CN1910338A - Annulus plugging detection using a pressure transmitter in gas-lift oil production - Google Patents
Annulus plugging detection using a pressure transmitter in gas-lift oil production Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1910338A CN1910338A CNA2005800023661A CN200580002366A CN1910338A CN 1910338 A CN1910338 A CN 1910338A CN A2005800023661 A CNA2005800023661 A CN A2005800023661A CN 200580002366 A CN200580002366 A CN 200580002366A CN 1910338 A CN1910338 A CN 1910338A
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- Prior art keywords
- outer ring
- pressure transmitter
- pressure
- ring space
- parameter
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/12—Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
- E21B43/121—Lifting well fluids
- E21B43/122—Gas lift
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
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- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Pipeline Systems (AREA)
Abstract
Outer annulus plugging detection is provided for gas-lift oil wells. The outer annulus detection is effected using a pressure transmitter (100). The pressure transmitter (100) provides an indication of pressure within an outer annulus (20) of the oil well. A statistical parameter related to a plurality of outer annulus pressure readings is used to provide an indication of annulus plugging. Examples of the statistical parameter include means and standard deviation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the gas-lifting type oil production operations, especially, the plugged annulus that the present invention relates to improve in this operation detects.
Background technology
The gas lift method that promotes crude oil is used in the oil well in a lot of worlds.Really, there are a considerable amount of gases and containing in the oil field of a considerable amount of generation solids followed therein, thereby preferably increase the method that nature stores up the pressure of layer and increases output.
Because this technology comprises the equipment of relative compact at well head, such as very short local in the space on the sea and the place that is restricted at the path of maintenance, this technology is attractive especially.
Fig. 1 is the sketch of typical gas-lift oil well.Central tube 10 limits passage 12, and crude oil flows up to ground on the direction of arrow 14 by passage 12 and finally arrives one or more gathering stations.Mid portion comprises intermediate conductor 16, preferably, described intermediate conductor 16 be arranged on one heart pipeline 10 around to limit the interior annular space 17 between conduit 16 and the pipeline 10.Gas-pressurized is injected in the interior annular space 17 and advances to the bottom of pipe-line system downwards on the direction of arrow 18.Gas-pressurized enters the mid portion that comprises crude oil by special part then.This has produced crude oil and has risen to surperficial lift through pipeline 10.According to the character of this process, interior annular space 17 is added high pressure and often has exceeds extraneous temperature.The outer ring space 22 that shell 20 limits between shell 20 and the conduit 16.Outer ring space 22 and shell 20 help to protect environment in case stopping leak leaks and any heat affecting of suction operation.In ideal conditions, the pressure in the outer ring space 22 is a little less than atmospheric pressure, and can not have any material such as oil or gas that is arranged on wherein.Yet, in practical operation, outer ring space 22 since from the leakage of interior annular space 12 or in limiting breaking in the conduit 16 on the barrier layer between annular space 17 and the outer ring space 22 can become pressurized.Pressure in the outer ring space 22 can reach per square inch the level of 2000 pounds grade sometimes.In these cases, be the operation oil well, perhaps need be from the indult of government or other suitable authorities.In the case, for abiding by the regulations, must monitor the pressure in the outer ring space 22.
Make a factor of the pressure complexity in the monitoring outer ring space 22 be arranged on material in the outer ring space 22, described outer ring space 22 perhaps can (partly or entirely) be full of such as from around or the material of the water that stores up layer, mud, oil.Because these materials can solidify under high relatively temperature owing to having quite high pressure, the existence of these materials can produce sizable problem to pressure measxurement.As shown in fig. 1, in order to monitor the pressure in the outer ring space 22, be operably connected to sometimes on the outer ring space 22 such as the pressure transmitter of transmitter 24.
During normal oil suction operation, oil temperature can be about 160 , and this temperature is that the gas by relatively high pressure is injected in the system and causes.Because multiple reason, oil well once in a while can shut-down operations.In the case, the temperature near ground and overhead well head can drop to ambient temperature.In these cases, the material in outer ring space 22 can solidify, and produces obstruction in outer ring space 22 and/or in the instrument pipeline 26.When this takes place, will no longer reflect actual pressure in the outer ring space 22 by the pressure measuring value that uses transmitter 24 to obtain.When oil well began to operate again, the temperature in the oil well began to rise.This temperature rising can cause the material of outer ring space 22 bottoms to expand.Because have frozen plug at the top, can occur suitable pressure in the annular space 22 below stopping up increases.In this process, observed and exceeded 4000 pounds outer annulus pressures per square inch.Because the frozen plug at annular space 22 tops will can not indicate this violent pressure to raise by the pressure that uses transmitter 24 to measure.Therefore, perhaps the pressure monitor in well head place routine is helpless to detect this problem.If the pressure in the oil well rises too many, may set off an explosion at the top and cause the leakage of environment and potential grievous injury even death.
