A kind of amorphous alloy pipe extrusion molding apparatus
Technical field
The utility model relates to amorphous metal glass round tube extrusion molding apparatus, belongs to amorphous metal forming technique field.
Background technology
Glassy metal, also known as amorphous alloy, due to the unordered microstructure of its uniqueness, makes the advantage of its existing metal and glass, overcomes again their respective drawbacks.Glass breadks easily, does not have ductility; But the intensity of glassy metal is higher than steel, hardness exceedes high hard tool steel, and has certain toughness and rigidity, so people claim glassy metal to be " king of glass " of " strike not broken, pound not rotten ".Amorphous alloy has mechanics, the process based prediction model preferably such as high strength, high rigidity, good wearability and corrosion resistance, thus determines its field of applying widely, has broad application prospects.
The zirconium-base amorphous requirement for critical cooling rate is lower, can obtain amorphous microstructure completely, thus have multiple forming technology for zirconium-base amorphous part under lower than the cooling velocity of below 100K/s.Patent CN 102877010A " a kind of cast form mode of zirconium-based bulk amorphous alloy foundry goods " discloses a kind of cast moulding method of zirconium-based bulk amorphous alloy foundry goods, the at% of the chemical composition of its foundry goods is: Zr 35-45, Ti 11-16, Cu 10-15, Ni 8-12, Be 16-25, before melting, in alcohol medium, purified treatment is carried out to above-mentioned raw material ultrasonic wave, again each is divided into two parts, by its respective density, repeating cloth from down to up for twice loads in crucible, raw copper and copper crucible will be avoided during cloth to contact, when melting to prevent raw copper and copper crucible bond, then close stove to vacuumize, be filled with the argon shield of 0.05MPa, start to add hot smelting, power is added to 140KW after 60KW, 80KW, 120KW respectively keep 5 minutes and make the temperature of alloy melt reach more than 800 DEG C.What patent CN101164722A " the preparing processing net forming integrated method of a kind of non-crystaline amorphous metal workpiece " disclosed a kind of non-crystaline amorphous metal workpiece prepares processing net forming integrated method.The inventive method can be burst mould injecting after alloy masterbatch heat fused, after molten alloy cooling, form amorphous alloy, and mould is burst and carried out simple cleaning to test specimen after type and can obtain required workpiece.Utilization mould of can bursting prepares the critical thickness non-crystaline amorphous metal workpiece within the specific limits of any complicated shape by the method for casting, achieves the preparation of complicated non-crystaline amorphous metal workpiece, processing, net forming integrated technology.Patent CN 1199747C " a kind of precision parts made of non-crystalline alloy superplastic die forging building mortion and method " discloses a kind of device for the shaping of bulk amorphous alloys precision parts superplastic die forging and adopts this device to prepare the technique of bulk amorphous alloys precision component.The various Irregular Shaped Parts of the gabarit that can be shaped diameter dimension 0.1 ~ 100mm, gauge 0.1 ~ 50mm, as gear class, solid or solid Step Shaft (taper shaft) class and etc. the flat thin part of axle class etc.The device invented is made up of vacuum drying oven, replaceable pressure head and mould three part.Patent CN 100473472C " manufacturing process of glassy metal " discloses a kind of manufacturing process of glassy metal.The method does not produce the formed products of blemish keeping amorphous shaping of glassy metal simultaneously, even if the formed products of thin-walled or thickness formed products not etc. or complicated shape also can be shaped simply.
