CN1976178B - Variable speed constant frequency excitation control system - Google Patents

Abstract

A wind-driven motor of double-rotator variable speed and constant frequency type is prepared as connecting exciter with generator main body in series way through master driving shaft of unit master wind wheel, setting permanent magnet external rotator and exciter internal rotator to be relatively rotating mode, coupling sub-driving shaft driven by wind sub-wheel with master driving shaft driven by master wind wheel on the same shaft in mode of mutual rotation, setting rotation speed measurement units on both said wind wheels for transmitting rotation signals to control unit.

Description

Variable speed constant frequency excitation control system

Technical field

The present invention relates to wind-driven generator, the permanent-magnet variable-speed constant frequency of particularly connecting excitation dual-rotor wind power generation machine and have the exciter control system of this wind-powered electricity generation machine.

Background technology

Known techniques such as Chinese patent CN200510022771.1 disclose a kind of speed-changing constant frequency method of wind power generation, be characterized in, at first the rotating speed with the wind energy conversion system rotor passes through the step-up gear speedup, the power shaft of the input power input differential permanent-magnet motor that then speed change is produced, carry out power dividing or interflow by the box of tricks of differential permanent-magnet motor and produce the stator winding that power circuit enters differential permanent-magnet motor and electrical network is realized the constant-speed and constant-frequency generating, to improve the generating efficiency of electricity generation system through feeder line.

And for example Chinese patent CN200410003089.3 discloses a kind of MW level and has directly driven the permanent-magnetic outer rotor synchro wind generator, and it adopts multipole outer-rotor structure.This generator comprises fixed axis, rotation axis, coil windings, permanent magnetic steel, iron core, stator and external rotor, wherein rotation axis by Bearing Installation on fixed axis, stator is installed on the fixed axis by stator support, external rotor is installed on the rotation axis by rotor field spider, can be provided with axial cooling ventilation duct between winding coil and stator support; Windward side between external rotor and stator is provided with protective cover.Because number of poles is many, its rotating speed is very low, thereby does not need step-up gear supporting, can directly drive generating; Generator does not have the cooling fan of carrying or adorns cooling system outward.

Known wind turbine generator is produced wind wheel by gear box under the wind-force effect transmission of power is given generator and is made it obtain corresponding rotating speeds; Usually the rotating speed of wind wheel is very low, does not far reach the high-speed engine desired rotating speed that generates electricity, and must be used for realization by the speedup of gear box gear pair; And the work condition environment of wind-driven generator unit is generally very poor, and the gear box fault that takes place frequently is a common occurrence.

The product reliability that known technology is made is poor, the maintenance cost height, and unit efficiency is low.Industry wishes to utilize the variable speed constant frequency range of operation of the brushless structure and the broad of brushless double-fed machine technology, efficiently utilize the technical advantage of wind energy in conjunction with the two phoenix wheels that are installed on the birotor power transmission shaft reverse rotation mutually, remove gear box and complicated control system and realize that the variable speed constant frequency of generating set moves.

Summary of the invention

Problem to be solved by this invention is, overcomes the above-mentioned defective that the technology of taking over exists, and a kind of exciter control system of variable speed constant frequency wind-powered electricity generation machine is provided.

The present invention solves double-rotor variable speed constant frequency wind-powered electricity generation machine technology problem and takes following technical scheme to realize, according to a kind of double-rotor variable speed constant frequency wind-powered electricity generation machine provided by the invention, comprise generator unit stator and the generator amature that is rotary configured setting by final drive shaft transmission, relative this stator in the generator main body, wherein, exciter is by the final drive shaft and the coaxial string dress of generator main body of device main air wheel; Permanent magnet is located at the permanent-magnetic outer rotor that constitutes exciter on the yoke of permanent-magnetic outer rotor; This permanent-magnetic outer rotor is to be the structure setting that counterrotating structure and this permanent-magnetic outer rotor are relative generator unit stator rotation with the exciter internal rotor; Described secondary wind wheel be can drive permanent-magnetic outer rotor constructing apparatus on counter drive shaft; Described counter drive shaft by secondary wind wheel transmission becomes the coaxial connection of the mode that can rotate mutually with final drive shaft by the transmission of main air wheel.

This case solves double-rotor variable speed constant frequency wind-powered electricity generation machine technology problem and also can be applied to the following technical measures to achieve further:

Aforesaid double-rotor variable speed constant frequency wind-powered electricity generation machine, wherein, described secondary wind wheel is with the drive structure configuration of relative main air wheel reverse rotation; Described secondary wind wheel is the setting of upwind rotational structure; The main air wheel is wind direction rotational structure setting down.

Aforementioned double-rotor variable speed constant frequency wind-powered electricity generation machine, wherein, described permanent magnet becomes configuration set, its number of pole-pairs and exciter internal rotor number of pole-pairs coupling; The yoke of described device permanent magnet is arranged in the permanent-magnetic outer rotor housing.

