CN1917324A - Hybrid power supply device and power management method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a hybrid power supply device and a power management method thereof, wherein the power management method of the hybrid power supply device comprises the following steps: a secondary battery, a main battery and a DC power converter are provided. The voltage of the secondary battery is detected, and the capacitance state of the secondary battery is obtained according to a comparison table of the voltage and the capacitance of the secondary battery. When the capacity of the secondary battery is smaller than a first preset value, the direct current power converter is controlled to enable the main battery to have first energy, and when the capacity of the secondary battery is larger than or equal to a second preset value, the direct current power converter is enabled to output a second voltage. The hybrid power supply device and the power management method thereof can give consideration to the use efficiency of the fuel cell and the secondary battery, so that the power management effect of the hybrid device is better.

Description

Hybrid power supply device and power management method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to a hybrid power supply device and a power management method thereof.

Background technique

In recent years, in the research field of battery power supply, in addition to the previous requirements for batteries to be small in size and long in power supply time, the addition of environmental awareness has led to the trend of batteries not only being small in size and long in power supply time, but also reusable and durable. The environment will not cause harm, so many emerging types of batteries have also emerged, such as solar cells and fuel cells are some of them. However, there are many limitations on the use of such batteries. For example, the electrical energy generation of a fuel cell needs to generate an electromotive force through an internal chemical reaction and supply sufficient current, so its output electrical parameters (such as voltage, current, power, etc.) are greatly affected by various factors of the internal redox reaction. In addition, when the fuel cell outputs high power, the conversion efficiency of the chemical energy in the fuel cell into electrical energy is not good, which will greatly affect the service time of the fuel cell. Therefore, it is very impractical to use fuel cells as a power source alone in terms of efficiency. Therefore, it can be combined with other power sources to form a hybrid power supply device to improve the poor performance of the original fuel cell for high power output.

FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a fuel cell hybrid power supply device 10 in the prior art. In FIG. 1 , the fuel cell 11 provides electrical output to a DC power converter 12 . At this time, a divided voltage V of a secondary battery 13 and a working reference voltage V _REF are used to transmit a voltage to a control unit 15 through an operational amplifier 16 . The control unit 15 sends a control signal 17 to the DC power converter 12 according to the voltage transmitted by the operational amplifier 16 to adjust the output voltage V _out of the DC power converter 12 . However, if the maximum output power of the fuel cell 11 is not enough to cope with the demand of the load 14 provided by the DC power converter 12, or the fuel capacity of the fuel cell 11 itself is insufficient (in other words, the electric capacity is insufficient), the output of the fuel cell 11 will be reduced. The voltage keeps dropping until the fuel cell fails to function properly. In order to prevent such a situation, the fuel cell 11 must be able to meet various situations, and its maximum output power can exceed the demand of the DC power converter 12. In other words, the fuel cell 11 must be able to achieve this with higher cost, weight and space demand, which in turn runs counter to our demand for lightweight batteries.

FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of US Pat. No. 6,590,370. This patent uses a state value (such as voltage, current) of the fuel cell 21 and a working reference voltage V _REF to generate a feedback control signal to adjust the amount of electric energy drawn by the DC power converter 22 to the fuel cell 21, which can control the fuel cell. The improvement of the electric energy conversion efficiency of the fuel cell 21 has reached a certain effect, and the situation that the fuel cell 21 cannot be used normally can also be avoided. During the operation of the fuel cell 21, the change of the electrode potential will be caused by the change of the concentration of the fuel or the temperature of the battery itself, which will affect the current output of the fuel cell 21, but it can be controlled within a certain range through the feedback mechanism and the control of the secondary battery 23. The DC power converter 22 draws current to maintain the voltage output of the fuel cell 21 . Although the feedback mechanism and the secondary battery 23 can adjust the difference between the output power of the fuel cell and the required power of the load 24 within a certain range, when the secondary battery 23 is fully charged or the secondary battery 23 has reached the discharge cut-off voltage, the secondary The battery 23 loses the regulating function, which may cause damage to the secondary battery 23 .

FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of US Patent No. 6,590,370. It can be known from the figure that the output voltage of the fuel cell 31 and a working reference voltage V _REF pass through an operational amplifier 32 to generate a control signal V _CONTROL , and the control signal V _CONTROL is sent to a power converter 33 . The power converter 33 is a boost-type DC-DC power converter (boost-type DC-DC power converter), in this example, it is a MAXIM chip (chip number MAX 1701), and this chip constitutes our visible DC with other components. power converter 34 . When the secondary battery 36 is fully charged, if the fuel cell 31 continues to output power to the secondary battery 36, it may cause damage to the secondary battery 36. Therefore, US Pat. No. 6,590,370 provides a protection circuit 35 to protect the secondary battery 36 . The protection circuit 35 is a current shunt regulator circuit (shunt voltage regulator). When the voltage of the secondary battery 36 has reached the charging cut-off voltage (indicating that the secondary battery has been fully charged), the output voltage of the fuel cell 31 is only very small. Part of it will be sent to the secondary battery 36 (the secondary battery does not stop charging when it is fully charged, but is charged with a very small current), and the rest will be sent to the protection circuit 35, and the excess electric energy will be converted into heat in the protection circuit 35 and disappear. . In this way, damage to the secondary battery 36 can be avoided and the use efficiency of the fuel cell 31 can be improved. In this way, although the problem of damage to the secondary battery 36 is solved, the method of converting excess electric energy into heat energy consumption not only wastes the fuel of the fuel cell 31 but also may cause a burden on the thermal energy management of the system. On the other hand, if the load 37 continues to maintain a high power demand, the secondary battery 36 must continue to output power, which may also cause the secondary battery 36 to run out of power, the voltage reaches the discharge cut-off voltage, and a power failure occurs.