Patent CN 200967064A discloses the cold extrusion device that a kind of solid bar is squeezed into pipe, comprise the hydraulic press and mould with upper and lower oil cylinder, described mould is made up of cylindrical crimp, middle mould, counterdie, push pedal, and the ring flange of pressure head is fixedly connected with the piston of hydraulic press upper cylinder; Middle mould, counterdie are fixed on the supporting plate by the adpting flange on the round boss of middle mould upper end by screw rod, and the center of middle mould is provided with cylindrical middle die cavity, and the center of counterdie is provided with cylindrical core rod, and pressure head, middle die cavity, core rod are on the same axis; Push pedal is placed in below gripper shoe, and be fixedly connected with the piston of oil cylinder under hydraulic press, push pedal is provided with at least 3 push rods, and push rod is evenly distributed on the annulus that formed between middle die cavity and core rod.A kind of solid bar of the present utility model is squeezed into the cold extrusion device of pipe, can be squeezed into pipe with solid bar, the tubing that the compactness of its metal is formed than stretching is high, by the tubular metallic element long service life of its processing, save material, processing cost is low.Amorphous alloy, when temperature is lower than vitrification point, has very high intensity and hardness, utilizes the cold extrusion device in patent CN 200967064A cannot complete the extrusion forming process of amorphous alloy pipe at all.For the extrusion molding of amorphous alloy pipe, must meet the following conditions: amorphous alloy is heated between vitrifying and crystallization temperature, in this temperature range, amorphous alloy has lower viscosity, intensity and hardness, can carry out superplasticforming easily to it; Pipe will adopt protective gas to cool after being shaped as early as possible, avoids amorphous alloy crystallization.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model overcomes above-mentioned deficiency and provides a kind of amorphous alloy pipe extrusion molding apparatus, extrusion molding apparatus easy accessibility, rational in infrastructure, the pipe dimensional accuracy be shaped is high, surface quality good, and easily, production efficiency is high in extrusional slug cleaning.
The technical scheme that the utility model is taked is as follows:
A kind of amorphous alloy pipe extrusion molding apparatus, comprise fluid pressure type extrusion structure, extrusion die, extrusion tooling framework, extrusion die comprises extruding punch, recipient, Extruding die, setting cover, recipient, Extruding die, setting cover is connected and fixed successively, the cavity formed in extrusion die has blank room, diffluence room, bonding container and working chamber four part, described Extruding die is designed to tile configuration, the split line of each piece is selected at bonding container place, Extruding die overcoat has Extruding die gripping sleeve, the outer surface of Extruding die is combined in the mode of gradual taper surface with the inner surface of Extruding die gripping sleeve, Extruding die gripping sleeve is fixed on extrusion tooling framework.
Described Extruding die is cylindrical body, die body axis has core, core is processed with blind hole, is multiple seam chambers, die body wall is also provided with blind hole around core.
Be provided with the passage of refrigerating gas in described Extruding die, the part of passage is the blind hole of processing along the core center line of Extruding die, and the blind hole that another part is processed from Extruding die sidewall toward Extruding die centerline direction, this two parts blind hole intersects.In extrusion process, in order to avoid refrigerating gas affects the temperature of Extruding die and amorphous alloy blank, there is instlated tubular in the channel arrangement of the refrigerating gas of Extruding die.
Described instlated tubular is connected with nitrogen system by pipeline, and nitrogen system mainly comprises nitrogen gas generator, compressor, oil water separator, air accumulator, Pressure gauge, and nitrogen system leads to nitrogen to instlated tubular.
Be provided with heating and temperature measuring equipment in described recipient and setting cover, be provided with temperature measuring equipment in Extruding die, these heatings, temperature measuring equipment are all connected with temperature controller.Extruding punch combines with the form with interference fits between recipient.
Described recipient, Extruding die, setting cover by screw together with pin fastener; Setting cover is fixed on extrusion tooling framework.
Described fluid pressure type extrusion structure comprises oil cylinder, hydraulic system, and extruding punch is connected with the plunger of oil cylinder in fluid pressure type extrusion structure.
The gripping sleeve of extrusion die is connected with extrusion tooling framework by screw.
Heating and temperature measuring equipment is provided with in recipient.The temperature of the recipient obtained tested by temperature controller according to temperature measuring equipment, control the supply of electric power of heating, thus the temperature of recipient controlled within the scope required.
Heating and temperature measuring equipment is provided with in setting cover.The temperature of the setting cover obtained tested by temperature controller according to temperature measuring equipment, control the supply of electric power of heating, thus the temperature of setting cover controlled within the scope required.
Recipient and setting cover all firm with Extruding die together with, in forming process, recipient and the heat overlapped that formalizes will pass to Extruding die, and the temperature of Extruding die be controlled within the temperature range required.Only temperature measuring equipment is provided with, by the temperature of temperature measuring equipment test Extruding die in Extruding die.
