CN205725388U - A kind of multiple stators mixed magnetic circuit permagnetic synchronous motor - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of multiple stators mixed magnetic circuit permagnetic synchronous motor, including radial stator, axial stator and rotor, wherein, described rotor is set in inside radial stator, coaxially lay with radial stator, the one or both ends of described rotor are provided with axial stator, and axial stator is concentric with rotor to be laid；It is provided with radially winding in the stator slot of radial stator, in the stator slot of described axial stator, is provided with axial winding；Rotor slot it is provided with on rotor, permanent magnet it is placed with in rotor slot, described permanent magnet makes to produce on rotor magnet radial poles and axial pole, described magnet radial poles is towards motor radial stator, described axial pole is towards motor axial stator, make motor the most all produce torque, form mixed magnetic circuit.Radial flux and axial magnetic flux that this utility model motor permanent magnet produces all are utilized, and eliminate brow leakage effect, improve motor material utilization rate, alleviate the weight of motor.

Description

A kind of multiple stators mixed magnetic circuit permagnetic synchronous motor

Technical field

This utility model relates to a kind of multiple stators mixed magnetic circuit permagnetic synchronous motor.

Background technology

In recent years, along with raising and the reduction of price of permanent magnet material resistance to elevated temperatures, magneto is in national defence, industrial or agricultural The aspects such as production and daily life are more widely applied, and forward high-power, high performance and miniaturization direction are developed. The power of magneto draws use from toy motor, commercial Application to naval vessel from several milliwatts to several megawatts, range of application at present Large-scale magneto, be widely applied in national economy, daily life, war industry, aerospace various aspects.

But existing permagnetic synchronous motor has a disadvantage in that

1, permagnetic synchronous motor is fixed due to permanent magnet magnetic kinetic potential, and motor main flux is non-adjustable, causes output-constant operation model Enclosing narrow, speed adjustable range is the most wide in range.

2, in existing internal permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor structure, rotor permanent magnet realizes " poly-magnetic effect by various combinations Should ", therefore rotor core magnetic poles is close the highest so that its end exists bigger leakage magnetic flux, and leakage-flux of rotor passes through rotor End or end cap Guan Bi, the total magnetic flux produced due to permanent magnet is certain, and the existence that brow leakage is logical not only makes motor Two end magnetic field skewness, and reduce the useful flux utilization rate of motor, thus the power reducing motor is close Degree and torque density, for overcoming the impact that brow leakage is logical, during actual design, rotor through frequently with overhang structure, Make rotor core axial length be more than motor stator core axial length, but this structure significantly increases the axial long of motor Degree, and then add core material consumption and the manufacturing cost of motor, and on this structural nature, do not play the leakage of suppression end The effect of magnetic flux.

3, when existing permagnetic synchronous motor is properly functioning, the most only i_qElectric current produces torque, now i_d=0, weak magnetic field operation Time, need rotor is applied d shaft current, now i_d≠ 0, and then realize demagnetizing effect to rotor magnetic pole, due to d shaft current by The power inverter of motor produces, and therefore when motor carries out weak magnetic control, can significantly increase the amplitude of machine winding current, and Being greatly increased the capacity of power inverter, when needs carry out the weak magnetic of the degree of depth, the d shaft current now needed is very big, the merit of motor Angle will reduce rapidly, and current of electric will quickly exceed the capacity of converter, therefore, to needing to carry out the permanent magnetism of weak magnetism speed expansion operation Synchronous motor, it usually needs take extra measure and method to carry out weak magnetically condition, weaken every pole magnetic flux with this.

4, different according to the path of d axle magnetic flux process during weak magnetic, the permagnetic synchronous motor of existing built-in rotor structure can To be divided into two classes, one type, when carrying out weak magnetic control, the d axle magnetic flux that armature winding produces can pass the permanent magnet of motor, Causing permanent magnet irreversible demagnetization, an other class, when carrying out weak magnetic control, the d axle magnetic flux that armature winding produces is without forever Magnet closes, but the magnetic field that d shaft current produces forces the more rotor flux end by motor and end cap to close, significantly Increase the leakage magnetic flux of motor, and owing to motor end magnetic resistance is generally much bigger than air-gap reluctance, therefore, required for weak magnetic D shaft current is relatively big, significantly increases cost and the winding copper loss of power of motor inverter.

5, existing permagnetic synchronous motor usual armature counter electromotive force harmonic wave is relatively big, cogging torque outstanding problem, brings serious Vibration and noise problem, the method for skewed stator slot or skewed-rotor that is typically with at present is to improve counter electromotive force harmonic wave also Weaken cogging torque, but skewed stator slot and skewed-rotor processing technique are more complicated, considerably increase manufacturing cost, and can be certain Degree reduces the average electromagnetic torque of motor, reduces torque density and the power density of motor.

In this case, seeking a kind of brow leakage little, magnetic flux utilization rate is high, and sine degree is good, and eddy-current loss is little, adjustable magnetic Flexible function but the little AC permanent magnet synchronous motor of power inverter capacity is most important.