Although the above-mentioned prior art provides a power management method for a hybrid power supply device, there are still situations where fuel cell usage efficiency is not good and fuel cell power is wasted. Better power management effect is the main purpose of the present invention.

Contents of the invention

The present invention provides a power management method and system for a hybrid battery, especially a power management method and system that can take the capacity states of primary batteries and secondary batteries as control factors.

The invention provides a power management method of a hybrid power supply device, comprising: providing a secondary battery, a primary battery and a DC power converter. The voltage of the secondary battery is detected, and the capacity state of the secondary battery is obtained according to a secondary battery voltage and capacity comparison table. When the capacity of the secondary battery is less than a first predetermined value, control the DC power converter so that the main battery has a first electrical parameter of a first fixed value, and when the capacity of the secondary battery is greater than or equal to When a second predetermined value is reached, the DC power converter is made to output a second voltage.

The invention further provides a hybrid power supply device, which includes a main battery and an electric energy output terminal. A secondary battery has an electric energy input terminal. A control unit is used to obtain a first state signal of the main battery and a second state signal of the secondary battery, and output a control signal. and a DC power converter, having a first power input end coupled to the power output end of the primary battery, a first power output end coupled to the power input end of the secondary battery, and receiving the control signal sent by the control unit , to adjust the input and output voltages of the DC power converter. When the capacity of the secondary battery is less than a first predetermined value, the control unit sends the control signal to control the DC power converter so that the main battery has a first electrical parameter of a first fixed value. When the capacity of the battery is greater than a second predetermined value, the control unit outputs the control signal to make the DC power converter output a second fixed voltage. When the capacity of the secondary battery is greater than the second predetermined value but less than the first predetermined value, the control unit outputs the control signal to increase the voltage of the main battery input to the DC power converter.

The present invention also provides a hybrid power supply device, the hybrid power supply device comprising: a main battery; an input measurement unit electrically connected to the main battery, and outputting a first signal according to a first electrical parameter of the main battery; A secondary battery pack with one or more secondary battery cells; an output measurement unit electrically connected to the secondary battery pack, and outputting a second signal according to a second electrical parameter of the secondary battery pack; The control unit receives the first signal and the second signal and outputs a third signal, wherein the third signal is one of the first signal and the second signal; and a DC power converter electrically connected to the The main battery and the secondary battery pack adjust an input and an output voltage of the DC power converter having a first electrical parameter according to the third signal, when the capacity of the secondary battery pack is less than a first predetermined value , the DC power converter causes the main battery to have a first electrical parameter of a first fixed value according to the third signal, and when the capacity of the secondary battery pack is greater than or equal to a second predetermined value, the DC power converter Outputting a second voltage according to the third signal.

The hybrid power supply device and the power management method thereof in the present invention can take into account the use efficiency of the fuel cell and the secondary battery, so that the power management effect of the hybrid device is better.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a fuel cell hybrid power supply device in the prior art;

Figure 2 is a block diagram of the US patent US 6590370;

Fig. 3 is a circuit structure diagram of U.S. Patent US 6590370;

Fig. 4a is a schematic block diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 4b is another architecture diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the structural diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a comparison diagram of the fuel cell voltage V _F and the secondary battery voltage V _S applying the embodiment of Fig. 5;

FIG. 7 is a structural diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a comparison diagram of the fuel cell voltage V _F and the secondary battery voltage V _S applying the embodiment of Fig. 7;

FIG. 9 is a structural diagram of a third embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 10 is a comparison diagram of the fuel cell voltage I _F and the secondary battery voltage V _S applying the embodiment of Fig. 9;

Fig. 11 is the schematic diagram of the fourth embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of a fifth embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 13 is the schematic diagram of the sixth embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of a seventh embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a schematic circuit diagram of the control unit 144 in FIG. 14;

FIG. 16 is another circuit diagram of the control unit 144 in FIG. 14;

FIG. 17 is a circuit diagram of the input measurement unit 145 in FIG. 14;

FIG. 18 is a circuit diagram of the output measurement unit 146 in FIG. 14;

Fig. 19 is a feedback signal generating circuit;

FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram of adding a feedback signal to the input measurement unit 145 in FIG. 14;

FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram of adding a feedback signal to the output measurement unit 146 in FIG. 14 .

Detailed ways

In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a power management method of a hybrid power supply device, including: providing a secondary battery, a primary battery and a DC power converter. The voltage of the secondary battery is detected, and the capacity state of the secondary battery is obtained according to a secondary battery voltage and capacity comparison table. When the capacity of the secondary battery is less than a first predetermined value, control the DC power converter so that the main battery has a first electrical parameter of a first fixed value, and when the capacity of the secondary battery is greater than or equal to When a second predetermined value is reached, the DC power converter is made to output a second voltage.

Fig. 4 a is a structural diagram of the present invention, and this structural diagram represents the functional block diagram of a hybrid power supply device 40 connected to a load device 47, wherein the status detector 45 and the status detector 46 are used to detect the main battery 41 respectively and the state value (such as voltage or current) of the secondary battery 43 , and convert the detected state value into a voltage signal and send it to the control unit 44 . The control unit 44 determines a control signal 48 to output to the DC power converter 42 according to the received voltage signal, and the DC power converter 42 adjusts its input voltage V _in or output voltage V _out according to the control signal 48 . When the voltage of the secondary battery 43 is lower than a first predetermined value, the control unit 44 sends a control signal 48 to make the main battery 41 input a fixed voltage to the DC power converter 42 . When the voltage of the secondary battery 43 is greater than or equal to a second predetermined value, the control unit 44 outputs a control signal 48 to make the DC power converter 42 output a fixed voltage. When the voltage of the secondary battery 43 is greater than the first predetermined value but less than the second predetermined value, the control unit 44 outputs a control signal 48 to increase the voltage of the main battery 41 input to the DC power converter 42 .