Aforesaid double-rotor variable speed constant frequency wind-powered electricity generation machine wherein, leaves the default spacing of avoiding secondary wind wheel and tower collision between described secondary wind wheel and the exciter.

Aforesaid double-rotor variable speed constant frequency wind-powered electricity generation machine, wherein, described major and minor power transmission shaft all has the hollow via-hole of preset diameters, and this power transmission shaft is by being configured in bearing on the generator and the bearings on the exciter.

The technical problem that this case solves variable speed constant frequency excitation control system can adopt following technical measures to realize, according to a kind of variable speed constant frequency excitation control system provided by the invention, comprise generator, generator has generator unit stator and the generator amature that is rotary configured setting by final drive shaft transmission, relative this stator, wherein, exciter is by the final drive shaft and the coaxial string dress of generator main body of device main air wheel; The permanent-magnetic outer rotor that permanent magnet constitutes exciter is set on the yoke of permanent-magnetic outer rotor; This permanent-magnetic outer rotor is to be the structure setting that counterrotating structure and this permanent-magnetic outer rotor are relative generator unit stator rotation with the exciter internal rotor; Secondary wind wheel be can drive permanent-magnetic outer rotor constructing apparatus on counter drive shaft; Become the coaxial connection of the mode that to rotate mutually by the counter drive shaft of secondary wind wheel transmission with the final drive shaft of taking turns transmission by main air.

The technical problem that this case solves variable speed constant frequency excitation control system can also adopt following technical measures further to realize:

Aforesaid variable speed constant frequency excitation control system, wherein, described secondary wind wheel is with the drive structure configuration of relative main air wheel reverse rotation; Described secondary wind wheel is the setting of upwind rotational structure; The main air wheel is wind direction rotational structure setting down.

Aforementioned variable speed constant frequency excitation control system, wherein, described permanent magnet becomes configuration set, its number of pole-pairs and exciter internal rotor number of pole-pairs coupling; The yoke of described device permanent magnet is arranged in the permanent-magnetic outer rotor housing.

Aforesaid variable speed constant frequency excitation control system wherein, leaves the default spacing of avoiding secondary wind wheel and tower collision between described secondary wind wheel and the exciter.

Aforementioned variable speed constant frequency excitation control system, wherein, described major and minor power transmission shaft all has the hollow via-hole of preset diameters, and this power transmission shaft is by being configured in bearing on the generator and the bearings on the exciter.

Aforementioned variable speed constant frequency excitation control system wherein, is provided with on the aforesaid major and minor wind wheel and the signal of rotating speed can be sent to the main air wheel speed measurement mechanism of unit centralized control equipment, secondary wind speed round measurement mechanism; The unit centralized control equipment have the port that connects with the wind speed checkout gear, with the wind direction checkout gear connect port, with the port of host computer transmission data; Yawer and unit centralized control equipment connect in the mode of wind direction rotation under the control main air wheel; Described main air is taken turns main air wheel variable propeller pitch adjusting mechanism, the secondary wind wheel variable propeller pitch adjusting mechanism with secondary wind wheel difference configuration adjustment propeller pitch angle, and described major and minor wind wheel variable propeller pitch adjusting mechanism and unit centralized control equipment all connect in the mode of control wind wheel variable propeller pitch adjusting mechanism change oar; Connect successively at the voltage output end of generator can be limited generator output voltage, with after date softly be incorporated into the power networks, the grid-connection control device and the step-up transformer of soft parallel off when shutting down, connect with external power grid again; Between grid-connection control device and step-up transformer successively the output voltage measurement mechanism that connects of configuration and unit centralized control equipment, the detecting device for output current that connects with the unit centralized control equipment, and with the mains frequency checkout gear of unit centralized control equipment connection; The unloaded checkout gear that configuration and unit centralized control equipment connect between generator and grid-connection control device.

Aforesaid variable speed constant frequency excitation control system, wherein: the secondary wind wheel of described generator is with the drive structure configuration of relative main air wheel reverse rotation; The main air wheel is wind direction rotational structure setting down; The blade wind sweeping area of described main air wheel is set to blade wind sweeping area 2-5 times of secondary wind wheel; Described major and minor wind wheel variable propeller pitch adjusting mechanism structure is identical, it is made up of change oar servomechanism and change oar control device, and described unit centralized control equipment connects with the mode that change oar servomechanism is according to detected propeller pitch angle variation carrying out main air is taken turns and secondary wind speed round is regulated by becoming the oar control device; Described main air wheel and the corresponding configuration main air wheel of difference in secondary wind wheel propeller pitch angle measurement mechanism, secondary wind wheel propeller pitch angle measurement mechanism.