Utility model content

This utility model is in order to solve the problems referred to above, it is proposed that a kind of multiple stators mixed magnetic circuit permagnetic synchronous motor, this reality With novel employing axial stator and the frame mode of radial stator so that radial flux and axial magnetic flux that permanent magnet produces all obtain Arrive utilization, eliminated brow leakage effect, improve motor material and utilize utilization rate, alleviated the weight of motor, improve Power density, and can realize increasing magnetic neatly and run and weak magnetism speed expansion operation, widen the economical operation scope of motor, right The performance improving driving motor for electric automobile is significant.

To achieve these goals, this utility model adopts the following technical scheme that

A kind of multiple stators mixed magnetic circuit permagnetic synchronous motor, including radial stator, axial stator and rotor, wherein, described Being placed with permanent magnet in rotor, described permanent magnet makes to produce on rotor magnetic flux, and a portion magnetic flux is along the radial direction of motor Entering in the middle of radial stator by radial air gap, form radially main flux, another part magnetic flux is in axial direction by axially Air gap enters in the middle of axial stator, forms axial main flux, and radially main flux and axial main flux composition mixed magnetic circuit, pass through Regulation and control mixed magnetic circuit, makes motor realize increasing conversion between magnetic running status and weak magnetism speed expansion running status.

Further, a kind of multiple stators mixed magnetic circuit permagnetic synchronous motor, including radial stator, axial stator and rotor, Wherein, described rotor is set in inside radial stator, coaxially lays with radial stator, and the one or both ends of described rotor are provided with Axial stator, axial stator is concentric with rotor to be laid；

It is provided with radially winding in the stator slot of described radial stator, is provided with in the stator slot of described axial stator axially Winding；

Being provided with rotor slot on described rotor, be placed with permanent magnet in rotor slot, described permanent magnet makes to produce on rotor footpath To magnetic pole and axial pole, described magnet radial poles, makes towards motor radial stator, described axial pole towards motor axial stator Obtain motor and the most all produce torque, form mixed magnetic circuit, by regulation and control mixed magnetic circuit, make motor realize increasing magnetic operation Change between state and weak magnetism speed expansion running status.

Described radial stator, including stator slot, stator tooth and stator yoke, wherein, stator yoke is circular, stator tooth Have multiple, be distributed along stator yoke even circumferential, between stator tooth, have stator slot, in described stator slot, be placed with radially winding.

Described axial stator includes axial stator back yoke, axial stator groove and axial stator tooth, described axial stator back yoke Being positioned at the axial side of axial stator, axial stator tooth is arranged in axial stator back yoke, is provided with between axial stator tooth Axial stator groove, lays axial winding in axial stator groove.

There is radial air gap between described radial stator and rotor outer, exist between described axial stator and rotor tip Axial air-gap.

The magnetic flux that described permanent magnet produces, a part enters in the middle of radial stator along motor radial through radial air gap, Forming radially main flux, another part extends axially through axial air-gap and enters in the middle of axial stator, forms axial main flux, footpath Producing torque to main flux with the magnetic field interaction that radially armature winding produces, axial main flux produces with axial armature winding Magnetic field interaction produce torque.

The radial direction main flux of described motor and axial main flux are parallel relationship.

The total magnetic flux produced due to permanent magnet is certain, owing to radial direction main flux and the axial main flux of motor are also Connection relation, when radial direction armature winding applies d axle demagnetizing current, the radial direction main flux of motor reduces, and axial main flux increases, phase Instead, when the axial armature winding of motor applies d axle demagnetizing current, the axial main flux of motor reduces, and radially main flux increases.

When motor normally work need not weak magnetic time, the axial armature winding of motor apply d axle demagnetizing current, now motor footpath Maximum to main flux, motor radially magnetic is close also maximum, and motor output rated maximum torque and power, when motor needs to carry out weak magnetic During expansion speed, reducing the d axle demagnetizing current of axial armature winding, now motor radially main flux reduces, and radially magnetic is close decreases, Motor realizes weak magnetic field operation, and motor speed improves, and now axial armature winding can apply q shaft current, and motor is produced power-assisted Torque, improves torque output capability during motor weak magnetic field operation, improves power density and the torque density of motor further.

Preferably, described radial stator is formed by silicon steel plate stacking, and described axial stator is by stalloy wound processing Become.

Preferably, described number of motor phases m >=3, number of pole-pairs p >=1, radially armature winding and axial armature winding be monolayer around Group or Double Layer Winding, the magnetic field number of poles that radially armature winding produces is equal with magnet radial poles number of poles, and axial armature winding produces The number of poles in magnetic field is equal with axial pole number of poles.

Preferably, described rotor is that soft-magnetic composite material is made, and rotor is provided with the groove laying permanent magnet, described rotor-end Fan ring-shaped is processed in portion, forms axial pole, and the number of poles of axial pole and the number of poles of magnet radial poles are equal.

Described permanent magnet arranges in the rotor according to the rule that like pole is relative, it is achieved poly-magnetic effect, forms magnetic pole.