FIG. 4 b is another structural diagram of the present invention, which shows a functional block diagram of a hybrid power supply device 400 connected to a load device 407 . The state detector 405 and the state detector 406 are used to detect the state value (such as voltage or current) of the main battery 401 and the secondary battery 403 respectively, and convert the detected state value into a voltage signal, and send it to control unit 404 . The control unit 404 outputs a control signal 408 to the DC power converter 402 or outputs a control signal 409 to the switch unit 410 according to the received voltage signal. The DC power converter 402 adjusts its input voltage V _in or output voltage V _out according to the control signal 408 , and the switch unit 410 determines whether the fuel cell continues to output energy to the DC power converter 402 according to the control signal 409 . When the voltage of the secondary battery 403 is lower than a first predetermined value, the control unit 404 sends a control signal 408 to make the main battery 401 input a fixed voltage to the DC power converter 402 . When the voltage of the secondary battery 403 is greater than or equal to a second predetermined value, the control unit 404 outputs a control signal 409 to the switch unit 410 to disconnect the energy transmission between the main battery 410 and the DC power converter 402 until the secondary When the voltage of the battery 403 is lower than the second predetermined value, the main battery 401 continues to transmit energy to the DC power converter 402 again. When the voltage of the secondary battery 403 is greater than the first predetermined value but less than the second predetermined value, the control unit 404 outputs a control signal 408 to increase the voltage of the main battery 401 input to the DC power converter 402 .

The main battery used in the present invention can be composed of a fuel cell or a solar cell, and the secondary battery can be composed of a lithium-ion secondary battery, a nickel-metal hydride battery or a lead-acid battery. In this manual, the fuel cell is used as the main battery, and the lithium-ion battery is used as the secondary battery for example. The main battery is composed of 32 direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) units connected in series, and the secondary battery is composed of It consists of three lithium-ion battery cells connected in series.

Please refer to Figure 5. FIG. 5 is a structural diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention, wherein the control unit 56 is shown in detail as a circuit, but it is not intended to limit the control unit 56 to this circuit. The voltage measurement unit 54 is used to measure the voltage V _F of the fuel cell 51 and convert it into a voltage signal V _in . The voltage measurement unit 55 is used to measure the voltage V _S of the secondary battery 53 and convert it into a voltage signal V _out . In this embodiment, V _F =V _in is used for illustration.

When the secondary battery voltage V _S is higher than 12.25V (indicating the fully charged voltage of the secondary battery), its voltage signal V _out will be higher than 2.5V (that is, the predetermined control target point, that is, the working reference voltage V _ref ), the diode D _Q is thus turned on, so that the feedback voltage V _FB directly follows V _out (V _FB =V _out ), and the DC power converter 52 also makes the fuel cell 51 draw a relatively small amount after receiving the feedback voltage signal V _FB A small amount of electric energy until the voltage of the secondary battery 53 is equal to 12.25V. When the voltage of the secondary battery 53 is lower than 12.25V, the diode D _Q is not conducting, and the magnitude of the feedback voltage V _FB is controlled by _Vin at this time. When V _in is 8V (the lowest operating voltage of the fuel cell, and the fuel cell has the worst tolerable fuel conversion efficiency output at this voltage), V _FB is just 2.5V. When V _in rises, V _FB drops, and the DC power converter 52 also makes the fuel cell 51 draw more electric energy after receiving the feedback voltage signal V _FB , thus reducing the voltage of the fuel cell 51 to make the feedback voltage V _FB reaches the predetermined control target point. Therefore, in this embodiment, when the secondary battery 53 is fully charged, the voltage V _F of the fuel cell 51 will vary according to the power demand of the load 57, but the DC power converter 52 outputs a constant voltage; When fully charged, the fuel voltage 51 operates at a preset minimum voltage to provide the maximum output power under this condition, so that the secondary battery 53 can be charged as quickly as possible.

FIG. 6 is a comparison diagram of the fuel cell voltage V _F and the secondary battery voltage V _S applying the embodiment of FIG. 5 . Wherein V _os is the charging cut-off voltage of the secondary battery (the voltage when fully charged), V _is is a preset minimum voltage of the fuel cell, and when corresponding to the voltage V _is , the fuel cell has a tolerable worst fuel conversion efficiency. It can be known from Fig. 6 that when the voltage of the secondary battery is lower than V _os (indicating that the secondary battery is not fully charged), the fuel cell outputs at a fixed voltage V _is (indicating that the fuel cell outputs at the worst tolerable fuel conversion efficiency), When the voltage of the secondary battery is equal to V _os (the secondary battery is fully charged), the output voltage of the DC power converter is fixed at V _os , and the voltage of the fuel cell is increased according to the power demand of the load to reduce the power output of the fuel cell. Improve the efficiency of fuel cells.

FIG. 7 is a structural diagram of the second embodiment of the present invention, wherein the control unit 76 is shown in detail as a circuit, but it is not intended to limit the control unit 76 to this circuit. The voltage measurement unit 74 is used to measure the voltage V _F of the fuel cell 71 and convert it into a voltage signal V _in . The voltage measurement unit 75 is used to measure the voltage V _S of the secondary battery 73 and convert it into a voltage signal V _out . In this embodiment, V _F =V _in is used for illustration.