Aforesaid variable speed constant frequency excitation control system, wherein: the permanent magnet of described generator becomes configuration set, its number of pole-pairs and exciter internal rotor number of pole-pairs coupling; The yoke of described device permanent magnet is arranged in the permanent-magnetic outer rotor housing; Major and minor wind wheel variable propeller pitch adjusting mechanism is by driven by servomotor; This change oar servomechanism and unit centralized control equipment are and can carry out the electric connection of mode of rotational speed regulation to main air wheel and secondary wind wheel according to the variation of propeller pitch angle.

Aforesaid variable speed constant frequency excitation control system, wherein: the main air impeller blade wind sweeping area of described generator is 3 times of blade wind sweeping area of secondary wind wheel approximately, described wind sweeping area is the area that the wind wheel rotation forms; The wind direction rotation down of described main air wheel, the reverse rotation of secondary wind wheel upwind; Leave the default spacing of avoiding secondary wind wheel and tower collision between described secondary wind wheel and the exciter; Brake and unit centralized control equipment connect with the electric means that can start work when secondary wind speed round is 0.

Aforesaid variable speed constant frequency excitation control system, wherein: described stator winding number of pole-pairs Pg is set to greater than permanent-magnetic outer rotor number of pole-pairs Pe, the described main air wheel that is configured on the final drive shaft, the stator that has the Pg number of pole-pairs under the wind-force effect relatively is with the rotation of Nzr speed, and the main air wheel speed satisfies following relational expression configuration:

$\mathrm{Nzr}=\frac{60\×(\mathrm{fg}-\mathrm{fe})}{\mathrm{Pg}+\mathrm{Pe}}$

Wherein: Nzr represents the main air wheel speed; Pg represents the stator winding number of pole-pairs; Pe represents the number of pole-pairs of permanent-magnetic outer rotor; Fg represents stator frequency; Fe represents the permanent-magnetic outer rotor reduced frequency;

Described stator winding number of pole-pairs is 3 times a permanent-magnetic outer rotor number of pole-pairs; Described exciter internal rotor winding number of pole-pairs is set to Pe to the utmost point; Described generator amature winding number of pole-pairs is set to Pg to the utmost point; Described exciter internal rotor winding is connected by connecting line negative-phase sequence between rotor with the generator amature winding; The secondary wind wheel of generator is configured on the counter drive shaft, and this pair wind wheel drives permanent-magnetic outer rotor with the rotation of Ne speed, and the permanent-magnetic outer rotor reduced frequency satisfies following relational expression:

$\mathrm{fe}=\frac{\mathrm{Ne}\×\mathrm{Pe}}{60}$ Wherein: Ne vice wind wheel relative stator rotating speed;

Be configured to the relative main air wheel of Nzre rotating speed permanent-magnetic outer rotor reverse rotation, that have the Pe number of pole-pairs on counter drive shaft, the rotating speed of the relative exciter internal rotor rotation of permanent-magnetic outer rotor satisfies following relational expression:

Nzre＝Nzr+Ne

Wherein: Nzre represents the rotating speed of the relative exciter internal rotor rotation of permanent-magnetic outer rotor; Described major and minor power transmission shaft all has the hollow via-hole of preset diameters, and this power transmission shaft is by being configured in bearing on the generator and the bearings on the exciter.

The present invention compared with prior art has significant advantage and beneficial effect.By above technical scheme as can be known, the present invention has following advantage at least under the structural arrangements of excellence:

The present invention need not the convertor assembly of allocating power complexity, effective simplification the machine set constructor, unit operation efficient and reliability have been improved, reduced the control system cost, though the two wind wheel structures of reasonable disposition of the two wind wheels of the present invention slightly increase equipment manufacturing cost, bigger wind wheel is set is used for generating, less wind wheel is regulated excitation frequency and is held concurrently and generate electricity, effectively improved wind energy utilization, more conventional single wind wheel wind-powered electricity generation unit wind energy utilization improves 10%-15%;

Brushless double-fed machine rotor and rotary permanent-magnet external rotor dual-rotor structure are adopted in this case, realize the operation of unit variable speed constant frequency excitation, quite reduce 1/3 at least, thereby shorten the generator diameter, be convenient to the equipment transportation, reduce unit weight with capacity single rotor power generator electrode logarithm; The configuration of two wind wheel structure settings of this case and Yawing mechanism makes the simpler, reliable of set yaw control change;

This case unit can be realized variable speed constant frequency operation, variable pitch adjusting, the two more single wind wheel variable speed constant frequency of the wind wheel generation unit unit wind energy utilizations of the following this case of rated wind speed improve a lot, non-gear box, can realize directly driving, the worry of no slip ring fault, do not need big capacity convertor assembly, unit reliability improves greatly; The present invention contrasts prior art significant contribution and progress, is really to have novelty, creativeness, practical good technology.

The specific embodiment of the present invention is provided in detail by following examples and accompanying drawing thereof.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is an apoplexy electric machine structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is an excitation winding wiring construction schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a variable speed constant frequency excitation control system structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a variable speed constant frequency excitation control system operation principle block diagram of the present invention.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and preferred embodiment, to according to embodiment provided by the invention, structure, feature and effect thereof, describe in detail as after.

