CN1863463B - 用于促进肠道屏障成熟的营养组合物 - Google Patents
用于促进肠道屏障成熟的营养组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1863463B CN1863463B CN2004800211609A CN200480021160A CN1863463B CN 1863463 B CN1863463 B CN 1863463B CN 2004800211609 A CN2004800211609 A CN 2004800211609A CN 200480021160 A CN200480021160 A CN 200480021160A CN 1863463 B CN1863463 B CN 1863463B
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- bifidobacterium
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- oligosaccharides
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Abstract
本发明涉及用于诱导与母乳喂养中观察到的模式相似的肠道屏障成熟,并能在例如新生儿应激中促进肠道屏障成熟的组合物。具体而言,本发明涉及含有组合的特定成分的婴儿配方,所述成分设计来提供整个胃肠道与屏障功能的协同效应。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及用于诱导与母乳喂养中观察到的模式相似的肠道屏障成熟,并能在例如新生儿应激(neonatal stress)中促进肠道屏障成熟的组合物。具体而言,本发明涉及含有组合的特定成分的婴儿配方,所述成分设计来提供整个胃肠道与屏障功能的协同效应。
背景技术
在出生后发育中,新生的肠经历了以建立针对大分子和病原细菌的功能性屏障为结束的成熟过程。这种现象被称为肠道闭锁(gut closure)并貌似受饮食影响。因此,使用婴儿(JPGN,1995,21:386-6)和动物模型(Pediatr Res,1990,28:31-7)的不同研究显示母乳喂养时屏障成熟要快于配方喂养的新生儿。这可以解释配方喂养婴儿与母乳喂养相比更高的过敏和感染患病率。
数量可观的不同机制整合为该屏障,这些机制协同作用以防止宿主遭受内腔攻击(luminal aggression)。第一层屏障由肠道上皮--由蛋白质复合体封闭在一起(如紧密连接)的连续的单层柱状上皮细胞组成。第二层是由如唾液、胃酸、黏液层、蛋白水解消化、碱性肠道pH、非流动层和肠道蠕动的保护粘膜表面的机制组成的非特异屏障。肠道免疫系统(GALT)可以对外源分子和病原微生物选择性及特异性地应答。最后,同样重要的是肠内微生物区系直接或间接防止宿主遭受病原体和具有抗原特性的大分子的侵袭。
另外,由例如抗生素治疗、疾病及外科手术引起的生理应急和由例如住院或长期与母亲分离引起的心理应急(早产婴儿人群中的普遍情况)可以进一步损害肠道屏障的成熟并推迟闭合。因此,微生物菌群已经表现出影响肠道屏障(黏液层、紧密连接)多种机制的状态,并且生理和心理应 急已经涉及对大分子、小溶质和细菌提高的通透性。
在本领域中,已提出用于促进婴儿肠道屏障功能或胃肠健康的若干方法。例如,在US 6132710中,将纯化的唾液乳杆菌(Lactobacillus salivarius)和植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)菌株施用于早产婴儿以预防粘膜组织感染和炎症引起的伤害,尤其是通过鼻胃给药预防在新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎中胃肠组织的伤害。
同样,JP 5030942提供了包含乳脂肪球膜(milk fat globule membrane,MFGM)活性成分的食品和饮品,该成分可以控制高分子物质如蛋白质通过肠道管的通透性。其可用于预防和治疗食物过敏性疾病。