In this embodiment, in order to improve the use efficiency of the fuel cell 71 , the voltage of the fuel cell is controlled at multiple points (or stages). In this embodiment, the secondary battery 73 provides two control points as an example for illustration. When the V _S voltage is lower than 11.4V (the first control point of the secondary battery 73, wherein each lithium-ion battery cell voltage is 3.8V), as in the first embodiment, the DC power converter 72 controls the fuel cell 71 output to keep _Vin at 8V. When the V _S voltage is between 11.4V～12.25V (the second control point of the secondary battery 73), then use a conversion circuit to adjust the fuel cell 71 from 8V (the minimum operating voltage of the fuel cell 71, The voltage of each fuel cell unit is 0.25V) up to 11.2V (in this embodiment, when the secondary battery 73 is fully charged, the corresponding voltage of the fuel cell 71, wherein the voltage of each fuel cell unit is 0.35V), and finally when When the V _S voltage is 12.25V (the voltage of each lithium-ion battery unit is 4.08V), the DC power converter 72 switches to constant output voltage control to maintain the V _S voltage at 12.25V. Therefore, in this embodiment, when the secondary battery 73 is fully charged (the secondary battery voltage reaches 12.25V), the voltage of the fuel cell 71 changes according to the power demand of the load 77, and the DC power converter 72 is a fixed output voltage . When the voltage of the secondary battery 73 is lower than a control voltage, the fuel cell 71 outputs with a preset minimum voltage to provide the maximum power that the fuel cell 71 can provide, and charges the secondary battery 73 as soon as possible. The converter 72 is a fixed input voltage. When the voltage of the secondary battery 73 is higher than the control voltage (the first control point of the secondary battery 73), and the secondary battery 73 has a considerable amount of electric energy but is not yet fully charged, the fuel cell 71 gradually increases the operating voltage and reduces The output power of the fuel cell 71 also improves the electric energy conversion efficiency of the fuel cell 71 itself, so that the use efficiency of the fuel cell 71 is better.

FIG. 8 is a comparison diagram of the fuel cell voltage V _F and the secondary battery voltage V _S applying the embodiment of FIG. 7 . Wherein V _os is the charging cut-off voltage of the secondary battery (the voltage when fully charged), V _os1 is a control reference voltage of the secondary battery, and V _is a preset minimum voltage of the fuel cell, and when corresponding to this voltage, Fuel cells have a tolerable worst fuel conversion efficiency. It can be seen from FIG. 8 that when the voltage of the secondary battery is lower than V _os1 , the output voltage of the fuel cell is maintained at the preset minimum voltage. When the secondary battery voltage is higher than V _os1 and lower than V _os , gradually increase the output voltage of the fuel cell until the secondary battery voltage is equal to V _os (the secondary battery is fully charged), then the output voltage of the fixed DC power converter is V _os , and increase the voltage of the fuel cell according to the power demand of the load. Although such a method will increase the time for fully charging the secondary battery, powering the fuel cell according to the characteristics of the fuel cell will also make the fuel cell more efficient.

FIG. 9 is a structural diagram of the third embodiment of the present invention, wherein the control unit 96 is shown in detail as a circuit, but it is not intended to limit the control unit 96 to this circuit. The current measuring unit 94 is used for measuring the current I _F of the fuel cell 91 and converting it into a voltage signal V _in . The voltage measuring unit 95 is used for measuring the voltage V _S of the secondary battery 93 and converting it into a voltage signal V _out . In this embodiment, the current measurement unit 94 can use a Hall element to directly measure the current of the fuel cell 91, or make the output current of the fuel cell 91 flow through a small resistor to measure its voltage drop to obtain the current. magnitude, and convert the current signal into a voltage signal and send it to the control unit 96 .

In this embodiment, the required maximum current is set in the current measuring unit 94 to be 1.2A, and the converted voltage signal _Vin corresponding to the current is 2.5V. Like the control unit 56 in the first embodiment, the operation of the control unit 96 in this embodiment is similar to that of the control unit 56. The difference is that the control unit 56 in the first embodiment uses the voltage of the fuel cell 51 as a control, while this embodiment In the embodiment, the control unit 96 is controlled by the current of the fuel cell 91 . When the voltage V _S of the secondary battery 93 is higher than 12.25V (indicating that the secondary battery 93 is fully charged), its voltage signal V _out will be higher than 2.5V, and the diode D1 is therefore turned on, so that the feedback voltage V _FB directly follows V _out (V _FB =V _out ), after the DC power converter 92 receives the feedback voltage signal V _FB , the fuel cell 91 draws less power until the voltage of the secondary battery 93 is equal to 12.25V. When the V _out voltage is lower than 12.25V, in order to make the feedback voltage V _FB sent to the DC power converter 92 be 2.5V, then _Vin must be fixed at 2.5V. The maximum output current of 91 represents the output of the fuel cell 91 with the maximum current output under the worst tolerable fuel conversion efficiency). Therefore, in this embodiment, when the secondary battery 93 is fully charged, the output current I _F of the fuel cell 91 will vary according to the power demand of the load, but the DC power converter 92 outputs a constant voltage; When it is fully charged, the fuel voltage 91 is output at a preset maximum current to provide the maximum output power under this condition, so that the secondary battery 93 can be charged as quickly as possible.