Shown in Fig. 1-4, a kind of double-rotor variable speed electricity generator with constant frequency M comprises the generator main body 1 that is packed on the base 10, generator unit stator 16 is installed in the motor casing 111, and generator amature 14 is the structure setting that relative stator 16 is rotated by final drive shaft 13, and 11 is the generator machine unit shell, wherein

Exciter 4 is contained in the casing by final drive shaft and the coaxial string of generator main body; Permanent magnet 43 is installed on the yoke 42 in the permanent-magnetic outer rotor housing 410, constitutes the permanent-magnetic outer rotor 41 of exciter, this permanent-magnetic outer rotor by connector 46 to be counterrotating structure setting with exciter internal rotor 45; Described permanent magnet 43 becomes configuration set, its number of pole-pairs and exciter internal rotor number of pole-pairs coupling by known techniques; Permanent-magnetic outer rotor is relative exciter internal rotor rotation, the also structure setting of generator unit stator rotation relatively;

Counter drive shaft 12 and final drive shaft 13 coaxial connections; Described major and minor power transmission shaft all has the hollow via-hole 130 of preset diameters, so that the Generator Set power transmission shaft is satisfying under the specification requirement condition more lightweight, thereby the reduction body weight, this power transmission shaft supports by the bearing 115,116 and the bearing on the exciter 147,148 that are configured on the generator; Thus, generator amature and form the tandem rotor structure of generator with the exciter internal rotor of this rotor coaxial transmission rotation, and be birotor structure with permanent-magnetic outer rotor, thereby can realize the operation of unit variable speed constant frequency, quite reduce 1/3 at least with capacity single rotor power generator electrode logarithm, thereby can shorten the generator diameter, further reduce motor weight;

By known techniques, will by the counter drive shaft 12 of secondary wind wheel transmission with by 13 one-tenths coaxial installations of the bind mode that can rotate mutually of final drive shaft of main air wheel transmission, by counter drive shaft with the transmission of power of secondary wind wheel to permanent-magnetic outer rotor;

The drive structure device of secondary wind wheel 2 relative main air wheel reverse rotations is at the axle body end of counter drive shaft 12, this pair wind wheel is upwind with known techniques by the F2 direction by its wheel hub 21 and installs, leave the default spacing L that avoids secondary wind wheel and tower collision between secondary wind wheel and the exciter, can determine the reservation spacing that secondary wind wheel and pylon do not collide by the number of degrees at the main air wheel elevation angle; Main air wheel 3 is assemblied in final drive shaft 13 axle body ends, and this main air wheel is down wind direction rotational structure setting with known techniques by the F3 direction by its wheel hub 31.

A kind of variable speed constant frequency excitation control system comprises aforementioned wind-powered electricity generation machine M, wherein, the wind-powered electricity generation machine main air wheel 3 be configured on the final drive shaft, the stator 16 that has the Pg number of pole-pairs under the wind-force effect relatively is with the rotation of Nzr speed, and the main air wheel speed satisfies following relational expression:

$\mathrm{Nzr}=\frac{60\×(\mathrm{fg}-\mathrm{fe})}{\mathrm{Pg}+\mathrm{Pe}}$

Wherein: Nzr represents the main air wheel speed; Pg represents the stator winding number of pole-pairs; Pe represents the number of pole-pairs of permanent-magnetic outer rotor 41; Fg represents stator frequency; Fe represents the permanent-magnetic outer rotor reduced frequency;

Described exciter internal rotor 45 winding numbers of pole-pairs are set to Pe to the utmost point; Described generator amature 14 winding numbers of pole-pairs are set to Pg to the utmost point; Described exciter internal rotor winding is connected by 123 negative-phase sequences of connecting line between rotor with the generator amature winding;

Described stator winding number of pole-pairs Pg is set to greater than permanent-magnetic outer rotor number of pole-pairs Pe, and described stator winding number of pole-pairs can be 3 times a permanent-magnetic outer rotor number of pole-pairs;

The wind-powered electricity generation machine secondary wind wheel 2 be configured on the counter drive shaft, this pair wind wheel drives permanent-magnetic outer rotor with the reverse rotation of the relative main air wheel of Ne speed, and the permanent-magnetic outer rotor reduced frequency satisfies following relational expression:

$\mathrm{fe}=\frac{\mathrm{Ne}\×\mathrm{Pe}}{60}$

Wherein: Ne vice wind wheel relative stator rotating speed

Be configured to the permanent-magnetic outer rotor that the Nzre rotating speed is counterrotating, have the Pe number of pole-pairs on counter drive shaft, the rotating speed of the relative exciter internal rotor rotation of permanent-magnetic outer rotor satisfies following relational expression:

Nzre＝Nzr+Ne

Wherein: Nzre represents the rotating speed of the relative exciter internal rotor rotation of permanent-magnetic outer rotor;

Be provided with on the aforesaid major and minor wind wheel and the signal of rotating speed can be sent to the main air wheel speed measurement mechanism G of unit centralized control equipment 5, secondary wind speed round measurement mechanism G1, the wind speed that the port D1 that connects via the wind speed checkout gear records and by the wind speed round that rotation-speed measuring device records is transferred to unit centralized control equipment 5; Unit centralized control equipment and yawer 6 connect, the wind direction rotation down of control main air wheel, and yawer 6 can be installed on the engine room inside 101 under the base;

Described main air wheel is taken turns variable propeller pitch adjusting mechanism 38, secondary wind wheel variable propeller pitch adjusting mechanism 28 with the main air of the hub portion difference configuration adjustment propeller pitch angle of secondary wind wheel, this main air wheel, secondary wind wheel variable propeller pitch adjusting mechanism and the 5 electric connections of unit centralized control equipment are sent the instruction of change oar by 5 pairs of main air wheels of unit centralized control equipment variable propeller pitch adjusting mechanism 38; Dispose secondary wind wheel propeller pitch angle measurement mechanism G28, main air wheel propeller pitch angle measurement mechanism G38 in described secondary wind wheel and the main air wheel respectively;

Described major and minor wind wheel variable propeller pitch adjusting mechanism structure is identical, it is made up of change oar servomechanism 381,281 that drives with servomotor M38, M28 and change oar control device 382,282, and the integrated control 5 of described unit is by becoming oar control device 382,282 and connecting with the change oar servomechanism 381,281 that servomotor M38, M28 drive; This change oar servomechanism changes the rotational speed regulation of carrying out main air wheel and secondary wind wheel according to detected propeller pitch angle under the control of unit centralized control equipment 5, realize the wind direction rotation down of main air wheel, and the reverse rotation of secondary wind wheel upwind; Brake 15 is arranged between generator ' s cover and the secondary wind wheel wheel hub;

Voltage output end at generator connects grid-connection control device 7 and step-up transformer 8 successively, connects with external power grid W again; Between grid-connection control device and step-up transformer successively the output voltage measurement mechanism G4 that connects of configuration and unit centralized control equipment 5, the detecting device for output current G3 that connects with the unit centralized control equipment, and with the mains frequency checkout gear G2 of unit centralized control equipment connection; The unloaded checkout gear G5 that configuration and unit centralized control equipment connect between generator M and grid-connection control device; The unit centralized control equipment also have the port D1 that connects with wind speed checkout gear (not shown), with wind direction checkout gear (not shown) connect port D2, with the port D3 of host computer transmission data; Described major and minor wind wheel blade is pressed known technology mode device on the wind wheel wheel hub, described main air impeller blade wind sweeping area is greater than blade wind sweeping area 2-5 times of secondary wind wheel, especially be that 3 times of left and right sides of blade wind sweeping area of secondary wind wheel are preferable with main air impeller blade wind sweeping area, described wind sweeping area is the area that the wind wheel rotation forms;

The output voltage of the output current of the generator that records via detecting device for output current G3 and the generator that records via output voltage measurement mechanism G4 is transferred to unit centralized control equipment 5, and the output of a generator value that calculates via unit centralized control equipment 5 is right with default rated power numeric ratio; Imposing a condition down, wind speed that unit centralized control equipment 5 will be recorded by the connection port D1 of wind speed checkout gear and the main air wheel rated speed that records by rotation-speed measuring device G, collection calculates the adjusting numerical value of the propeller pitch angle of main air wheel rated speed under this wind speed, compare with the propeller pitch angle value of main air wheel propeller pitch angle measurement mechanism G38 collection again, send the instruction of change oar by 5 pairs of main airs wheels of unit centralized control equipment variable propeller pitch adjusting mechanism 38; Can realize that thus the main air wheel moves, and prevents the generator overload under firm power;

In the time of between rated speed that permanent-magnet variable-speed constant frequency excitation double-rotor pneumatic electric machine is incorporated into the power networks, the main air wheel speed is being preset when connecting and the minimum speed, secondary wind wheel is taken turns reverse rotation, is made the generator unit stator electric voltage frequency be always 50Hz by this rotation speed change by pre-conditioned relative main air under unit centralized control equipment 5 is regulated; Secondary wind speed round is minimum to zero, brake 15 work when secondary wind speed round is 0 speed,

To sum up, the wind-powered electricity generation machine of two wind wheel organizations, wherein larger-diameter main air wheel is used for generating, secondary wind wheel than minor diameter is used for regulating the double generating of excitation frequency, the two on same axis, mutually opposite spin, yawer is responsible for controlling the wind direction rotation down of main air wheel, main force's generating; The reverse rotation of secondary wind wheel upwind, auxiliary power generation improves usefulness greatly.

