CN1949670A - Data compression and decompression method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a data compressing and decompressing method. And the compression comprises the steps of: using N bits as unit to dividing original data stream into continuous symbol stream composed of several symbol segments, each of which is composed of N-bit data; determining a symbol whose occurring frequency is the highest in the several symbol segments and using the symbol as a main symbol and the rest as non-main symbols; writing a compression flag in the first bit of the output compressed data stream and then writing in the main symbol; in sequence inputting the original data stream, and writing non-main symbol occurring frequency information, non-main symbol occurring position information and corresponding non-main symbols occurring in various positons behind the main symbol information. And it can implement high efficiency data compression and assure the output code stream can not be expanded in excess.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of data compression and decompression method, specifically, relate to a kind of data lossless compression and decompression method.
Background technology
Data compression originates from the information theory of the forties in 20th century, and its main purpose is information data amount is stored with compressed format or to be transmitted by the data compression means.Each symbol all has certain probability of occurrence generally speaking, if compress an information, must at first analyze the probability of knowing that each symbol occurs in the information.In condensing routine, be used for handling input information and compute sign probability of occurrence and determine the module of output which or which code to be referred to as model.Carry out the main thought that combination calculation just constitutes compress technique by certain model and coding.According to different codings original file data is produced different loss effects, can be divided into lossy compression method and lossless compress two big classes to compress technique.Wherein, the method for lossless compress comprises: methods such as the distance of swimming, Huffman (huffman coding), arithmetic coding.
Run-Length Coding is a kind of very simple coding method, and it is represented the data (distance of swimming) that occur continuously in the data flow with these data and its continuous number that occurs.(Run LengthEncoding RLE) is a kind of method of utilizing spatial redundancies to compress to Run-Length Coding, and is relatively simple.It belongs to the statistical coding class, is a kind of harmless basic compression method, can be divided into block code and variable-length encoding two classes.
Run-Length Coding if give the position of the character, length and the string that are shaped as this character string, just can recover original data when the character string that forms when the character that occurs in the data repeating continuously.The coding master data of Run-Length Coding is made of flag bit, run length, repeat character (RPT) position.Two bytes of The data for identical type are represented, the 1st number (run length) that byte representation repeats, and the 2nd data that byte representation repeats if repeat number surpasses 255 byte numbers, should be counted again.For example, suppose to have one piece of data stream:
…0A0A0A0A0D0D0D0F0F0F0F0F0F0F…
Through behind the Run-Length Coding, this data flow can be expressed as:
…040A030D070F…
Obviously, this coding method has realized the compression of data.Because the algorithm of this method Code And Decode is all very simple, therefore obtained using widely.
Though the versatility of run length encoding method is better, its efficient is not optimum.Such as, the method for conventional process is to be unit with the byte, reduced the effect that the distance of swimming is handled when handling the 2-7bits repeating data, traditional run length is based on byte, is lower than 256 for data volume, obviously is a kind of waste.
In addition, for a large amount of data flow that occur of a kind of symbol are arranged, adopting distance of swimming method to need this character of mark repeatedly, obviously also is a kind of waste.
Therefore, how to provide high data compression of a kind of compression efficiency and decompression method, become problem demanding prompt solution.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of data compression and decompression method.Realize efficiency of data compression efficiently, and guarantee not can overdistension output code stream.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, it is as follows to the invention provides scheme:
A kind of data compression method when " 0 " is the symbol that occurrence number is maximum in the original data stream, comprises the steps:
With the N bit is that unit is divided into the continuous symbol flow of being made up of the plurality of sections symbol with original data stream, and every section symbol is made up of the N Bit data;
With non-" 0 " symbol as non-main symbol;
Write the sign of an expression compression in the first place of the packed data stream of exporting;
Order is imported original data stream, to the non-main symbol that wherein occurs, with the number information of the appearance of non-main symbol, the positional information of non-main symbol appears, after the corresponding non-main symbol that occurs in each position writes compression sign in the packed data stream of output respectively.
