CN1855244A

CN1855244A - Method and apparatus for managing disc defect and disc therefor

Info

Publication number: CN1855244A
Application number: CN 200610080191
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李坰根; 高祯完; 黄盛凞
Original assignee: Samsung Electronics Co Ltd
Current assignee: Samsung Electronics Co Ltd
Priority date: 2003-03-03
Filing date: 2004-02-27
Publication date: 2006-11-01
Anticipated expiration: 2024-02-27
Also published as: CN100403413C; HK1097342A1

Abstract

A write once disc includes a defect management area that is present in at least one of a lead-in area and a lead-out area; a temporary defect management area that is present in at least one of the lead-in area and the lead-out area; and a drive & disc information area that is present in at least one of the lead-in area and the lead-out area. Information regarding the locations of temporary defect information and temporary defect management information is recorded in the drive & disc information area, the temporary defect information and temporary defect management information, which includes drive & disc information, are recorded in the temporary defect management area, and temporary defect information and temporary defect management information, which are lastly recorded in the temporary defect management area, are recorded in the defect management area for disc finalization.

Description

The method and apparatus and the dish thereof that are used for managing disc defect

The application is to be title the dividing an application for No. 200480000874.1 application of " method and apparatus and the dish thereof that are used for managing disc defect " on February 27th, 2004 to the applying date that China Intellectual Property Office submits to.

Technical field

The present invention relates to defect management, more particularly, relate to a kind of dish and a kind of disc defect management method and equipment thereof with the temporary defect management area territory that wherein records driver and dish information.

Background technology

Defect management is to be stored in data rewrite in the user data area of the dish that wherein has defective to the processing of the new portion of the data field of dish, thus the loss of data that compensation is caused by defective.Usually, use linear replacement method or slip replacement method to carry out defect management.In linearity replacement method, wherein exist the user data area of defective not had the preliminary data district of defective to replace.In slip replacement method, the user data area with defective is slided, and does not have next user data area of defective to be used.

Yet the two all only can be applied to linear replacement method and slip replacement method such as data repeatedly being write down thereon and can using method of random access to come the dish of the DVD-RAM/RW of executive logging.In other words, conventional linear and slip replacement method can not be employed and only allow record Write-once disc once thereon.Particularly, go up and determine whether data correctly to be recorded in the existence that detects defective in the dish on the dish by data being recorded in dish usually.Yet,, override new data and wherein defective of management is impossible in case data are recorded on the Write-once disc.

After the exploitation of Write-once disc compact disk (CD)-R and digital universal disc (DVD)-R, the high density Write-once disc with recording capacity of tens of GB is introduced into.Because it is not expensive and allow the random access of read operation fast, so this type of dish can be used as standby dish.Yet defect management can not be used for Write-once disc.Therefore, when detecting defect area when (that is, having the district of defective) during backup operation, backup operation can be terminated.And, when system manager's inoperation system, (for example, night) execution backup operation when system is not frequently used.In the case, thus more likely be because the defect area backup operation that detects Write-once disc will be terminated.

Simultaneously, and when other data will be recorded on the recordable disc (, in the time will only allowing data reproduction), write protection information is recorded in dish and is upward wiped with the data that placement is recorded on the dish by mistake.Yet, in case write protection information is recorded, no longer allow record, and therefore, can not manage possible disc defect.That is, owing to after the record write protection information, in the data field of dish, do not allow record, so can not carry out defect management.

Summary of the invention

An aspect of of the present present invention provides a kind of Write-once disc and a kind of disc defect management method and equipment thereof.

But even an aspect of of the present present invention also provide a kind of Write-once disc and a kind of during the recording operation when detecting disc defect also managing disc defect, allow the executive logging operation and do not have the disc defect management method and the equipment of interruption.

An aspect of of the present present invention also provides a kind of dish and a kind of disc defect management method and equipment thereof that can change the write protection information that has write down on it.

Even an aspect of of the present present invention also provides a kind of dish and a kind of disc defect management method and equipment thereof that also allows defect management on it after the record write protection information.

An aspect of of the present present invention also provides a kind of dish and a kind of disc defect management method and equipment that is stored in the reliability on the dish that increases.

Others of the present invention and/or advantage will partly be set forth below, and will partly become clear from describe, and maybe can be understood by practice of the present invention.