Said apparatus is utilized to carry out the technique of amorphous alloy pipe extrusion molding: shunted through being squeezed in diffluence room by amorphous alloy blank, the blank after shunting enters bonding container; In bonding container, have the core of Extruding die for the endoporus of formed hollow pipe, and the blank after shunting merges on longitudinal composition surface of bonding container along pipe; The later tubing of seam is extruded along setting cover, finally obtains amorphous alloy pipe.
Extrusion molding is carried out in the mode of constant pressure, according to the yield strength of mold materials, select forming pressure, (F is forming pressure to F=0.8 × P × A, unit is newton (N), the yield strength of P mold materials, and unit is MPa (MPa), A is the sectional area of recipient perpendicular to center line, and unit is square millimeter (mm
2), the namely face area of blank in recipient, 0.8 is safety coefficient, dimensionless).
In heating process, when the temperature of amorphous alloy is higher than vitrification point, amorphous alloy just starts slow distortion with slower strain rate; Along with the rising gradually of amorphous alloy temperature, the viscosity of material is more and more less, and the strain rate of amorphous alloy is increasing; In forming process, by the servo-control system of former, forming pressure is controlled the value set.
Extrusion temperature is arranged between amorphous alloy vitrifying and crystallization temperature, generally high than vitrification point 20 ~ 30 DEG C.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
(1) Extruding die is designed to tile configuration, after extruding terminates, has some residual blank can stay diffluence room, bonding container, be convenient to like this clear up the surplus material in Extruding die diffluence room;
(2) Extruding die gripping sleeve be arranged on the precision that can ensure Extruding die in extrusion process, avoid the effect due to extruding force to cause piece along split face separately; Can ensure that each piece of Extruding die can combine tightly, and extruding force is larger, split more solid.In addition, the outer surface of Extruding die is combined with the form of the conical surface with the inner surface of gripping sleeve, is also convenient to the dismounting of extrusion die.
(3) in forming process, the heat of recipient and setting cover will pass to Extruding die, and the temperature of Extruding die be controlled within the temperature range required.Only temperature measuring equipment is provided with, by the temperature of temperature measuring equipment test Extruding die in Extruding die.
(4) temperature of the amorphous alloy pipe after extrusion molding is guaranteed in the setting of cooled gas path is down near room temperature as early as possible, avoid crystallization and the oxidation of amorphous alloy pipe, instlated tubular can avoid refrigerating gas to affect the temperature of die and amorphous alloy blank in extrusion process.
(5) this forming technology is shaped to amorphous alloy with constant pressure, non-constant strain rate; the flow stress of amorphous alloy is controlled in whole forming process; amorphous alloy is avoided to damage in forming process; also shaping dies is protected, avoid excessive plastic force to cause die surface to damage or overall destruction.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 the utility model amorphous alloy pipe extrusion molding apparatus structural representation;
Fig. 2 is the location diagram of instlated tubular and Extruding die;
The front view of Fig. 3 Extruding die;
The top view of Fig. 4 Extruding die;
The axis side view of Fig. 5 Extruding die;
Fig. 6 formalize cover sectional view;
Fig. 7 amorphous alloy pipe structure of extrusion schematic diagram (explosive view);
Wherein, 1, fluid pressure type extrusion structure, 2, extruding punch, 3, recipient screw, 4, recipient, 5, amorphous alloy blank, 6, Extruding die, 6a, 6b and 6c, Extruding die piece, 7, instlated tubular, 8, pin, 9, setting cover, 10, Extruding die gripping sleeve, 11, extrusion tooling framework, 12, amorphous alloy pipe, 13, clamping ring screw.
Detailed description of the invention
Further illustrate below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment
A kind of amorphous alloy pipe extrusion molding apparatus, comprise fluid pressure type extrusion structure 1, extrusion die, extrusion tooling framework 11, extrusion die comprises extruding punch 2, recipient 4, Extruding die 6, setting cover 9, recipient 4, Extruding die 6, setting cover 9 is connected and fixed successively, the cavity formed in extrusion die has blank room, diffluence room, bonding container and working chamber four part, described Extruding die 6 is designed to tile configuration, the split line of each piece is selected at bonding container place, Extruding die 6 overcoat has Extruding die gripping sleeve 10, the outer surface of Extruding die is combined in the mode of gradual taper surface with the inner surface of Extruding die gripping sleeve 10, Extruding die gripping sleeve 10 is fixed on extrusion tooling framework 11.
