CN204361210U - A kind of Thermal Management System for EV Battery Packs - Google Patents
A kind of Thermal Management System for EV Battery Packs Download PDFInfo
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- CN204361210U CN204361210U CN201420824342.0U CN201420824342U CN204361210U CN 204361210 U CN204361210 U CN 204361210U CN 201420824342 U CN201420824342 U CN 201420824342U CN 204361210 U CN204361210 U CN 204361210U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of Thermal Management System for EV Battery Packs, comprise the case liquid-circulating path being positioned at Battery case inside and the outer liquid-circulating path of the case being positioned at Battery case outside; In case, liquid-circulating path comprises heating unit A, heat exchanger A, hydraulic pump A, triple valve A and assignment of traffic unit; The outer liquid-circulating path of case comprises fuel heater, switch valve, switch valve C, heat exchanger B, switch valve A, triple valve B, radiator, air-conditioning system, fluid reservoir and switch valve D.Under making battery system remain at good working temperature under charged state and different transport conditions, ensure temperature equalization between each battery cell and reduce the heat management energy consumption of battery system, thus ensure to adopt rational heat management mode to carry out heat management to battery system under different vehicle-states, extend the useful life of battery system, reduce use cost and the car load energy consumption of battery of electric vehicle.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to batteries of electric automobile field of heat management, more specifically relates to a kind of Thermal Management System for EV Battery Packs, is applicable to the heat management of electrokinetic cell in charging and discharging process.
Background technology
Battery is the critical component of electric automobile, directly has influence on the performance of electric automobile.And the working temperature of battery has vital impact for the useful life of battery and the performance of battery.The too low meeting of temperature makes battery discharge power and capacity be affected, and causes vehicle performance significantly to reduce; Temperature is too high, and battery cycle life will be affected, and therefore carries out heat management to battery and is very important.
Chinese patent literature discloses the battery thermal management system that application number is 201110210364.9, this system is by power brick, water tank, the first liquid circulation circuit that water pump and radiator are formed, cooling structure and heater is connected successively to form the second liquid circulation circuit between water pump and power brick, first liquid circulation circuit and the second liquid circulation circuit are provided with the electromagnetically operated valve only controlling respective liquid circulation circuit, power brick is provided with temperature sensor, battery management unit, temperature sensor, water pump, first electromagnetically operated valve, second electromagnetically operated valve, cooling structure is all connected with entire car controller with heater, entire car controller receives the detection signal of temperature sensor and controls water pump, two electromagnetically operated valves, cooling structure, heater and battery management unit work, thus power brick is worked in rational temperature.But this invention has the following disadvantages: 1, this invention adopts unique mode of heating that Electric heating heats as battery pack, in case of a cold start, does not explain the energy source of heater in detail; 2, heater and refrigerator device to be connected in the same circuit and not to take Insulation by this invention, simultaneously, whole circulation line is longer, therefore, when ambient temperature is lower, radiating effect due to cooling device and circulation line can cause the loss of energy, reduces the operating efficiency of system; 3, when this system enables air conditioner refrigerating cooling and radiator cooling at the same time, cooling device and radiator are in position relationship in parallel, and the fluid flow flowing through cooling device and radiator is not controlled in the invention, cause the control imperfection to cooling procedure.
At present, the heater of most of heat management system is Electric heating, and at low ambient temperatures, the energy source of electric heater unit has very large problem, if adopt the electricity of battery pack self to heat it, because battery pack does not reach suitable working temperature at the beginning, therefore larger injury can be produced to battery pack, simultaneously due to the consumption of electricity, also reduce the flying power of electric motor car.
Meanwhile, the working life of the temperature contrast between different battery cell to whole battery pack also has a great impact, although there has been certain methods to go to address this problem, the temperature equalization problem between battery cell still awaits being resolved further.In addition, for how making battery reach suitable working temperature under low temperature environment fast thus the driving conditions meeting electric automobile is also the problem that needs solve.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is to provide a kind of Thermal Management System for EV Battery Packs, under making battery system remain at good working temperature under charged state and different transport conditions, ensure temperature equalization between each battery cell and reduce the heat management energy consumption of battery system, thus ensure to adopt rational heat management mode to carry out heat management to battery system under different vehicle-states, extend the useful life of battery system, reduce use cost and the car load energy consumption of battery of electric vehicle.