Configurations such as the voltage output end grid-connection control device of described generator can be limited generator output voltage, with after date softly be incorporated into the power networks, soft parallel off when shutting down, can effectively reduce the impact of the reactive current that is incorporated into the power networks, guarantee unit safety operation; When generator reached rated output power, power of the assembling unit factor was controlled at operation about cos θ=1; When the generator active power of output hour, the lagging reactive power of unit output cos θ＜1; When generator speed was lower than specified minimum speed or output of a generator and is higher than peak power output, off-the-line generator from the electrical network was finished soft off-the-line by configurations such as grid-connection control devices.

The variable speed constant frequency excitation control method:

1. be configured in the stator 16 that has the Pg number of pole-pairs under the wind-force effect relatively main air wheel 3 on the final drive shaft 13, and the main air wheel speed satisfies following relational expression with the rotation of Nzr speed:

$\mathrm{Nzr}=\frac{60\×(\mathrm{fg}-\mathrm{fe})}{\mathrm{Pg}+\mathrm{Pe}}$

Wherein: Nzr represents the main air wheel speed; Pg represents the stator winding number of pole-pairs; Pe represents the number of pole-pairs of permanent-magnetic outer rotor 41; Fg represents stator frequency; Fe represents the permanent-magnetic outer rotor reduced frequency;

2. the secondary wind wheel in the configuration of counter drive shaft 12 ends drives permanent-magnetic outer rotor with the reverse rotation of the relative main air wheel of Ne speed, and the permanent-magnetic outer rotor reduced frequency satisfies following relational expression:

$\mathrm{fe}=\frac{\mathrm{Ne}\×\mathrm{Pe}}{60}$ Wherein: Ne vice wind wheel relative stator rotating speed

3. be configured to the permanent-magnetic outer rotor that the Nzre rotating speed is counterrotating, have the Pe number of pole-pairs on counter drive shaft, the rotating speed of the relative excitation internal rotor rotation of permanent-magnetic outer rotor satisfies following relational expression: Nzre=Nzr+Ne

Wherein: Nzre represents the rotating speed of the relative exciter internal rotor rotation of permanent-magnetic outer rotor

4. described exciter internal rotor 45 winding numbers of pole-pairs are set to Pe to the utmost point; Described generator amature 14 winding numbers of pole-pairs are set to Pg to the utmost point; Described exciter internal rotor winding is connected by 123 negative-phase sequences of connecting line between rotor with the generator amature winding;

5. the wind speed that records of the port D1 that connects via the wind speed checkout gear and the main air wheel speed that records by rotation-speed measuring device G, be transferred to unit centralized control equipment 5, it is right that the unit centralized control equipment carries out main air vane tip speed ratio numeric ratio when the main air wheel is lower than rated speed, warp is right with the main air vane tip speed ratio numeric ratio that the unit centralized control equipment is preset, calculate the adjusting numerical value of propeller pitch angle, compare with the propeller pitch angle value of main air wheel propeller pitch angle measurement mechanism G38 collection again, send the instruction of change oar by 5 pairs of main airs wheels of unit centralized control equipment variable propeller pitch adjusting mechanism 38; Can realize that thus the main air wheel moves with its best tip speed ratio, reaches the purpose that makes full use of wind energy below rated speed;

When the main air wheel reaches rated speed, the output voltage of the output current of the generator that records via detecting device for output current G3 and the generator that records via output voltage measurement mechanism G4 is transferred to unit centralized control equipment 5, and the output of a generator value that calculates via this unit centralized control equipment is right with default rated power numeric ratio; When meeting preset value, wind speed that the port D1 that is connect by the wind speed checkout gear that unit centralized control equipment 5 will collect records and the main air wheel rated speed that records by rotation-speed measuring device G, calculate the adjusting numerical value of the propeller pitch angle of main air wheel rated speed under this wind speed, compare with the propeller pitch angle value of main air wheel propeller pitch angle measurement mechanism G38 collection again, send the instruction of change oar by 5 pairs of main airs wheels of unit centralized control equipment variable propeller pitch adjusting mechanism 38; Can realize that thus the main air wheel moves, and prevents the generator overload under firm power;

