CN1837278A - Flame-resistant plastic-wood composite materials and process for preparing same - Google Patents
Flame-resistant plastic-wood composite materials and process for preparing same Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a flame-proof plastic-wood composite material, which is prepared from the following constituents: (1) 15-32 wt% of plastic, (2) 5-70 wt% of natural fiber, (3) 7-40 wt% of polyphosphoric ammonium with a molecular formula of (NH4)n+2PnO3n+1, (4) 0-20 wt% of carbon-forming agent, (5) 3-10 wt% of foaming agent, (6) 1-10 wt% of processing auxiliary agent through mixing, agitating, melting and squeezing.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the mixture of natural high moleculer eompound and polyolefin plastics, belong to technical field of composite materials.
Background technology
Wood plastic composite is a kind of type material that grew up in recent years, it utilizes the various natural fibers of depleted and reclaims plastics (PE or PP) and carry out composite, produce the section bar of various different cross sections, be widely used in industries such as garden architecture, transportation, decoration.Because natural fiber, PE or PP plastics all are combustible materials, therefore the also very easy burning of Wood plastic composite itself, oxygen index only has 17%-19% generally speaking, can not put out certainly after catching fire, belong to inflammable class material, this makes it be restricted in application process, can only be applied at outdoor or near aqua region.
For the Wood plastic composite that fire-retardant requirement is arranged; usually can utilize the difficulty combustion characteristics of polyvinyl chloride itself; with polyvinyl chloride as base-material; the technology of adding a little fire retardant again reaches fire-retardant purpose; among the CN1500832A " polyvinyl chloride (PVC) sheet material "; it is composite to adopt interpolation tetrabromophthalic anhydride and antimonous oxide to carry out, and produces the flame-resistant plastic-wood material.Because PVC burning itself can produce objectionable impuritiess such as hydrogenchloride, and the bromide fire retardant burning is also because can produce the material of atmospheric ozone layer such as " Dioxins " destruction, progressively banned use of by countries in the world, therefore, the exploitation of environmentally friendly flame-resistant plastic-wood composite materials is progressively paid attention to.Account for 80% of world's gross production with PP or PE as the Wood plastic composite of base-material production, up to the present, its fire-retardant this property problem, domestic also do not have a patent.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of flame-resistant plastic-wood composite materials is provided, improving PP or PE is the flame-retarding characteristic of the Wood plastic composite of base-material, makes it to be applied in house decorative material.
Another object of the present invention has provided a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned matrix material.
A kind of flame-resistant plastic-wood composite materials is characterized in that this flame-resistant plastic-wood composite materials is made up of following each component:
(A) plastics of mass percent 15-32%.
Described plastics can be polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP) or their mixture; It can be that the recovery plastics also can be virgin materials.
(B) natural fiber of mass percent 5-70%.
Described natural fiber can be cavings, wood powder, straw, shell etc. and their mixture.
(C) ammonium polyphosphate of mass percent 7-50% (APP).
The molecular formula of described ammonium polyphosphate (APP) is (NH
4)
N+2P
nO
3n+1, the scope of its polymerization degree n is 20-4000.
(D) carbon forming agent of mass percent 0-20%;
Described carbon forming agent is the polyol of rich carbon, can be that starch, tetramethylolmethane and its dipolymer, trimer and ethylene glycol etc. contain the organic resin of hydroxyl or their mixture.
(E) whipping agent of mass percent 3-10%.
Described whipping agent source is nitrogenous many carbon compounds, can be trimeric cyanamide, Dyhard RU 100, ammonium polyphosphate, urea, polymeric amide, trichlorine cyanogen ammonia (MN) or their mixture.
(F) processing aid of mass percent 1-10%
Described processing aid can calcium stearate, antioxidant 1010, oxidation inhibitor 168, stablizer UV531, maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene or their mixture or their mixture.
Said components makes flame-resistant plastic-wood composite materials by following processing method.