For solving the problem, the technical scheme of the battery of electric vehicle heat management system adopted herein is, by reference to the accompanying drawings:
A kind of Thermal Management System for EV Battery Packs, comprise Battery case 1, battery pack 2, control unit 19, battery pack 2 is arranged in Battery case 1, and battery pack 2 is made up of at least two battery modules, and each battery module comprises at least two battery cells; This system comprises the case liquid-circulating path being positioned at Battery case 1 inside and the outer liquid-circulating path of the case being positioned at Battery case 1 outside;
Wherein, in case, liquid-circulating path comprises heating unit A3, heat exchanger A4, hydraulic pump A5, triple valve A6 and assignment of traffic unit 7; Heating unit A3 is connected with heat exchanger A4, and the battery cell of heat exchanger A4 and battery pack 2 fits tightly, and the heat of the heat-exchange fluid flow through wherein and the heat of battery cell is exchanged; Triple valve A6 entrance is connected with hydraulic pump A5, and an outlet is connected with heating unit A3, and the outer liquid-circulating path of case of Battery case 1 is led in another outlet; Assignment of traffic unit 7 carries out assignment of traffic to the heat-exchange fluid flow through wherein, and assignment of traffic unit 7 entrance is connected with hydraulic pump A5, and outlet is connected with heat exchanger A4;
The outer liquid-circulating path of case comprises fuel heater 8, switch valve B9, switch valve C10, heat exchanger B11, switch valve A12, triple valve B13, radiator 14, air-conditioning system 20, fluid reservoir 21 and switch valve D22; Switch valve B9 and switch valve C10 are all connected with the same outlet of triple valve A, and the switch valve B9 other end is connected with fuel heater 8, and the switch valve C10 other end is connected with heat exchanger B11; Switch valve A12 is connected between air-conditioning system 20 and heat exchanger B11, forms the fluid loop of air-conditioning system 20; Heat exchanger B11 is connected with the entrance of triple valve B13 simultaneously, and two outlets of triple valve B13 connect radiator 14 and hydraulic pump B16 respectively; Switch valve D22 one end is connected with heating unit A3, and the other end is connected with fuel heater 8 with fluid reservoir 21; Fluid reservoir 21 connects fuel heater 8, hydraulic pump B16 and radiator 14 respectively; Radiator 14 is supporting fan 15;
Temperature sensor is distributed with in liquid-circulating path and the outer liquid-circulating path of case in Battery case 1, case;
This system also comprises charger 17, the source of heat management system electric energy is realized by electromagnetic switch 18, when charger 17 is connected with electrical network, electromagnetic switch 18 is connected with charger 17, be that battery thermal management system is powered by grid side electric energy, when charger 17 is not connected with electrical network, electromagnetic switch 18 is connected with battery pack 2, by battery pack 2 for battery thermal management system is powered.
The improvement project of described a kind of Thermal Management System for EV Battery Packs, described heat exchanger A4 is made up of multiple heat exchange module, the corresponding battery module of each heat exchange module, works alone between each Switching Module, for the battery module of correspondence carries out heat management.
The improvement project of described a kind of Thermal Management System for EV Battery Packs, described assignment of traffic unit 7 is provided with an entrance and multiple outlet, each outlet is corresponding with a heat exchange module of heat exchanger A4 to be connected, and assignment of traffic unit 7 distributes the flow that it respectively exports.
The improvement project of described a kind of Thermal Management System for EV Battery Packs, described heating unit adopts electric heating.