Preferably, described permanent magnet is that high performance permanent magnetic materials is made, such as neodymium iron boron, Rare-Earth Cobalt etc., or low magnetic energy product Permanent magnet material is made, such as ferrite etc..

Regulation and control method based on above-mentioned motor, including: want according to the rated speed of motor work, nominal torque and performance Ask, the radial air gap length of motor, axial air-gap length and radial direction armature winding and the number of turn of axial armature winding are set, determine The acting as of motor radial stator and axial stator produces main driving torque or realizes weak magnetic, to determine the duty of motor.

Further, the duty of described motor specifically includes three kinds:

(1) axial armature winding applies d shaft current, and radial stator produces main driving torque, and axial stator realizes weak magnetic merit And power torque can be produced；

(2) radially armature winding applies d shaft current, and axial stator produces main driving torque, and radial stator realizes weak magnetic merit Power torque can be produced；

(3) radial direction armature winding and the axial armature winding of motor does not the most apply d shaft current, the most only produces q shaft current, footpath Produce driving torque, axial main flux and axial stator armature field to main flux and radial stator armature field and produce driving turn Square, motor torque density and power density reach maximum.

Three kinds of duties under concrete introduction:

(1) radial stator produces main driving torque, and axial stator realizes weak magnetic function and produces power torque

When radial direction armature winding and the equal no power of axial armature winding, the one of the magnetic flux that on described rotor, permanent magnet produces Part enters radial stator in radial direction through radial air gap and forms radially main flux, and another part passes axially through axial air-gap and enters Entering axial stator and form axial main flux, radially main flux determines that the radial air gap magnetic of motor is close, and axial main flux determines motor Axial air-gap magnetic close, owing to two parts magnetic flux is in parallel, empty load of motor radially main flux and axial main flux accounting are by radial direction gas The length of gap and axial air-gap determines, compared with axial air-gap, radial air gap is the biggest, and radially the accounting of main flux is the lowest, instead The highest.When motor normally work need not weak magnetic field operation time, the armature winding of axial stator produces d shaft current so that electricity Arbor reduces to main flux, and radially main flux increases, and motor torque is mainly produced by radial direction main flux and radial direction armature winding magnetic field Raw, now the axial armature winding of motor only applies d shaft current, and radially main flux is maximum, by the regulation axial armature winding of motor D shaft current can regulate the size of radially main flux, when motor needs to carry out weak magnetic field operation, the d axle of axial armature winding Electric current reduces, and motor radially main flux reduces, and axial main flux increases, and now motor radial component is operated in weak magnetic stripe part, subtracts While the d shaft current of little axial armature winding, its q shaft current, now axial stator armature winding and axle can be increased simultaneously Produce power torque to main flux, increase torque density and the power density of motor.

(2) axial stator produces main driving torque, and radial stator realizes weak magnetic function and produces power torque

When radial direction armature winding and the equal no power of axial armature winding, the one of the magnetic flux that on described rotor, permanent magnet produces Part enters radial stator in radial direction through radial air gap and forms radially main flux, and another part passes axially through axial air-gap and enters Entering axial stator and form axial main flux, radially main flux determines that the radial air gap magnetic of motor is close, and axial main flux determines motor Axial air-gap magnetic close, owing to two parts magnetic flux is in parallel, empty load of motor radially main flux and axial main flux accounting are by radial direction gas The length of gap and axial air-gap determines, compared with axial air-gap, radial air gap is the biggest, and radially the accounting of main flux is the lowest, instead The highest.When motor normally work need not weak magnetic field operation time, the armature winding of radial stator produces d shaft current so that electricity Machine radially main flux reduces, and axial main flux increases, and motor torque is mainly produced by axial main flux and axial armature winding magnetic field Raw, now motor radially armature winding only applies d shaft current, and axial main flux is maximum, by regulation motor radially armature winding D shaft current can regulate the size of axial main flux, when motor needs to carry out weak magnetic field operation, the radially d axle of armature winding Electric current reduces, and the axial main flux of motor reduces, and radially main flux increases, and now motor axial component is operated in weak magnetic stripe part, subtracts While the d shaft current of little radial direction armature winding, its q shaft current, now radial stator armature winding and footpath can be increased simultaneously Produce power torque to main flux, increase torque density and the power density of motor.

(3) radial stator and axial stator all produce driving torque

This is the third working condition of motor, and now radial direction armature winding and the axial armature winding of motor does not produces D shaft current, the most only produces q shaft current, and in this case, radially main flux and radial stator armature field produce to drive and turn Square, axial main flux and axial stator armature field produce driving torque, i.e. radial stator and axial stator and the most all produce driving Torque, now motor torque density and power density reach maximum.

