CN1970273A - Digital control method for screw extrusion machine transmission and digital control screw extrusion machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The screw extruder drive digital control comprises inputting running data by the operator and work station control computer control motor running, with the motor using switch magnetic resistance speed regulating motor, based on the input data, through the calculation of the work station control computer control motor, switch magnetic resistance speed regulating motor driving the extrusion of the screw. The speed regulating motor provides extrusion force through the revolution speed of the motor to control the revolution speed of the extruder screw, with the screw extruder being simple in structure, free in regulating, and high in efficiency.

Description

Screw extruder transmission numerical control method and numerical-control screw rod extruder

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of numerical control method and numerical-control screw rod extruder of screw extruder transmission, belong to field of material molding equipment.

Background technology

The nearest new development of screw extruder transmission is that AC servo motor and frequency control drive, and because of motor control system cost height, control circuit complexity, rapid wear is difficult to promote.The extruder screw rotating speed requires stepless speed regulation and bigger speed adjustable range, and common motor is when driving, can not stepless speed regulation.This becomes the insoluble technical barrier in this area.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: provide a kind of screw extruder that can make to realize output and the easy numerical control of rotating speed, can freely control the numerical control method of process velocity, solve the insoluble for a long time technical barrier in this area.

Another technical problem that the present invention will solve provide a kind of simple in structure, cost is low, high efficiency, realizes the screw extruder of above-mentioned numerical control.

The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: screw extruder transmission numerical control method, comprise that operating personnel import service data, the operation of industry control microcomputer control motor, its motor adopts magnetic resistance switch speed-adjustable motor, the data that provide according to input equipment, through the computing of industry control microcomputer, the action of gauge tap magneto resistance speed-regulating motor, magnetic resistance switch speed-adjustable motor drive the screw extruder action.

The data that described input equipment provides are included in and import output, screw speed, raising speed time service parameter value on the industry control microcomputer, and the signal on the button panel.

Described magnetic resistance switch speed-adjustable motor is equipped with angular displacement sensor, and electric machine controller is given the magnetic resistance switch speed-adjustable motor control instruction, the starting of control motor, stop, just changeing, counter-rotating, acceleration, deceleration, crawl and position keep.

Described industry control microcomputer gauge tap magneto resistance speed-regulating motor start starting, when arriving the raising speed time, screw speed reaches the screw speed desired value n that input is set, input output currency Q, the industry control microcomputer is by formula $k_Q=\frac{n}{Q},$ Calculate coefficient k _QValue, after the input output working value, the industry control microcomputer is n=k by formula _QQ calculates screw speed, and the gauge tap magneto resistance speed-regulating motor, makes screw rod reach the setting rotating speed.

The designed numerical-control screw rod extruder of numerical control method according to the present invention, comprise screw extruder and industry control microcomputer, it is provided with magnetic resistance switch speed-adjustable motor, magnetic resistance switch speed-adjustable motor is by transmission mechanism connecting screw rod extruder, electric machine controller connects magnetic resistance switch speed-adjustable motor and industry control microcomputer, data acquisition card connection industry control microcomputer.

Described transmission mechanism is that described transmission mechanism is meant that magnetic resistance switch speed-adjustable motor is coupled as one by shaft coupling and pinion, pinion and gear wheel engagement, gear wheel connecting screw rod.

Described transmission mechanism is meant that magnetic resistance switch speed-adjustable motor passes through the shaft coupling connecting screw rod.

Described transmission mechanism can also be meant that magnetic resistance switch speed-adjustable motor connects pinion by shaft coupling, is connected the gear wheel connecting screw rod by belt between pinion and the gear wheel.