关于肠道屏障免疫,WO 9700078提供了蛋白质水解产物用以下调过敏反应及促进肠道免疫屏障,该水解产物由水解具有(a)来自于含有益生菌的胃肠道细菌制备的酶和(ii)与乳杆菌GG相似的蛋白酶系统以及(b)胃蛋白酶和/或胰蛋白酶的蛋白质生成。
尽管那些微生物或成分很可能给结合它们的个体带来有利的效果,缺点在于所述微生物或成分只在肠道的有限部分或肠道屏障的单个机制中发挥其效应。
因此,本发明的目的在于消除现有技术的缺点并在配方喂养中提供促进整个肠道中肠道屏障多种机制同时成熟的改进的方法,以诱导与母乳喂养中观察到的相似的肠道屏障成熟。
发明概述
在产生本发明的研究中,本发明人观察到意味着可通过提供生物活性成分的特异组合物来达到上述目的的意外效果,所述组合物可与能够将至少一种上述成分散布在整个肠道中的微生物结合。
这些成分的特定组合物包含至少一种选自特定脂肪(神经节苷脂、LC-PUFA)或非消化型碳水化合物(如寡糖)的物质。
可作为组合物一部分用于递送所述物质的本发明特定微生物可以促进胃肠道特定部分的肠道屏障成熟。在胃肠道不同部分存活能力不同的微生 物可以整合在混合物中。可向微生物混合物中添加一些所述物质,以通过刺激与微生物刺激的屏障成熟不同的屏障机制成熟来加强它们的效果。
这些成分的组合物可包含在早产的或新生婴儿的配方中,所述配方可以通过促进屏障成熟降低过敏和感染的风险。
因此,根据本发明设计了用来促进婴儿肠道屏障成熟以及最佳屏障功能的营养配方包含与至少一种微生物结合的上述成分组合物之一,并以足够引起与母乳喂养中观察到的相似的肠道屏障成熟类型的量进行补给。
本发明的另一目的涉及该特异成分组合物在促进婴儿肠道屏障成熟和屏障功能,从而减少过敏和感染发生风险方面的用途。
在另一实施方案中,本发明涉及所述成分在健康婴儿和那些遭受生理或心理应急的婴儿哺乳时期促进肠道屏障稳定的用途。
在最后的方面,本发明提供了促进婴儿肠道屏障成熟和最佳屏障功能的方法,包括向个体施用至少一种选自特异脂肪或非消化型寡糖的成分的组合物,所述成分与至少一种微生物结合。
发明详述
在下文的描述中,术语“低出生体重(LBW)配方”是指专门为喂养LBW婴儿设计的配方。LBW婴儿定义为出生时体重低于2500g的婴儿。这样的婴儿也可以是“早产的”婴儿(即怀孕后37周前出生)或“小于胎龄”婴儿(即在怀孕后37周到41周之间出生,但表现出迟缓的子宫内生长的婴儿)。在可以进行肠道喂养时即可使用LBW配方,直到LBW婴儿达到足月婴儿的出生体重(2500g-4000g)时或直到若干周后的5000g时。
术语“初始配方”是指专为喂养生命最初的4-6个月的婴儿并达到它们营养需要总额而设计的配方。
根据第一个方面,下述物质可作为可以在配方喂养阶段在整个肠道中促进屏障成熟的组合物的一部分:
-非消化型碳水化合物,如低聚果糖(FOS)、低聚半乳糖(GOS)、 菊糖、阿拉伯胶、低聚木糖、抗性淀粉等等以及
-LC-PUFA,如花生四烯酸(AA)或二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)和任选的
-人乳寡糖,如唾液乳糖(sialyllactose)和/或
-神经节苷脂,如包含在来自水牛乳脱乳糖乳清中的神经节苷脂,和/或
-乳或初乳级分,如酸、凝乳酶或微团酪素、酸、甜乳清或ultra乳清、脂肪球膜等等,和/或
-广泛的水解蛋白质,如来自于乳清蛋白质水解的那些,和/或
-多胺,如精胺或亚精胺和/或一种或多种多胺前体,特别是鸟氨酸和精氨酸
优选地,非消化型碳水化合物可选自低聚果糖、低聚半乳糖、唾液酸寡糖、低聚木糖、菊糖、阿拉伯胶、瓜尔胶、抗性淀粉和/或乳来源的寡糖,并可以加入微生物混合物。其中的一种或多种可以按照0.01至5g/100ml的总剂量使用,并优选1-2g/100ml。可使用两种或多种碳水化合物的混合物,每种碳水化合物占碳水化合物混合物的5%到95%。