The utility model provides a kind of method of work of Thermal Management System for EV Battery Packs simultaneously, and it comprises parallel heat management process and battery temperature balance control procedure;
Wherein, heat management process comprises the following steps:
Step one, judge the ambient temperature of system: preset four temperature thresholds, the temperature value of four temperature thresholds is followed successively by the second temperature threshold, the first temperature threshold, the 3rd temperature threshold, the 4th temperature threshold from low to high, the temperature of battery pack 2 is compared in real time with four temperature thresholds;
Step 2, when battery pack 2 temperature is lower than the first temperature threshold, need to heat battery pack 2:
1) first detect electric motor car and whether be in charged state;
1.1) if electric motor car is in charged state:
Enable first circulatory system: now triple valve A6 exports and heating unit A3 UNICOM, is heated by heating unit A3 to heat-exchange fluid, and drive heat-exchange fluid in battery case inner loop by hydraulic pump A5, complete the heating to battery pack 2;
1.2) if electric motor car is not in charged state:
1.2.1) if battery pack 2 temperature is higher than the second temperature threshold, start first circulatory system: by heating unit A3, heat-exchange fluid is heated, and drive heat-exchange fluid in battery case inner loop by hydraulic pump A5, complete the heating to battery pack 2;
1.2.2) if the temperature of battery pack 2 is lower than the second temperature threshold, start second circulatory system: now triple valve A6 outlet is to switch valve B9 and switch valve C10, and switch valve B opens, switch valve C10 closes, switch valve D22 opens, heated by fuel heater 8 pairs of heat-exchange fluids, heating unit A3 does not work, hydraulic pump A5 drives heat-exchange fluid to flow through fuel heater 8, and the heat-exchange fluid through heating heats battery pack 2 in the process flowing through heat exchanger A4;
Step 3, when battery pack 2 temperature is higher than the 3rd temperature threshold, battery pack 2 to be cooled:
1) if battery pack 2 temperature higher than the 3rd temperature threshold lower than the 4th temperature threshold, start third circulation system: triple valve A6 exports UNICOM to switch valve B9 and switch valve C10, and switch valve B9 closes, switch valve C10 opens, switch valve D22 opens, triple valve B13 entrance and heat exchanger B11 UNICOM, triple valve B13 exports UNICOM to radiator 14, and switch valve A12 closes; Hydraulic pump A5 drives heat-exchange fluid to flow through radiator 14, realizes the cooling to battery pack 2;
2) if battery pack 2 temperature is higher than the 4th temperature threshold, start the 4th circulatory system: on the basis of described third circulation system, switch valve A12 is in opening and the cooling condition of air-conditioning system 20 is opened; Controller controls air-conditioning system 20 and freezes, and switch valve A12 opens, and cold-producing medium flows through heat exchanger B11 under the driving of air-conditioning system 20; Meanwhile, heat-exchange fluid flows out under the driving of hydraulic pump A5 from heat exchanger A4, then tentatively dispels the heat through radiator 14, then flows through heat exchanger B, and realizes heat exchange with the cold-producing medium in air-conditioning system 20, thus realizes the cooling to battery pack 2.
The improvement project of the method for work of described a kind of Thermal Management System for EV Battery Packs, in described heat management process, when needs heat interior, start the 5th circulatory system: now triple valve A6 is not connected with switch valve B9 and switch valve C10, and switch valve A12, switch valve B9, switch valve C10 all open, switch valve D22 closes, and triple valve B13 UNICOM is to hydraulic pump B16; Heat-exchange fluid, under the driving of hydraulic pump B16, flows through fuel heater 8 and is heated, and then by switch valve B and switch valve C10 inflow heat exchanger B11; Meanwhile, air-conditioning system 20 drives cold-producing medium through switch valve A12 inflow heat exchanger B11, makes heat-exchange fluid and cold-producing medium realize heat exchange in heat exchanger B11.
The improvement project of the method for work of described a kind of Thermal Management System for EV Battery Packs, described battery temperature balance control procedure refers to: the mean temperature of control unit 19 pairs of each battery modules of battery pack 2 and the mean temperature of whole battery pack 2 compare, according to comparative result, flow allocation units 7 are controlled, adjustment flows into the flow of the heat-exchange fluid of each battery module, to realize the temperature equalization in battery pack 2 between each battery module.