FIG. 10 is a comparison diagram of the fuel cell voltage I _F and the secondary battery voltage V _S applying the embodiment of FIG. 9 . Wherein V _os is the charging cut-off voltage of the secondary battery (the voltage when fully charged), I _is a preset maximum output current of the fuel cell, and when corresponding to this current, the fuel cell has a tolerable worst fuel conversion efficiency under the maximum output power. It can be seen from Fig. 10 that when the voltage of the secondary battery is lower than V _os (the secondary battery is not fully charged), the fuel cell outputs a fixed current I _is (output with maximum power), and when the voltage of the secondary battery is equal to V _os (the secondary battery is fully charged), the output voltage of the DC power converter is fixed at V _os , and the output current of the fuel cell is reduced according to the power demand of the load, so as to reduce the power output of the fuel cell and improve the efficiency of the fuel cell.

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a fourth embodiment of the present invention. After the power measurement unit 115 measures the power of the main battery 111, it converts it into a voltage signal and sends it to the control unit 114. After the voltage measurement unit 116 measures the voltage of the secondary battery 113, it converts it into a voltage signal and sends it to the control unit 114. . In this embodiment, the maximum output power of the fuel cell 111 is set in the power measurement unit 115 to be 10W, and the voltage signal corresponding to the converted power is 2.5V. When the voltage of the secondary battery 113 is less than 12.25V (indicating that the secondary battery is not fully charged), the control unit 114 outputs a control signal 118 to make the fuel cell 111 input the maximum output power of the DC power converter 112 . When the voltage of the secondary battery 113 is greater than or equal to 12.25V (indicating that the secondary battery is fully charged), the control unit 114 outputs a control signal 118 to make the DC power converter output a fixed voltage (12.25V). In this embodiment, multi-point (or multi-stage) control can also be performed on the fuel cell 111 . When the voltage of the secondary battery is between 11.4V and 12.25V, the control unit 114 outputs a control signal 118 to reduce the input power of the primary battery to the DC power supply 112 . Therefore, in this embodiment, when the secondary battery 113 is fully charged (the secondary battery voltage reaches 12.25V), the voltage of the fuel cell 111 changes according to the power demand of the load 117, and the DC power converter 112 is a fixed output voltage . When the voltage of the secondary battery 113 is lower than a control voltage, the control unit 114 outputs a control signal 118 so that the fuel cell 111 outputs the maximum power to the DC power converter 112 to charge the secondary battery 113 as quickly as possible. The DC power converter 112 is a fixed input power. When the voltage of the secondary battery 113 is higher than the control voltage (the first control point of the secondary battery 113), and the secondary battery 113 has a considerable amount of electric energy but is not fully charged, the fuel cell 111 reduces the output power so that the fuel The electric energy conversion efficiency of the battery 111 itself is improved, and the use efficiency is better.

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a fifth embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, we use a maximum power tracker 125 to track the maximum power of the main battery 121 , and the control unit 124 determines the action of the DC power converter 122 at this time according to the signal of the voltage measurement unit 126 . When the secondary battery 123 is fully charged, the control unit 124 outputs a control signal 128 to fix the output voltage of the DC power converter 122 , and the output power of the fuel cell 121 is determined according to the demand of the load 127 . When the voltage of the secondary battery 123 is lower than a predetermined value, the control unit 124 outputs a control signal 128 so that the main battery 121 outputs the maximum power to the DC power converter 122 at this time, so that the secondary battery 123 can be charged as fast as possible.

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of the sixth embodiment of the present invention. The control method of this embodiment is different from the previous embodiments in that the control method of the previous embodiments is changed from the original analog control to digital control. The analog-to-digital converters 135 and 136 respectively measure the electrical parameters of the main battery 131 and the secondary battery 133, such as voltage, current or power, and convert them into digital signals and send them to the control unit 134 (the control unit 134 can be a micro Processor such as 8051, PIC family or DSP processor). The control unit 134 determines an output signal according to the signals of the analog-to-digital converters 135 and 136 , and converts it into a control signal 138 to control the DC power converter 132 through a digital-to-analog converter (not shown in the figure). Using the control method of this embodiment can reduce the complexity of the circuit, and the control method of the control unit 134 can be changed through software or firmware update. In addition, the voltages of the fuel cell 131 and the secondary battery 133 can be controlled more precisely by using a digital method, and better results can be obtained if the fuel cell 131 is to be controlled by multiple points.

Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of a seventh embodiment according to the present invention. In this embodiment, a hybrid power supply device 140 comprising a main battery 141 and a secondary battery pack 143 is provided, wherein the secondary battery pack 143 has one or more secondary battery units. The hybrid power supply device 140 further includes a DC power converter 142 . The DC power converter 142 receives a control signal Z output from a control unit 144 to adjust the input and output of the DC power converter 142 . The control unit 144 receives a first signal X output from an input measurement unit 145 and a second signal Y output from an output measurement unit 146 , generates a control signal Z and outputs it to the DC power converter 142 . The input measurement unit 145 is coupled to the main battery 141 to measure the current, voltage or power of the main battery 141 and convert it into a first signal X. The output measurement unit 146 is coupled to the secondary battery pack 143, measures the total voltage of the secondary battery pack 143, the voltage of a single secondary battery unit or the residual capacity of the secondary battery pack 143, and converts the output into a second signal Y.

FIG. 15 is a schematic circuit diagram of the control unit 144 in FIG. 14 . In this embodiment, the first signal X and the second signal Y determine whether the control signal Z is the first signal X or the second signal Y through a comparator 151 . In this embodiment, when the capacity of the secondary battery pack 143 is less than a first predetermined value, the control signal Z is the second signal Y, and when the capacity of the secondary battery pack 143 is greater than a second predetermined value, The control signal Z is the first signal X. By means of the control signal Z output by the control unit 144, the DC power converter 142 makes the fuel cell 141 output a fixed voltage to the DC power converter when the capacity of the secondary battery pack 143 is less than a first predetermined value, current or power. When the capacity of the secondary battery pack 143 is greater than a second predetermined value, the DC power converter 142 outputs a fixed voltage to the secondary battery pack 143 .