According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of Write-once disc comprises: single-recordng-layer sequentially has Lead-In Area, data field and leading-out zone; Defect management at least one of Lead-In Area and leading-out zone; Temporary defect management area at least one of Lead-In Area and leading-out zone; And driver at least one of Lead-In Area and leading-out zone and dish block of information, wherein, information about the position of temporary defect information and temporary defect management information is recorded in driver and the dish block of information, temporary defect information and comprise driver and the temporary defect management information of dish information is recorded in temporary defect management area, and the temporary defect information and the temporary defect management information that are lastly recorded in the temporary defect management area are recorded in defect management during the finishing of dish.

According to a further aspect in the invention, a kind of Write-once disc has: first recording layer that sequentially has Lead-In Area, data field and leading-out zone; Second recording layer that sequentially has outside area, data field and leading-out zone; Defect management at least one of Lead-In Area, leading-out zone and outside area; Temporary defect management area at least one of Lead-In Area, leading-out zone and outside area; And driver at least one of Lead-In Area, leading-out zone and outside area and dish block of information, wherein, temporary defect information is recorded in temporary defect management area with the temporary defect management information that comprises driver and dish information, for finishing of coiling, the temporary defect information and the temporary defect management information that are lastly recorded in the temporary defect management area are recorded in defect management, and are recorded in driver and the dish block of information about the information of the position of temporary defect information and temporary defect management information.

According to an aspect of the present invention, write protection information also is recorded in driver and coils the block of information and be recorded at each recording operation.

According to an aspect of the present invention, driver and dish information comprise at least one of write protection information and test position information.

According to a further aspect in the invention, a kind of method of managing disc defect comprises: will be recorded in several times in the temporary defect management area of dish as i temporary defect information about the information of the defective in the data in the data field that is recorded in dish according to the i recording operation; The information that will be used for managing i temporary defect information is recorded in temporary defect management area as i temporary defect management information; To be recorded in about the information of the position of i temporary defect information and temporary defect management information in the driver and dish block of information of dish; When increase is given to the index of recording operation, temporary defect information and temporary defect management information, at least once repeat to i temporary defect recording of information, to the record of i temporary defect management information with to recording of information about the position; And for finishing of coiling, in the temporary defect information of record at last and defect management device that of temporary defect management information is recorded in dish.

According to an aspect of the present invention, this method also comprise with write protection information be recorded in driver and the dish block of information.

During the record first temporary defect management information, this i temporary defect management information is recorded to comprise at least one of test position information and write protection information.

According to a further aspect in the invention, a kind of record and/or reproducer comprise: record/read unit, owing to data are recorded in that dish is gone up or from the dish reading of data; And controller, be used for controlling recording/read the unit: will be recorded in the temporary defect management area of dish as temporary defect information about the information of the defective in the data that are recorded in the data field; To be used for managing temporary defect management of information information and be recorded in temporary defect management area as temporary defect management information, this management information also comprises driver and dish information; To be recorded in about the information of the position of temporary defect information and temporary defect management information in the driver and dish block of information of dish; And the temporary defect information that will write down at last during dish is finished and temporary defect management information are recorded in the defect management of dish.

According to an aspect of the present invention; controller controlling recording/read the unit also write protection information is recorded in driver and the dish information; controlling recording/read unit is with at each recording operation record temporary defect information and temporary defect management information, and controlling recording/read unit at each recording operation record temporary defect management information to comprise test position information and write protection information.

Description of drawings

By carrying out embodiment is described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, above-mentioned and/or other aspects of the present invention and advantage will become apparent and easier quilt is understood, wherein:

Fig. 1 is according to the record of the embodiment of the invention and/or the block scheme of reproducer;

Fig. 2 A to 2D illustrates the structure according to the dish of the embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 3 A illustrates the data structure at the dish shown in Fig. 2 A to 2D according to the embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 3 B illustrates driver that has as shown in Figure 3A and the data structure of coiling the dish of block of information, temporary defect management area (TDMA) and defect management (DMA);

Fig. 4 A to 4D illustrates the data structure of wherein having carried out the TDMA of defect management according to the embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 5 A and 5B illustrate the data structure according to the TDMA that does not wherein carry out defect management of the embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 6 A and 6B illustrate the data structure according to the temporary defect management information TDDS#i of the embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 7 illustrates the data structure according to the temporary defect information TDFL#i of the embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 8 A and 8B illustrate the data structure according to the driver of the embodiment of the invention and dish block of information;

