CN204325458U - A kind of preparation facilities of low cost particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material - Google Patents
A kind of preparation facilities of low cost particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN204325458U CN204325458U CN201420807578.3U CN201420807578U CN204325458U CN 204325458 U CN204325458 U CN 204325458U CN 201420807578 U CN201420807578 U CN 201420807578U CN 204325458 U CN204325458 U CN 204325458U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a kind of preparation facilities of low cost particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material, belongs to metal material processing technical field.This device mainly comprises vacuum oven, and the spare-crucible, well heater, lagging material, magnetic stirrer, temperature controller, powder feeder and the baffle plate that are arranged in vacuum oven, the periphery of spare-crucible sets gradually well heater, lagging material and magnetic stirrer, the top of spare-crucible arranges baffle plate and powder feeder, and temperature controller is installed in spare-crucible.In preparation process, Composite Melt, while carrying out strong helical stir, forms strong multidimensional turbulent flow and stirs, strengthen turbulent effect, promote the dispersion of particulates reinforcements and be uniformly distributed in melt inside.The utility model structure is simple, and preparation cost is low; Adopt electromagnetic force as stirring external force, the disadvantageous effect of the agitator arm material contamination alloy melt that can effectively avoid mechanical stirring to cause, the matrix material of preparation is pure, and quality is high.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of preparation facilities of low cost particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material, belongs to metal material processing technical field.
Background technology
Particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material is owing to having the high over-all properties more excellent than strong, Gao Bigang, high abrasion, low-thermal-expansion and excellent damping performance dimensional stability etc., be the ideal material of the key components and parts lightweight of the field such as aerospace, automobile making, high performance, there are huge application potential and wide market outlook.
At present, the preparation method of particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material mainly contains powder metallurgic method, spray deposition, stirs the multiple methods such as composite casting.
Particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material over-all properties prepared by powder metallurgic method is good, the compound of the volume mass large metal of difference and particle can be realized, the matrix material that high body divides particle reinforce can be prepared, but the method complex process, long flow path, preparation cost is higher, because which limit its use range and applying.
In matrix material prepared by spray deposition, wild phase volume fraction can regulate arbitrarily, reinforcement granularity also need not limit, the matrix material that crystal grain is tiny can be obtained, but composite product prepared by the method is size-constrained, and preparation cost is also higher, therefore, also large-scale promotion and application cannot be obtained.
Stirring casting method compares powder metallurgic method and spray deposition, and preparation technology's equipment is simple, and preparation cost is cheap, is convenient to suitability for industrialized production, and can produce complex-shaped part, is at present by paying attention to, paying close attention to maximum composite material and preparation method thereofs.But, the method must solve wettability and dispersed two key technical problems of reinforcement particle in molten aluminium of reinforcement particle and molten aluminium, could obtain dense structure, Granular composite is even, interface cohesion is good, the matrix material of excellent performance.
Summary of the invention
For the above-mentioned key technical problem that stirring casting method exists, the utility model proposes a kind of low cost particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material preparation facilities.
A kind of preparation facilities of low cost particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material, this device mainly comprises vacuum oven, and spare-crucible, well heater, lagging material, magnetic stirrer, temperature controller, powder feeder and the baffle plate etc. that are arranged in vacuum oven, the periphery of described spare-crucible sets gradually having heaters, lagging material and magnetic stirrer, the top of described spare-crucible is provided with baffle plate and powder feeder, and described temperature controller is installed in spare-crucible.
The center of described spare-crucible is provided with a circular guide pillar, and described spare-crucible inwall is provided with spiral groove, and described guide pillar outer wall is volution, and namely guide pillar outer wall arranges spiral grooves; Annular preparation room is formed between guide pillar outer wall and spare-crucible inwall.
The ratio d/D=0.20-0.95 of described guide pillar external diameter and spare-crucible internal diameter.