Therefore, determining whether outer ring space is becoming stops up or has stopped up extremely important.And in order to guarantee not need extra cost in this observation process, if can finish not increasing under important hardware or the situation of technician's time this monitoring, this observation process will be useful.
Summary of the invention
Propose outer ring space for gas-lift oil well and stopped up detection.The working pressure transmitter is realized outer annulus detection.Pressure transmitter provides the indication of the interior pressure of the outer ring space of oil well.The parameter relevant with a plurality of outer annulus pressure readings is used to provide the indication of plugged annulus.The example of statistical parameter comprises average and standard deviation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the sketch of typical gas-lift oil well;
Fig. 2 is the sketch of pressure transmitter, and described pressure transmitter is operably connected to outer ring space according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 has shown the result of the test of carrying out according to embodiments of the invention;
Fig. 4 has shown the standard deviation as the function of time that the test cases with Fig. 3 is identical.
The specific embodiment
Fig. 2 is the sketch that is operably connected to the pressure transmitter 100 of outer ring space 22.Pressure sensor 102 fluids of transmitter 100 are connected to annular space 22, and have the electrical characteristics that change with the pressure in the annular space 22.Pressure sensor 102 can be the pressure sensor of capacity type, based on strain gauge pressure sensor or any other right sensors of resistance.Pressure sensor 102 is electrically connected to analog-digital converter 104.Converter 104 analog signal conversion of autobiography sensor 102 in the future becomes digital numerical value, and described digital numerical value offers controller 108 by converter 104 via line 106.In addition, according to an embodiment of this invention, converter 104 can provide the auxiliary output 110 that dots, and described auxiliary output 110 only reflects the digital bit stream of instruction simulation reading.The use of digital bit stream allows higher resolution ratio, and this statistical disposition to some types is useful.For example, when traditional analog-digital converter can provide the about 22 times digital translation of per second on circuit 106, the frequency of the digital bit stream on circuit 110 can surpass 100kHz.
Preferably, controller 108 is a microprocessor.Controller 108 can be the parts of transmitter 100, or is placed on the place away from transmitter 100.Controller 108 can comprise built-in storage (not illustrating respectively) and/or can be connected to external memory 120.By using built-in storage, external memory 120 or their combination, controller 108 will be stored pressure measurement data, and described pressure measurement data is with temporal, relevant from the reading of pressure sensor 102.According to embodiments of the invention, determined: go up the obstruction that isolated reading can disclose annular space 22 based on a plurality of times relevant with pressure sensor 102.The remaining major part of manual will concentrate in the use of statistical parameter.Yet, by using other analytical technology and any other suitable method such as fuzzy logic, neutral net, learning art, trend analysis, or their any combination, embodiments of the invention can be implemented.
In order to understand the effect of obstruction, on the laboratory rigs of the oil well of reality and simulation, various simulations have all been carried out.In these simulations, by measurement mechanism and process are isolated, the various valves on the use instrument pipeline are with the condition of artificial initiation plugged annulus.Commercially availabie pressure transmitter (the commercial trade mark 3051 ST can be from Rosmount, Inc., and of Eden Prairie, Minnesota obtains) as device for pressure measurement.This transmitter is equipped with and is used for providing for statistical computation the assisting data channel 110 of quick renewal diagnosis.Average deviation and standard deviation that two statistical computations of use in simulation are pressure measuring values.Yet, should not think that embodiments of the invention are limited to these statistical computations.
Fig. 3 shows one result in the test of execution.This curve representative is as the mean parameter of the function of time.At this in particular cases, the routine operating pressure in the outer ring space 22 is approximately 426 pounds per square inch.Each shut off valve is when impelling plugged annulus, and compared to normal operating pressure, the mean parameter pressure reading has shown declining to a great extent of numerical value.The conclusion that test has drawn is: variations in temperature and pipe/valve leaks help this variation as the result who stops up.Therefore, pressure transmitter 100 can be characterized as, and perhaps is calibrated to known non-blocked state in addition.Then, if the average of pressure sensor readings exceeds the threshold value of permission with " good " state baseline deviation, the pressure transmitter 100 of self-indication plugged annulus provides alarm or other suitable indications.
