶内设置搅拌轴，搅拌桶顶部设置加药口，搅拌桶上设置进料口。 In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model provides a CO2 switch-type solvent recovery device for oil-based drilling cuttings, which includes a stirring device and a centrifuge, the discharge port of the stirring device and the centrifuge The liquid inlet of the machine is connected by a pipeline, and a shut-off valve and a screw pump are arranged on the pipeline. The stirring device includes a stirring barrel, a stirring shaft is arranged in the stirring barrel, a drug feeding port is arranged on the top of the stirring barrel, and a feeding port is arranged on the stirring barrel.
使用时，待回收溶剂的含CO2开关型溶剂的水相从进料口进入搅拌桶中，从加药口加入固体CaO或NaOH，利用搅拌轴混合搅拌均匀，反应完毕CO2开关型溶剂从水相中分离出后，打开截留阀通过螺杆泵将搅拌桶内的溶液泵入离心机内完成分离，回收得到CO2开关型溶剂。 When in use, the water phase containing the CO switch-type solvent to be recovered enters the mixing tank from the feed port, and solid CaO or NaOH is added from the dosing port, and the stirring shaft is used to mix and stir evenly. After the reaction is completed, the CO switch-type solvent is released from After the water phase is separated, the shut-off valve is opened to pump the solution in the mixing barrel into the centrifuge through the screw pump to complete the separation, and the CO2 switch solvent is recovered.
上述含CO2开关型溶剂的水相是指用CO2开关型溶剂处理油基钻屑后分离得到的水相。具体为：将等质量的油基钻屑与CO2开关型溶剂混合，常温下搅拌30min，离心分离出残渣和混合油类提取液，按质量比提取液∶水＝1∶2往提取液中加入定量的水，在高速搅拌下通入CO2，在1L/min通量下通气1h后，分离得到矿物油类和含CO2开关型溶剂的水相。 The above-mentioned aqueous phase containing a CO2 - switching solvent refers to the aqueous phase separated after treating oil-based cuttings with a CO2-switching solvent. Specifically: mix oil-based drilling cuttings of equal quality with CO2 switching solvent, stir at room temperature for 30 minutes, centrifuge to separate the residue and mixed oil extract, and add the extract to the extract according to the mass ratio: water = 1:2 A certain amount of water was added, and CO 2 was introduced under high-speed stirring, and after aeration at a flow rate of 1 L/min for 1 hour, the mineral oil and the water phase containing the CO 2 switch solvent were separated.
进一步的，所述离心机选自卧式螺旋离心机和离心萃取机。卧式螺旋离心机主要用于液固的分离，离心萃取机主要用于液液的分离。 Further, the centrifuge is selected from a horizontal screw centrifuge and a centrifugal extractor. The horizontal screw centrifuge is mainly used for the separation of liquid and solid, and the centrifugal extractor is mainly used for the separation of liquid and liquid.
回收CO2开关型溶剂所用的药剂为NaOH和CaO，因此所述加药口为NaOH加药口和CaO加药口。 The medicaments used to recover the CO switch-type solvent are NaOH and CaO, so the dosing port is NaOH dosing port and CaO dosing port.
进一步的，所述搅拌桶顶部用盖板密封，避免搅拌轴搅拌时液体的泄露。 Further, the top of the mixing bucket is sealed with a cover plate to avoid liquid leakage when the stirring shaft is stirring.