FIG. 16 is another circuit diagram of the control unit 144 in FIG. 14 . In the circuit diagram of the control unit 144 , the magnitudes of the first signal X and the second signal Y are compared by the operational amplifiers 161 and 162 and the diode 163 , and the larger signal is taken as the control signal Z. When the control signal Z is the second signal Y, the DC power converter 142 outputs a fixed voltage to the secondary battery pack 143 . When the control signal Z is the first signal X, the fuel cell 141 is made to output a fixed voltage, current or power to the DC power converter.

In order to make this embodiment easier to understand, this embodiment further provides circuit diagrams of the input measurement unit 145 and the output measurement unit 146 . FIG. 17 is a circuit diagram of the input measurement unit 145 in FIG. 14 . The voltage V _fc of the main battery 141 is compared with a reference voltage V _ref by a comparator 171 to obtain a first signal X. FIG. 18 is a circuit diagram of the output measurement unit 146 in FIG. 14 . The voltage V _s of the secondary battery pack is divided by the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 to generate a second signal Y. In this embodiment, the circuit diagrams of the input measurement unit 145 and the output measurement unit 146 in FIG. 17 and FIG. 18 are taken as examples, but this does not limit the present invention. The input measurement unit in FIG. 17 is a voltage measurement unit, but it can be changed to a current measurement unit or a power measurement unit as required. The output measurement unit in FIG. 18 is a voltage measurement unit, which is used to measure the total voltage of the secondary battery pack 143. It can also be changed to a voltage measurement unit of a single secondary battery unit or one or two A residual capacity measuring unit of the secondary battery pack 143 .

In order to achieve better control in this embodiment, this embodiment further provides a feedback signal generating circuit. Fig. 19 is a feedback signal generating circuit. In this circuit, the total voltage V _s of the secondary battery pack 143 is used as a feedback voltage, which is compared with a comparison voltage V _ref through at least one comparator to generate a feedback signal Q. The feedback signal Q replaces the reference voltage V _ref in FIG. 17 and changes the first signal X. As shown in FIG. When the second predetermined value is reached, the voltage, current or power input from the main battery 141 to the DC power converter 142 is adjusted. FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram of adding a feedback signal to the output measurement unit 146 in FIG. 14. In this embodiment, the control of the feedback signal Q is added to the output measurement unit 146. The feedback signal Q in this embodiment is the The total voltage V _s of the secondary battery pack 143 in the feedback signal generating circuit of 19 is changed to the voltage V _fc of the main battery, and then compared with a reference voltage V _ref to change the second signal Y, by such The feedback control can adjust the voltage, current or power input from the primary battery 141 to the DC power converter 142 when the capacity of the secondary battery pack 143 is between the first predetermined value and the second predetermined value.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any person familiar with this technology can make further improvements on this basis without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Improvements and changes, so the protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the claims of the present application.

A brief description of the symbols in the drawings is as follows:

10: Hybrid power supply device

11: Fuel cells

12: DC power converter

13: Secondary battery

14: load

15: Control unit

16: Operational amplifier

21: Fuel cells

22: DC power converter

23: Secondary battery

24: load

25: Operational amplifier

26: Control unit

31: Fuel Cell

32: Operational amplifier

33: Power converter

34: DC power converter

35: Protection circuit

36: Secondary battery

37: load

41: Main battery

40: Hybrid Power Supply

42: DC power converter

43: Secondary battery

44: Control unit

45: Status Detector

46: Status Detector

47: load

48: Control signal

401: Main battery

402: DC power converter

403: secondary battery

404: Control unit

405: Status Detector

406: Status Detector

407: load

408: Control signal

409: Control signal

410: switch unit

400: Hybrid power supply

51: Fuel Cell

52: DC power converter

53: Secondary battery

54: Voltage measurement unit

55: Voltage measurement unit

56: Control unit

57: load

71: Fuel cells

72: DC power converter

73: Secondary battery

74: Voltage measurement unit

75: Voltage measurement unit

76: Control unit

77: load

91: Fuel cells

92: DC power converter

93: Secondary battery

94: Current measurement unit

95: Voltage measurement unit

96: Control unit

97: load

111: Main battery

112: DC power converter

113: secondary battery

114: Control unit

115: Power measurement unit

116: Voltage measurement unit

117: load

118: Control signal

121: Main battery

122: DC power converter

123: secondary battery

124: Control unit

125: Maximum power tracking unit

126: Voltage measurement unit

127: load

128: Control signal

131: Main battery

132: DC power converter

133: secondary battery

134: Control unit

135: Analog-to-digital conversion unit

136: Analog-to-digital conversion unit

137: load

138: Control signal

140: Hybrid power supply device

141: Main battery

142: DC power converter

143: Secondary battery pack

144: Control unit

145: input measurement unit

146: Output measurement unit

151: Comparator

161, 162: Operational amplifiers

163: diode

Claims (53)

1, a kind of method for managing power supply that blendes together electric supply installation is characterized in that the described method for managing power supply that blendes together electric supply installation comprises:

One secondary cell is provided;

One main battery is provided;

One direct current power supply changeover device is provided;

Obtain the capacity status of this secondary cell;

When the capacity of this secondary cell during, control this dc power converter and make this main battery have first electrical parameter of one first fixed value less than one first predetermined value.