可优选使用特别的脂质。例如,有效数量的至少一种n-6多不饱和脂肪酸与至少一种n-3多不饱和脂肪酸混合,例如C20或C22n-6脂肪酸和一种C20或C22n-3脂肪酸。C20或C22n-6脂肪酸总量在组合物中占全部脂肪酸重量的0.01至6.0%,优选总量占0.1到1%。C20或C22n-3脂肪酸总量在组合物中占全部脂肪酸重量的0.01至6.0%,优选总量占0.1到1%。优选本发明中使用的n-6多不饱和脂肪酸为花生四烯酸(AA,C20:4n-6)且本发明中使用的n-3多不饱和脂肪酸为二十二碳六烯酸(DHA,C22:6,n-3)。有效的AA∶DHA比例为大约1∶1到2.5∶1,并优选1∶1到2∶1。LC-PUFA来源可以是卵脂质、真菌油、低EPA鱼油、藻油等。
也可向组合的成分中加入属于另一类脂质的神经节苷脂,例如以大约1-20μMol/L(并优选6-15μMol/L)配方的数量加入。神经节苷脂可来源于牛乳、牛初乳,但是优选水牛乳、乳清或初乳、山羊乳、初乳或乳清和/ 或任一种的衍生物。
组合物还可包含多胺,特别是亚精胺、精胺或腐胺和/或一种或多种多胺前体,特别是鸟氨酸和精氨酸。每100g固体配方中可使用大约10到2000μg数量的多胺。多胺优选选自精胺、亚精胺、腐胺和尸胺的至少两种或多种。优选组合物含有大约10-90%的精胺、10-90%的亚精胺、0-90%的腐胺和0-20%的尸胺。
优选地,乳级分(富含生长因子)可以是例如脂肪球膜蛋白质、酸、初制凝乳酶或微团酪素、酸、甜乳清或ultra乳清、乳清蛋白质水解产物的形式。每100mL配方中可使用大约0.01到7g数量的乳级分,优选0.5-3g/100ml。
另一方面,作为递送剂,上述任一或若干物质可以和微生物结合。
要使用的微生物包含至少一种物质,该物质在特定位置的释放会引起对屏障成熟有益的效应。可特定设计、处理或修饰要使用的微生物,以确保在特定位置的释放。
特定递送至小肠的实例为例如与宿主局部黏液层相互作用的物质、聚集病原体并通过黏液清除(mucus flushing)物质将其排除的物质,例如络合大分子并降低其通透能力的物质,如能消化病原体致病因子(如肠毒素)的酶。递送至结肠的实例为例如具有解毒特性的物质、具有控制肠道特定部分运动模式的潜力的物质、具有支持肠细胞分化潜力的物质(如多胺)、具有增强先天免疫性潜力的物质或具有重建黏液层完整性潜力的物质。
为了提供含有一种或多种目的物质的微生物,可选用任一固有表达这类物质的微生物。由于微生物被设计来在肠的特定位置释放其含有有益物质的细胞内物质,不要求将物质分泌进环境中。相反,由于基本上所有使用的微生物都在预定的位置溶解及释放所述物质,本发明的物质在那里应以更高数量存在。为此,已经包含了各自物质的相应微生物可任选地接受适于将物质递送至肠特定所需位置的方法预处理,并可施用于受者,从而使他们根据预处理的种类在各自的肠位置溶解。
与益生菌的常规用途(其中有益物质主要通过分泌进环境而被释放) 相比这非常有利。根据本发明,使用的微生物在到达其被设计溶解的肠位置时会基本上同时释放其所有的有益负荷。另外,由于施用的给定数量的欲使用微生物中目的物质的含量大体已知,因此可以更适当的控制递送给接受者的相应物质的数量。
为了提高被微生物递送的所述物质的数量,可使用常规技术,例如应用特定的发酵条件或通过例如将微生物进行随机诱变并挑选那些需要物质表达量更高的突变体来遗传修饰微生物本身。然而,也可使用重组方法,其中通过例如给相应基因连上与内源启动子相比更强的启动子提高内源基因的表达,或通过将编码目的物质的基因任选地连在驱动目的基因表达的更强的启动子上,插入微生物质粒或染色体,从而重组的微生物可含有更大量的需要物质。
根据可能的递送位置是胃、十二指肠、空肠、回肠或结肠,依赖于预处理的性质和持续时间可以确立微生物的耐性(即其在胃肠道的存活力)。待加入本发明配方的微生物可选自乳杆菌(Lactobacilli)、双歧杆菌(Bifidobacteria)、链球菌(Streptococci)、足球菌(Pediococci)、肠球菌(Enterococci)、乳球菌(Lactococci)、Oenococci、葡萄球菌(Staphylococci)、类杆菌(Bacteroides)、酵母或其混合物。