CO2开关型溶剂的回收方法最优的技术方案是先往水相中加入NaOH，分离回收出部分溶剂后，再往剩下的水相中加入CaO，分离回收出剩余的溶剂，由于加入CaO时，与水生成水合离子，能有效破坏水中胶体双电层结构，从而使胶体脱稳，同时形成大量的CaCO3沉淀物，吸附大量水中悬浮物(包括少量溶剂)，形成絮状物，因此加入CaO处理后不仅能回收溶剂，也能使余下的废水的水质得到很好的改善，可作为有机胺类废水的预处理。因此本实用新型提供了与最优回收方法匹配的回收装置，它在搅拌桶底部设置两个出料口，一个出料口与离心萃取机的进液口通过管道连接，另一个出料口与卧式螺旋离心机的进液口通过管道连接，所述离心萃取机的水相出口通过管道连接到搅拌桶的进料口上。这样先与NaOH反应的水相通过离心萃取机回收得到部分溶剂后，剩余的水相又返回搅拌桶与CaO反应，反应后的溶液经卧式螺旋离心机将其中的固相(絮状物)分离出来，剩余即是含有少量水相的溶剂，可通过放置自然分层重力分离回收得到溶剂。 The optimal technical solution for the recovery method of CO2 switch-type solvent is to add NaOH to the water phase first, separate and recover part of the solvent, then add CaO to the remaining water phase, separate and recover the remaining solvent, due to the addition of CaO When it forms hydrated ions with water, it can effectively destroy the electric double layer structure of the colloid in the water, thereby destabilizing the colloid, and at the same time, a large amount of CaCO 3 precipitates are formed, which absorb a large amount of suspended matter in water (including a small amount of solvent) and form flocs. Adding CaO can not only recover the solvent, but also improve the water quality of the remaining wastewater, which can be used as the pretreatment of organic amine wastewater. Therefore the utility model provides a recovery device matched with the optimal recovery method, which is provided with two discharge ports at the bottom of the mixing tank, one discharge port is connected with the liquid inlet of the centrifugal extractor through a pipeline, and the other discharge port is connected with the liquid inlet of the centrifugal extractor. The liquid inlet of the horizontal screw centrifuge is connected through a pipeline, and the water phase outlet of the centrifugal extractor is connected to the feed inlet of the mixing barrel through a pipeline. In this way, the aqueous phase that first reacted with NaOH was recovered by a centrifugal extractor to obtain part of the solvent, and the remaining aqueous phase was returned to the mixing tank to react with CaO. After separation, the remainder is a solvent containing a small amount of water phase, which can be recovered by placing natural stratification and gravity separation to obtain the solvent.
进一步的，所述离心萃取机的进液口与搅拌桶出料口连接的管道上设置有截留阀和螺杆泵；所述卧式螺旋离心机的进液口与搅拌桶出料口连接的管道上设置有截留阀和螺杆泵；所述离心萃取机的水相出口与搅拌桶的进料口连接的管道上设置有截留阀和螺杆泵，以控制液体流向。 Further, the pipeline connecting the liquid inlet of the centrifugal extractor with the discharge port of the mixing tank is provided with a shut-off valve and a screw pump; the pipeline connecting the liquid inlet of the horizontal screw centrifuge with the discharge port of the mixing tank A shut-off valve and a screw pump are arranged on the top; a shut-off valve and a screw pump are arranged on the pipeline connecting the water phase outlet of the centrifugal extractor and the feed port of the mixing barrel to control the flow direction of the liquid.
与现有技术相比，本实用新型装置能高效快速回收用于处理油基钻屑的CO2开关型溶剂，节约回收时间，其结构简单，不需要像现有CO2开关型溶剂回收装置那样需要加气、加热处理，对设备要求更低，因此其设备造价和管理成本也更低，使 用可靠方便。 Compared with the prior art, the device of the utility model can efficiently and quickly recover the CO2 switch-type solvent used for processing oil-based drilling cuttings, save recovery time, and its structure is simple, and it does not need the CO2 switch-type solvent recovery device like the existing CO2 switch-type solvent recovery device It needs gas filling and heating treatment, and has lower requirements on equipment, so its equipment cost and management cost are also lower, and it is reliable and convenient to use.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1为本实用新型的结构示意图； Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model;
图2为本实用新型优选实施例的结构示意图。 Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
附图标记说明： Explanation of reference signs:
1、搅拌桶；11、进料口；12、13：出料口；14、加药口；15、搅拌轴；16、盖板；2、卧式螺旋离心机；3离心萃取机；21、31：进液口；35、水相出口；4、23、33、37：截留阀；5、24、34、38：螺杆泵；6、22、32、36：管道。 1. Stirring barrel; 11. Feed port; 12, 13: Feed port; 14. Dosing port; 15. Stirring shaft; 16. Cover plate; 2. Horizontal screw centrifuge; 3. Centrifugal extractor; 21. 31: liquid inlet; 35, water phase outlet; 4, 23, 33, 37: retention valve; 5, 24, 34, 38: screw pump; 6, 22, 32, 36: pipeline.