Fig. 9 illustrates and is used for explaining figure at the record of the data of user data area A and spare area B according to the embodiment of the invention;

Figure 10 is the figure that illustrates according to effective use of the data field of the embodiment of the invention;

Figure 11 illustrates according to the temporary defect information TDFL#0 of the embodiment of the invention and the data structure of TDFL#1;

Figure 12 illustrates the data structure about the information of defective #i according to the embodiment of the invention;

Figure 13 A and 13B show the process flow diagram according to the disc defect management method of the embodiment of the invention; And

Figure 14 A and 14B show the process flow diagram of disc defect management method according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Embodiment

Below, be described in more detail embodiments of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein, identical label refers to identity element all the time.Below embodiment is described so that explain the present invention by the reference accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 is according to the record of the embodiment of the invention and/or the block scheme of reproducer.With reference to Fig. 1, this record and/or reproducer comprise record/read unit 1, controller 2 and storer 3.This record/read unit 1 data are recorded on the dish 100, dish 100 is the information storage mediums according to the embodiment of the invention, record/read unit 1 also from coiling the accuracy of 100 readback datas with the data of calibration tails.The defect management that controller 2 is carried out according to the embodiment of the invention, and controlling recording/read unit 1 write protection information is recorded on the dish 100.In this embodiment, controller 2 uses verify-after-write method, in the method, with the unit of tentation data data are recorded on the dish 100, and whether the accuracy of the data of record is had defective by verification with the district of detection dish 100.

Specifically be that controller 2 is that unit record is being coiled on 100 with the recording operation with user data, and the user data of calibration tails is to detect the district of the dish 100 that wherein has defective.Thereafter, controller 2 generates the information of position that expression has the district of defective, and the expression that will generate has the information stores of position in district of defective in storer 3.When canned data reached predetermined amount, controller 2 recorded canned data on the dish 100 as temporary defect information.If the user does not carry out defect management, then controller 2 only records temporary defect management information (will explain below) on the dish 100.

Usually, recording operation is the operating unit that determines according to user's intention, or with the writing task that is performed.According to illustrated embodiment, recording operation represents that its mid-game 100 is loaded into record and/or reproducer, data are recorded on the dish 100 and coil 100 by the process of taking out from record and/or reproducer.During recording operation, data are recorded and verification is once at least: usually, data be recorded and verification several times.The defect information of using verify-after-write method to obtain is temporarily stored in the storer 3 as temporary defect information.Yet, should be appreciated that, of the present invention whole aspect, recording operation can be limited in addition, and/or data do not need by verification several times.

When the user presses record and/or the eject key (not shown) of reproducer so that after record data during displacement disc 100, or when recording operation is stopped in addition, controller 2 expectation recording operations terminations.Next, controller 2 reads information from storer 3, and the information that reads is provided to record/read unit 1, and controlling recording/read unit 1 information that reads is recorded on the dish 100.And, as will explaining below, the driver and the dish block of information that are recorded in dish 100 about the information and the write protection information of temporary defect information and temporary defect management information.

When finishing the record of data (, other data will not be recorded on the dish 100, and coiling 100 need be done), controller 2 controlling recording/read unit 1 temporary defect information and the temporary defect management information that writes down is recorded in the defect management (DMA) of dish 100 as defect management information.

At reproduction period, controller 2 controlling recording/read unit 1 reads about the information that is recorded in the defective in the data the data field as temporary defect information from coiling 100 temporary defect management area (TDMA).Controller 2 further controlling recording/read unit 1 reads and is used for managing temporary defect management of information information as temporary defect management information from coiling 100 TDMA.The management information that reads comprises driver and dish information.Controller 2 controlling recording/read unit 1 reads information about the position of temporary defect information and temporary defect management information from coiling 100 dish and drive information area.And under dish 100 situations about being done, controller 2 controlling recording/read unit 1 reads the temporary defect information of last record and the temporary defect management information of last record from coil 100 defect management (DMA).Controller 2 is controlling recording/read unit 1 to read write protection information and test position information from driver and dish information also.