Step 1: will reclaim that plastics sort, broken, oven dry and remove the metallic impurity conventional processing after, by the abundant mixing of stirrer and standby, as plastics is virgin material, and then directly by the abundant mixing of stirrer and standby, the stirrer rotating speed is controlled at 20-400rpm during stirring;
Step 2: thorough mixing in mixing machine with ammonium polyphosphate and whipping agent, the mixing machine rotating speed is controlled at more than the 400rpm, processing parameter is: Heating temperature: 40-60 ℃, mixing time: 10-30 minute, as containing carbon forming agent in the fruit component, then with carbon forming agent and ammonium polyphosphate and whipping agent thorough mixing in mixing machine, the mixing machine rotating speed is controlled at more than the 400rpm, processing parameter is controlled at Heating temperature: 40-60 ℃, and mixing time: 10-30 minute;
Step 3: plastics, ammonium polyphosphate, carbon forming agent and whipping agent after the step 2 processing after will handling through step 1 mix the back and add natural fiber and processing aid and pass through the abundant mixing of stirrer, and the stirrer rotating speed is controlled at 20-400rpm;
Step 4: will be through using the twin screw extruder melt blending behind the step 3 mixing, extruding pelletization, processing temperature is 100-200 ℃, vacuum tightness≤-0.02MPa.
By the flame-resistant plastic-wood composite materials that method disclosed by the invention is produced, its oxygen index is 25-36%.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The present invention adopts environment amenable polyphosphoric acid amine as the fire retardant main body, by the composite flame-resistant plastic-wood composite materials of producing PP and base, oxygen index reaches 25-36%, can directly use as upholstery material, expanded the range of application of Wood plastic composite greatly, market outlook are wide, and economic benefit is obvious.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
(A) recovery polyethylene (PE) resin of 32kg;
(B) the wood powder natural fiber of 45kg;
(C) the 12kg polymerization degree is 4000 ammonium polyphosphate;
(D) tetramethylolmethane of 2kg;
(E) trimeric cyanamide of 8kg;
(F) the calcium stearate processing aid of 1kg.
Said components makes flame-resistant plastic-wood composite materials by following processing method.
Step 1: with recovery polyethylene (PE) resin of 32kg sort, broken, oven dry and remove the metallic impurity conventional processing after, the stirrer rotating speed is controlled at 400rpm during by abundant mixing of stirrer and standby stirring;
Step 2: with the ammonium polyphosphate of 12kg, the tetramethylolmethane carbon forming agent of 2kg and trimeric cyanamide whipping agent thorough mixing in mixing machine of 8kg, the mixing machine rotating speed is controlled at more than the 400rpm, processing parameter is: heating and temperature control is at 60 ℃, and mixing time was controlled at 15 minutes;
Step 3: add wood powder and the processing aid of 45kg and pass through the abundant mixing of stirrer after the trimeric cyanamide whipping agent of the tetramethylolmethane carbon forming agent of the ammonium polyphosphate of 12kg, 2kg and 8kg mixed after recovery polyethylene (PE) resin, the step 2 after will handling through step 1 handled, the stirrer rotating speed is controlled at 20-400rpm;
Step 4: will be 4000 ammonium polyphosphate, the tetramethylolmethane carbon forming agent of 2kg, the trimeric cyanamide whipping agent of 8kg, the wood powder natural fiber of 45kg and the calcium stearate processing aid twin screw extruder melt blending of 1kg through recovery polyethylene (PE) resin, the 12kg polymerization degree of the 32kg behind the step 3 mixing, extruding pelletization, processing temperature is controlled at 100 ℃, vacuum degree control≤-0.02MPa.
Embodiment 2
(A) polypropylene of 18kg (PP) resin virgin material;
(B) the stalk natural fiber of 70kg;
(C) the 7kg polymerization degree is 20 ammonium polyphosphate;
(D) trimeric cyanamide of 3kg;
(E) the antioxidant 1010 processing aid of 2kg.
Said components makes flame-resistant plastic-wood composite materials by following processing method.