这些微生物优选的实例为Bad 4、B128、B129、约氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus johnsonii)或类干酪乳杆菌(Lactobacillus paracasei)ST11,所有这些都可以从Depository Institute分别以登录号CNCM I-2168、CNCM I-2169、CNCMI-2170、CNCM I-1225和CNCM I-2116免费得到。也可使用嗜热链球菌(Streptococcus thermophilus)(TH4)或雷特斯双歧杆菌(Bifidobacteriumlactis)(Bb12(ATCC27536))。他们由Hansen(Chr.Hansen A/S,10-12 BoegeAlle,邮政信箱407,DK2970 Hoersholm,Danemark)提供。还可使用长双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium longum)BB536(Morinaga提供)。
一旦微生物经过挑选以及任选的预处理,所述微生物可以以冷冻干燥或喷雾干燥得到的粉末形式(例如以105-1013cfu/100g的数量)包含于LBW、初始或后续的配方中,或包含在婴儿食物中,这取决于待递送的物质数量。
上述成分可以以消费者接受的产品形式(例如分别为可吞咽的载体或支持物)便利地施用。这样的载体或支持物的实例为药物或食物或宠物食品组合物。该组合物的非限制性实例为乳、酸乳、凝乳、乳酪、发酵乳、基于乳发酵的产品、基于发酵的谷物的产品、基于乳的粉末、婴儿配方、液体细菌悬浮液、干燥的口服添加剂、湿的口服添加剂、干燥的管喂饮食或湿的管喂饮食。
营养组合物优选为完全食谱形式,使得当其作为唯一的营养源时,基本上涵盖了所有的日常能量、氮、脂质、维生素、矿物质以及微量元素。然而,营养组合物也可作为添加剂的形式。
在优选的实施方案中,本发明提供了可以作为例如低出生体重或初始婴儿配方形式的婴儿配方。除上述特定成分的组合外,它可以包含蛋白质源、碳水化合物源和脂质源。
蛋白质源可为合适的膳食蛋白质;例如动物蛋白(例如乳蛋白质、肉蛋白质和卵蛋白质)、植物蛋白(例如大豆、小麦、大米或豌豆蛋白质)、游离氨基酸的混合物或它们的组合。特别优选乳蛋白质,如酪蛋白、乳清蛋白质和大豆蛋白质。在优选的实施方案中,每100kcal配方包含大约1.8至4克的蛋白质源。
如果配方包含脂肪源,优选该脂肪来源提供营养配方大约5%到大约55%的能量;或每100kcal配方中大约3到7克;组成脂肪来源的脂质可以是任一合适的脂肪或脂肪混合物。植物脂肪尤其适合;例如大豆油、棕榈油、椰子油、红花油、葵花籽油、玉米油、芸苔油、卵磷脂等等。如果需要,也可添加动物脂肪(如乳脂肪)。
如果配方包含碳水化合物源,优选例如碳水化合物源提供营养配方大约40%到大约80%的能量,或每100kcal配方中含有大约6克或大约15克。可使用任何合适的碳水化合物如蔗糖、乳糖、葡萄糖、果糖、玉米糖浆固体和麦芽糖糊精以及它们的混合物。可参考适当的指导以通常的方式向营养配方中添加适当的维生素和矿物质。如果需要可向营养配方中添加 一种或多种食品级乳化剂;例如单-二酰甘油的二乙酰酒石酸酯、卵磷脂以及单和二酰甘油。类似地,可包含合适的盐和稳定剂。
该配方优选为可肠内施用的,例如以粉末、液体浓缩剂或可直接饮用的饮品形式。可通过任何合适的方式制备,例如将膳食蛋白质源、碳水化合物源以及脂肪源以适当的比例混合在一起。如果使用乳化剂,则其可包含在混合物中。维生素和矿物质可在此时添加,但通常都在之后添加以防止热降解。亲脂的维生素、乳化剂等可在混合前溶解于脂肪源中。然后可掺入水(优选经过反渗透的水)以形成液体混合物。水温有利地为大约50℃到大约80℃,以帮助成分的扩散。可使用市售的液化剂形成液体混合物。然后将液体混合物匀浆;例如两步匀浆。
然后将液体混合物温度处理以降低细菌含量。例如,将液体混合物快速加热至大约80℃到大约150℃的温度范围内持续大约5秒到大约5分钟。这可以通过注蒸汽、高压灭菌或热交换器(如平板热交换器)执行。然后可将液体混合物通过例如瞬时冷却冷却至大约60℃到大约85℃。然后可将液体混合物再次匀浆;例如在两步匀浆中,第一步大约7Mpa到大约40Mpa和第二步大约2Mpa到大约14Mpa。然后将匀浆的混合物进一步冷却至可添加任何热敏感组分,例如维生素和矿物质。在此时可便利地标准化匀浆混合物的pH和固体含量。