具体实施方式 detailed description
为了使本领域的技术人员更好地理解本实用新型的技术方案，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本实用新型作进一步的详细说明。 In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the utility model, the utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
参见图1，本实用新型提供了一种用于油基钻屑处理的CO2开关型溶剂的回收装置，它包括搅拌装置和离心机，搅拌装置的出料口与离心机的进液口通过管道6连接，管道6上设置截留阀4和螺杆泵5，所述搅拌装置包括搅拌桶1，搅拌桶1内设置搅拌轴15，搅拌桶1顶部设置加药口14，搅拌桶上设置进料口11。 Referring to Fig. 1, the utility model provides a kind of CO that is used for oil-based drill cuttings treatment The recovering device of switch type solvent, it comprises agitator and centrifuge, the discharge port of agitator and the liquid inlet of centrifuge pass through The pipeline 6 is connected, and the intercepting valve 4 and the screw pump 5 are arranged on the pipeline 6. The mixing device includes a mixing tank 1, a stirring shaft 15 is arranged in the mixing tank 1, a dosing port 14 is arranged on the top of the mixing tank 1, and a feeding Mouth 11.
使用时，待回收溶剂的含CO2开关型溶剂的水相从进料口11进入搅拌桶1中，从加药口14加入固体CaO或NaOH，利用搅拌轴15混合搅拌均匀，反应完毕CO2开关型溶剂从水相中分离出后，打开截留阀4通过螺杆泵5将搅拌桶1内的溶液泵入离心机内完成分离，回收得到CO2开关型溶剂。 When in use, the aqueous phase containing the CO2 switching solvent to be recovered from the solvent enters the mixing tank 1 from the feed port 11, and solid CaO or NaOH is added from the dosing port 14, and the stirring shaft 15 is used to mix and stir evenly, and the reaction is completed. After the switch-type solvent is separated from the water phase, the shut-off valve 4 is opened to pump the solution in the mixing tank 1 into the centrifuge through the screw pump 5 to complete the separation, and the CO2 switch-type solvent is recovered.
参见图2，本实用新型还提供了结构更优的一种用于油基钻屑处理的CO2开关型溶剂的回收装置，它包括搅拌装置和离心机，离心机包括卧式螺旋离心机2和离心萃取机3，卧式螺旋离心机2主要用于液固的分离，离心萃取机3主要用于液液的分离。所述搅拌装置包括搅拌桶1，搅拌桶1内设置搅拌轴15，搅拌桶1顶部设置加药口14，搅拌桶上设置进料口11，搅拌桶底部设置出料口12和13，出料口13 与离心萃取机的进液口31通过管道32连接，管道32上设置有截留阀33和螺杆泵34；出料口12与卧式螺旋离心机的进液口21通过管道22连接，管道22上设置有截留阀23和螺杆泵24；离心萃取机的水相出口35通过管道36连接到搅拌桶的进料口11上，管道36上设置有截留阀37和螺杆泵38。 Referring to Fig. 2, the utility model also provides a kind of CO2 switch-type solvent recovery device that is used for oil-based cuttings processing with better structure, and it comprises stirring device and centrifuge, and centrifuge comprises horizontal screw centrifuge 2 And the centrifugal extractor 3, the horizontal screw centrifuge 2 is mainly used for the separation of liquid and solid, and the centrifugal extractor 3 is mainly used for the separation of liquid and liquid. Described agitating device comprises mixing barrel 1, and stirring shaft 15 is arranged in stirring barrel 1, and dosing port 14 is arranged on the top of stirring barrel 1, and feed inlet 11 is set on the stirring barrel, and discharge port 12 and 13 are set at the bottom of stirring barrel, and the discharging The mouth 13 is connected with the liquid inlet 31 of the centrifugal extractor through a pipeline 32, and the pipeline 32 is provided with a shut-off valve 33 and a screw pump 34; the discharge port 12 is connected with the liquid inlet 21 of the horizontal screw centrifuge through a pipeline 22, and the pipeline 22 is provided with a shut-off valve 23 and a screw pump 24; the aqueous phase outlet 35 of the centrifugal extractor is connected to the feed port 11 of the mixing tank through a pipeline 36, and the pipeline 36 is provided with a shut-off valve 37 and a screw pump 38.