The utility model provides a kind of Thermal Management System for EV Battery Packs and method of work thereof, under making battery system remain at good working temperature under charged state and different transport conditions, ensure temperature equalization between each battery cell and reduce the heat management energy consumption of battery system, thus ensure to adopt rational heat management mode to carry out heat management to battery system under different vehicle-states, extend the useful life of battery system, reduce use cost and the car load energy consumption of battery of electric vehicle.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of Thermal Management System for EV Battery Packs structural representation;
Fig. 2 is a kind of Thermal Management System for EV Battery Packs first circulatory system schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is a kind of Thermal Management System for EV Battery Packs second circulatory system schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is a kind of Thermal Management System for EV Battery Packs third circulation system schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is a kind of Thermal Management System for EV Battery Packs the 4th circulatory system schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is a kind of Thermal Management System for EV Battery Packs the 5th circulatory system schematic diagram;
Fig. 7 is a kind of Thermal Management System for EV Battery Packs heat management process flow diagram;
Fig. 8 is a kind of Thermal Management System for EV Battery Packs flow distributing system structural representation;
Fig. 9 is that a kind of Thermal Management System for EV Battery Packs assignment of traffic controls schematic diagram.
In figure:
1-Battery case, 2-battery pack, 3-heating unit A, 4-heat exchanger A, 5-hydraulic pump A, 6-triple valve A, 7-assignment of traffic unit, 8-fuel heater, 9-switch valve B, 10-switch valve C, 11-heat exchanger B, 12-switch valve A, 13-triple valve B, 14-radiator, 15-fan, 16-hydraulic pump B, 17-charger, 18-electromagnetic switch, 19-control unit, 20-air-conditioning system, 21-fluid reservoir, 22-switch valve D
Embodiment
The technical solution of the utility model is described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
A kind of Thermal Management System for EV Battery Packs, as shown in Figure 1, whole system forms primarily of with lower part, comprising:
Battery case 1, Battery case 1 inwall scribbles heat-insulating material, has hot isolation effect to make Battery case 1;
Battery pack 2, is arranged in Battery case 1, and battery pack 2 is made up of at least two battery modules A, B, and each battery module comprises at least two battery cells;
Be positioned at the case liquid-circulating path of Battery case 1 inside, mainly comprise:
Heating unit A3, it is connected with heat exchanger A4, and heating unit A3 adopts Electric heating, such as resistance wire, Electric radiant Heating Film etc.;
Heat exchanger A4, fits tightly with the battery cell of battery pack 2, and the heat of the heat-exchange fluid flow through wherein and the heat of battery cell is exchanged, thus heats battery cell or cool.Heat exchanger A4 is divided into different heat exchange module A-A, A-B, work alone between each heat exchange module, each heat exchange module correspond to a battery module, and is responsible for this battery module and carries out heat management, so, can carry out separately the heat management of different battery module.
Hydraulic pump A5, is positioned at the inside of Battery case 1, with assignment of traffic unit 7;
Triple valve A, its entrance is connected with hydraulic pump A, and an outlet is connected with heating unit A, and the outside of Battery case 1 is led in another outlet, for the outer liquid-circulating path of link box.
Assignment of traffic unit 7, carries out assignment of traffic to the heat-exchange fluid flow through wherein.As shown in Figure 7, assignment of traffic unit 7 has an entrance and multiple outlet, and entrance is connected with hydraulic pump A5, and each outlet is connected with a heat exchange module of heat exchanger A4; Assignment of traffic unit 7 can realize distributing the flow of each outlet, thus controls the flow of the heat-exchange fluid of each heat exchange module of inflow heat exchanger A4, and then carries out heat management targetedly to each battery module.
Be positioned at the outer liquid-circulating path of case of Battery case 1 outside, mainly comprise:
Fuel heater 8, this heating unit adopts fuel mode of heating to heat the heat-exchange fluid flowed through wherein, and the fuel of employing is generally alcohol or gasoline etc.