如果需要产生粉末营养配方,将匀浆混合物转移至合适的干燥装置(如喷雾干燥器或冷冻干燥器)中并转化为粉末。粉末应该含有以重量计低于5%的水分含量。
如果需要产生液体配方,优选将匀浆混合物无菌地填充入适当的容器中。可通过预加热匀浆的混合物(例如至75到85℃)并随后向匀浆的混合物中注入蒸汽使其温度升至140℃到160℃(例如大约150℃)来实现容器的无菌填充。然后将匀浆的混合物通过例如瞬时冷却冷却到大约75℃到85℃的温度。匀浆过的混合物然后可再匀浆并进一步冷却到室温并填充入容器。市售有适于实行这种性质无菌填充的设备。液体配方的形式可以是含有以重量计大约10到14%固体含量的直接食用配方,或可为固体含量 以重量计通常大约为20到26%的浓缩剂。可向液体配方中添加香料,使得该配方成为方便的、可口的、可直接引用的饮品。
该组合物可特别为健康婴儿、例如在抗生素治疗后遭受肠微生物区系改变的婴儿和由于例如疾病、外科手术、住院、长期与母亲分离而遭受生理和心理应急的婴儿设计,从而促进肠道屏障成熟并因而降低过敏和感染的危险。需要喂养给婴儿的配方数量依赖于例如婴儿状态、婴儿体重、婴儿年龄和是否该配方是唯一的营养源的因素。一般而言,施用充足的营养组合物为婴儿提供每天每千克体重大约1克到约4.0克蛋白质,所述营养组合物以如上所指的数量补充有本发明成分。如果营养组合物作为其他食物的添加剂使用,每日施用的营养组合物的数量可相应减少。
下文的非限制性的实施例进一步说明了本发明。之前为附图概述。
图1显示在施用对照(-C)或具添加剂(-S)食谱的出生后36天处理的(handled)(NS-)或与母亲分离(MS)大鼠中FITC-葡聚糖(A)和HRP(B)血浆浓度。在通过胃内灌服法施用透性探针后150分钟采血浆。显示了8个动物的平均值±SEM。不同的字母指出显著差异(p<0.05)。
实施例1:LC-PUFA、类干酪乳杆菌CNCM I-2116和FOS/GOS对肠通透性的影响。
新生儿应急对肠道屏障的特异影响正开始被证实。针对大鼠的不同研究显示,在新生时期间歇地离开母亲导致在断奶期和之后生活中更高的肠通透性。由于该研究,我们旨在评估喂养补充有LC-PUFA、益生菌细菌和非消化型寡糖混合物的食谱对在新生期遭受离开母亲实验方案的年轻大鼠肠通透性的影响。
方法:
动物
从Janvier(法国)购买初产的孕期雌性Long-Evans Hooded大鼠,它们在妊娠期第12天抵达我们的动物饲养室。在给药之前,它们在恒定的温度和湿度下独居并保持12∶12暗/亮周期。提供了可随意获得的的食物和 水。居住条件在实验方案的整个时期中保持不变。
给药后一天(出生后两天-PND2),将母鼠从它们母亲笼中移出并确定幼崽的性别。随机指定标准化的一窝8只雄幼崽用于收养。
新生儿应急
为母鼠和它们的幼崽指定两种饲养条件之一:1)与母亲分离组,在出生后2到4天被给予每天180分钟的与母亲分离时间段(MS),或者2)处理对照组,每天进行处理(称重及15分钟的处理)但不与母亲分离(NS)。
上午9点,将母鼠从它们的居住笼中取出,在3个小时的分离期内(MS母鼠)或15分钟的处理期内(NS母鼠)始终置于等候笼中。将每窝MS从其巢中取出、称重并按组置于相邻房间的隔离笼中。隔离的笼子保持在32.0±0.5℃。在分离期结束时,将幼崽送回其居住笼并在它们和它们的养母重聚前将污染的垫褥卷起。类似处理NS组的幼崽但用温柔的处理15分钟取代3小时的分离。
百分之五十居住笼的污染的垫褥被每周一次替换为干净的垫褥。
实验方案
在出生后15天,一定将幼崽与它们的母亲分开。然后将来自各组的幼崽根据重量随机打乱并分成2组MS和两组NS动物。来自四组中各组的幼崽住在一起(每笼8只动物)直到出生后21天。然后将它们分开饲养至实验结束。
从出生后15天到出生后36天,动物随意获取对照(MS-C组和NS-C组)或具添加剂的食谱(MS-S和NS-S)。每天早上更换新鲜食物。