Fig. 2 A to 2D illustrates the structure according to the dish among Fig. 1 of the embodiment of the invention 100.Fig. 2 A is shown specifically the dish 100 (single record layer disc) with recording layer L0.Dish 100 comprises Lead-In Area, data field and leading-out zone.Lead-In Area is positioned at the inside part of dish 100, and leading-out zone is positioned at the Outboard Sections of dish 100.The data field and is divided into user data area and spare area between Lead-In Area and leading-out zone.User data area is the district of user data wherein.The spare area is the replacement district that is used to have the user data area of defective, and is used for compensating because the losing of the recording areas that defective causes.That is, the spare area is used to defect management according to an aspect of the present invention, thereby when defective was present in the data that write down in user data area, then these data were recorded in the spare area once more.

Except the data field comprised two spare areas, the data structure of the dish 100 shown in Fig. 2 B was identical with the data structure of the dish 100 shown in Fig. 2 A.Therefore, the description in each district shown in Fig. 2 B will be omitted.In Fig. 2 B, the spare area is positioned on the limit of user data area.In the illustrated embodiment, the spare area between Lead-In Area and user data area will be known as inboard spare area, and the spare area between user data area and the leading-out zone will be known as spare area, the outside.Yet, should be appreciated that other spare area can be used, and/or be arranged in the inboard and the district the LHA of user data area.

Fig. 2 C illustrates the dish 100 (double record layer disc) with the first and second recording layer L0 and L1.The first recording layer L0 has Lead-In Area, data field and the LHA that sequentially forms to Outboard Sections from the inside part of the first recording layer L0.And the second recording layer L1 has LHA, data field and the leading-out zone that sequentially forms to inside part from the Outboard Sections of the second recording layer L1.Be different from the single record layer disc shown in Fig. 2 A and the 2B, leading-out zone is present in the inside part of the dish 100 among Fig. 2 B.That is, the dish 100 of Fig. 2 B has backlight path (OTP), wherein data by since the Lead-In Area of the first recording layer L0 towards its LHA, and continue to come record to its leading-out zone from the LHA of the second recording layer L0.The spare area is assigned to each of recording layer L0 and L1.

Each comprises that also thereby another spare area coils 100 and comprises four spare areas except the first recording layer L0 and the second recording layer L1, and the data structure of the dish 100 among dish 100 data structures shown in Fig. 2 D and Fig. 2 C is identical.Therefore, will omit the description of each spare area at this.The spare area is formed on the limit of user data area of the first and second recording layer L0 and L1.In this is open, the spare area adjacent with the inside part of dish 100 will be known as inboard spare area, and the spare area adjacent with the Outboard Sections of dish 100 will be known as spare area, the outside.If desired, the part of user data area can be used as another spare area.The position of spare area and quantity are not limited to above description.

Fig. 3 A illustrates the structure at the dish 100 shown in Fig. 2 A to 2D according to the embodiment of the invention.With reference to Fig. 3 A, are the single record layer disc 100 shown in Fig. 2 A and the 2B as fruit tray 100, then driver and dish block of information, DMA and interim DMA (TDMA) are present at least one of the Lead-In Area of dish 100 and leading-out zone.As fruit tray 100 are the double record layer disc 100 shown in Fig. 2 C and the 2D, then driver and dish block of information, DMA and TDMA are present at least one of Lead-In Area, leading-out zone and LHA, and are preferably located in respectively in the Lead-In Area and leading-out zone of inside part of dish 100.Yet, should be appreciated that driver and dish block of information can be positioned at others of the present invention in addition.

In driver and dish block of information, existence about be used to write and/or the information of the record of the driver of read operation, about the information (for example, this dish is single record layer disc or double record layer disc) of dish with about the information of the position of the tested test section of record condition wherein.Especially, dish information specifies defect management according to an aspect of the present invention.For example, dish information can comprise positional information and the write protection information about temporary defect information and temporary defect management information.Yet, should be appreciated that driver can comprise the other information relevant with dish information with driver with the dish block of information.

Usually, DMA comprise with management dish 100 in the relevant information of disc defect.This information comprise the dish 100 that is used for defect management structure, the record position of defect information, whether defect management is carried out and the position and the size of spare area.In TDMA, record is about the information of disc defect before dish is finished.Comprise driver and dish the information information and the write protection information of the position of test section (that is, about) about the information of disc defect.