Switch valve B9, one of one end and triple valve A exports and is connected, and one end is connected with fuel heater 8;
Switch valve C10, one of one end and triple valve A exports and is connected, and switch valve B9 is connected with the same outlet of triple valve A with switch valve C10, and the other end is connected with heat exchanger B11;
Heat exchanger B11, is connected with the fluid loop of air-conditioning system 20, is connected simultaneously, thus plays the effect carrying out heat exchange between air-conditioning system 20 and battery thermal management system with the fluid loop of battery thermal management system;
Switch valve A12, is connected between air-conditioning system 20 and heat exchanger B11, controls the circulation of cold-producing medium in heat exchanger B11 in air-conditioning system 20;
Triple valve B13, entrance is connected with heat exchanger B11, and outlet is connected with radiator 14 and hydraulic pump B16 respectively;
Radiator 14, has fin structure, dispels the heat to the heat-exchange fluid flow through wherein; Fan 15 is had, to accelerate the radiating rate of radiator 14 with radiator 14 is supporting;
Fluid reservoir 21, it connects fuel heater 8, hydraulic pump B16 and radiator 14 respectively;
Switch valve D22, its one end is connected with heating unit A3, and one end is connected with fuel heater 8 with fluid reservoir 21;
Simultaneously, some positions in each battery cell surface, heat exchanger A, the correct position outside Battery case 1 are furnished with several temperature sensors, detect respectively to the profiling temperatures of the heat exchanger fluid in the surface temperature of each battery cell, heat exchanger A and ambient temperature equitemperature information; In order to make Fig. 1 more succinctly understandable, do not mark the particular location of each temperature sensor in FIG.
Except above-mentioned two fluid loops, battery thermal management system of the present utility model also comprises a control loop and a current supply circuit;
Control loop forms primarily of control unit 19 is connected with hydraulic pump A, triple valve A, heating unit A, assignment of traffic unit 7, switch valve A12, switch valve B9, switch valve C10, fuel heater 8, air-conditioning system 20, hydraulic pump B, triple valve B13, electromagnetic switch 18, charger 17, each temperature sensor and fan 15 etc., is controlled above-mentioned each element by control unit 19.
Current supply circuit has two kinds of supply power modes, and one is powered by grid side electric energy by charger 17, and another kind adopts battery pack 2 to power, and the switching that the switching of these two kinds of supply power modes controls electromagnetic switch 18 by control unit 19 has come.When charger 17 is connected with electrical network, electromagnetic switch 18 is connected with charger 17, is that battery thermal management system is powered, when charger 17 is not connected with electrical network by grid side electric energy, electromagnetic switch 18 is connected with battery pack 2, by battery pack 2 for battery thermal management system is powered.Control unit 19 itself is powered by battery pack 2 always.The devices such as hydraulic pump A, triple valve A, heating unit A, assignment of traffic unit 7, switch valve A, switch valve B9, switch valve C10, air-conditioning system 20, hydraulic pump B, triple valve B, electromagnetic switch 18, charger 17, each temperature sensor and fan 15 are all electrically connected with this current supply circuit.
Introduce the mode of operation of a kind of Thermal Management System for EV Battery Packs of the utility model below in detail.
By the control to triple valve A6, switch valve A12, switch valve B, switch valve C10, triple valve B13, hydraulic pump A5 and hydraulic pump B16, battery thermal management system of the present utility model has 5 kinds of mode of operations:
First circulatory system pattern: now triple valve A6 entrance and hydraulic pump A5 UNICOM, triple valve A6 exports and heating unit A3 UNICOM; Hydraulic pump A5, triple valve A6, heating unit A3, heat exchanger A4 and assignment of traffic unit 7 constitute the internal circulation system of heat management system, are referred to as first circulatory system, as shown in Figure 2.First circulatory system is mainly used in the heating to battery pack 2.It is inner that this fluid circulation system is positioned at Battery case 1 completely, has the advantages that not to be vulnerable to ambient temperature impact.
Second circulatory system pattern: now triple valve A6 entrance and hydraulic pump A5 UNICOM, triple valve A6 outlet is to switch valve B9 and switch valve C10, and switch valve B opens, and switch valve C10 closes, and switch valve D22 opens; Hydraulic pump A5, triple valve A6, switch valve B, fuel heater 8, heating unit A3, heat exchanger A4 and assignment of traffic unit 7 constitute second circulatory system, as shown in Figure 3.Second circulatory system is mainly used in the heating to battery pack 2.In this mode, it is outside also very near Battery case 1 that fuel heater 8 is connected in parallel on Battery case 1, the advantage of this arrangement is the length shortening whole liquid-circulating, decrease thermal loss, simultaneously because pipeline is shorter, therefore the heat-exchange fluid be present in pipeline is less, can improve the firing rate to heat-exchange fluid, realizes the Fast Heating to battery pack 2.