Step 1: polypropylene (PP) the resin virgin material of 18kg is directly also standby by the abundant mixing of stirrer, and the stirrer rotating speed is controlled at 20rpm during stirring;
Step 2: with the 7kg polymerization degree is 20 ammonium polyphosphate and trimeric cyanamide whipping agent thorough mixing in mixing machine of 3kg, and the mixing machine rotating speed is controlled at more than the 400rpm, and processing parameter is: Heating temperature: 40 ℃, and mixing time: 30 minutes;
Step 3: the stalk natural fiber of adding 70kg and antioxidant 1010 processing aid were together by the abundant mixing of stirrer after ammonium polyphosphate after polypropylene (PP) resin virgin material, the step 2 of the 18kg after will handling through step 1 handled and the trimeric cyanamide whipping agent of 3kg mixed, and the stirrer rotating speed is controlled at 400rpm;
Step 4: will be 20 ammonium polyphosphate, the trimeric cyanamide whipping agent of 3kg, the stalk natural fiber of 70kg and the antioxidant 1010 processing aid twin screw extruder melt blending of 2kg through 18kg polypropylene (PP) resin virgin material, the 7kg polymerization degree behind the step 3 mixing, extruding pelletization, processing temperature is 200 ℃, vacuum tightness≤-0.02MPa.
Embodiment 3
(A) polyethylene (PE) the resin virgin material of recovery polyethylene (PE) resin of 7kg and 8kg;
(B) the shell natural fiber of the cavings natural fiber of 3kg and 2kg;
(C) polymerization degree of 20kg is that the polymerization degree of 1000 ammonium polyphosphate and 20kg is 3000 ammonium polyphosphate;
(D) ethylene glycol of the tetramethylolmethane of 10kg and 10kg;
(E) polymeric amide of the trimeric cyanamide of 5kg and 5kg;
(F) the maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene processing aid of the stablizer UV531 of 5kg and 5kg.
Said components makes flame-resistant plastic-wood composite materials by following processing method.
Step 1: with 7kg polyethylene (PE) resin that reclaims sort, broken, oven dry and remove the metallic impurity conventional processing after, by the abundant mixing of stirrer, and and polyethylene (PE) the resin virgin material of the 8kg abundant mixing of stirrer together, the stirrer rotating speed is controlled at 200rpm during stirring;
Step 2: with the polymerization degree of 20kg is that 1000 the ammonium polyphosphate and the polymerization degree of 20kg are 3000 ammonium polyphosphate, tetramethylolmethane and the ethylene glycol carbon forming agent of 10kg, the trimeric cyanamide of 5kg and the polymeric amide whipping agent thorough mixing in mixing machine of 5kg of 10kg, the mixing machine rotating speed is controlled at more than the 400rpm, processing parameter is: Heating temperature: 50 ℃, and mixing time: 20 minutes;
Step 3: the maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene processing aid of the stablizer UV531 of the shell natural fiber of the cavings natural fiber of adding 3kg and 2kg and 5kg and 5kg was together by the abundant mixing of stirrer after ammonium polyphosphate, carbon forming agent and the whipping agent after plastics, the step 2 after will handling through step 1 handled mixed, and the stirrer rotating speed is controlled at 200rpm;
Step 4: will be through the stablizer UV531 of the plastics behind the step 3 mixing, ammonium polyphosphate, carbon forming agent, whipping agent, natural fiber and 5kg and the maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene processing aid twin screw extruder melt blending of 5kg, extruding pelletization, processing temperature is 150 ℃, vacuum tightness≤-0.02MPa.
The oxygen index of flame-resistant plastic-wood composite materials is according to the method test of GB2406-80.