Usually, the record that is loaded into the equipment shown in Fig. 1 when dish 100/when reading equipment, this equipment be from coiling 100 Lead-In Area and leading-out zone reading of data, determining how to manage dish 100 and data are recorded on the dish 100, or from coiling reading of data 100.Yet if the data volume that is recorded in Lead-In Area and/or the leading-out zone increases, the long time is spent in the record of preparing data or reproduces after the dish 100 of packing into.For head it off, an aspect of of the present present invention is used the temporary defect management information and the temporary defect information that will be recorded among the TDMA.TDMA is assigned to the Lead-In Area and/or the leading-out zone of the dish that separates with DMA.That is, when coiling upward (that is, needing dish to finish) when other data not being recorded in, only last defect information and the defect management information that writes down is recorded among the DMA, so makes the record/equipment of reading only to read the only defect management information of last record from DMA.Therefore, can the initialization of acceleration dish.And, owing to defect management information is recorded in a plurality of districts, so can increase the reliability of information.

According to an aspect of the present invention, defect management information, be recorded in driver and the dish block of information about the positional information of temporary defect information and temporary defect management information and write protection information.Therefore, the record/equipment of reading reads positional information from driver and dish block of information, and therefore can visit DMA more quickly based on the positional information that reads.That is, can more effectively carry out defect management based on this positional information.

And this driver and dish information (comprising positional information and write protection information about the test section) are recorded in the temporary defect management information.Therefore, though disk drive not access drivers and the dish block of information, also can from temporary defect management area, obtain positional information and write protection information about the test section.Comprise in the temporary defect management information that test position information makes it possible to search out fast the pointer at test position information.

In the embodiment shown, owing to use linear replacement method to carry out defect management,, temporary defect information has the information of position in district of dish 100 of defective and expression information as the position in the district of the replacement dish 100 in district with defective so comprising expression.More preferably be that temporary defect information comprises that also the expression defective appears in the single defect block or the information in the continuous defect block.Temporary defect management information is used to managing temporary defect information, and comprises that expression wherein write down the information of position of the dish 100 of temporary defect information.More preferably be that temporary defect management information also comprises about the positional information of test section and write protection information.To explain the detailed data structure of temporary defect information and temporary defect management information below.

In the embodiment shown, when recording operation finished, temporary defect information and temporary defect management information were recorded at every turn.In TDMA, therefore, be registered as temporary defect information #0 about information that appears at the defective in the data that during recording operation #0, write down and the information of distinguishing about replacement.Be registered as temporary defect information #1 about information that appears at the defective in the data that during recording operation #1, write down and the information of distinguishing about replacement.And the information that is used for managing temporary defect information #0, #1... is recorded in TDMA as temporary defect management information #0, #1....When other data can not be recorded in the data field or when the user do not wish with other data recording therein (, data do not need to be done) time, the temporary defect information that is recorded in the temporary defect block of information is re-written among the DMA with the temporary defect management information that is recorded in the temporary defect management information area.

In the embodiment shown, be included in before whole defect information among the temporary defect information #0, #1, #2..., #i-1 of record also be comprised among the temporary defect information #i.Therefore, only by reading the defect information among the temporary defect information #i that is included in last record and the temporary defect information #i that reads being rewritten to finish dish among the DMA 100 be easy.Yet, should be appreciated that, the present invention whole aspect, the defect information before temporary defect information #i does not need to comprise.

Under situation such as the compact disc with tens GB recording capacities 100 of Blu-ray disc or Advanced Optical Disc (AOD), can expect one bunch be assigned to temporary defect management information #i be recorded to wherein the district and four to eight bunches be assigned to temporary defect information #i and be recorded to wherein district.This be because, though during only a few KB of the amount of temporary defect information #i, when the minimal physical unit that writes down is bunch bunch being that the unit record fresh information is preferred with lastest imformation.When aspect all when not required, the total amount of the defective that allows in dish is preferably 5% of about disk recording capacity.For example, the information about defective considered be about 8 byte longs and bunch size be 64KB, #i needs about four to eight bunches for record temporary defect information.Yet, should be appreciated that, aspect the present invention is whole in, can use the additional number percent of disk recording capacity as required, and during fresh information do not need to be recorded in bunch.