Described baffle plate is erected in the top of spare-crucible, and described baffle plate is provided with lifting device, and liftable moves; Operationally, baffle plate drops in the alloy melt of spare-crucible inside, and make alloy melt inner in violent stirring process, bath surface is tranquil.The Main Function of baffle plate is in preparation process, stops that liquid level splashes, and ensures that alloy melt liquid level in whipping process is mild, prevents volume gas and oxidation.
Described magnetic stirrer is rotary EMS device or spiral magnetic stirrer, and its Main Function is to provide rotation or helical stir power, stirs alloy melt.
The Main Function of described powder feeder is sent in alloy melt enhanced granule.
The Main Function of described vacuum oven is before preparing material, forms vacuum environment, prevents alloy from whipping process, rolling up gas, oxidation.
Prepare a method for particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material based on said apparatus, the main operational principle of the method is: in reinforced process, form whirlpool in the middle part of melt, particle reinforce is added to vortex and is brought in alloy melt.After adding, baffle plate declines and enters alloy melt, and whirlpool disappears, and bath surface is tranquil, prevents the oxidation of volume gas.And it is inner at melt, alloy melt is under the effect of electromagnetic stirring force, combine with the spiral grooves of spare-crucible inwall with guide pillar outer wall spiral grooves, strong agitation in ring-type preparation room, while forcing Composite Melt to carry out strong spiral rotating stirring, form strong multidimensional turbulent flow to stir in melt inside, strengthen turbulent effect, promote the dispersion of particulates reinforcements and be uniformly distributed.
The method mainly comprises following operation:
(1) matrix alloy blank is put into spare-crucible, heating makes matrix alloy blank melt, and temperature of fusion is at the above 50-100 DEG C of aluminium alloy liquidus temperature;
(2) degasification, slag hitting are carried out to melt, add fining agent alloy melt thinning processing;
(3) particulates reinforcements is put into powder feeder, open vacuum oven, make Absolute truth reciprocal of duty cycle in stove remain on 0.01-1.00Pa;
(4) open magnetic stirrer, adjustment parameter, alloy melt is stirred in electromagnetic stirring force effect, in melt, is formed centrally a whirlpool;
(5) start powder feeder, lentamente particulates reinforcements powder material is sent in the whirlpool of alloy melt, under the stirring of alloy melt, be involved in alloy melt inside;
(6), after particulates reinforcements powder material adds, decline baffle plate is in melt, until melt whirlpool disappears, melt liquid level is smooth;
(7) strengthen the whipping force of magnetic stirrer, the mixing direction of cyclomorphosis magnetic stirrer, make alloy melt inside that strong stirring occur, promote the dispersion of particulates reinforcements and be uniformly distributed.
In induction stirring process, the whipping force that magnetic stirrer produces combines with guide pillar outer wall spiral grooves and spare-crucible spiral inner wall shape groove, and melt is stirred for the multidimensional turbulent flow that indoor generation is strong in loop system.
Preparation facilities of the present utility model and method are preparing the application in magnesium base composite material, Cu-base composites, iron base composite material, Zinc-base compounded material, nickel-base composite material, cobalt-based matrix material and titanium matrix composite etc.Namely apparatus and method of the present utility model are suitable for matrix material equally, as the preparation of magnesium base composite material, Cu-base composites, iron base composite material, Zinc-base compounded material, nickel-base composite material, cobalt-based matrix material, titanium matrix composite etc.
Compared with prior art, the utility model has the advantage of:
(1) adopt electromagnetic force as stirring external force, the disadvantageous effect of the agitator arm material contamination alloy melt that can effectively avoid mechanical stirring to cause, the matrix material of preparation is pure, and quality is high.
(2) design of annular pulping chamber can improve the mixing effect of alloy melt greatly, and strengthening Turbulence Flow, promotes the dispersion of reinforcement and be uniformly distributed.
(3) structure is simple, and cost of investment is low.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is apparatus structure schematic diagram in reinforced process.
Fig. 2 is reinforced complete, apparatus structure schematic diagram in preparation process.