在出生后36天,30分钟禁食之后和处死前150分钟通过内部胃管饲法使动物获得1ml/100g体重的透性探针溶液。该溶液含有100mg/mlFITC-Dextran 70KDa(Sigma FD-70S)和20mg/ml辣根过氧化物酶(II型HRP,Sigma P8250)。
处死时用异氟烷麻醉动物。从背主动脉采血样。通过离心获得血浆并 在数小时内用于分析透性探针。
食谱
从出生后15天到出生后36天,用营养适合的半合成食谱(改良的AIN93G)喂养动物,表1给出食谱的组成。补充的(S)食谱包含下面的功能性成分:类干酪乳杆菌CNCM I-2116(所谓的ST11)(×1010ST11 100g食谱)、0.4g/100g食谱的低聚果糖(FOS,Raftiline HP,Orafti SA,比利时),3.6g/100g食谱的低聚半乳糖(GOS,Vivinal GOS 10,Borculo DomoIngredients,荷兰)、2g/100g脂肪酸的花生四烯酸(AA,ARASCO,Martek,美国)和2g/100g脂肪酸的二十二碳六烯酸(DHA,DHASCO,Martek,美国)。对照(C)食谱含有代替ST11的新鲜MRS、代替寡糖的麦芽糖糊精(Glucidex D12,Roquette Freres,法国)和乳糖(Fluka,61340)以及代替DHASCO和ARASCO的提高含量的可可脂和玉米油。
新鲜的食谱每周制备,用前置于铝袋中在氮气和负压下冷冻于-20℃,按照每天的剂量分发。
表1.食谱构成
对照食谱 补充食谱
每100g食谱
K-酪蛋白酸盐(g) 20.00 20.00
玉米淀粉(g) 32.95 32.95
麦芽糖糊精(g) 20.74 12.58
蔗糖(g) 10.00 10.00
乳糖(g) 4.26 -------
Raftilin HP(g) ------- -0.42
Vivinal GOS 10(g) ------- -12.00
脂肪混合物(g)(组成见下 7.00 7.00
文)
矿物质混合物(AIN-93-G) 3.50 3.50
(g)
维生素混合物(AIN-93-VX) 1.00 1.00
(g)
L-半光氨酸(g) 0.30 0.30
Cholinhydrogentartrate 0.25 0.25
DAB 10(g)
MRS(ml) 0.80 -------
ST11培养物(5×0.8
1010cfu/ml)(ml)
脂肪混合物: g/100g脂肪混合物
大豆油 25.12 26.44
Tris un80 ------ 2.59
可可脂 30.26 27.12
玉米油 44.63 34.22
ARASCO ------- 4.70
DHASCO ------- 4.93
在动物血浆中分析透性探针。用荧光计在λex 485nm/λex 535nm评估FITC葡聚糖浓度。施用TNB底物(Sigma T0440)分析HRP,在340nm处测量反应产物OD值。
统计数字
数据显示为平均值±SEM。在每组中检测数据的正态性和同方差性。通过双功能ANOVA(双因子:新生儿应急和食谱)和随后的Fisher最低有效差异(LSD)来评估组间差异。
结果
结果见图1。如所预期的那样,遭受与母亲分离方案(MS-C对NS-C)的动物中超向于具有更高的葡聚糖和HRP浓度。相反地,用具添加剂的食谱喂养的MS动物与用对照食谱喂养的MS动物相比(MS-S对MS-C) 有或趋向于有更低的葡聚糖和HRP浓度,并且与未遭受新生儿应急的动物没有显著差异。
结论是大鼠中与母亲分离可以提高肠对蛋白质及其他大分子的通透性,且含有LC-PUFA、寡糖和一种乳酸菌的功能性成分混合物将肠通透性维持在正常水平。
实施例2:低出生体重婴儿配方