A kind of electric automobile, applies above-mentioned multiple stators mixed magnetic circuit permagnetic synchronous motor.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

(1) this utility model motor is double-stator structure, and this double-stator structure and existing most double-stator structures Difference, in existing Double-stator motor, one of them stator is placed in inside rotor, for inner stator, one in rotor exterior, For external stator, the motor feels hot concentrates on motor axially, and motor thermic load is the highest, and inner stator is the most directly connected with external environment condition Connecing, motor radiating is the most difficult.Two stators of this utility model motor are respectively radial stator and axial stator, this bimorph transducer Two stators of structure are respectively placed at the radial and axial direction of motor, and radial stator is complete with the stator of common permagnetic synchronous motor Exactly the same, radial stator is coaxially placed in outside p-m rotor, a magnetic flux part radially warp that rotor permanent magnet produces Crossing air gap and enter into radial stator formation radially main flux, radial stator is laid radially winding, axial stator is placed in electricity The end of machine, axial stator is the most relative with p-m rotor, and the magnetic flux that rotor permanent magnet produces enters axially into axial stator In the middle of iron core, axial stator being laid axial winding, two stator casings, all at outside motor, directly connect with external environment Touch, and dispel the heat in the end that can make full use of motor；

(2) this utility model motor is built-in rotor structure, has internal permanent magnet synchronous motor structural compactness good, The close height of the effective magnetic of air gap, it is easy to high speed rotating and torque density advantages of higher, the rotor of the bright motor of this law is that soft magnetism is compound to be turned Son, journal axle is the highest to permeability, and during operation, iron loss is low, and this utility model rotor magnetic pole is divided into radial and axial two Point, magnet radial poles part is similar with the rotor magnetic pole of common internal permanent magnet synchronous motor, and axial pole part is by by soft magnetism The axial end portion of composite rotors is processed into the annular salient pole iron core of fan and obtains, and axial pole coordinates generation with motor axial stator Torque, magnet radial poles coordinates generation torque with motor radial stator, and motor rotor construction is simple, it is easy to machining, is manufactured into This is low；

(3) this utility model motor is mixed magnetic circuit permagnetic synchronous motor, and the magnetic flux part that permanent magnet produces is along motor Radially arriving radial stator through radial air gap and become radially main flux, another part magnetic flux passes axially through axial air-gap and arrives The axial stator of motor end becomes axial main flux, the radial flux of p-m rotor and end magnetic flux in this utility model motor Being obtained for sufficiently utilization, motor does not has brow leakage to lead to, and improves magnetic flux utilization rate, effectively improves end-region magnetic field of electrical machine Distribution, improves power density and the torque density of motor；

(4) this utility model motor can realize increasing magnetic operation neatly and weak magnetism speed expansion runs, when motor is properly functioning, Axial stator winding produces d axle and q shaft current simultaneously, and the magnetic field that d shaft current produces makes most magnetic fluxs that rotor produces Radially into radial core, the magnetic field interaction produced with radial stator winding produces main torque, additionally fraction Magnetic flux enters axially in axial stator, and this part magnetic flux produces power-assisted with the q shaft current interaction of axial stator winding Torque, when i.e. motor is properly functioning, axial stator winding plays increase motor radially main flux and produces power torque；Work as needs When weak magnetism speed expansion runs, reducing the d shaft current of the axial stator winding of motor, this makes considerable rotor flux enter axially into In axial iron core, significantly reduce the radial direction main flux of motor so that under the conditions of radial stator is operated in weak magnetic, significantly increase The speed adjustable range of motor, it is achieved weak magnetism speed expansion；

(5) number of turn of this utility model motor radial stator winding and axial stator winding is according to the number of poles of real electrical machinery, Permanent magnet residual magnetism density, permanent magnet lays compound mode and motor speed range of operation appropriate design selects, it is therefore an objective to make electricity Arbor can either effectively change the radial direction main flux of motor to stationary part, thus possesses enough weak magnetic energy power, need not In the case of weak magnetic, enough power torques can be produced again, significantly increase power density and the torque density of motor；

(6) this utility model motor can separately design motor magnet radial poles and end fan ring magnetic pole geomery and The number of turn of armature winding, by both reasonable combination superpositions, offsets harmonic wave and the cogging torque weakening counter electromotive force, with this Improve and the back emf waveform of optimization motor, and weaken the cogging torque of motor, overcome existing permagnetic synchronous motor necessary Skewed slot is used to suppress harmonic wave the shortcoming weakening cogging torque.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 (a) is this utility model motor embodiment one structural representation；

Fig. 1 (b) is radial motor stator core and the rotor schematic diagram of this utility model motor embodiment one；

Fig. 1 (c) is the soft magnetism composite rotors right view of this utility model motor embodiment one；

Fig. 1 (d) is the axial stator schematic diagram of this utility model motor embodiment one；

Fig. 1 (e) is the integrated motor right view of this utility model motor embodiment one；

Fig. 2 (a) is this utility model motor embodiment two structural representation；

Fig. 2 (b) is radial motor stator core and the rotor schematic diagram of this utility model motor embodiment two；

Fig. 2 (c) is the soft magnetism composite rotors right view of this utility model motor embodiment two；

Fig. 2 (d) is the axial stator schematic diagram of this utility model motor embodiment two；

Fig. 2 (e) is the integrated motor right view of this utility model motor embodiment two；

Wherein, 1. radial stator tooth, 2. radial stator yoke, 3. radial stator groove, 4. radial direction armature winding, 5. radial direction gas Gap, 6. axial stator tooth, 7. axial stator yoke, 8. axial stator groove, 9. axial armature winding, 10. axial air-gap, 11. soft magnetisms Composite rotors, 12. rotor slot, 13. permanent magnets, 14. magnet radial poles, 15. axial poles.