2, the method for managing power supply that blendes together electric supply installation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: this first electrical parameter is a voltage.

3, the method for managing power supply that blendes together electric supply installation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: this first electrical parameter is an electric current.

4, the method for managing power supply that blendes together electric supply installation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: this first electrical parameter is a power.

5, the method for managing power supply that blendes together electric supply installation according to claim 1 is characterized in that more comprising:

When the capacity of this secondary cell during more than or equal to one second predetermined value, second electrical parameter that makes this dc power converter output have one second fixed value.

6, the method for managing power supply that blendes together electric supply installation according to claim 1 is characterized in that more comprising:

When the capacity of this secondary cell during, disconnect the power transfer between main battery and the direct current energy transducer more than or equal to one second predetermined value.

7, the method for managing power supply that blendes together electric supply installation according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: this first electrical parameter is a voltage, and, improve the voltage that this main battery is imported this dc power converter according to the increase of this secondary battery capacity when the capacity of this secondary cell during greater than this first predetermined value and less than this second predetermined value.

8, the method for managing power supply that blendes together electric supply installation according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: this first electrical parameter is an electric current, and, reduce the electric current that this main battery is imported this dc power converter according to the increase of this secondary battery capacity when the capacity of this secondary cell during during greater than this first predetermined value and less than this second predetermined value.

9, the method for managing power supply that blendes together electric supply installation according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: this first electrical parameter is a power, and, reduce the power that this main battery is imported this dc power converter according to the increase of this secondary battery capacity when the capacity of this secondary cell during during greater than this first predetermined value and less than this second predetermined value.

10, the method for managing power supply that blendes together electric supply installation according to claim 5 is characterized in that: this second electrical parameter is a voltage.

11, the method for managing power supply that blendes together electric supply installation according to claim 1 is characterized in that more comprising:

The one secondary cell voltage and the capacitance table of comparisons are provided; And

Detect the voltage of this secondary cell, try to achieve the capacity status of this secondary cell according to this secondary cell voltage and the capacitance table of comparisons.

12, the method for managing power supply that blendes together electric supply installation according to claim 5 is characterized in that: this first predetermined value equals this second predetermined value.

13, a kind of electric supply installation that blendes together is characterized in that the described electric supply installation that blendes together comprises:

One main battery has an electric energy output end;

One secondary cell has an electric energy input;

One control unit in order to the electrical property state that obtains this main battery and a capacity status of this secondary cell, and is exported a control signal; And

One direct current power supply changeover device, has the electric energy output end that one first electric energy input couples this main battery, one first electric energy output end couples the electric energy input of this secondary cell, one control input end receives this control signal that this control unit transmits, carry out a power management routines, comprise the following steps:

When the capacity of this secondary cell during less than one first predetermined value, this control unit is sent this control signal, controls this dc power converter and makes this main battery have first electrical parameter of first fixed value.

14, the electric supply installation that blendes together according to claim 13 is characterized in that: this first electrical parameter is a voltage.

15, the electric supply installation that blendes together according to claim 13 is characterized in that: this first electrical parameter is an electric current.

16, the electric supply installation that blendes together according to claim 13 is characterized in that: this first electrical parameter is a power.

17, the electric supply installation that blendes together according to claim 13, it is characterized in that: this power management routines more comprises the following steps:

When the capacity of this secondary cell during greater than one second predetermined value, control unit is exported this control signal, makes this dc power converter output one second electrical parameter with second fixed value.

18, the electric supply installation that blendes together according to claim 17 is characterized in that: this first predetermined value is equal to this second predetermined value.

19, the electric supply installation that blendes together according to claim 17 is characterized in that: this second electrical parameter is a voltage.

20, the electric supply installation that blendes together according to claim 17, it is characterized in that: this power management routines more comprises the following steps:

When this first electrical parameter is a voltage, and the capacity of this secondary cell is greater than this first predetermined value, during less than this second predetermined value, this control unit is exported this control signal, increases the voltage that this main battery is imported this dc power converter according to the increase of this secondary battery capacity.

21, the electric supply installation that blendes together according to claim 17, it is characterized in that: this power management routines more comprises the following steps:

When this first electrical parameter is an electric current, and the capacity of this secondary cell is greater than this first predetermined value, during less than this second predetermined value, this control unit is exported this control signal, reduces the electric current that this main battery is imported this dc power converter according to the increase of this secondary battery capacity.

22, the electric supply installation that blendes together according to claim 17 is characterized in that this power management routines more comprises the following steps:

When this first electrical parameter is a power, and the capacity of this secondary cell is greater than this first predetermined value, during less than this second predetermined value, this control unit is exported this control signal, reduces the power that this main battery is imported this dc power converter according to the increase of this secondary battery capacity.

23, the electric supply installation that blendes together according to claim 17 is characterized in that more comprising:

One first state detecting device in order to detecting first electrical parameter of this main battery, and is converted to one first status signal that should first electrical parameter; And

One second state detecting device in order to detecting second electrical parameter of this secondary cell, and is converted to one second status signal that should second electrical parameter.

24, the electric supply installation that blendes together according to claim 23 is characterized in that: this first state detecting device is a voltage measurement unit.

25, the electric supply installation that blendes together according to claim 23 is characterized in that: this first state detecting device is a current measurement unit.

26, the electric supply installation that blendes together according to claim 23 is characterized in that: this first state detecting device is a power measurement unit.

27, the electric supply installation that blendes together according to claim 23 is characterized in that: this first state detecting device is a maximum power tracing unit.