Third circulation system pattern: now triple valve A6 entrance and hydraulic pump A5 UNICOM, triple valve A6 exports UNICOM to switch valve B9 and switch valve C10, and switch valve B9 closes, switch valve C10 opens, switch valve D22 opens, triple valve B13 entrance and heat exchanger B11 UNICOM, triple valve B13 exports UNICOM to radiator 14, and switch valve A12 closes; Hydraulic pump A5, triple valve A6, switch valve C10, triple valve B13, radiator 14, fluid reservoir 21, heating unit A3, heat exchanger A4 and assignment of traffic unit 7 constitute third circulation system, as shown in Figure 4.Third circulation system is mainly used in the cooling to battery pack 2, and in this mode, heating unit A3 does not work.Now, the heat that battery pack 2 produces, after the exchange through over-heat-exchanger A4, is dispersed in environment by radiator 14, and fan 15 plays the effect strengthening radiator 14 radiating effect.Meanwhile, the pipeline due to whole system is longer and have the existence of fluid reservoir 21, therefore, under the 3rd liquid-circulating operating mode, heat exchanger fluid in fluid loop is more, can play the effect of buffer battery group 2 variations in temperature to a certain extent, is conducive to the stable of battery pack 2 temperature.
4th circulatory system pattern: on the basis of third circulation system, switch valve A12 is in opening and the cooling condition of air-conditioning system 20 is opened, be then the 4th circulatory system of battery thermal management system of the present utility model, as shown in Figure 5.This operating mode is used for cooling fast battery pack 2.Now, the heat that battery pack 2 produces is dispersed in environment via radiator 14 on the one hand, on the other hand, when heat-exchange fluid is in heat exchanger B, the cold-producing medium of the heat-exchange fluid in heat management loop and air-conditioning system 20 produces heat exchange, temperature reduces, and plays refrigeration, to strengthen the cooling effect to battery pack 2.
5th circulatory system pattern: now triple valve A6 is not connected with switch valve B9 and switch valve C10, and switch valve A12, switch valve B9, switch valve C10 all open, switch valve D22 closes, and triple valve B13 UNICOM is to hydraulic pump B16; Fuel heater 8, switch valve B, switch valve C10, heat exchanger B11, triple valve B13, hydraulic pump B16, fluid reservoir 21, switch valve A12 and air-conditioning system 20 constitute the 5th circulatory system, as shown in Figure 6.This operating mode is used for heating the cold-producing medium in air-conditioning system 20, and then provides heat for the heating in compartment.Under this operating mode, hydraulic pump B16 drives flow of heat exchange fluid, is heated when heat-exchange fluid is through fuel heater 8, and then the cold-producing medium when flowing through heat exchanger B11 and in air-conditioning system 20 produces heat exchange, for air-conditioning system 20 provides heat, thus for providing heat in compartment.
The method of work of a kind of Thermal Management System for EV Battery Packs of the utility model is described in detail below in conjunction with mode of operation.
A kind of course of work of Thermal Management System for EV Battery Packs comprises parallel heat management process and battery temperature balance control procedure.
As shown in Figure 7, heat management process comprises the following steps:
Step one, first judge when the temperature of the surroundings is low, to need the ambient temperature of system to carry out heat treated to battery pack 2, and when ambient temperature is higher, need to carry out cooling processing to battery pack 2.When judging ambient temperature, preset four temperature thresholds, first threshold and Second Threshold temperature lower, for judging that battery pack 2 is the need of heating, and the second temperature threshold is lower than the second temperature threshold; 3rd temperature threshold and the 4th temperature threshold temperature higher, for judging that battery pack 2 is the need of cooling, and the 4th temperature threshold is higher than the 3rd temperature threshold; The temperature of battery pack 2 is compared in real time with temperature threshold.
Step 2, when detecting the temperature of battery pack 2 lower than the first temperature threshold, need to heat battery pack 2:
1) first detect electric motor car and whether be in charged state;
1.1) if electric motor car is in charged state:
Enable first circulatory system, by heating unit A3, heat-exchange fluid is heated, and drive heat-exchange fluid in battery case inner loop by hydraulic pump A5, complete the heating to battery pack 2.