Detailed description of the invention:

The utility model is described in further detail with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

A kind of multiple stators mixed magnetic circuit permagnetic synchronous motor, including radial stator, axial stator and rotor, described rotor is pacified Be placed on inside radial stator, and radial stator coaxial placement, have radial air gap between described rotor and radial stator, described axially Stator is placed in rotor tip, concentric with rotor places, and has axial air-gap between described rotor and axial stator, and described radial direction is fixed Son is formed by silicon steel plate stacking, and described radial stator includes stator slot, stator tooth and stator yoke, lays in described stator slot Radially winding, described axial stator is by stalloy wound and processes, and axial stator includes axial stator back yoke, stator slot and Stator tooth, lays axial winding in stator slot, described rotor is made up of soft-magnetic composite material, and described rotor has rotor slot, Laying permanent magnet in rotor slot, described permanent magnet realizes " poly-magnetic effect " by reasonably laying combination, produces on rotor Magnetic pole, described magnetic pole is divided into magnet radial poles and axial pole, described magnet radial poles towards motor radial stator, magnet radial poles with turn Being radial air gap between son, described axial pole is processed into the shape of fan ring, towards motor axial stator, described axial pole and It it is axial air-gap between axial stator.

Further, the magnetic flux that motor permanent magnet produces, a part enters into radially along motor radial through radial air gap In the middle of stator, forming radially main flux, another part extends axially through axial air-gap and enters in the middle of axial stator, is formed axially Main flux, radially main flux and the magnetic field interaction that radially armature winding produces produce torque, axial main flux and axially electricity The magnetic field interaction that pivot winding produces produces torque, and motor does not exist brow leakage field, and magnetic flux utilization rate is high, power density and Torque density is high.

Further, the total magnetic flux produced due to permanent magnet is certain, owing to the radial direction main flux of motor is with axial Main flux is parallel relationship, and when radial direction armature winding applies d axle demagnetizing current, the radial direction main flux of motor reduces, axially leads Magnetic flux increases, and on the contrary, when the axial armature winding of motor applies d axle demagnetizing current, the axial main flux of motor reduces, radially Main flux increases.When motor normally work need not weak magnetic time, the axial armature winding of motor apply d axle demagnetizing current, now electricity Machine radially main flux is maximum, and motor radially magnetic is close also maximum, the exportable rated maximum torque of motor and power, when motor needs When carrying out weak magnetism speed expansion, reducing the d axle demagnetizing current of axial armature winding, now motor radially main flux reduces, and radially magnetic is close Decreasing, motor realizes weak magnetic field operation, and motor speed improves, and now axial armature winding can apply q shaft current, to motor Produce power torque, improve torque output capability during motor weak magnetic field operation, improve power density and the torque of motor further Density.

Further, described number of motor phases m >=3, number of pole-pairs p >=1, radially armature winding and axial armature winding can be Single-layer Windings, it is also possible to for Double Layer Winding, radially the number of poles in the magnetic field that armature winding and axial armature winding produce is all and rotor Magnetic pole number of poles is equal.

Further, described rotor is that soft-magnetic composite material is made, and rotor is provided with the groove laying permanent magnet, described soft magnetism Composite rotors end is processed into fan ring-shaped and is formed axial pole, and the number of poles of axial pole and the number of poles of magnet radial poles are equal.

Further, described permanent magnet is that high performance permanent magnetic materials is made, such as neodymium iron boron, Rare-Earth Cobalt etc., or low magnetic energy Long-pending permanent magnet material is made, such as ferrite etc..

Further, described permanent magnet, according to the relative rule of like pole, arranges in the rotor according to certain combination, Realize poly-magnetic effect, form magnetic pole.

Further, there is radial air gap, described axial stator between described radial stator and soft magnetism composite rotors cylindrical And there is axial air-gap between the fan ring of soft magnetism composite rotors end.

During the actual application of motor, according to the rated speed of motor work, nominal torque and specific performance requirement, by closing The parameters such as radial air gap length of reason design motor, axial air-gap length and radially armature winding and axial armature winding The number of turn, determines that motor radial stator and axial stator are to produce main driving torque or realize weak magnetic function.

This utility model motor is built-in rotor structure, has internal permanent magnet synchronous motor structural compactness good, gas The close height of the effective magnetic of gap, it is easy to high speed rotating and torque density advantages of higher, the rotor of the bright motor of this law is soft magnetism composite rotors, Motor is at the radial and axial higher magnetic permcability that is respectively provided with, and during operation, core loss is little, and efficiency is high.This utility model rotor magnetic Pole is divided into radial and axial two parts, and magnet radial poles part is similar with the rotor magnetic pole of common internal permanent magnet synchronous motor, axle Obtain by the axial component of soft magnetism composite rotors being processed into the annular salient pole iron core of fan to pole parts, axial pole Coordinate generation torque with motor axial stator, magnet radial poles coordinates generation torque with motor radial stator.