使用时，待回收溶剂的含CO2开关型溶剂的水相从进料口11进入搅拌桶1中，从加药口14加入固体NaOH，利用搅拌轴15混合搅拌均匀，反应完毕CO2开关型溶剂从水相中分离出后，打开截留阀33通过螺杆泵34将搅拌桶1内的溶液泵入离心萃取机3内完成分离，回收得到部分CO2开关型溶剂，剩余的水相经管道36返回搅拌桶1内，从加药口14加入固体CaO，反应完毕后，打开截留阀23通过螺杆泵24将搅拌桶1内的溶液泵入卧式螺旋离心机2内完成分离，回收得到剩余的CO2开关型溶剂。 During use, the aqueous phase containing the CO2 switch-type solvent to be recovered from the solvent enters the mixing tank 1 from the feed port 11, and solid NaOH is added from the dosing port 14, and the stirring shaft 15 is used to mix and stir evenly, and the CO2 switch-type solvent is reacted. After the solvent is separated from the water phase, the shut-off valve 33 is opened and the solution in the mixing tank 1 is pumped into the centrifugal extractor 3 through the screw pump 34 to complete the separation, and part of the CO2 switching solvent is recovered, and the remaining water phase is passed through the pipeline 36 Return to the mixing tank 1, add solid CaO from the dosing port 14, after the reaction is complete, open the shut-off valve 23 and pump the solution in the mixing tank 1 into the horizontal screw centrifuge 2 through the screw pump 24 to complete the separation, and recover to obtain the remaining CO2 switch type solvent.
进一步的，所述搅拌桶1顶部用盖板16密封，避免搅拌轴搅拌时液体的泄露。 Further, the top of the mixing bucket 1 is sealed with a cover plate 16 to avoid liquid leakage when the stirring shaft is stirring.
上述含CO2开关型溶剂的水相是指用CO2开关型溶剂处理油基钻屑后分离得到的水相。具体为：将等质量的油基钻屑与CO2开关型溶剂混合，常温下搅拌30min，离心分离出残渣和混合油类提取液，按质量比提取液∶水＝1∶2往提取液中加入定量的水，在高速搅拌下通入CO2，在1L/min通量下通气1h后，分离得到矿物油类和含CO2开关型溶剂的水相。 The above-mentioned aqueous phase containing a CO2 - switching solvent refers to the aqueous phase separated after treating oil-based cuttings with a CO2-switching solvent. Specifically: mix oil-based drilling cuttings of equal quality with CO2 switching solvent, stir at room temperature for 30 minutes, centrifuge to separate the residue and mixed oil extract, and add the extract to the extract according to the mass ratio: water = 1:2 A certain amount of water was added, and CO 2 was introduced under high-speed stirring, and after aeration at a flow rate of 1 L/min for 1 hour, the mineral oil and the water phase containing the CO 2 switch solvent were separated.
以上仅是本实用新型的优选实施方式，应当指出的是，上述优选实施方式不应视为对本实用新型的限制，本实用新型的保护范围应当以权利要求所限定的范围为准。对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本实用新型的精神和范围内，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本实用新型的保护范围。 The above are only preferred implementations of the present utility model. It should be pointed out that the above-mentioned preferred implementations should not be regarded as limitations on the present utility model, and the protection scope of the present utility model should be based on the scope defined by the claims. For those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, some improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the utility model.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105778974A (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2016-07-20 | 西南石油大学 | Recovery device for CO2 switchable solvent for processing oil-based drilling cuttings |
| CN113546942A (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2021-10-26 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Device and process for oil extraction and extractant recovery in oil-containing solid waste |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105778974A (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2016-07-20 | 西南石油大学 | Recovery device for CO2 switchable solvent for processing oil-based drilling cuttings |
| CN105778974B (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2017-05-03 | 四川奎能环保科技有限公司 | Recovery device for CO2 switchable solvent for processing oil-based drilling cuttings |
| CN113546942A (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2021-10-26 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Device and process for oil extraction and extractant recovery in oil-containing solid waste |
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