CN204491518U - A kind of ecological revetment structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an ecological revetment structure. The revetment structure includes an adsorption filter layer and a bottom mud ecological bag layer arranged from bottom to top along the revetment foundation slope, and the adsorption filter layer is graded gravel, zeolite and pulverized coal. A layered structure formed by laying ash, and a three-dimensional vegetation net is laid on the top of the adsorption filter layer. The bottom mud ecological bag layer is formed by stacking ecological bags filled with bottom mud and fine sand inside. Plants on the ecological bags There are heavy metal hyperaccumulator plants and landscape plants. The utility model utilizes the bottom mud after dredging of rivers and lakes in situ, and further absorbs and filters the pollutants and eutrophication substances of the bottom mud through layered revetment structures and vegetation planting, which not only achieves harmless bottom mud It also avoids the waste of resources such as planting soil required for revetment construction, and saves the cost of sediment transportation, forming an ecological revetment with beautiful and stable structure and outstanding ecological effects.

Description

An ecological revetment structure

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of revetment design and construction of rivers, lakes and other water bodies, in particular to an ecological revetment structure, in particular to an ecological water revetment structure constructed using river and lake bottom mud in water body treatment projects.

Background technique

A large amount of sediment in rivers and lakes and other waters seriously affects flood control, shipping and water regulation and storage functions. And as a large amount of pollutants are enriched in the sediment, when the water environment is disturbed, part of the pollutants in the sediment can return to the water phase from the sediment. Sediment has become an important pollution source of water pollution in rivers and lakes, and has a persistent impact on water areas. Therefore, sediment dredging is the most effective method in urban river and lake remediation and sediment pollution control. However, the dredged sediment often contains a large amount of toxic heavy metals and other organic pollutants, and a large amount of land is required for storage. Moreover, rainfall and surface erosion will cause the pollutants in the sediment to infiltrate or laterally seep with the runoff, causing serious damage to the water environment. Secondary pollution. In the process of transportation, the sediment is also easy to pollute the environment, and the freight is high.

On the other hand, the bottom mud also contains a large amount of N, P and other substances needed for plant growth. If the dredged bottom mud is harmlessly treated and then used as a resource to turn waste into treasure, it will not only solve the problem of bottom mud remediation It can also produce certain economic benefits and make environmental protection dredging on the road of sustainable development.

In river and lake construction, revetment ecology represents the development direction of revetment technology. Ecological revetment abandons channelized and hardened revetment methods, uses plants or a combination of plants and civil engineering to protect the slopes of rivers and lakes, pursues the natural landform and natural section shape of the water area, and maintains the mutual penetration of river water and soil. Enhance the self-purification capacity of the river, and achieve a revetment form with ecological functions and natural landscape effects.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to solve the above problems, and propose an ecological revetment structure, so that the bottom mud after dredging of rivers and lakes is used as revetment material for ecological revetment construction.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides an ecological revetment structure, which includes an adsorption filter layer and a bottom mud ecological bag layer arranged from bottom to top along the bank revetment foundation slope, and the adsorption filter layer is graded A layered structure made of gravel, zeolite and fly ash. A three-dimensional vegetation net is laid above the adsorption filter layer. The bottom mud ecological bag layer is formed by stacking ecological bags filled with bottom mud and fine sand. Heavy metal super-accumulating plants and landscape plants are planted on the ecological bag.

Preferably, the vertical height ratio of the bottom mud ecological bag layer to the adsorption filter layer is 1:1˜3:2.

Preferably, the thickness of the adsorption filter layer is 10-30 cm, the particle size of the graded gravel is 2-15 cm, the particle size of the zeolite is 1-5 cm, and the particle size of the fly ash is 0.5-1 cm .

Preferably, the revetment structure further includes a retaining wall arranged at the bottom of the revetment foundation slope, the retaining wall is 30-50 cm higher than the bottom end of the adsorption filter layer, and the retaining wall (7) is a permeable retaining wall , at least for gabion nets or deep water piles.

Preferably, the revetment structure further includes planting soil laid on the three-dimensional plant net (2) and aquatic or wet plants planted in the planting soil.

Preferably, the bottom sludge is the dredged bottom sludge of rivers and lakes after dehydration and weight reduction, adding heavy metal chelating agent, curing agent and heavy metal polluting microorganisms for harmless treatment.

Based on the above-mentioned technical scheme, the utility model has the advantages of:

The utility model utilizes the dredged bottom mud of rivers and lakes in situ, and applies it to the revetment construction of rivers and lakes after it is harmlessly treated, and further pollutes the bottom mud through layered revetment structures and vegetation planting It not only achieves the harmless resource utilization of bottom mud, but also avoids the waste of resources such as planting soil required for bank revetment construction, saves the cost of bottom mud transportation, and forms a beautiful and stable structure. , an ecological revetment with outstanding ecological effects.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings described here are used to provide a further understanding of the utility model and constitute a part of the application. The schematic embodiments of the utility model and their descriptions are used to explain the utility model and do not constitute improper limitations to the utility model. In the attached picture:

Fig. 1 is the vertical direction schematic diagram of ecological revetment structure;

Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the cross-section of the ecological revetment structure;

Among them, 1~ revetment foundation; 2~ three-dimensional vegetation net; 3~ adsorption filter layer; 4~ sediment ecological bag layer; 5~ ecological bag; 6~ heavy metal super-enriched plants and landscape plants; 7~ retaining wall.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions of the present utility model will be further described in detail through the drawings and embodiments below.