The cavity of whole extrusion die is made up of parts such as blank room, diffluence room, bonding container and working chambers.After extruding terminates, have some residual blank can stay diffluence room, bonding container, for the ease of the surplus material in cleaning Extruding die diffluence room, Extruding die is designed to tile configuration, the split line of each piece is selected at bonding container place.Fluid pressure type extrusion structure comprises oil cylinder, hydraulic system, and extruding punch is connected with the plunger of oil cylinder in fluid pressure type extrusion structure.
In extrusion process, in order to ensure the precision of Extruding die, avoiding the effect due to extruding force to cause piece along split face separately, in extrusion die, being designed with Extruding die gripping sleeve.The periphery of Extruding die is combined with the form of the conical surface with the inner headed face of gripping sleeve, and Extruding die gripping sleeve is fixed by screws on extrusion tooling framework, this design can ensure that each piece of Extruding die can combine tightly, and extruding force is larger, split more solid.In addition, the periphery of Extruding die is combined with the form of the conical surface with the inner headed face of Extruding die gripping sleeve, is also convenient to the dismounting of extrusion die.
Heating and temperature measuring equipment is provided with in recipient.The temperature of the recipient obtained tested by temperature controller according to temperature measuring equipment, control the supply of electric power of heating, thus the temperature of recipient controlled within the scope required.Heating and temperature measuring equipment is provided with in setting cover.The temperature of the setting cover obtained tested by temperature controller according to temperature measuring equipment, control the supply of electric power of heating, thus the temperature of setting cover controlled within the scope required.
Recipient and setting cover all firm with Extruding die together with, in forming process, recipient and the heat overlapped that formalizes will pass to Extruding die, and the temperature of Extruding die be controlled within the temperature range required.Only temperature measuring equipment is provided with, by the temperature of temperature measuring equipment test Extruding die in Extruding die.Setting cover to communicate with bonding container for axle center has the cylindrical body of stepped throughhole, stepped throughhole to comprise part, sizing part, go out tube portion.
In order to formed hollow pipe, shunted by amorphous alloy blank by diffluence room, the blank after shunting enters bonding container; In bonding container, have the core of Extruding die for the endoporus of formed hollow pipe, and the blank after shunting merges on longitudinal composition surface of bonding container along pipe; The later tubing of seam is extruded along setting cover, finally obtains amorphous alloy pipe.In forming process, the outside dimension of pipe is determined by the hole size of the cover that formalizes, and the internal diameter size of pipe is determined by the outside dimension of the core on Extruding die.
Extruding die is cylindrical body, die body axis has core, core is processed with blind hole, is multiple seam chambers, die body wall is also provided with hole around core.
Temperature in order to ensure the amorphous alloy pipe after extrusion molding is down near room temperature as early as possible, avoids the oxidation of amorphous alloy pipe, arranges the passage of refrigerating gas in Extruding die.Cooled gas path is divided into two parts, and a part is the blind hole at the center being positioned at Extruding die, and another part is the hole communicated with central blind hole from the processing of die sidewall.In order to avoid refrigerating gas affects the temperature of die and amorphous alloy blank in extrusion process, in the cooled gas path of Extruding die, be furnished with instlated tubular 7.Because Extruding die is divided into three parts, arrange that another effect of instlated tubular seals refrigerating gas, avoid refrigerating gas to leak into other place along the splicing seams of Extruding die.The position relationship of instlated tubular 7 and Extruding die 6 as shown in Figure 1.
Embodiment:
The amorphous alloy pipe external diameter of extrusion molding is 10mm, and the wall thickness of amorphous alloy pipe is 1mm, and amorphous alloy is Zr58.5Cu15.6Ni12.8Al10.3Nb2.8.The vitrification point of amorphous alloy Zr58.5Cu15.6Ni12.8Al10.3Nb2.8 and crystallization temperature are respectively 385 DEG C and 470 DEG C, when heating-up temperature is 405 DEG C, can be incubated 30 minutes and have crystallization phenomenon, can meet the requirement of extrusion forming process.When to amorphous alloy extrusion molding, the heating and temperature control of recipient and setting being overlapped by temperature controller is at 403 DEG C ~ 407 DEG C.
The material of setting cover, Extruding die, extruding punch is H13 hot die steel.