This utility model motor is double-stator structure, and this double-stator structure is different from existing most double-stator structures, In existing Double-stator motor, one of them stator is placed in inside rotor, for inner stator, one in rotor exterior, for outer fixed Son, the motor feels hot concentrates on motor axially, and motor thermic load is the highest, and inner stator is not directly connected with external environment condition, electricity Machine heat radiation more difficulty.Two stators of this utility model motor are respectively radial stator and axial stator, this double-stator structure Two stators be respectively placed at the radial and axial direction of motor, radial stator is complete phase with the stator of common permagnetic synchronous motor With, radial stator is coaxially placed in outside p-m rotor, and the magnetic flux part that rotor permanent magnet produces is in radial direction through gas Gap enters into radial stator and forms radially main flux, and radial stator is laid radially winding, and axial stator is placed in motor End, axial stator is the most relative with p-m rotor, and the magnetic flux that rotor permanent magnet produces enters axially into axial stator iron core In the middle of, axial stator is laid axial winding, two stator casings, all at outside motor, directly contact with external environment, and Dispel the heat in the end that can make full use of motor.

This utility model motor is mixed magnetic circuit permagnetic synchronous motor, and the magnetic flux part that permanent magnet produces is through motor footpath To arriving radial stator, forming flux circuit through stator core, become radially main flux, another part magnetic flux arrives vertically The axial stator of motor end, the axial stator iron core through end forms flux circuit, and in this utility model motor, permanent magnetism turns The radial flux of son and end magnetic flux are obtained for sufficiently utilization, improve magnetic flux utilization rate, and motor does not has brow leakage to lead to, Effectively improve end-region magnetic field of electrical machine distribution, improve power density and the torque density of motor.

This utility model motor can carry out weak magnetism speed expansion operation.When motor is properly functioning, axial stator winding produces simultaneously Raw d axle and q shaft current, the magnetic field that d shaft current produces makes most magnetic fluxs that rotor produces radially into radial direction ferrum Core, the magnetic field interaction produced with radial stator winding produces main torque, and additionally sub-fraction magnetic flux enters axially into axle In stator, it is properly functioning that this part magnetic flux and the interaction of the q shaft current of axial stator winding produce power torque, i.e. motor Time, axial stator winding plays increase motor radially main flux and produces power torque；When needs weak magnetism speed expansion runs, reduce The d shaft current of the axial stator winding of motor, this makes considerable rotor flux enter axially in axial iron core, significantly subtracts The little radial direction main flux of motor so that under the conditions of radial stator is operated in weak magnetic, significantly increase the speed adjustable range of motor, it is achieved Weak magnetism speed expansion.

The number of turn of this utility model motor radial stator winding and axial stator winding is according to the number of poles of real electrical machinery, permanent magnetism Body residual flux density, permanent magnet lays compound mode and motor speed range of operation appropriate design selects, it is therefore an objective to make motor shaft Can either effectively change the radial direction main flux of motor to stationary part, thus possess enough weak magnetic energy power, need not weak magnetic In the case of, enough power torques can be produced again, significantly increase power density and the torque density of motor.

This utility model motor can separately design motor magnet radial poles and the end fan shape of ring magnetic pole and armature around The number of turn of group, by both reasonable combination superpositions, offsets harmonic wave and the cogging torque weakening counter electromotive force, improve with this and The back emf waveform of optimization motor, and weaken the cogging torque of motor, overcome existing permagnetic synchronous motor and must use tiltedly Groove suppresses harmonic wave the shortcoming weakening cogging torque.

Further, the motor that this utility model provides can use following field:

(1) household appliance technical field: include TV audio and video equipment, fan, air-conditioner, food processor, cosmetic tool, oil smoke Machine etc..

(2) computer and ancillary equipment field thereof: include computer (driver, fan etc.), printer, drawing apparatus, light Drive, CD writer etc..

(3) field of industrial production: include industrial drives device, material processing system, automation equipment, robot etc..

(4) automotive field: include permanent magnetism starter motor, wiper motor, door-lock motor, seat lifting motor, sunshading ceiling Motor, cleaning pump motor, recorder motor, glass lifting motor, radiator cooling fan motor, air conditioner motor, antenna liter Fall motor, Oil pump electrical machinery etc..

(5) public life field: include clock and watch, beauty treatment machinery, automatic vending machine, ATM, paper money counter etc..

(6) traffic and transport field: include electric car, aircraft auxiliary equipment, naval vessel etc..

(7) space industry: include rocket, satellite, spacecraft, space shuttle etc..

(8) national defence: include tank, guided missile, submarine, aircraft etc..

(9) medical field: include dental drill, artificial heart, medical apparatus and instruments etc..