The utility model provides an ecological revetment structure, which includes an adsorption filter layer 3 and a bottom mud ecological bag layer 4 arranged from bottom to top along a revetment foundation slope 1 . The vertical height of the bottom mud ecological bag layer 4 and the adsorption filter layer 3 can be adjusted according to the revetment height. Preferably, the vertical height ratio of the bottom mud ecological bag layer to the adsorption filter layer can be set to 1:1˜3:2.

The bottom mud ecological bag layer 4 is formed by stacking ecological bags 5 filled with bottom mud and fine sand. Plants 6 are planted on the ecological bag 5, and the plants 6 are heavy metal super-accumulating plants and other landscape plants. The bottom mud ecological bag layer 4 adopts water-permeable and soil-impermeable environment-friendly ecological bags 5, which are connected together by a tight locking structure, and form a flexible and stable revetment structure after multi-layer stacking. The ecological bag 5 is a bag made of polypropylene or polyester fiber. Generally, the specification of the ecological bag 5 is 815×440mm. When plants are planted on the ecological bag 5, the roots can pass through the ecological bag. The bag 5 enters the rock-soil base to achieve reinforcement, forming a stable revetment body.

The filler in the ecological bag 5 is planting soil formed by mixing dehydrated and pulverized water body bottom mud and fine sand according to a volume ratio of 1:1-2:1. Preferably, the bottom sludge is the dredged bottom sludge of rivers and lakes after dehydration and weight reduction, adding heavy metal chelating agents, curing agents and microorganisms capable of degrading heavy metal pollution for harmless treatment. Because the bottom mud of the water body contains heavy metals, it is necessary to add heavy metal chelating agents, curing agents, and microorganisms that can degrade heavy metal pollution before use, so as to chelate and solidify heavy metals in the bottom mud and absorb microorganisms or biologically oxidize and reduce them. It reduces the moving rate and toxic effect of heavy metal ions, avoids bringing heavy metals into water bodies when there is heavy rainfall or water volume, and prevents pollution of the water environment.

Further, the ecological bag 5 is planted with soil heavy metal hyper-accumulating plants 6, such as vetiver, centipede grass, carex, Indian mustard and the like. In addition, in order to ensure the landscape effect, other landscape shrubs can be configured. Through chemical chelation and solidification, microbial adsorption and plant enrichment, and nutrient metabolism of sediment nutrients, the pollution of heavy metals, N, P and other substances to water bodies is weakened.

In order to prevent a small amount of heavy metal pollutants and N, P in the bottom mud ecological bag layer 4 from seeping or losing into the water body and polluting water resources, an adsorption filter layer 3 is set near the water surface below the ecological bag layer 4 . The adsorption filter layer 3 is a layered structure paved with graded gravel, zeolite and fly ash, and a three-dimensional vegetation net 2 is laid on the top of the adsorption filter layer 3 . Preferably, the ratio of graded gravel, zeolite and fly ash in the adsorption filter layer 3 is 6:2:2˜4:3:3.

Furthermore, the particle size of the graded gravel is 2 cm to 15 cm, the particle size of the zeolite is 1 cm to 5 cm, and the particle size of the fly ash is 0.5 cm to 1 cm. The thickness of this layer can be adjusted in a series according to the slope, etc., and generally can be set to 10cm-30cm. The graded gravel, zeolite, and fly ash can effectively absorb and filter pollutants such as heavy metals, N, and P that are dissolved in the bottom mud in the ecological bag 5 due to rainwater washing, watering and maintenance, or rising water levels. Among them, graded gravel can stabilize the structure of the layer and play the role of adsorption and filtration; zeolite has a strong adsorption effect on nitrogen in the sediment; besides adsorbing phosphorus, fly ash can also play a good role in the adsorption of heavy metals in water. Adsorption, thus basically eliminating the pollution of the sediment to the water body in the revetment.

A skeleton structure can also be set in the adsorption filter layer 3 to stabilize the bank and fix the mixture in the adsorption filter layer 3 . In order to obtain a better effect, preferably, the revetment structure also includes planting soil laid on the three-dimensional plant net 2 and aquatic or wet plants planted in the planting soil with water purification function and landscape effect, The pollutants in the sediment are absorbed and purified again. Through the adsorption filtration of graded gravel, zeolite and fly ash and the double purification of wet plants, it can effectively eliminate the pollution of harmful substances to the water body.