Described data collecting card connects sensor, button panel, brake and industry control microcomputer respectively.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect that this screw extruder transmission numerical control method and numerical-control screw rod extruder are had is: provide extruder power by magnetic resistance switch speed-adjustable motor is set, the industry control microcomputer is by the rotating speed of the instant gauge tap magneto resistance speed-regulating motor of electric machine controller, the account form of industry control microcomputer by setting, with the change in rotational speed of result of calculation, a kind of control method of screw extruder transmission has been proposed by motor controller controls screw extruder screw rod; Magnetic resistance switch speed-adjustable motor is by transmission mechanism connecting screw rod extruder, electric machine controller connects magnetic resistance switch speed-adjustable motor and industry control microcomputer, data acquisition card connection industry control microcomputer, but the screw extruder of a kind of stepless speed regulation simple in structure, high efficiency is provided according to control method.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the numerical control method of screw extruder transmission of the present invention and the fundamental diagram of numerical-control screw rod extruder.

Fig. 2 is the control block diagram of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is the circuit theory diagrams of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is the fundamental diagram of the embodiment 2 of numerical-control screw rod extruder of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is the fundamental diagram of the embodiment 3 of numerical-control screw rod extruder of the present invention.

Fig. 1-Fig. 3 is the numerical control method of screw extruder transmission of the present invention and the most preferred embodiment of numerical-control screw rod extruder, among Fig. 1-5: 1 screw rod, 2 hoppers, 3 bearings, 4 bearing blocks, 5 gear wheels, 6 pinions, 7 shaft coupling 8 (U1) magnetic resistance switch speed-adjustable motor 9 (1U2) electric machine controller 10 (U4) industry control microcomputer 11 (U6) display screen 12 (U5) keyboards, 13 fuselages, 14 thrust bearing 15 (T2) pressure sensors, 16 barrel 17 (T5) displacement transducer 18 (T1) 19 mouthfuls of moulds 20 of temperature sensor (Z1) heaters, 21 belt U3 data collecting card R1 resistance S1, S2 switch S 3 three-pole switch T3, T4 current sensor KM1, KM2 coil U7 amplifier.

The specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with Fig. 1-Fig. 5 the numerical control method and the numerical-control screw rod extruder of screw extruder of the present invention are described further:

Embodiment 1:

As shown in Figure 1, magnetic resistance switch speed-adjustable motor 8 is installed on the fuselage 13, magnetic resistance switch speed-adjustable motor 8 connects pinion 6 by shaft coupling 7, pinion 6 is meshed with gear wheel 5, gear wheel 5 connects mutually with screw rod 1, screw rod 1 connects with bearing 3, bearing 3 connects with bearing block 4, bearing block 4 connects fuselage 13, barrel 16 connects with fuselage 13, and temperature sensor 18 is installed in the barrel 16, and barrel 16 tops are equipped with hopper 2, displacement transducer 17 is installed in the hopper 2, and pressure sensor 15 is installed on the bearing block 4.Mouth mould 19 is installed in the top of barrel 16.Magnetic resistance switch speed-adjustable motor 8 connects electric machine controller 9, and electric machine controller 9 connects industry control microcomputer 10, and display screen 11 and keyboard 12 are connected on the industry control microcomputer 10.

As shown in Figure 2, the industry control microcomputer connects data collecting card, electric machine controller, keyboard and display screen, data acquisition card connection hand push button plate and sensor, electric machine controller connects magnetic resistance switch speed-adjustable motor, magnetic resistance switch speed-adjustable motor connecting screw rod extruder, screw extruder connects sensor.Screw extruder is driven by magnetic resistance switch speed-adjustable motor, magnetic resistance switch speed-adjustable motor is driven by electric machine controller, electric machine controller is controlled by the industry control microcomputer, sensor signal on current sensor signal and the screw extruder is passed to data collecting card, the hand push button signal is passed to data collecting card, and the signal of data collecting card is passed to the industry control microcomputer.Running parameter input industry control microcomputer, industry control microcomputer process information shows by display screen, and output order is to the motor controller controls magnetic resistance switch speed-adjustable motor, to reach the purpose of numerical-control screw rod extruder by keyboard.