该配方有如下组成(每100g粉末):总脂肪24g、总蛋白质14.4g、总碳水化合物55.9g、富含AA油(真菌)0.87g、富含DHA油(低EPA鱼油)0.44g、FOS/菊糖(70/30)12g、嗜热链球菌Th4(Chris Hansen)(冻干粉末10E12cfu/g)0.1g、雷特斯双歧杆菌ATCC 27536(冻干粉,5×10E12cfu/g)0.15g、精胺/亚精胺混合物(1/1)0.1mg、钠180mg、钾530mg、氯化物280mg、磷320mg、钙490mg、镁54mg、锰34μg、维生素A 1500IU、维生素D 490IU、维生素E 9.8IU、维生素C 79mg、维生素K159μg、维生素B10.29mg、维生素B20.66mg、维生素B60.37mg、烟酸4.9mg、叶酸290μg、泛酸2.3mg、维生素B121.1μg、生物素11μg、胆碱37mg、肌醇22mg、牛磺酸39mg、肉碱7.9mg、铁7.4mg、碘49μg、铜0.44mg和锌3.7mg。
通过将142g粉末与900ml水混合产生1L可直接引用的制品重建该配方。上文给出的组合物可变化以适应关于特定成分数量的局部指示。可根据年龄添加足够数量的其他微量元素(例如硅、铬、钼、氟化物)。
实施例3:初始配方
用于婴儿(出生后4-5个月)的初始配方以粉末形式制备。该配方有如下组成(每100g粉末):总脂肪25.8g、总蛋白质11.5g、总碳水化合物57.8g、富含AA油(真菌)1g、富含DHA油(低EPA鱼油)1g、FOS/菊糖(70/30)12g、类干酪乳杆菌CNCM I-2116(喷雾干燥粉末,10E12cfu/g)0.1g、长双歧杆菌BB536(Morinaga)(喷雾干燥粉末5×10E12cfu/g)0.1g、钠120mg、钾460mg、氯化物360mg、磷160mg、钙320mg、镁35mg、 锰40μg、维生素A 1500IU、维生素D 310IU、维生素E 6.1IU、维生素C 41mg、维生素K142μg、维生素B10.31mg、维生素B20.69mg、维生素B60.38mg、烟酸3.8mg、叶酸46μg、泛酸2.3mg、维生素B121.1μg、生物素11μg、胆碱38mg、肌醇23mg、牛磺酸41mg、肉碱8.2mg、铁6.1mg、碘25μg、铜0.31mg和锌3.8mg。
通过将132g粉末与900ml水混合产生1L可直接引用的制品重建该配方。上文给出的组合物可变化以适应关于特定成分数量的局部指示。可根据年龄添加足够数量的其他微量元素(例如硅、铬、钼、氟化物)。
实施例4:初始婴儿配方
初始婴儿配方如实施例3那样制备,但是用0.5g的唾液乳糖代替FOS/菊糖。在该配方中,一半的总蛋白质以广泛的乳清蛋白质水解产物的形式提供。
Claims (17)
1.营养组合物,其包含至少一种选自LC-PUFA或神经节苷脂或非消化性寡糖的物质的组合,并且所述物质与至少一种微生物结合,该营养组合物的数量足以诱导与母乳喂养中观察到的模式相似的肠道屏障成熟,其中所述微生物将所述物质递送到肠道的特定部分。
2.根据权利要求1的营养组合物,其还促进了肠道屏障成熟、确保婴儿最佳屏障功能和/或保持肠道屏障稳态。
3.根据权利要求1或2的组合物,其中所述微生物为乳酸菌、双歧杆菌、链球菌、足球菌、肠球菌、乳球菌、Oenococci、葡萄球菌、类杆菌、酵母或其混合物。
4.根据权利要求1或2的组合物,其中微生物为双歧杆菌CNCMI-2170、双歧杆菌CNCM I-2168、双歧杆菌CNCM I-2169、约氏乳杆菌CNCM I-1225、类干酪乳杆菌CNCM I-2116、雷特斯双歧杆菌ATCC27536、长双歧杆菌BB536或其混合物。
5.根据权利要求1或2的组合物,其中非消化性寡糖选自低聚果糖、低聚半乳糖、唾液酸寡糖、低聚木糖、菊糖、阿拉伯胶、瓜尔胶、抗性淀粉和/或来自乳的寡糖。
6.根据权利要求1或2的组合物,其中LC-PUFA为花生四烯酸或二十二碳六烯酸,和/或神经节苷脂是来自水牛乳的脱乳糖的乳清中包含的那些。
7.根据权利要求1的组合物,其中非消化性寡糖选自低聚果糖、低聚半乳糖、唾液酸寡糖、低聚木糖、菊糖、阿拉伯胶、瓜尔胶、抗性淀粉和/或来自乳的寡糖;LC-PUFA为花生四烯酸或二十二碳六烯酸和/或神经节苷脂是来自水牛乳的脱乳糖的乳清中包含的那些;且所述组合物还促进了肠道屏障成熟、确保婴儿最佳屏障功能和/或保持肠道屏障稳态。