Fig. 4 has shown the standard deviation as the function of time that the test cases with Fig. 3 is identical.The more distinguished signal that is used to stop up indication of standard deviation parameter representative.During each system jams, in standard deviation, can observe peak value.Because see that from the result shown in Fig. 4 standard deviation is apparent, therefore, standard deviation can use separately, perhaps uses jointly with average, detects so that plugged annulus to be provided.
Plugged annulus is detected, and another challenging situation is when oil well stops and starting.In the case, the pressure in the outer ring space 22 will not be higher than the pressure during the normal running.Yet, in the case, still can use the statistic processes monitoring.If carried out training on pressure transmitter before suction operation shuts down, so, outer annulus mean pressure and its standard deviation can be as the baseline records.When oil well started once more, if do not stop up, the expecting pressure measured value can rise from its shutdown levels.If obstruction is arranged, pressure measuring value will can not rise significantly, thus the expression plugged annulus.Therefore, according to one embodiment of present invention, pressure transmitter 100 is provided with about suction operation or stops and starting, perhaps about suction operation, the notice that stops and starting.Thereby, when pressure transmitter 100 is received the notice that suction starts once more, before the expection measured value can be accepted, can wait for the previously selected duration.
Although preferably, carry out continuously about the monitoring of the statistical parameter of outer annulus pressures, by obtaining outer annulus pressures in the selected time interval, perhaps even response technology personnel's request, embodiments of the invention can access enforcement.Yet for statistical computation is provided, the numerical value of enough pressure measuring values must be gathered by pressure sensor 102.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiment, the skilled workman of this area will admit: under situation without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can make a change in form and details.
Claims (18)
1, a kind of system that is used for detecting the outer ring space obstruction in the gas-lift oil well, described system comprises:
Pressure transmitter, described pressure transmitter can be operably connected to the outer ring space of gas-lift oil well, and described pressure transmitter is suitable for the signal that provides relevant with the pressure in the outer ring space; And
Controller, described controller is configured to receive described signal and obtains a plurality of pressure measuring values relevant with outer ring space, the described measured value time goes up spaced apart, and based on a plurality of pressure measuring values, described controller is configured to calculate the parameter of expression plugged annulus.
2, system according to claim 1, wherein, described controller is the element of pressure transmitter.
3, system according to claim 1, wherein, described pressure transmitter is suitable for providing first signal and secondary signal, the pressure in described first signal indication outer ring space, described secondary signal indication is stopped up.
4, system according to claim 3, wherein, described pressure transmitter is communicated by letter by the digital processing communication loop.
5, system according to claim 1, wherein, described pressure transmitter is provided electric energy by the digital processing communication loop.
6, system according to claim 1, wherein, described pressure transmitter also comprises analog-digital converter, described analog-digital converter offers controller with digital translation.
7, system according to claim 1, wherein, described pressure transmitter also comprises analog-digital converter, described analog-digital converter offers controller with the high speed bit stream.
8, system according to claim 1, wherein, described parameter is a statistical parameter.
9, system according to claim 8, wherein, described statistical parameter is an average.
10, system according to claim 8, wherein, described statistical parameter is a standard deviation.
11, system according to claim 8, wherein, described statistical parameter is the combination of average and standard deviation.
12, system according to claim 1, wherein, described parameter is calculated by using fuzzy logic.
13, system according to claim 1, wherein, described parameter is calculated by using neutral net.
14, the method whether stopped up of a kind of outer ring space of definite gas-lift oil well to small part, described method comprises:
A plurality of times of obtaining in the outer ring space are gone up isolated pressure measuring value;
By using described a plurality of measured value counting statistics parameter; And
The indication of obstruction is provided based on described statistical parameter.
15, method according to claim 14, wherein, described method supply pressure transmitter is carried out.
16, method according to claim 14, wherein, described statistical parameter is an average.
17, method according to claim 14, wherein, described statistical parameter is a standard deviation.