As shown in Figure 3, the A1 of magnetic resistance switch speed-adjustable motor U1, A2, B1, B2, C1, the C2 end connects the A1 of electric machine controller U2, A2, B1, B2, C1, the C2 end, the angle position signal end of magnetic resistance switch speed-adjustable motor U1 connects the ANG1 end of electric machine controller U2, the RS232 signal end of magnetic resistance switch speed-adjustable motor U1 connects the RS232 pin of industry control microcomputer U4, the hand push button plate starts, stop two press button S1, S2 receives the DI6 of data collecting card U3 respectively, the DI8 port, displacement transducer T5, temperature sensor T1, pressure sensor device T2, current sensor T3, T4, the AI0 of difference data collecting card U3, AI2, AI4, AI6, AI8, AI10, the AI14 port links to each other, and the output of data collecting card U3 links to each other with industry control microcomputer U4 mainboard pci bus slot.Keyboard U5 and display screen U6 are connected in industry control microcomputer U4.Amplifier U7 one end is connected the DO14 pin of data collecting card U3, and the other end is by coil KM2 ground connection, and coil KM1 contact connects heater Z1, and coil KM1 links to each other with coil KM2.

Motor U1 is a SRM series, and electric machine controller U2 is a SRD series, and data collecting card U3 is PCI-1710, and pressure sensor T2 is a resistance-strain type.Temperature sensor T1 is a thermojunction type.Industry control microcomputer U4 is the IPC610-P42.0/256M/40G workbench, and industry control microcomputer U4 also substitutes computational intelligence unit such as available single-chip microcomputer, and the data collecting card U3 also data acquisition board or the device of available other form substitutes.Display screen also can adopt touching display screen.When the display screen of electric machine controller and keyboard changed universal display screen and keyboard into, data collecting system and electric machine controller can be integrated in the casing, promptly data collecting card, display screen, keyboard, industry control microcomputer and electric machine controller are integrated into a casing.The IPC support programs are abundant, and it is very convenient to network, and are fit to the demand of Long-distance Control and manufacturing informatization.Do not need the material that heats if be used to process, can be without heater Z1.

Embodiment 2: as shown in Figure 4, transmission mechanism can pass through shaft coupling 7 connecting screw rods 1 for magnetic resistance switch speed-adjustable motor 8.

Embodiment 3: as shown in Figure 5, transmission mechanism can also be meant that magnetic resistance switch speed-adjustable motor 8 connects pinions 6 by shaft coupling 7, is connected gear wheel 5 connecting screw rods 1 by belt 20 between pinion 6 and the gear wheel 5.

Belt transmission can adopt the belt of odontoid belt or vee belt and other form.When the needs low-speed big, can increase gear-driven progression.Transmission mechanism can also adopt the worm and gear transmission.

The numerical control method of fly press transmission system of the present invention, mainly contain: magnetic resistance switch speed-adjustable motor is equipped with angular displacement sensor, electric machine controller will be given control instruction of magnetic resistance switch speed-adjustable motor every a step angle (as 3.75 ° or 7.5 °), the industry control microcomputer is given electric machine controller control instruction by RS232, come the motion of gauge tap magneto resistance speed-regulating motor, reach the purpose of numerical-control screw rod motion.

When install new mouthful mould and processing be new material the time, the user imports industry control microcomputer title material, output (currency, working value), screw speed (desired value), raising speed time service parameter, calculates corresponding value control motor by the industry control microcomputer.Starting up's extruder, magnetic resistance switch speed-adjustable motor is just changeing starting by screw speed start value decided at the higher level but not officially announced (10r/min is following), when arriving the raising speed time, screw speed reaches the screw speed desired value that input is set, input output currency, the industry control microcomputer is (3) by formula, calculate coefficient k _QValue; Input output working value, the industry control microcomputer calculates screw speed by input output working value by formula (3), and the control screw rod reaches this rotating speed (working value).Formula is as follows:

$Q=\mathrm{\αn}-(\frac{\mathrm{\β}}{{\mathrm{\μ}}_1}+\frac{\mathrm{\γ}}{{\mathrm{\μ}}_2})p---\left(1\right)$

$Q=\frac{k}{\mathrm{\μ}}p---\left(2\right)$

By (1), the arrangement of (2) formula:

n＝k _QQ (3)