In order to fix the adsorption filter layer 3 not to slide down due to water erosion or a steeper slope, especially when the slope of the revetment foundation slope 1 is greater than 45°, a retaining wall 7 can be set at the bottom of the revetment foundation slope 1 , the retaining wall 7 is 30-50 cm higher than the bottom end of the adsorption filter layer 3, and the retaining wall 7 is a retaining wall with a water-permeable function, such as a gabion net or a deep-water pile. The utility model utilizes the dredged bottom mud of rivers and lakes in situ, and applies it to the revetment construction of river and lake water bodies after it is harmlessly treated, and further reduces the sedimentation of the bottom mud through layered revetment structures and vegetation planting. Pollutants and eutrophic substances are absorbed and filtered, which not only achieves the harmless utilization of sediment resources, but also avoids the waste of resources such as planting soil required for bank revetment construction, saves the cost of sediment transportation, and forms a beautiful structure. Stable and ecological revetment with outstanding ecological effect.

The ecological revetment structure of the present utility model can be constructed through the following steps:

A. Conduct harmless treatment of the dredged sediment of rivers and lakes, crush the treated sediment and mix it with fine sand for later use. Specifically, after the river and lake dredging sediment is dehydrated and reduced on the spot, heavy metal chelating agents, curing agents, and microorganisms that can degrade heavy metal pollution are added to carry out harmless treatment of heavy metals and other pollutants in the sediment, and finally Crush the treated bottom mud and mix it with fine sand in a volume ratio of 1:1 to 2:1 for later use.

B. Treat the revetment foundation slope 1 according to the height and slope required by the revetment design to meet the construction requirements.

C. Lay graded gravel, zeolite and fly ash on the revetment foundation slope 1 to form an adsorption filter layer 3, and lay a three-dimensional vegetation net 2 on the adsorption filter layer 3 for fixing. Specifically, first lay graded gravel, zeolite, and fly ash on the working surface. The volume ratio of the three is 6:2:2 to 4:3:3. If the slope is greater than 45 degrees, you can set The skeleton structure fixes the main material in the adsorption filter layer 3 . The particle diameter of the graded gravel is 2cm-15cm, the particle diameter of the zeolite is 1cm-5cm, and the particle diameter of the fly ash is 0.5cm-1cm. The thickness of this layer can be adjusted in a series according to the slope, etc., and generally can be set to 10cm-30cm. Then the three-dimensional vegetation net 2 is laid on the adsorption filter layer 3 for fixing. Finally, cover the surface of the three-dimensional vegetation net with about 2 to 10 cm of garden loam, and plant aquatic or wet plants with water purification functions and landscape effects.

D, the pretreated bottom mud and fine sand in step A are filled in the ecological bag 5, and the ecological bag 5 is stacked on the revetment foundation slope 1 above the adsorption filter layer 3 to form bottom mud Eco bag layer 4. Specifically, first, add heavy metal chelating agent, curing agent, and heavy metal polluting microorganisms to the aforementioned bottom mud, and the type and dosage need to be determined according to the type and content of the heavy metal. Then, the treated bottom mud and fine sand are mixed into the ecological bag 5 in a ratio of 1:1 to 2:1 by volume. Finally, in the upper layer of the revetment, stack and fix multiple layers according to the ecological bag revetment laying specification to form a stable and flexible revetment body.

E. Planting plants 6 on the ecological bag 5, the plants 6 are heavy metal hyper-accumulating plants and other landscape plants, after which routine maintenance is performed.

Preferably, when the slope of the revetment foundation slope 1 is greater than 45°, the step B further includes setting a retaining wall 7 at the bottom of the revetment foundation slope 1 .

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present utility model and not limit it; although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: still The specific implementation of the utility model can be modified or some technical features can be equivalently replaced; without departing from the spirit of the technical solution of the utility model, all of them should be included in the scope of the technical solution claimed by the utility model.

Claims (6)

1. an ecological revetment structure, it is characterized in that: described bank protection structure comprises the adsorption filtration layer (3) and bed mud ecology bag layer (4) that arrange along bank revetment foundation domatic (1) from bottom to top, described adsorption filtration layer (3) is layer structure, the top of described adsorption filtration layer (3) is also equipped with three-dimension vegetative net (2), the ecology bag (5) that described bed mud ecology bag layer (4) fills bed mud and fine sand by inside is piled up and is formed, and the upper kind of described ecology bag (5) is implanted with heavy metal super-enriched type plant and landscape plant (6).

2. bank protection structure according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described bed mud ecology bag layer (4) is 1:1 ~ 3:2 with the vertical height ratio of described adsorption filtration layer (3).

3. bank protection structure according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the thickness of described adsorption filtration layer (3) is 10 ~ 30cm.

4. bank protection structure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described bank protection structure also comprises the barricade (7) being arranged on bank revetment foundation domatic (1) face toe, described barricade (7) is higher than the bottom 30 ~ 50cm of described adsorption filtration layer (3), and described barricade (7) is permeable barricade, be at least gabion box or deep water stake.

5. bank protection structure according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described bank protection structure also comprises the planting soil being laid on described three-dimensional plant net (2) and the aquatic or hygrophyte be planted in described planting soil.

6. bank protection structure according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described bed mud is the river and lake dredging bed mud after harmless treatment.