A kind of method that data flow after the above-mentioned data compression method compression is decompressed comprises the steps:
Input packed data stream when running into the compression sign, is prepared to decompress;
According to the number information that the non-main symbol behind the compression sign occurs, need to determine the non-main symbol number of reduction;
According to the positional information of the non-main symbol behind the compression sign, determine the original position of going back of this non-main symbol;
According to the non-main symbol information behind the compression sign, in the decompressed data stream of output, write this non-main symbol at described definite original position of going back;
With after described definite number information conforms to, all the other positions in the decompressed data of output flows write " 0 " in the non-main symbol number of reduction.
A kind of data compression method comprises the steps:
With the N bit is that unit is divided into the continuous symbol flow of being made up of the plurality of sections symbol with original data stream, and every section symbol is made up of the N Bit data;
Determine the maximum symbol of occurrence number in the plurality of sections symbol after described cutting apart, and with it as main symbol, all the other symbols are non-main symbol;
First place at the packed data stream of exporting writes the sign of an expression compression, and then writes and become owner of symbol;
Order is imported original data stream, to the non-main symbol that wherein occurs, with the number information of the appearance of non-main symbol, the positional information of non-main symbol appears, after the corresponding non-main symbol that occurs in each position writes main symbolic information in the packed data stream of output respectively.
A kind of method that data flow after the above-mentioned data compression method compression is decompressed comprises the steps:
Input packed data stream when running into the compression sign, is prepared to decompress;
According to the main symbolic information behind the compression sign, determine main symbol;
According to the number information that the non-main symbol after the main symbolic information occurs, need to determine the non-main symbol number of reduction;
According to the positional information of the non-main symbol behind the compression sign, determine the original position of going back of this non-main symbol;
According to the non-main symbol information behind the compression sign, in the decompressed data stream of output, write this non-main symbol at described definite original position of going back;
With after described definite number information conforms to, all the other positions in the decompressed data of output flows write described definite main symbol in the non-main symbol number of reduction.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
The method of the invention by analyzing the validity feature of data, adopts position encoded method to carry out encoding compression, has greatly improved the compression efficiency of data.
Technical problem to be solved by this invention, technical scheme main points and beneficial effect will be in conjunction with the embodiments, are further described with reference to accompanying drawing.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of data compression method of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the present invention to the decompression method of described data compression method institute packed data;
Fig. 3 a represents the schematic diagram of initial data for the method for the invention embodiment;
Fig. 3 b represents to compress the schematic diagram of back data for the method for the invention embodiment.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, be the flow chart of data compression method of the present invention.
A kind of data compression method comprises the steps:
At first, be that unit is divided into the continuous symbol flow of being made up of the plurality of sections symbol with original data stream with the N bit, every section symbol is formed (step 11) by the N Bit data;
Then, determine the maximum symbol of occurrence number in the plurality of sections symbol after described cutting apart, and with it as main symbol, all the other symbols are non-main symbol (step 12);
Set a compression threshold number, and the number of times of statistics non-main symbol appearance;
When the occurrence number of described non-main symbol is counted greater than this compression threshold, then export a non-compression sign, then the original data stream of input is exported end-of-encode in regular turn;
When the occurrence number of described non-main symbol is counted less than this compression threshold, then continue execution in step (13).
First place at the packed data stream of exporting writes the sign of an expression compression, and then writes and become owner of symbol (step 13);
At last, order is imported original data stream, to the non-main symbol that wherein occurs, with the number information of the appearance of non-main symbol, the positional information of non-main symbol appears, with (step 14) after the corresponding non-main symbol that occurs in each position writes main symbolic information in the packed data stream of output respectively, that is, be implemented as follows:
(14-1) order is imported original data stream, if run into main symbol, then input buffering is moved one down, receives next input; If run into non-main symbol, then in the packed data stream of output, write down position and this non-main symbol of this non-main symbol in original data stream;
(14-2) repeated execution of steps (14-1) is until the original data stream end of input;
(14-3) the non-main symbol number of statistics input, and this number information is inserted into after the main symbolic information in the packed data stream of output.
As shown in Figure 2, be the decompression method of the present invention to described compression method packed data.