$k_Q=\frac{\mathrm{\μ}}{\mathrm{k\α}}(\frac{\mathrm{\β}}{{\mathrm{\μ}}_1}+\frac{\mathrm{\γ}}{{\mathrm{\μ}}_2})---\left(4\right)$

N is screw speed (r/min) in the formula; Q is (output) flow rate (cm ³/ s), p is head pressure (Pa), α, β, γ are constant, and be relevant with the screw-rod structure size; μ is the viscosity (Pas) of head place material, μ ₁, μ ₂For the viscosity (Pas) of melt in screw channel and the spiral shell rib gap, relevant with material, temperature and rotating speed; K is a mouthful mould resistance coefficient, k _QProportionality coefficient for flow rate and rotating speed.

Realize the digital control helical forcing press of above-mentioned numerical control method, the operation principle and the course of work are as follows:

When new mouthful of mould is installed, what process is the finished material in front, the user imports industry control microcomputer 10 output (being currency, working value), screw speed (being desired value), raising speed time service parameter, calculates corresponding value gauge tap magneto resistance speed-regulating motor 8 by industry control microcomputer 10.During start, magnetic resistance switch speed-adjustable motor 8 is by screw speed start value decided at the higher level but not officially announced (general 10r/min is following) starting, and when arriving the raising speed time, screw speed reaches desired value, input output currency, and industry control microcomputer 10 is (3) by formula, calculate coefficient k _QValue; Input output working value industry control microcomputer calculates screw speed by input output working value by formula (3), and the control screw rod reaches this rotating speed (working value).

When more conversion materials was not with mouth mould 19, the raising speed time service parameter (also can import the industry control microcomputer raising speed time) that the user can utilize industry control microcomputer 10 to store was worked extruser automatically.During start, magnetic resistance switch speed-adjustable motor 8 is by the screw speed start value starting of setting, and when arriving the raising speed time, screw speed reaches the screw speed working value of storage, extrudes the corresponding production working value automatically.

The signal of pressure sensor T2 is by data collecting card U3 input industry control microcomputer U4, its value shows that in real time when overload, the signal of pressure sensor T2 is greater than rated value, industry control microcomputer U4 gauge tap magneto resistance speed-regulating motor U1 Braking mode, screw extruder screw rod 1 stops operating.Can start counter-rotating and return, the screw extruder unloading.

The signal of temperature sensor T1 is by data collecting card U3 input industry control microcomputer U4, its value shows in real time, U4 determines heating-up temperature by title material industry control microcomputer, when heating-up temperature is too high or too low, the signal of temperature sensor T1 is transported to industry control microcomputer U4 by data collecting card U3, industry control microcomputer U4 signals by data collecting card U3, the start-stop of control heater Z1.

The signal of hopper 2 intrinsic displacement sensor T5 is by data collecting card U3 input industry control microcomputer U4, and its value shows in real time, when the material in the hopper 2 is very few, industry control microcomputer U4 sends cue, if not reinforced, magneto resistance speed-regulating motor is closed in industry control microcomputer U4 braking, stops heater Z1.

On the button panel, ad hoc button has 5, is respectively: (1) manual work starts, when hand push button is pressed, and the screw rod slow rotation.(2) semi-automatic work starts, and when semi-automatic button was pressed, extruder was set rotary speed working by input.(3) work starts automatically, and when automatic button was pressed, extruder was controlled duty automatically in conjunction with the data that store.(4) shut down, turn-off heater, motor braking.(5) return the motor counter-rotating.Wherein work starts, stops with the hand push button start, shuts down chain control automatically.The F1 key of keyboard U5 can be set at automatic work and start, and F3 is set at semi-automatic work and starts, and F4 is set at manual work and starts, and F8 is set at and returns, and the F12 key assignments is for shutting down.

The position of expecting in the size of the real-time display switch magneto resistance speed-regulating motor of display screen U6 pull-down menu electric current, the size of heater Z1 electric current, screw rod 1 rotating speed, pressure, output, the hopper, output counting, mouthful mould information, material information, start setting, shutdown are provided with, alarm 12 category informations, and the industry control microcomputer generates production report automatically.