Also can carry out verify-after-write method to temporary defect information #i and temporary defect management information #i.When defective was detected, the information in the district of the dish 100 with defective of being recorded in can be used linear replacement method and be recorded in the spare area, or used slip replacement method and be recorded in the district adjacent with TDMA.

In the embodiment shown, driver is the district that separates with the dish block of information with TDMA.Yet, should be appreciated that this district can be formed single district.Under the situation below, a part of driver that need be updated and dish the information positional information and the write protection information of test section (for example, about) are updated and with temporary defect management information record.

Fig. 3 B illustrates driver that has as shown in Fig. 3 A and the data structure of coiling the dish 100 of block of information, TDMA and DMA.With reference to Fig. 3 B, two DMA, DMA1 and DMA2 are formed to increase the fastness of defect management information, defect information and write protection information.Fig. 3 B show temporary defect management area TDMA, wherein the record condition of determination data test section Test and wherein record driver and dish information and the buffer zone that is located at DMA DMA1 next door cushion driver and the panel driver and the dish information on 2 next doors.Buffering 1, buffering 2 and to cushion 3 are districts of buffering as the border in each district of expression.Dish 100 according to the embodiment of the invention can comprise a plurality of drivers and dish block of information.

Fig. 4 A to 4D illustrates wherein the data structure of wherein having carried out the TDMA of defect management according to the embodiment of the invention.With reference to Fig. 4 A, TDMA logically is divided into temporary defect block of information and temporary defect management information area.In the temporary defect block of information, temporary defect information TDFL#0, TDFL#1, TDFL#2 ... be sequentially recorded towards end from the beginning in this district, thereby the physics of temporary defect information or logical address increase.Temporary defect information TDFL#0, TDFL#1, TDFL#2 ... be repeated to write down several times to increase the fastness of information.Especially, Fig. 4 A illustrates record temporary defect information TDFL#0 P time.In the temporary defect management information area, temporary defect management information TDDS#0, TDDS#1, TDDS#2 ... by from the beginning in district record sequentially.Temporary defect management information TDDS#0, TDDS#1 and TDDS#2 ... respectively corresponding to temporary defect information TDFL#0, TDFL#1, TDFL#2 ....

With reference to Fig. 4 B, with Fig. 4 A relatively, TDMA also is divided into temporary defect block of information and temporary defect management information area by logic.Yet, the order difference of recorded information.More particularly, in the temporary defect block of information, temporary defect information TDFL#0, TDFL#1, TDFL#2 ... be recorded towards beginning from the end in this district, thereby the physics of temporary defect information or logical address reduce.Similarly, temporary defect information TDFL#0, TDFL#1, TDFL#2 ... be repeated to write down several times to increase the fastness of information.Especially, Fig. 4 B illustrates record temporary defect information TDFL#0 P time.In the temporary defect management information area, temporary defect management information TDDS#0, TDDS#1, TDDS#2 ... by from the end in district record sequentially.Temporary defect management information TDDS#0, TDDS#1 and TDDS#2 ... respectively corresponding to temporary defect information TDFL#0, TDFL#1, TDFL#2 ....

With reference to Fig. 4 C, corresponding temporary defect information and temporary defect management information as information to being recorded among the TDMA.More particularly, temporary management information TDMA#0, TDMA#1 ....By from the beginning of TDMA record sequentially, thereby the physics of temporary management information or logical address increase.Temporary management information TDMA#0 comprises a pair of corresponding temporary defect management information TDDS#0 and temporary defect information TDFL#0, and temporary management information TDMA#1 comprises a pair of corresponding temporary defect management information TDDS#1 and temporary defect information TDFL#1.Temporary defect information TDFL#0, TDFL#1, TDFL#2 ... be repeated to write down several times to increase the fastness of information.Especially, Fig. 4 C illustrates record temporary defect information TDFL#0 P time.