28, the electric supply installation that blendes together according to claim 23 is characterized in that: this second state detecting device is a voltage measurement unit.

29, the electric supply installation that blendes together according to claim 23 is characterized in that: this first status signal is a voltage signal.

30, the electric supply installation that blendes together according to claim 23 is characterized in that: this second status signal is a voltage signal.

31, the electric supply installation that blendes together according to claim 13 is characterized in that: this secondary cell is made of lithium rechargeable battery, Ni-MH battery or lead-acid battery.

32, the electric supply installation that blendes together according to claim 13 is characterized in that: this main battery is constituted by fuel cell or solar cell.

33, a kind of electric supply installation that blendes together is characterized in that the described electric supply installation that blendes together comprises:

One main battery;

One input variable measurement unit is electrically connected this main battery, exports one first signal according to one first electrical parameter of this main battery;

One secondary battery has one or more secondary battery cell;

One output variable measurement unit is electrically connected this secondary battery, exports a secondary signal according to one second electrical parameter of this secondary battery;

One control unit receives this first signal and this secondary signal and exports one the 3rd signal, wherein the 3rd signal be this first signal and this secondary signal one of them; And

One direct current power supply changeover device, be electrically connected this main battery and this secondary battery, an input with one first electrical parameter and an output voltage according to the 3rd this dc power converter of Signal Regulation, when the capacity of this secondary battery during less than one first predetermined value, this dc power converter makes this main battery have first electrical parameter of one first fixed value according to the 3rd signal, when the capacity of this secondary battery during more than or equal to one second predetermined value, this dc power converter is exported one second voltage according to the 3rd signal.

34, the electric supply installation that blendes together according to claim 33, it is characterized in that: this control unit more comprises a comparing unit, when this secondary signal during greater than a reference signal, the 3rd signal is this first signal, when this secondary signal during less than a reference signal, the 3rd signal is this secondary signal.

35, the electric supply installation that blendes together according to claim 33, it is characterized in that: this control unit more comprises a comparing unit, this comparing unit is in order to relatively this first signal and this secondary signal, and this control unit selects one of this first signal and this secondary signal to be the 3rd signal according to the comparative result of this comparator.

36, the electric supply installation that blendes together according to claim 33 is characterized in that: this first predetermined value equals this second predetermined value.

37, the electric supply installation that blendes together according to claim 33 is characterized in that: this first electrical parameter is a voltage.

38, the electric supply installation that blendes together according to claim 33 is characterized in that: this first electrical parameter is an electric current.

39, the electric supply installation that blendes together according to claim 33 is characterized in that: this first electrical parameter is a power.

40, the electric supply installation that blendes together according to claim 33 is characterized in that: this second electrical parameter is the total voltage of this secondary battery.

41, the electric supply installation that blendes together according to claim 33 is characterized in that: this second electrical parameter is the voltage of a secondary battery cell in this secondary battery.

42, the electric supply installation that blendes together according to claim 33 is characterized in that: this second electrical parameter is the capacity of this secondary battery.

43, the electric supply installation that blendes together according to claim 33 is characterized in that: more comprise a control signal generation circuit, this control signal generation circuit receives a reference signal and this secondary signal, exports a control signal, in order to regulate the 3rd signal.

44, according to the described electric supply installation that blendes together of claim 43, it is characterized in that: this input variable measurement unit is more regulated this first signal according to this control signal.

45, according to the described electric supply installation that blendes together of claim 44, it is characterized in that: when this first electrical parameter be voltage and this secondary battery capacity less than one second predetermined value during greater than one first predetermined value, the 3rd signal makes this dc power converter increase the voltage of this main battery input according to the increase of this secondary battery capacity.

46, according to the described electric supply installation that blendes together of claim 44, it is characterized in that: when this first electrical parameter be electric current and this secondary battery capacity less than one second predetermined value during greater than one first predetermined value, the 3rd signal makes this dc power converter reduce the electric current of this main battery input according to the increase of this secondary battery capacity.

47, according to the described electric supply installation that blendes together of claim 44, it is characterized in that: when this first electrical parameter be power and this secondary battery capacity less than one second predetermined value during greater than one first predetermined value, the 3rd signal makes this dc power converter reduce the power of this main battery input according to the increase of this secondary battery capacity.

48, the electric supply installation that blendes together according to claim 33 is characterized in that: more comprise a control signal generation circuit, this control signal generation circuit receives a reference signal and this first signal, exports a control signal, in order to regulate the 3rd signal.

49, according to the described electric supply installation that blendes together of claim 48, it is characterized in that: this output variable measurement unit is more regulated this secondary signal according to this control signal.

50, according to the described electric supply installation that blendes together of claim 49, it is characterized in that: when this first electrical parameter be voltage and this secondary battery capacity less than one second predetermined value during greater than one first predetermined value, the 3rd signal makes this dc power converter increase the voltage of this main battery input according to the increase of this secondary battery capacity.

51, according to the described electric supply installation that blendes together of claim 49, it is characterized in that: when this first electrical parameter be electric current and this secondary battery capacity less than one second predetermined value during greater than one first predetermined value, the 3rd signal makes this dc power converter reduce the electric current of this main battery input according to the increase of this secondary battery capacity.

52, according to the described electric supply installation that blendes together of claim 49, it is characterized in that: when this first electrical parameter be power and this secondary battery capacity less than one second predetermined value during greater than one first predetermined value, the 3rd signal makes this dc power converter reduce the power of this main battery input according to the increase of this secondary battery capacity.

53, the electric supply installation that blendes together according to claim 33 is characterized in that: this main battery is constituted by fuel cell or solar cell.

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