8.根据权利要求1的组合物,其中微生物为双歧杆菌CNCM I-2170、双歧杆菌CNCM I-2168、双歧杆菌CNCM I-2169、约氏乳杆菌CNCMI-1225、类干酪乳杆菌CNCM I-2116、雷特斯双歧杆菌ATCC 27536、长双歧杆菌BB536或其混合物;非消化性寡糖选自低聚果糖、低聚半乳糖、唾液酸寡糖、低聚木糖、菊糖、阿拉伯胶、瓜尔胶、抗性淀粉和/或来自乳的寡糖;LC-PUFA为花生四烯酸或二十二碳六烯酸和/或神经节苷脂是来自水牛乳的脱乳糖的乳清中包含的那些;且所述组合物还促进了肠道屏障成熟、确保婴儿最佳屏障功能和/或保持肠道屏障稳态。
9.根据权利要求1或2的组合物,其中该组合物为消费者可接受产品形式。
10.根据权利要求9的组合物,其中所述形式为可吞咽的载体或支持物,这类载体或支持物是药物或食品或宠物食品组合物。
11.根据权利要求1或2的组合物,其中该组合物的形式为完全食谱、添加剂或药物。
12.根据权利要求1或2的组合物,其中该组合物为低出生体重、初始或断奶后婴儿配方或幼儿食品。
13.至少一种选自LC-PUFA或神经节苷脂或非消化性寡糖的物质与微生物结合的组合的用途,用于制备旨在于生理或心理应激后维持肠道屏障稳定的组合物,其中所述微生物将所述物质递送到肠道的特定部分。
14.至少一种选自LC-PUFA或神经节苷脂或非消化性寡糖的物质与微生物结合的组合用于制备组合物的用途,所述组合物旨在诱导与母乳喂养中观察到的模式相似的肠道屏障成熟,其中所述微生物将所述物质递送到肠道的特定部分。
15.根据权利要求13或14的用途,还确保婴儿最佳屏障功能。
16.根据权利要求13或14的用途,还降低产生过敏和感染的危险。
17.根据权利要求13或14的用途,其中组合物是根据权利要求1到12中任一项的组合物。
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US (1) | US8394370B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1638416B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1863463B (zh) |
AR (1) | AR044888A1 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2530437C (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2416287T3 (zh) |
PL (1) | PL1638416T3 (zh) |
PT (1) | PT1638416E (zh) |
TW (1) | TWI342779B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2004112509A2 (zh) |
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AR044888A1 (es) | 2005-10-05 |
PT1638416E (pt) | 2013-07-08 |
US20070104700A1 (en) | 2007-05-10 |
WO2004112509A2 (en) | 2004-12-29 |
US8394370B2 (en) | 2013-03-12 |
EP1638416B1 (en) | 2013-05-01 |
WO2004112509A3 (en) | 2006-08-03 |
EP1638416A2 (en) | 2006-03-29 |
TWI342779B (en) | 2011-06-01 |
CN1863463A (zh) | 2006-11-15 |
CA2530437C (en) | 2011-11-15 |
TW200507863A (en) | 2005-03-01 |
ES2416287T3 (es) | 2013-07-31 |
CA2530437A1 (en) | 2004-12-29 |
PL1638416T3 (pl) | 2013-09-30 |
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