(10) power field: include that wind-power electricity generation, cogeneration, miniature hydro-power generation, small-sized internal combustion generating set are with sending out Motor, and the pilot exciter etc. of high-rating generator.

Above-mentioned application has only to motor or starter motor are replaced with motor of the present utility model, it is not necessary to art technology Personnel pay performing creative labour, therefore, also should belong to protection domain of the present utility model.

Embodiment one

As shown in Fig. 1 (a)-Fig. 1 (e), present embodiment number of motor phases is 3, and the radial stator number of teeth is 24, axial stator tooth Number is 12, and rotor slot number is 4, and permanent magnet blocks number is 4, and magnet radial poles number is 4, and axial magnetic number of poles is 4, and present embodiment includes footpath To stator, axial stator and rotor, radial stator is formed by silicon steel plate stacking, and radial stator includes radial stator tooth 1, the most fixed Sub-yoke 2 and radial stator groove 3, lay radially armature winding 4 in radial stator groove 3, radially armature winding 4 can be distribution around Group, concentratred winding or lap winding, radially the number of poles of armature winding is consistent with rotor radial magnetic pole number of poles, radial stator and rotor Coaxially, having radial air gap 5 between radial stator and rotor, axial stator is formed by stalloy wound, and axial stator includes axially Stator tooth 6, axial stator yoke 7 and axial stator groove 8, lay axial armature winding 9 in axial stator groove 8, axial armature around Group 9 can be Distributed Winding, concentratred winding or lap winding, and the number of poles of axial armature winding is consistent with rotor axial magnetic pole number of poles, Axial stator and rotor are concentric, have axial air-gap 10 between axial stator and rotor, and soft magnetism composite rotors 11 tangentially has and turns Pilot trench 12, lays permanent magnet 13 in rotor slot 12, the magnetizing direction of adjacent two pieces of permanent magnets is contrary, adjacent two pieces of permanent magnets and Between soft magnetism composite rotors iron core be radially formed magnet radial poles 14, adjacent two pieces of permanent magnets and between soft magnetism composite rotors The end axial component of iron core is processed into fan ring-shaped, forms magnet radial poles 15, and the magnetic flux that permanent magnet produces passes through magnet radial poles Enter radial stator iron core through radial air gap interlink with radially armature winding formation radial direction main flux, the magnetic flux of permanent magnet generation Enter axial stator iron core by axial pole through axial air-gap to interlink with axial armature winding and to form axial main flux, footpath In parallel with axial main flux to main flux, motor can be controlled by the length separately designing radial air gap and axial air-gap empty Radial direction main flux during load and axial main flux, when motor runs, by applying d to radial direction armature winding and axial armature winding Axial main flux when shaft current dynamically regulates the operation of motor and radially main flux, realize weak magnetic control with this, widen electricity The output-constant operation region of machine.

Embodiment two

As shown in Fig. 2 (a)-Fig. 2 (e), embodiment two with the main distinction of embodiment one is, motor in (1) embodiment two Two ends all there is axial stator, and two ends of motor soft magnetism composite rotors iron core are processed into fanning the shape shape of ring Become axial pole, and embodiment one only has an end of motor have axial stator, motor rotor core only one of which end The shape being processed into fan ring forms axial pole, the arrangement mode of permanent magnet and the arrangement side of embodiment one in (2) embodiment two Formula is different, and in embodiment one, permanent magnet is single parallel-connection structure, and in embodiment two, permanent magnet is series parallel structure.This embodiment party Formula number of motor phases is 3, and the radial stator number of teeth is 24, and the axial stator number of teeth is 12, and rotor slot number is 4, and permanent magnet blocks number is 4, footpath Being 4 to number of magnetic poles, axial magnetic number of poles is 4, and present embodiment includes radial stator, axial stator and rotor, and radial stator is by silicon Steel disc is overrided to form, and radial stator includes radial stator tooth 1, radial stator yoke 2 and radial stator groove 3, peace in radial stator groove 3 Be placed with radially armature winding 4, radially armature winding 4 can be Distributed Winding, concentratred winding or lap winding, radially armature winding Number of poles is consistent with rotor radial magnetic pole number of poles, and radial stator and rotor coaxial have radial air gap 5 between radial stator and rotor, Axial stator is formed by stalloy wound, and axial stator includes axial stator tooth 6, axial stator yoke 7 and axial stator groove 8, axle Laying axial armature winding 9 in stator slot 8, axial armature winding 9 can be Distributed Winding, concentratred winding or lap winding, The number of poles of axial armature winding is consistent with rotor axial magnetic pole number of poles, and axial stator and rotor are concentric, axial stator and rotor it Between have axial air-gap 10, soft magnetism composite rotors 11 tangentially to have rotor slot 12, lay permanent magnet 13 in rotor slot 12, adjacent The magnetizing direction of two pieces of permanent magnets is contrary, adjacent two pieces of permanent magnets and between soft magnetism composite rotors iron core be radially formed radially Magnetic pole 14, adjacent two pieces of permanent magnets and between the end axial component of soft magnetism composite rotors iron core be processed into fan ring-shaped, shape Radially magnetic pole 15, the magnetic flux that permanent magnet produces enters radial stator iron core and radially electricity by magnet radial poles through radial air gap Pivot winding interlinkage forms radially main flux, and the magnetic flux that permanent magnet produces enters axial stator by axial pole through axial air-gap Iron core interlinks with axial armature winding and forms axial main flux, and radially main flux is in parallel with axial main flux, can be by respectively Radial direction main flux when design radial air gap and the length of axial air-gap control empty load of motor and axial main flux, motor runs Time, by radial direction armature winding and axial armature winding apply when d shaft current dynamically regulates the operation of motor axial main Magnetic flux and radially main flux, realize weak magnetic control with this, widen the output-constant operation region of motor.