The screw extruder that numerical-control screw rod extruder of the present invention can be applied to the various screw extruders of screw extruder series such as double screw extruder, plastic extruder (comprising the blow molding extruder), Rubber Extruder, spinning extruder, glass extruder, construction material (as hollow brick) extruder and be used for food, medicine, extruder can be horizontal, vertical, two-stage type, tandem type or stepwise, monoblock type or segmented, planetary gear type, exhaust.

Claims (10)

1, screw extruder transmission numerical control method, comprise that operating personnel import service data, the operation of industry control microcomputer control motor, it is characterized in that: motor adopts magnetic resistance switch speed-adjustable motor, the data that provide according to input equipment, through the computing of industry control microcomputer, the action of gauge tap magneto resistance speed-regulating motor, magnetic resistance switch speed-adjustable motor drive the screw extruder action.

2, screw extruder transmission numerical control method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the data that described input equipment provides, be included in and import output, screw speed, raising speed time service parameter value on the industry control microcomputer, and the signal on the button panel.

3, screw extruder transmission numerical control method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described magnetic resistance switch speed-adjustable motor is equipped with angular displacement sensor, electric machine controller is given the magnetic resistance switch speed-adjustable motor control instruction, the starting of control motor, stop, just changeing, counter-rotating, acceleration, deceleration, crawl and position keep.

4, screw extruder transmission numerical control method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described industry control microcomputer gauge tap magneto resistance speed-regulating motor start starting, when arriving the raising speed time, screw speed reaches the screw speed desired value n that input is set, input output currency Q, the industry control microcomputer by formula $k_Q=\frac{n}{Q}$ , calculate coefficient k _QValue, after the input output working value, the industry control microcomputer is n=k by formula _QQ calculates screw speed, and the gauge tap magneto resistance speed-regulating motor, makes screw rod reach the setting rotating speed.

5, according to the numerical-control screw rod extruder of the described numerical control method of claim 1, comprise screw extruder and industry control microcomputer, it is characterized in that: magnetic resistance switch speed-adjustable motor is set, magnetic resistance switch speed-adjustable motor is by transmission mechanism connecting screw rod extruder, electric machine controller connects magnetic resistance switch speed-adjustable motor and industry control microcomputer, data acquisition card connection industry control microcomputer.

6, numerical-control screw rod extruder according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described transmission mechanism is meant that magnetic resistance switch speed-adjustable motor (8) is coupled as one by shaft coupling (7) and pinion (6), pinion (6) and gear wheel (5) engagement, gear wheel (5) connecting screw rod (1).

7, numerical-control screw rod extruder according to claim 6 is characterized in that: described transmission mechanism is meant that magnetic resistance switch speed-adjustable motor (8) is by shaft coupling (7) connecting screw rod (1).

8, numerical-control screw rod extruder according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described transmission mechanism is meant that magnetic resistance switch speed-adjustable motor (8) connects pinion (6) by shaft coupling (7), be connected gear wheel (5) connecting screw rod (1) by belt (20) between pinion (6) and the gear wheel (5).

9, numerical-control screw rod extruder according to claim 6 is characterized in that: described data collecting card connects sensor, button panel, brake and industry control microcomputer respectively.

10, according to claim 5 or 6 described numerical-control screw rod extruders, it is characterized in that: described magnetic resistance switch speed-adjustable motor (8) is installed on the fuselage (13), magnetic resistance switch speed-adjustable motor (8) connects pinion (6) by shaft coupling (7), pinion (6) is meshed with gear wheel (5), gear wheel (5) connects mutually with screw rod (1), screw rod (1) connects with bearing (3), bearing (3) connects with bearing block (4), bearing block (4) connects fuselage (13), barrel (16) connects with fuselage (13), temperature sensor (18) is installed in the barrel (16), barrel (16) top is equipped with hopper (2), displacement transducer (17) is installed in the hopper (2), and pressure sensor (15) is installed on the bearing block (4).

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