1.2) if electric motor car is not in charged state:
1.2.1) if battery pack 2 temperature is higher than the second temperature threshold, then start first circulatory system, by heating unit A3, heat-exchange fluid is heated, and drive heat-exchange fluid in battery case inner loop by hydraulic pump A5, complete the heating to battery pack 2.Described second temperature threshold is lower than the first temperature threshold.
1.2.2) if the temperature of battery pack 2 is lower than the second temperature threshold, then start second circulatory system, heated by fuel heater 8 pairs of heat-exchange fluids.Now, heating unit A3 does not work, and hydraulic pump A5 drives heat-exchange fluid to flow through fuel heater 8, and the heat-exchange fluid through heating heats battery pack 2 in the process flowing through heat exchanger A4.Because fuel heater 8 is close to Battery case 1, the circulating path of whole second circulatory system is shorter, and firing rate is fast, and energy loss is little, can realize the Fast Heating to battery pack 2.
Step 3, when ambient temperature is higher or electric motor car high-power traveling time, need to cool battery pack 2:
When detecting battery pack 2 temperature higher than the 3rd temperature threshold, battery pack 2 is cooled:
1) if battery pack 2 temperature higher than the 3rd temperature threshold lower than the 4th temperature threshold, start third circulation system, hydraulic pump A5 drives heat-exchange fluid to flow through radiator 14, and cools heat-exchange fluid under the effect of fan 15, realizes the cooling to battery pack 2; Described 4th temperature threshold is higher than the 3rd temperature threshold.
Under some thermal extremes weather or under the operating mode such as high-power traveling that continues of electric motor car, the heat radiation power of radiator 14 can not realize the cooling to battery pack 2 completely, now, starts the 4th circulatory system.
2) if battery pack 2 temperature is higher than the 4th temperature threshold, the 4th circulatory system is started.Under the 4th circulatory system operating mode, controller controls air-conditioning system 20 and freezes, and switch valve A12 opens, and cold-producing medium flows through heat exchanger B under the driving of air-conditioning system 20.Meanwhile, heat-exchange fluid flows out under the driving of hydraulic pump A5 from heat exchanger A4, then tentatively dispels the heat through radiator 14, then flows through heat exchanger B, and realizes heat exchange with the cold-producing medium in air-conditioning system 20, thus realizes the cooling to battery pack 2.
When ambient temperature is lower, if need, to interior heating, the heating that fuel heater 8 assisted air conditioning system 20 in battery thermal management system realizes interior can be utilized.Now, the 5th circulatory system is started.Heat-exchange fluid, under the driving of hydraulic pump B16, flows through fuel heater 8 and is heated, and then by switch valve B and switch valve C10 inflow heat exchanger B11.Simultaneously, air-conditioning system 20 drives cold-producing medium through switch valve A12 inflow heat exchanger B11, such heat-exchange fluid and cold-producing medium realize heat exchange in heat exchanger B11, thus achieve by fuel heater 8 as air-conditioning system 20 provides heat, heat speed with what improve air-conditioning system 20, promote the comfortableness of occupant.
For first, second, third and the 4th state of cyclic operation of the circulatory system, in the course of work of whole heat management system, carry out battery pack 2 temperature balance control in real time:
The mean temperature of control unit 19 pairs of each battery modules of battery pack 2 and the mean temperature of whole battery pack 2 compare, according to comparative result, flow allocation units 7 are controlled, adjustment flows into the flow of the heat-exchange fluid of each battery module, to realize the temperature equalization in battery pack 2 between each battery module.Battery pack 2 temperature balance control and above-mentioned heat management process are parallel to carry out and through in whole heat management process.
As shown in Figure 8, assignment of traffic unit 7, battery pack 2 and heat exchanger A4 form flow distributing system, an execution mode of assignment of traffic unit 7 course of work as shown in Figure 9, when unlatching first circulatory system heats battery pack 2, if the mean temperature of battery module A is lower than the mean temperature of battery pack 2, the mean temperature of battery module B is higher than the mean temperature of battery pack 2, then control flow allocation units 7 by control unit 19, increase the flow of the heat-exchange fluid of the corresponding module A-A flowing into the heat exchanger A4 corresponding with battery module A, reduce the flow of the heat-exchange fluid of the corresponding module A-B flowing into the heat exchange A corresponding with battery module B simultaneously.The design of flow controlling unit 19 can adopt flow valve to realize continuous print flow control or adopt switch valve to realize adjusting stream effect by the unlatching of switch valve and shutoff.