Fig. 3 is that in preparation process, melt multidimensional turbulent flow stirs schematic diagram.
Main Reference Numerals:
1 vacuum oven 2 temperature controller
2 powder feeder 4 baffle plates
5 spare-crucible 6 wild phase powder materials
7 well heater 8 guide pillars
9 lagging material 10 ring-type preparation rooms
11 magnetic stirrers
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, for the utility model prepares the device schematic diagram of enhancing aluminum-base composite material by silicon carbide particles.This device is primarily of compositions such as vacuum oven 1, temperature controller 2, powder feeder 3, baffle plate 4, spare-crucible 5, well heater 7, lagging material 9, magnetic stirrers 11, and temperature controller 2, powder feeder 3, baffle plate 4, spare-crucible 5, well heater 7, lagging material 9, magnetic stirrer 11 etc. are all positioned in vacuum oven 1.The periphery of spare-crucible 5 is well heater 7, lagging material 9 and magnetic stirrer 11 successively, and the over top of spare-crucible 5 is provided with baffle plate 4 and powder feeder 3, and temperature controller 2 is installed in spare-crucible 5.
Spare-crucible 5 internal diameter is 240mm, is highly 450mm.It is 12mm that spare-crucible 5 inwall is processed with pitch, and screw thread is the spiral groove of 8mm deeply.Guide pillar 8 diameter is 100mm, and guide pillar 8 outer wall is volution, and it is 12mm that guide pillar 8 outer wall is processed with pitch, and screw thread is the spiral grooves of 8mm deeply.The inwall of guide pillar 8 outer wall and spare-crucible 5 forms annular preparation room 10.
Baffle plate 4 is erected in the top of spare-crucible 5, and baffle plate 4 is provided with lifting device; Operationally, baffle plate 4 drops in the alloy melt of spare-crucible 5 inside, and make alloy melt inner in violent stirring process, bath surface is tranquil.Magnetic stirrer 11 adopts spiral magnetic stirrer, and its Main Function is to provide helical stir power, stirs alloy melt.The Main Function of powder feeder 3 is sent in alloy melt by particulates reinforcements powder material 6.The Main Function of vacuum oven 1 is before preparing material, forms vacuum environment, prevents alloy from whipping process, rolling up gas, oxidation.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, be prepare the multidimensional Turbulence Flow schematic diagram that Aluminum Matrix Composites Strengthened by SiC process schematic and melt produce in whipping process.Preparing matrix material is enhancing aluminum-base composite material by silicon carbide particles, and silicon carbide volumn concentration is 20%, and matrix alloy is A357 cast aluminium alloy.
First, the removing surface of A357 aluminium alloy cast ingot is clean, put into spare-crucible 5, heat up and be melted to about 700 DEG C, in melt, then pass into argon gas carry out degasification, degassing procedure 10 minutes, the complete slag hitting of degasification.Add AlTiB fining agent and thinning processing is carried out to melt.In powder feeder 3, put into silicon carbide powder, open vacuum oven 1, vacuumize, make Absolute truth reciprocal of duty cycle in vacuum oven remain on below 0.5Pa, and alloy melt is incubated at 680 DEG C.Open magnetic stirrer 11, adjustment magnetic stirrer 11 incoming frequency 20Hz, power input 8Kw, the A357 alloy melt in spare-crucible 5 in rotary course in be formed centrally whirlpool, now, open powder feeder 3, silicon carbide powder slowly sent in whirlpool.Complete Deng silicon carbide powder conveying, landing baffle plate 4 is until whirlpool disappearance in melt, now, strengthen magnetic stirrer 11 power to 12Kw, simultaneously, every 20 seconds, change magnetic stirrer 11 sense of rotation, melt is made to carry out strong induction stirring in annular preparation room 10, the helical stir power that magnetic stirrer 11 produces combines with guide pillar 8 outer wall spiral grooves and spare-crucible 5 spiral inner wall groove, make melt in annular preparation room 10, produce strong multidimensional turbulent flow to stir, thus promote the dispersion of silicon-carbide particle in alloy melt and homogenizing.Churning time continues after 40 minutes altogether, stops magnetic stirrer 11, and adjustment alloy melt temperature, pours in collector, prepare the SiC/A357 aluminum matrix composite of volume fraction 20% in vacuum environment.