Subordinate list: the oxygen index of the flame-resistant plastic-wood composite materials of embodiment correspondence
| Embodiment | Oxygen index (%) |
| 1 | 30 |
| 2 | 25 |
| 3 | 36 |
Flame-resistant plastic-wood composite materials of the present invention for improving the needs of technology properties, also can add other relevant conventional auxiliary agent, as anti UV agent, to improve aging resistance of materials during making; Add lubricant, releasing agent, to improve Drawing abillity; Can also add tinting material dyeing as required.These technical schemes all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1, a kind of flame-resistant plastic-wood composite materials is characterized in that this flame-resistant plastic-wood composite materials is made up of following each component:
(A) plastics of mass percent 15-32%;
(B) natural fiber of mass percent 5-70%;
(C) ammonium polyphosphate of mass percent 7-40%, its molecular formula are (NH
4)
N+2P
nO
3n+1
(D) carbon forming agent of mass percent 0-20%;
(E) whipping agent of mass percent 3-10%;
(F) processing aid of mass percent 1-10%.
2, flame-resistant plastic-wood composite materials according to claim 1 is characterized in that described plastics are polyethylene, polypropylene or their mixture.
3, flame-resistant plastic-wood composite materials according to claim 2 is characterized in that described plastics are to reclaim plastics or virgin material or their mixture.
4, flame-resistant plastic-wood composite materials according to claim 1 is characterized in that described natural fiber is cavings, wood powder, straw, shell or their mixture.
5, flame-resistant plastic-wood composite materials according to claim 1, the scope that it is characterized in that the polymerization degree n of ammonium polyphosphate is 20-4000.
6, flame-resistant plastic-wood composite materials according to claim 1 is characterized in that described carbon forming agent is the polyol of rich carbon, is starch, tetramethylolmethane and its dipolymer, trimer and ethylene glycol or their mixture.
7, flame-resistant plastic-wood composite materials according to claim 1 is characterized in that described whipping agent source is nitrogenous many carbon compounds, is trimeric cyanamide, Dyhard RU 100, ammonium polyphosphate, urea, polymeric amide, trichlorine cyanogen ammonia or their mixture.
8, flame-resistant plastic-wood composite materials according to claim 1 is characterized in that described processing aid is calcium stearate, antioxidant 1010, oxidation inhibitor 168, stablizer UV531, maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene or their mixture.
9, the preparation method of the described flame-resistant plastic-wood composite materials of claim 1 is characterized in that this method comprises the steps:
Step 1: will reclaim that plastics sort, broken, oven dry and remove the metallic impurity conventional processing after, by the abundant mixing of stirrer and standby, as plastics is virgin material, and then directly by the abundant mixing of stirrer and standby, the stirrer rotating speed is controlled at 20-400rpm during stirring;
Step 2: thorough mixing in mixing machine with ammonium polyphosphate and whipping agent, the mixing machine rotating speed is controlled at more than the 400rpm, processing parameter is: Heating temperature: 40-60 ℃, mixing time: 10-30 minute, as containing carbon forming agent in the fruit component, then with carbon forming agent and ammonium polyphosphate and whipping agent thorough mixing in mixing machine, the mixing machine rotating speed is controlled at more than the 400rpm, processing parameter is controlled at Heating temperature: 40-60 ℃, and mixing time: 10-30 minute;
Step 3: plastics, ammonium polyphosphate, carbon forming agent and whipping agent after the step 2 processing after will handling through step 1 mix the back and add natural fiber and processing aid and pass through the abundant mixing of stirrer, and the stirrer rotating speed is controlled at 20-400rpm;
Step 4: will be through the plastics behind the step 3 mixing, ammonium polyphosphate, carbon forming agent, whipping agent, natural fiber and processing aid twin screw extruder melt blending, extruding pelletization, processing temperature is 100-200 ℃, vacuum tightness≤-0.02MPa.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100399854A CN100374493C (en) | 2006-04-28 | 2006-04-28 | Flame-resistant plastic-wood composite materials and process for preparing same |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100399854A CN100374493C (en) | 2006-04-28 | 2006-04-28 | Flame-resistant plastic-wood composite materials and process for preparing same |
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| CN100374493C CN100374493C (en) | 2008-03-12 |
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| CN102408736A (en) * | 2011-07-25 | 2012-04-11 | 东北林业大学 | Flame retardant high-wood content wood-plastic composite material and preparation method thereof |
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