6. the wind speed that records of the port D1 that connects via the wind speed checkout gear and the secondary wind speed round that records by secondary wind speed round measurement mechanism G1 are transferred to unit centralized control equipment 5; When the main air wheel is lower than rated speed, the generator output voltage frequency numerical value comparison that calculates under the frequency numerical value of unit centralized control equipment 5 collection mains frequency checkout gear G2 and this rotating speed of secondary wind wheel, calculate the adjusting numerical value of propeller pitch angle under this rotating speed of secondary wind wheel, compare with the propeller pitch angle value of secondary wind wheel propeller pitch angle measurement mechanism G28 collection again, send the instruction of change oar by 5 pairs of secondary wind wheel variable propeller pitch adjusting mechanisms 28 of unit centralized control equipment; By unit centralized control equipment 5 according to $\mathrm{Nzr}=\frac{60\×(\mathrm{fg}-\mathrm{fe})}{\mathrm{Pg}+\mathrm{Pe}}$ Relational expression is carried out speed Control, makes generator keep the operation of 50Hz constant frequency below rated speed; When the main air wheel reaches rated speed, wind speed that the port D1 that connects via the wind speed checkout gear records and the secondary rated rotation speed of rotor that records by rotation-speed measuring device G, be transferred to unit centralized control equipment 5, unit centralized control equipment 5 is gathered the generator output voltage frequency numerical value comparison that calculates under mains frequency checkout gear G2 frequency numerical value and the secondary rated rotation speed of rotor when the main air wheel reaches rated speed, calculate the adjusting numerical value of secondary wind wheel propeller pitch angle under this wind speed, compare with the propeller pitch angle value of secondary wind wheel propeller pitch angle measurement mechanism G28 collection again, send the instruction of change oar by 5 pairs of secondary wind wheel variable propeller pitch adjusting mechanisms 28 of unit centralized control equipment; Make generator when rated speed, keep the operation of 50Hz constant frequency; With the generator output voltage frequency serves as to regulate target, and to limit stator frequency fg be 50Hz by regulating rotating speed that secondary wind wheel propeller pitch angle controls secondary wind wheel, and the static fe of permanent-magnetic outer rotor is considered as 0;

7. stator winding number of pole-pairs Pg is set greater than permanent-magnetic outer rotor number of pole-pairs Pe, described stator winding number of pole-pairs can be 3 times a permanent-magnetic outer rotor number of pole-pairs.

Thereby, the two rotor windings of connecting during work have identical power frequency, mutual reciprocal rotating magnetic field, generator amature winding excitation field connect relatively rotor rotary speed Nzre and main air wheel shaft mechanical rotation speed Nzr stack, cooperate, all the time form synchronous excitation magnetic field, this synchronous field produces the 50Hz electromotive force in to the stator winding of the utmost point having Pg, realizes the variable speed constant frequency excitation operation of generating set.

8. being assemblied in main air wheel and the secondary wind wheel 2 that is assemblied in counter drive shaft on the power transmission shaft 13 regulates by the relative opposite direction at blade pitch angle and is relative reverse rotation and disposes.

9. when the main air wheel speed was between default rated speed and minimum speed, secondary wind wheel made the generator unit stator electric voltage frequency be always the variation rotating speed of 50Hz by default rule reverse rotation, formation under unit centralized control equipment 5 is regulated; When the main air wheel speed reached 1.2-1.5 times of rated speed, when secondary wind speed round reached minimum speed 0 speed simultaneously, brake 15 started; Both this, when the main air wheel speed reached specified minimum speed, secondary wind wheel reverse speed reached the highest, unit can be realized the variable speed constant frequency operation.

The above, it only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not that the present invention is done any pro forma restriction, every foundation technical spirit of the present invention all still belongs in the scope of technical solution of the present invention any simple modification, equivalent variations and modification that above embodiment did.

Claims (10)

1. variable speed constant frequency excitation control system, comprise generator (M), generator has generator unit stator (16) and the generator amature (14) that is rotary configured setting by final drive shaft (13) transmission, relative this stator (16), it is characterized in that exciter (4) is by the final drive shaft and the coaxial string dress of generator main body of device main air wheel (3); The permanent-magnetic outer rotor (41) that permanent magnet (43) constitutes exciter is set on the yoke of permanent-magnetic outer rotor (42); This permanent-magnetic outer rotor is to be the structure setting that counterrotating structure and this permanent-magnetic outer rotor are relative generator unit stator rotation with exciter internal rotor (45); Secondary wind wheel be can drive permanent-magnetic outer rotor constructing apparatus on counter drive shaft; Become the coaxial connection of the mode that to rotate mutually by the counter drive shaft (12) of secondary wind wheel transmission with the final drive shaft (13) of taking turns transmission by main air;

Main air wheel speed measurement mechanism (G), the secondary wind speed round measurement mechanism (G1) that the signal of rotating speed can be sent to unit centralized control equipment (5) is set on the described major and minor wind wheel;

The port (D2) that the unit centralized control equipment has the port (D1) that connects with the wind speed checkout gear, connect with the wind direction checkout gear, with the port (D3) of host computer transmission data;

Yawer (6) connects with the mode of unit centralized control equipment with wind direction rotation under the control main air wheel; Described main air is taken turns main air wheel variable propeller pitch adjusting mechanism (38), the secondary wind wheel variable propeller pitch adjusting mechanism (28) with secondary wind wheel difference configuration adjustment propeller pitch angle, and described major and minor wind wheel variable propeller pitch adjusting mechanism and unit centralized control equipment (5) all connect in the mode of control wind wheel variable propeller pitch adjusting mechanism change oar;