Said apparatus and method are also applicable to the preparation of the matrix materials such as magnesium base composite material, Cu-base composites, iron base composite material, Zinc-base compounded material, nickel-base composite material, cobalt-based matrix material, titanium matrix composite.
The utility model is provided with a circular guide pillar at the center of spare-crucible, and guide pillar outer wall is volution, and the inwall of guide pillar outer wall and spare-crucible forms annular preparation room.In preparation process, alloy melt is under the effect of electromagnetic stirring force, stir in the ring-type preparation room of spare-crucible, the guide pillar outer wall spiral grooves being arranged on spare-crucible heart portion combines with the spiral grooves of spare-crucible inwall, while forcing Composite Melt to carry out strong helical stir, form strong multidimensional turbulent flow to stir in melt inside, strengthen turbulent effect, promote the dispersion of particulates reinforcements and be uniformly distributed.The utility model structure is simple, and preparation cost is low.The utility model adopts electromagnetic force as stirring external force, and the disadvantageous effect of the agitator arm material contamination alloy melt that can effectively avoid mechanical stirring to cause, the matrix material of preparation is pure, and quality is high.
Claims (5)
1. the preparation facilities of a low cost particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material, it is characterized in that: this device mainly comprises vacuum oven, and the spare-crucible, well heater, lagging material, magnetic stirrer, temperature controller, powder feeder and the baffle plate that are arranged in vacuum oven, the periphery of described spare-crucible sets gradually well heater, lagging material and magnetic stirrer, the top of described spare-crucible arranges baffle plate and powder feeder, and described temperature controller is installed in spare-crucible.
2. the preparation facilities of low cost particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the center of described spare-crucible arranges circular guide pillar, described spare-crucible inwall and guide pillar outer wall all arrange spiral grooves, form annular preparation room between guide pillar outer wall and spare-crucible inwall.
3. the preparation facilities of low cost particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described guide pillar external diameter and the ratio of spare-crucible internal diameter are 0.20-0.95.
4. the preparation facilities of low cost particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described baffle plate installs lifting device.
5. the preparation facilities of low cost particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described magnetic stirrer is rotary EMS device or spiral magnetic stirrer.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420807578.3U CN204325458U (en) | 2014-12-18 | 2014-12-18 | A kind of preparation facilities of low cost particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material |
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| CN201420807578.3U CN204325458U (en) | 2014-12-18 | 2014-12-18 | A kind of preparation facilities of low cost particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105755299A (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2016-07-13 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | Device and method for preparing low-cost particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composite material |
| CN106048287A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2016-10-26 | 东北大学 | Preparing method of particle-enhanced aluminum matrix composite material |
| CN111996472A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2020-11-27 | 山东科技大学 | Preparation method and device of particle-reinforced metal matrix composite material |
-
2014
- 2014-12-18 CN CN201420807578.3U patent/CN204325458U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105755299A (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2016-07-13 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | Device and method for preparing low-cost particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composite material |
| CN105755299B (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2018-06-12 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | A kind of preparation facilities and method of low cost particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material |
| CN106048287A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2016-10-26 | 东北大学 | Preparing method of particle-enhanced aluminum matrix composite material |
| CN106048287B (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2018-05-04 | 东北大学 | A kind of preparation method of particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material |
| CN111996472A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2020-11-27 | 山东科技大学 | Preparation method and device of particle-reinforced metal matrix composite material |
| CN111996472B (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2021-11-09 | 山东科技大学 | Preparation method and device of particle-reinforced metal matrix composite material |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20150513 Effective date of abandoning: 20180612 |