Claims (4)
1. a Thermal Management System for EV Battery Packs, comprise Battery case (1), battery pack (2), control unit (19), battery pack (2) is arranged in Battery case (1), battery pack (2) is made up of at least two battery modules, and each battery module comprises at least two battery cells; It is characterized in that, this system comprises the outer liquid-circulating path of case being positioned at the inner case liquid-circulating path of Battery case (1) and being positioned at Battery case (1) outside;
Wherein, in case, liquid-circulating path comprises heating unit A (3), heat exchanger A (4), hydraulic pump A (5), triple valve A (6) and assignment of traffic unit (7); Heating unit A (3) is connected with heat exchanger A (4), heat exchanger A (4) fits tightly with the battery cell of battery pack (2), and the heat of the heat-exchange fluid flow through wherein and the heat of battery cell is exchanged; Triple valve A (6) entrance is connected with hydraulic pump A (5), and an outlet is connected with heating unit A (3), and the outer liquid-circulating path of case of Battery case (1) is led in another outlet; Assignment of traffic unit (7) carries out assignment of traffic to the heat-exchange fluid flow through wherein, and assignment of traffic unit (7) entrance is connected with hydraulic pump A (5), and outlet is connected with heat exchanger A (4);
The outer liquid-circulating path of case comprises fuel heater (8), switch valve B (9), switch valve C (10), heat exchanger B (11), switch valve A (12), triple valve B (13), radiator (14), air-conditioning system (20) and fluid reservoir (21); Switch valve B (9) is all connected with the same outlet of triple valve A (6) with switch valve C (10), switch valve B (9) other end is connected with fuel heater (8), and switch valve C (10) other end is connected with heat exchanger B (11); Switch valve A (12) is connected between air-conditioning system (20) and heat exchanger B (11), forms the fluid loop of air-conditioning system (20); Heat exchanger B (11) is connected with the entrance of triple valve B (13) simultaneously, and two outlets of triple valve B (13) connect radiator (14) and hydraulic pump B (16) respectively; Switch valve D (22) one end is connected with heating unit A (3), and the other end is connected with fuel heater (8) with fluid reservoir (21); Fluid reservoir (21) connects fuel heater (8), hydraulic pump B (16) and radiator (14) respectively; Radiator (14) is supporting fan (15);
Temperature sensor is distributed with in liquid-circulating path and the outer liquid-circulating path of case in Battery case (1), case;
This system also comprises charger (17), the source of heat management system electric energy is realized by electromagnetic switch (18), when charger (17) is connected with electrical network, electromagnetic switch (18) is connected with charger (17), be that battery thermal management system is powered by grid side electric energy, when charger (17) is not connected with electrical network, electromagnetic switch (18) is connected with battery pack (2), by battery pack (2) for battery thermal management system is powered.
2. according to a kind of Thermal Management System for EV Battery Packs according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described heat exchanger A (4) is made up of multiple heat exchange module, the corresponding battery module of each heat exchange module, work alone between each Switching Module, for the battery module of correspondence carries out heat management.
3. according to a kind of Thermal Management System for EV Battery Packs according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described assignment of traffic unit (7) is provided with an entrance and multiple outlet, each outlet is corresponding with a heat exchange module of heat exchanger A (4) to be connected, and assignment of traffic unit (7) distributes the flow that it respectively exports.
4. according to a kind of Thermal Management System for EV Battery Packs according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described heating unit adopts electric heating.
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| CN201410809272.6A CN104577254B (en) | 2014-12-23 | 2014-12-23 | A kind of Thermal Management System for EV Battery Packs and method of work thereof |
| CN201420824342.0U CN204361210U (en) | 2014-12-23 | 2014-12-23 | A kind of Thermal Management System for EV Battery Packs |
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| CN201420824342.0U CN204361210U (en) | 2014-12-23 | 2014-12-23 | A kind of Thermal Management System for EV Battery Packs |
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| CN104577254B (en) | 2016-10-05 |
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