CN204879458U - Distributing type oil gas pipeline leaks monitoring system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a distributed oil and gas pipeline leakage monitoring system, which realizes online monitoring of oil and gas leakage by monitoring the temperature change of the oil and gas pipeline in real time. It includes a distributed optical fiber Raman temperature sensor (11), a sensing optical cable (12), an alarm device (13), a fire fighting equipment interface (14) and a remote communication interface (15). The sensing optical cable (12) is laid along the pipeline together with the oil and gas pipeline, and is connected to the distributed optical fiber Raman temperature sensor (11) at the same time. The temperature of each point of the oil and gas pipeline is measured in real time by the distributed optical fiber Raman temperature sensor. There is an obvious difference between the temperature value of the point and the normal temperature value. When the temperature difference exceeds the alarm value set by the system, the system starts the alarm device (13), sends out sound and light signal alarms, and simultaneously passes the fire equipment interface (14) Start the fire-fighting equipment, and send a remote alarm signal through the remote communication interface (15). Provide safety guarantee for the normal operation of oil and gas pipelines.

Description

A Distributed Oil and Gas Pipeline Leakage Monitoring System

technical field

The invention provides a distributed oil and gas pipeline leakage monitoring system, which belongs to the technical field of automatic control. In particular, the use of distributed optical fiber Raman temperature sensors and peripheral equipment for oil and gas pipeline leakage monitoring provides security for the normal operation of oil and gas pipelines. It has good economic and social benefits.

technical background

The energy industry is the basic industry of the national economy, and it is also a technology-intensive industry. my country's energy production and consumption are among the top in the world, of which oil and natural gas account for about 30% of the total energy consumption. Compared with coal, oil and natural gas are relatively clean energy sources, so oil and gas energy has developed relatively quickly in recent years. As of October 2013, the total length of my country's oil and gas pipelines has reached 106,000 kilometers, and it is expected to reach 150,000 kilometers in 2015.

However, the security situation of oil and gas storage and transportation has always been severe. Frequent accidents and rising casualties have also become the shadow of the rapid development of China's oil and gas pipeline industry. According to an article published by PetroChina's executive magazine "China Petroleum Enterprise", according to incomplete statistics, from 1995 to 2012, there were more than 1,000 various pipeline safety accidents across the country. Heavy and extraordinarily serious accidents that cause a large number of casualties and huge property losses and cause major ecological disasters occur from time to time, and these accidents have seriously affected economic construction and social stability.

Take the recent "11.22" Sinopec Donghuang Oil Pipeline Leakage and Explosion in Qingdao as an example. A total of 62 people were killed and 136 were injured. Several kilometers of roads and a large number of buildings were damaged, and a large amount of crude oil entered the sea. In addition to immeasurable economic losses, the environmental damage caused may take decades to undo. The initial cause of the accident was only an oil pipeline leak.

Traditional oil and gas pipeline leak detection methods, whether it is manual line inspection, internal detection, or external detection, require a long response time, usually between one hour and one day. In this way, even if a leak is found, it may have already caused relatively large losses. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an efficient and real-time online detection device for oil and gas pipeline leakage, and the distributed optical fiber temperature sensor is just the device that can do this task.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a distributed oil and gas pipeline leakage monitoring system. The Raman scattering sensing system can simultaneously monitor the temperature of multiple points on an optical fiber, and can use optical time domain reflection technology to spatially locate the temperature field. The positioning accuracy can reach 1 meter.

The distributed optical fiber Raman temperature sensor compares and analyzes the temperature through the high-precision measurement of the temperature on the sensing optical fiber cable and the reference optical fiber cable, and timely judges the abnormal temperature point, that is, the possible oil and gas leakage point, so as to monitor the leakage point. Positioning; short measurement time, no blind zone in continuous measurement; fast response without hysteresis; sensitive response and high precision; precise addressing and positioning. When the temperature exceeds the set value, a local sound and light alarm signal is sent to remind the on-duty personnel to pay attention; the fire-fighting equipment is started through the peripheral interface to cool down and extinguish the fire; it can also transmit a remote alarm signal through the peripheral interface.