18, a kind of gas-lift oil well comprises:
First pipeline, described first pipeline have first tube wall that limits the inside be suitable for carrying pressurization crude oil;
Second pipeline, described second pipeline have second tube wall that limits interior annular space with first tube wall;
Shell, the described shell and second tube wall limit outer ring space; And
Be used to detect the device that outer ring space stops up.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US54218504P | 2004-02-05 | 2004-02-05 | |
| US60/542,185 | 2004-02-05 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1910338A true CN1910338A (en) | 2007-02-07 |
Family
ID=34860271
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2005800023661A Pending CN1910338A (en) | 2004-02-05 | 2005-02-03 | Annulus plugging detection using a pressure transmitter in gas-lift oil production |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20050173112A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1711681B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2007520656A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1910338A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2547974A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE602005009493D1 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2359117C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2005078237A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110185415A (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2019-08-30 | 中国科学院深海科学与工程研究所 | Petroleum pipeline dredging system and dredging method |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7949495B2 (en) * | 1996-03-28 | 2011-05-24 | Rosemount, Inc. | Process variable transmitter with diagnostics |
| US7770459B2 (en) * | 2007-07-20 | 2010-08-10 | Rosemount Inc. | Differential pressure diagnostic for process fluid pulsations |
| EP2176470B1 (en) | 2007-07-20 | 2021-01-13 | Rosemount Inc. | Differential pressure diagnostic for process fluid pulsations |
| US8240199B2 (en) * | 2008-12-16 | 2012-08-14 | Mcmiles Barry James | Hydraulic signature tester |
| US20240328302A1 (en) * | 2023-03-30 | 2024-10-03 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Scaling and plugging detection in artificial lift application |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2678605A (en) * | 1950-08-07 | 1954-05-18 | Shell Dev | Gas-lift apparatus for producing multiple zone wells |
| US2704980A (en) * | 1950-11-22 | 1955-03-29 | Stanolind Oil & Gas Co | Well-producing apparatus |
| US5272646A (en) * | 1991-04-11 | 1993-12-21 | Farmer Edward J | Method for locating leaks in a fluid pipeline and apparatus therefore |
| US5462120A (en) * | 1993-01-04 | 1995-10-31 | S-Cal Research Corp. | Downhole equipment, tools and assembly procedures for the drilling, tie-in and completion of vertical cased oil wells connected to liner-equipped multiple drainholes |
| US5741980A (en) * | 1994-11-02 | 1998-04-21 | Foster-Miller, Inc. | Flow analysis system and method |
| US6017143A (en) * | 1996-03-28 | 2000-01-25 | Rosemount Inc. | Device in a process system for detecting events |
| US6654697B1 (en) * | 1996-03-28 | 2003-11-25 | Rosemount Inc. | Flow measurement with diagnostics |
| US6907383B2 (en) * | 1996-03-28 | 2005-06-14 | Rosemount Inc. | Flow diagnostic system |
| US6601005B1 (en) * | 1996-11-07 | 2003-07-29 | Rosemount Inc. | Process device diagnostics using process variable sensor signal |
| CN1183374C (en) * | 1999-02-25 | 2005-01-05 | 罗斯蒙德公司 | Flow measurement with diagnostics |
| US6859755B2 (en) * | 2001-05-14 | 2005-02-22 | Rosemount Inc. | Diagnostics for industrial process control and measurement systems |
| GB2395736B (en) * | 2001-08-17 | 2005-08-10 | Kvaerner Oilfield Products Ltd | Annulus monitoring system |
| US6820702B2 (en) * | 2002-08-27 | 2004-11-23 | Noble Drilling Services Inc. | Automated method and system for recognizing well control events |
-
2005
- 2005-02-03 WO PCT/US2005/003218 patent/WO2005078237A1/en active Application Filing
- 2005-02-03 DE DE602005009493T patent/DE602005009493D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-02-03 JP JP2006552205A patent/JP2007520656A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-02-03 RU RU2006131692/03A patent/RU2359117C2/en active
- 2005-02-03 CN CNA2005800023661A patent/CN1910338A/en active Pending
- 2005-02-03 US US11/050,637 patent/US20050173112A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-02-03 EP EP05712602A patent/EP1711681B1/en not_active Ceased
- 2005-02-03 CA CA002547974A patent/CA2547974A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110185415A (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2019-08-30 | 中国科学院深海科学与工程研究所 | Petroleum pipeline dredging system and dredging method |
| CN110185415B (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2024-05-03 | 中国科学院深海科学与工程研究所 | Petroleum pipeline dredging system and petroleum pipeline dredging method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2007520656A (en) | 2007-07-26 |
| DE602005009493D1 (en) | 2008-10-16 |
| EP1711681B1 (en) | 2008-09-03 |
| US20050173112A1 (en) | 2005-08-11 |
| CA2547974A1 (en) | 2005-08-25 |
| WO2005078237A1 (en) | 2005-08-25 |
| RU2006131692A (en) | 2008-03-10 |
| EP1711681A1 (en) | 2006-10-18 |
| RU2359117C2 (en) | 2009-06-20 |
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| AD01 | Patent right deemed abandoned |
Effective date of abandoning: 20070207 |
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