Connect successively at the voltage output end of generator can be limited generator output voltage, with after date softly be incorporated into the power networks, the grid-connection control device (7) and the step-up transformer (8) of soft parallel off when shutting down, connect with external power grid again; Between grid-connection control device and step-up transformer successively the output voltage measurement mechanism (G4) that connects of configuration and unit centralized control equipment, the detecting device for output current (G3) that connects with the unit centralized control equipment, and with the mains frequency checkout gear (G2) of unit centralized control equipment connection; The unloaded checkout gear (G5) that configuration and unit centralized control equipment connect between generator (M) and grid-connection control device; Described secondary wind wheel (2) is with the drive structure configuration of relative main air wheel reverse rotation; Described secondary wind wheel is the setting of upwind rotational structure; The main air wheel is wind direction rotational structure setting down.

2. variable speed constant frequency excitation control system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described permanent magnet (43) becomes configuration set, its number of pole-pairs and exciter internal rotor number of pole-pairs coupling; The yoke (42) of described device permanent magnet (43) is arranged in the permanent-magnetic outer rotor housing (410).

3. variable speed constant frequency excitation control system as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, leaves the default spacing (L) of avoiding secondary wind wheel and tower collision between described secondary wind wheel and the exciter.

4. variable speed constant frequency excitation control system as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described major and minor power transmission shaft all has the hollow via-hole (130) of preset diameters, and final drive shaft supports by the bearing (115,116) and the bearing (147,148) on the exciter that are configured on the generator.

5. as the described variable speed constant frequency excitation control system of one of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that the blade wind sweeping area of described main air wheel is set to blade wind sweeping area 2-5 times of secondary wind wheel.

6. variable speed constant frequency excitation control system as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: described major and minor wind wheel variable propeller pitch adjusting mechanism structure is identical, it is made up of change oar servomechanism (381,281) and change oar control device (382,282), and described unit centralized control equipment connects with the mode that change oar servomechanism (381,281) is according to detected propeller pitch angle variation carrying out main air is taken turns and secondary wind speed round is regulated by becoming the oar control device.

7. variable speed constant frequency excitation control system as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that: described main air wheel and the corresponding configuration main air wheel of difference in secondary wind wheel propeller pitch angle measurement mechanism (G38), secondary wind wheel propeller pitch angle measurement mechanism (G28).

8. variable speed constant frequency excitation control system as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, major and minor wind wheel variable propeller pitch adjusting mechanism is driven by servomotor (M38, M28); This change oar servomechanism and unit centralized control equipment are and can carry out the electric connection of mode of rotational speed regulation to main air wheel and secondary wind wheel according to the variation of propeller pitch angle.

9. variable speed constant frequency excitation control system as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, the main air impeller blade wind sweeping area of described generator (M) is 3 times of blade wind sweeping area of secondary wind wheel approximately, and described wind sweeping area is the area that the wind wheel rotation forms; Brake (15) connects with the electric means that can start work when secondary wind speed round is 0 with the unit centralized control equipment.

10. variable speed constant frequency excitation control system as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that, stator winding number of pole-pairs Pg is set to greater than permanent-magnetic outer rotor number of pole-pairs Pe, the described main air wheel (3) that is configured on the final drive shaft, the stator (16) that has the Pg number of pole-pairs under the wind-force effect relatively is with the rotation of Nzr speed, and the main air wheel speed satisfies following relational expression configuration:

Wherein: Nzr represents the main air wheel speed; Pg represents the stator winding number of pole-pairs; Pe represents the number of pole-pairs of permanent-magnetic outer rotor (41); Fg represents stator frequency; Fe represents the permanent-magnetic outer rotor reduced frequency;

Described stator winding number of pole-pairs is 3 times a permanent-magnetic outer rotor number of pole-pairs; Described exciter internal rotor (45) winding number of pole-pairs is set to Pe to the utmost point; Described generator amature (14) winding number of pole-pairs is set to Pg to the utmost point; Described exciter internal rotor winding is connected by connecting line between rotor (123) negative-phase sequence with the generator amature winding; The secondary wind wheel (2) of generator is configured on the counter drive shaft, and this pair wind wheel drives permanent-magnetic outer rotor with the rotation of Ne speed, and the permanent-magnetic outer rotor reduced frequency satisfies following relational expression:

$\mathrm{fe}=\frac{\mathrm{Ne}\×\mathrm{Pe}}{60}$ Wherein: Ne vice wind wheel relative stator rotating speed;

Be configured to the relative main air wheel of Nzre rotating speed permanent-magnetic outer rotor reverse rotation, that have the Pe number of pole-pairs on counter drive shaft, the rotating speed of the relative exciter internal rotor rotation of permanent-magnetic outer rotor satisfies following relational expression:

Nzre＝Nzr+Ne

Wherein: Nzre represents the rotating speed of the relative exciter internal rotor rotation of permanent-magnetic outer rotor.

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