Beneficial effects: a distributed oil and gas pipeline leakage monitoring system collects signals of pipeline temperature changes faster, responds more sensitively, locates leakage points more accurately, and has higher spatial resolution. The temperature of multiple points can be monitored simultaneously on one optical fiber, and the temperature field can be spatially positioned by using optical time domain reflection technology. The oil and gas pipeline leakage system based on distributed optical fiber Raman temperature sensor has short temperature measurement time, no blind zone in continuous measurement, fast response without hysteresis, sensitive response and high precision, and accurate addressing and positioning. It greatly reduces the possibility of accidents such as fires and explosions caused by oil and gas pipeline leakage, has broad application prospects in industrial applications, and has good economic and social benefits.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 A distributed oil and gas pipeline leakage monitoring system.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is further described.

Referring to Fig. 1, a distributed oil and gas pipeline leakage monitoring system disclosed by the utility model includes a distributed optical fiber Raman temperature sensor (11), a sensing optical cable (12), an alarm device (13), and a fire-fighting equipment interface (14) and a remote communication interface (15). In the illustration, the sensing optical cable (12) is a 4-core optical cable with metal armor, and two sensing optical fibers are respectively laid above and below the oil and gas pipeline to sense the temperature around the oil and gas pipeline in real time. Fiber backup. The sensing optical cable (12) is connected with the distributed optical fiber Raman temperature sensor (11) at the same time, and the temperature of each point of the oil and gas pipeline is measured in real time by the distributed optical fiber Raman temperature sensor, and the temperature value is read every 30 seconds. One point is read at 1 meter. Under normal circumstances, the measured temperature value is consistent with the ambient temperature; when oil and gas leakage occurs, the temperature value at the leak point will be significantly different from the normal temperature value. When the temperature difference exceeds the alarm value set by the system, the system will start Alarm device (13) sends sound and light signal to the police. The intensity of the sound alarm reaches more than 120 decibels, and the alarm light signal is red light flashing more than 5 Hz. While sending the local sound and light alarm signal, the remote alarm signal can be sent through the remote communication interface (15), the telephone alarm signal can be sent through the RJ-45 interface, and the network alarm signal can also be sent through the 10M/100Mb/s Ethernet interface. In an emergency, the fire-fighting equipment is directly activated through the fire-fighting equipment interface (14) to cool down or extinguish the fire.

Claims (6)

1. a distributed monitoring leak from oil gas pipe system, the on-line monitoring of oil and gas leakage is realized by the temperature variation of Real-Time Monitoring oil and gas pipes, comprise distributed optical fiber Raman temperature sensor (11), sensing optic cable (12), warning device (13), fire-protection equipment interface (14) and remote communication interface (15), sensing optic cable (12) is laid in monitored oil and gas pipes surface, and be connected with distributed optical fiber Raman temperature sensor (11), distributed optical fiber Raman temperature sensor (11) Emission Lasers pulse enters sensing optic cable (12) and collects scattered light signal, the temperature of real-time measurement oil and gas pipes, warning device (13), fire-protection equipment interface (14) is connected with distributed optical fiber Raman temperature sensor (11) with remote communication interface (15).

2. the distributed monitoring leak from oil gas pipe system of one according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the operation wavelength of described distributed optical fiber Raman temperature sensor (11) is 1550 nanometers, measuring distance is 30 kilometers, thermometric port number easily extensible to 16.

3. the distributed monitoring leak from oil gas pipe system of one according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described sensing optic cable (12) is 4 core metal armored optical fiber cables, and simple optical fiber meets ITU-TG.652 standard.

4. the distributed monitoring leak from oil gas pipe system of one according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described warning device (13) is that loudspeaker power is greater than 120 decibels, sound frequency is the acoustic-optic alarm of 800HZ and red flashing light.

5. the distributed monitoring leak from oil gas pipe system of one according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described fire-protection equipment interface (14) is the interface connecting distributed optical fiber Raman temperature sensor and peripheral fire-protection equipment, meets MOTOBUS bus protocol or RS485 bus protocol.

6. the distributed monitoring leak from oil gas pipe system of one according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described remote communication interface (15) is the interface being provided remote alarm signal by existing communication network, comprises RJ-45 and 10M/100Mb/s communication interface.