Although detailed description of the invention of the present utility model is described by the above-mentioned accompanying drawing that combines, but not new to this practicality The restriction of type protection domain, one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that on the basis of the technical solution of the utility model, ability Field technique personnel need not to pay various amendments or deformation that creative work can make still at protection model of the present utility model Within enclosing.

Claims (10)

1. a multiple stators mixed magnetic circuit permagnetic synchronous motor, is characterized in that: include radial stator, axial stator and rotor, its In, described rotor is that soft-magnetic composite material is made, and is placed with permanent magnet in described rotor, and described permanent magnet makes to produce on rotor magnetic Logical, a portion magnetic flux enters in the middle of radial stator along the radial direction of motor by radial air gap, forms radially main magnetic Logical, another part magnetic flux in axial direction enters in the middle of axial stator by axial air-gap, forms axial main flux, the most main Magnetic flux and axial main flux composition mixed magnetic circuit, by regulation and control mixed magnetic circuit, make motor realize increasing magnetic running status and weak magnetic Change between expansion speed running status.

2. a kind of multiple stators mixed magnetic circuit permagnetic synchronous motor as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: it is the most fixed to specifically include Son, axial stator and rotor, wherein, described rotor is set in inside radial stator, coaxially lays with radial stator, described rotor One or both ends be provided with axial stator, axial stator is concentric with rotor to be laid；

Be provided with radially winding in the stator slot of described radial stator, be provided with in the stator slot of described axial stator axially around Group；

Being provided with rotor slot on described rotor, be placed with permanent magnet in rotor slot, described permanent magnet makes to produce radially magnetic on rotor Pole and axial pole, described magnet radial poles is towards motor radial stator, and described axial pole is towards motor axial stator so that electricity Machine the most all produces torque, forms mixed magnetic circuit, by regulation and control mixed magnetic circuit, makes motor realize increasing magnetic running status And change between weak magnetism speed expansion running status.

3. multiple stators mixed magnetic circuit permagnetic synchronous motor as claimed in claim 1 a kind of, is characterized in that: described radial stator and There is radial air gap between rotor outer, between described axial stator and rotor tip, there is axial air-gap.

4. a kind of multiple stators mixed magnetic circuit permagnetic synchronous motor as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described radial direction main flux The magnetic field interaction produced with radial direction armature winding produces torque, the magnetic field phase that axial main flux produces with axial armature winding Interaction produces torque.

5. a kind of multiple stators mixed magnetic circuit permagnetic synchronous motor as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described radial stator, Including stator slot, stator tooth and stator yoke, wherein, stator yoke is circular, and stator tooth has multiple, along stator yoke circumference It is uniformly distributed, between stator tooth, has stator slot, in described stator slot, be placed with radially winding.

6. a kind of multiple stators mixed magnetic circuit permagnetic synchronous motor as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described axial stator bag Including axial stator back yoke, axial stator groove and axial stator tooth, described axial stator back yoke is positioned at axial one of axial stator Side, axial stator tooth is arranged in axial stator back yoke, is provided with axial stator groove, in axial stator groove between axial stator tooth Lay axial winding.

7. a kind of multiple stators mixed magnetic circuit permagnetic synchronous motor as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the radial direction of described motor Main flux and axial main flux are parallel relationship, and empty load of motor radially main flux and axial main flux accounting are by radial air gap and axle Determine to the length of air gap.

8. a kind of multiple stators mixed magnetic circuit permagnetic synchronous motor as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described number of motor phases m >=3, number of pole-pairs p >=1, radially armature winding and axial armature winding are Single-layer Windings or Double Layer Winding, and radially armature winding produces Raw magnetic field number of poles is equal with magnet radial poles number of poles, the number of poles in the magnetic field that axial armature winding produces and axial pole number of poles phase Deng.

9. a kind of multiple stators mixed magnetic circuit permagnetic synchronous motor as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described rotor is provided with Laying the groove of permanent magnet, described rotor tip is processed into fan ring-shaped, forms axial pole, the number of poles of axial pole and radially magnetic The number of poles of pole is equal.

10. an electric automobile, is characterized in that: include a kind of multiple stators mixing Magnetic circuit permagnetic synchronous motor.