At first, input packed data stream when running into the compression sign, is prepared decompress (step 201); Then, according to the main symbolic information behind the compression sign, determine main symbol; And, need to determine the non-main symbol number of reduction according to the number information that the non-main symbol after the main symbolic information occurs; According to the positional information of the non-main symbol behind the compression sign, that determines this non-main symbol goes back original position (step 202); Then, according to the non-main symbol information behind the compression sign, in the decompressed data stream of output, write this non-main symbol (step 203) at described definite original position of going back; At last, with after described definite number information conforms to, all the other positions in the decompressed data of output flows write described definite main symbol (step 204) in the non-main symbol number of reduction.
In above-mentioned data compression and decompression method, if the occurrence number of " 0 " is maximum in the original data stream, then, in the process of compression, can omit the main symbol of output " 0 " in compressed code flow, and in decompression process, then when the main symbol of reduction, directly fill with " 0 ".
Below, the example of our a data compression.
Our radix of cutting apart of first setting data is 4bits, and the length that Data Position is represented also is 4bits, and the thresholding of setting the non-main symbol occurrence number is L=3.
Step 1: with the 8Bytes data is that unit is cut apart with 4Bits, and the source code flow that obtains is: 00 0,000 00 00 40 50 00, shown in Fig. 3 a;
Step 2: statistical data analysis stream, find that 0 (4bit) occurrence number is maximum, be 14 times, promptly main symbol=0;
Step 3: analyzing the non-main symbol occurrence number, is 2 times, less than L=3, therefore can compress;
Step 4: it be 1bit value 1 to export a compression sign, is the burden that reduces displacement, and what reality was exported is 0001 (occupy-place is 4bits); Main sign magnitude=0 of 4bit is write in the output code flow;
Step 5: the coding input code flow, if run into symbol 0, then input buffering is moved one down, receives next input; If run into non-main symbol, then directly use position (4Bit)+single non-main symbol data (4Bit) value to come packed data, be 11 such as the 11 data 4,4 positions, if with zero first of coming in the mark source code flow, then the 11st should 1010; So output code flow is: 1010 (4 position, 4Bit)+4 (real data 4Bit) merge the back and are exactly: A4; In like manner, the 13 5 output code flow is: C5;
Step 6: continue to receive input code flow according to step 5, finish up to inlet flow, the non-A data flow length after the statistical coding (is statistical unit with 4bits+4bits) is 2 here.
Step 7: the code stream that the non-main symbol data occurrence number numerical value 2 of the back statistics of will encoding is inserted into behind the coding begins the place, particular location is the back of coding maker and main sign magnitude, and length is K bits (this length and L, m, n, source code flow length etc. has relation) that adopt here is 4bits.Data after the compression are shown in Fig. 3 b.
As above-mentioned, in input code flow, occur under the situation of a large amount of " 0 ", there is corrective measure in this method.For example, owing to before the compression of being everlasting, doing preliminary treatment such as differential coding, BWT coding, cause the occurrence number of " 0 " in the input code flow maximum, at this moment, when output encoder, the output of main symbol=0 also can have been omitted, and when decompressing, correspondence position directly gets final product with " 0 " reduction.
A kind of data compression of the present invention and decompression method, be not restricted to listed utilization in specification and the execution mode, it can be applied to various suitable the present invention's field fully, for those skilled in the art, can easily realize additional advantage and make amendment, therefore under the situation of the spirit and scope of the universal that does not deviate from claim and equivalency range and limited, the examples shown that the present invention is not limited to specific details, representational equipment and illustrates here and describe.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of data compression method is used for the occurrence number data compression the most for a long time to input traffic " 0 ", it is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
Step (1): with the N bit is that unit is divided into the continuous symbol flow of being made up of the plurality of sections symbol with original data stream, and every section symbol is made up of the N Bit data;
Step (2): with non-" 0 " symbol as non-main symbol;
Step (3): the sign that writes an expression compression in the first place of the packed data stream of exporting;
Step (4): order is imported original data stream, to the non-main symbol that wherein occurs, with the number information of the appearance of non-main symbol, the positional information of non-main symbol appears, after the corresponding non-main symbol that occurs in each position writes compression sign in the packed data stream of output respectively.
2, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, in described step (2) afterwards, further comprises the steps:
Set a compression threshold number, and the number of times of statistics non-main symbol appearance;
When the occurrence number of described non-main symbol is counted greater than this compression threshold, then export a non-compression sign, then the original data stream of input is exported end-of-encode in regular turn;
When the occurrence number of described non-main symbol is counted less than this compression threshold, then continue execution in step (3).
3, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, described step (4) comprises the steps:
(4-1) order is imported original data stream, if run into main symbol, then input buffering is moved one down, receives next input; If run into non-main symbol, then in the packed data stream of output, write down position and this non-main symbol of this non-main symbol in original data stream;
(4-2) repeated execution of steps (4-1) is until the original data stream end of input;
(4-3) the non-main symbol number of statistics input, and this number information is inserted into after the compression sign in the packed data stream of output.
4, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, further may further comprise the steps:
(5) if the bit length of the packed data of output stream is not 8 multiple, then be filled to the afterbody of output stream, so that its length is 8 multiple with bit value " 0 ".
5, a kind of method that the data flow of utilizing after data compression method as claimed in claim 1 compresses is decompressed is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
Input packed data stream when running into the compression sign, is prepared to decompress;
According to the number information that the non-main symbol behind the compression sign occurs, need to determine the non-main symbol number of reduction;
According to the positional information of the non-main symbol behind the compression sign, determine the original position of going back of this non-main symbol;
According to the non-main symbol information behind the compression sign, in the decompressed data stream of output, write this non-main symbol at described definite original position of going back;
With after described definite number information conforms to, all the other positions in the decompressed data of output flows write " 0 " in the non-main symbol number of reduction.
6, a kind of data compression method is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
Step (11): with the N bit is that unit is divided into the continuous symbol flow of being made up of the plurality of sections symbol with original data stream, and every section symbol is made up of the N Bit data;
Step (12): determine the maximum symbol of occurrence number in the plurality of sections symbol after described cutting apart, and with it as main symbol, all the other symbols are non-main symbol;
Step (13): the first place at the packed data stream of exporting writes the sign of an expression compression, and then writes and become owner of symbol;
Step (14): order is imported original data stream, to the non-main symbol that wherein occurs, with the number information of the appearance of non-main symbol, the positional information of non-main symbol appears, after the corresponding non-main symbol that occurs in each position writes main symbolic information in the packed data stream of output respectively.
7, method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, in described step (12) afterwards, further comprises the steps:
Set a compression threshold number, and the number of times of statistics non-main symbol appearance;
When the occurrence number of described non-main symbol is counted greater than this compression threshold, then export a non-compression sign, then the original data stream of input is exported end-of-encode in regular turn;
When the occurrence number of described non-main symbol is counted less than this compression threshold, then continue execution in step (13).
8, method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, described step (14) comprises the steps:
(14-1) order is imported original data stream, if run into main symbol, then input buffering is moved one down, receives next input; If run into non-main symbol, then in the packed data stream of output, write down position and this non-main symbol of this non-main symbol in original data stream;
(14-2) repeated execution of steps (14-1) is until the original data stream end of input;
(14-3) the non-main symbol number of statistics input, and this number information is inserted into after the main symbolic information in the packed data stream of output.
9, method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, further may further comprise the steps:
(15) if the bit length of the packed data of output stream is not 8 multiple, then be filled to the afterbody of output stream, so that its length is 8 multiple with bit value " 0 ".
10, a kind of method that the data flow of utilizing after data compression method as claimed in claim 6 compresses is decompressed is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
Input packed data stream when running into the compression sign, is prepared to decompress;
According to the main symbolic information behind the compression sign, determine main symbol;
According to the number information that the non-main symbol after the main symbolic information occurs, need to determine the non-main symbol number of reduction;
According to the positional information of the non-main symbol behind the compression sign, determine the original position of going back of this non-main symbol;
According to the non-main symbol information behind the compression sign, in the decompressed data stream of output, write this non-main symbol at described definite original position of going back;
With after described definite number information conforms to, all the other positions in the decompressed data of output flows write described definite main symbol in the non-main symbol number of reduction.
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| CN111384969A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2020-07-07 | 上海寒武纪信息科技有限公司 | Encoding method, processor, encoding device, and storage medium |
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| WO2021052329A1 (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2021-03-25 | 上海御渡半导体科技有限公司 | Lossless compression and decompression methods for test vector |
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