With reference to Fig. 4 D, compare with the TDMA of Fig. 4 C, corresponding temporary defect information and temporary defect management information as information to being recorded among the TDMA.Yet, the order difference of recorded information.More particularly, in TDMA, temporary management information TDMA#0, TDMA#1 ... begin and be sequentially recorded from the end of TDMA, thereby the physics of temporary management information or logical address reduce.Temporary management information TDMA#0 comprises a pair of corresponding temporary defect management information TDDS#0 and temporary defect information TDFL#0, and temporary management information TDMA#1 comprises a pair of corresponding temporary defect management information TDDS#1 and temporary defect information TDFL#1.Similarly, temporary defect information TDFL#0, TDFL#1, TDFL#2 ... be repeated to write down several times to increase the fastness of information.Especially, Fig. 4 D illustrates record temporary defect information TDFL#0 P time.

Fig. 5 A and 5B illustrate the data structure according to the TDMA that does not wherein carry out defect management of the embodiment of the invention.With reference to Fig. 5 A, when user's decision was not carried out defect management, temporary defect management information was recorded among the TDMA with recording operation unit.More particularly, temporary defect management information TDDS#0, TDDS#1 ... be recorded from the beginning of TDMA, thereby the physics of temporary defect management information or logical address increase.

With reference to Fig. 5 B, when user's decision was not carried out defect management, temporary defect management information was that unit is recorded among the TDMA with the recording operation.Yet, be different from Fig. 5 A, from TDDS#0, TDDS#1 ... the temporary defect management information of beginning begins and is recorded from the end of TDMA, thereby the physics of temporary defect management information or logical address reduce.

Fig. 6 A and 6B illustrate the data structure of temporary defect management information TDDS#i.In detail, Fig. 6 A illustrates the data structure of the temporary defect management information TDDS#i on the single record layer disc 100 that is recorded in shown in Fig. 2 A and 2B.Temporary defect management information TDDS#i comprise the identifier that is used for temporary defect management information TDDS#i and about with the information of the corresponding position of temporary defect information TDFL#i.As explaining with reference to Fig. 4 A to 4D before, temporary defect information TDFL#i according to an aspect of the present invention is repeated record several times.Therefore, comprise corresponding pointer about the information of the position of temporary defect information TDFL#i, and each pointer is corresponding to the record position of each temporary defect information TDFL#i with temporary defect information TDFL#i.Temporary defect management information TDDS#i shown in Fig. 5 A comprises P pointer corresponding to the temporary defect information TDFL#i of P record.

And, be recorded in that temporary defect management information TDDS#i on the single record layer disc 100 describes the address of the user data in the user data area be lastly recorded in recording layer L0 and as the address in the replacement district in the spare area that is lastly recorded in recording layer L0.Therefore, only with reference to the user data area and the replacement district of last record, the user is utilization dish 100 easily.

Temporary defect management information TDDS#i also comprises test position information #i and write protection information #i.Therefore, even disk drive not access drivers and dish block of information or do not carry out defect management can not detected testable district yet and are directly visited testable district when scanning the test section of wherein test record condition.And, can avoid record in the district of not expecting.

To describe in more detail now test position information will be included in reason in the temporary defect management information.As mentioned above, temporary management information comprises temporary defect management information and temporary defect information, and comprises not shown records management information.According to one side, records management information is room figure (SBM).Whether SBM represents to use bit value based on record block data to be recorded in the district of recording medium.Temporary management information is recorded in the temporary defect management information area (TDMA).

For effective use of TDMA, when needs upgrade a part of temporary management information, only in TDMA, upgrade this part.When the temporary defect informational needs is updated and SBM when not needing to be updated, in next available area of TDMA, only upgrade temporary defect information.In the case, the temporary defect recording of information position change that writes down at last.Therefore, temporary defect management information need be updated.Similarly, when not needing to upgrade temporary defect information, in next available area of TDMA, only upgrade SBM as needs renewal SBM.In the case, because the change of the record position of the SBM of last record, so also need to upgrade temporary defect management information.

As mentioned above, because temporary defect management information must be stipulated the positional information about the part of upgrading, so when only upgrading the temporary management information of part of records in TDMA, temporary defect management information also must be updated.In other words, when dish 100 was loaded in the drive system, the temporary management information that detects last record concerning drive system was difficult.For head it off, be included in the temporary defect management information about the positional information that is included in each information in the temporary management information, and temporary defect management information is recorded in the end of TDMA.Therefore, by read the positional information about the temporary management information of last record from temporary defect management information, drive system can easily detect the temporary management information of last record.In this respect, temporary defect management information is sequentially recorded in TDMA.

Drive system can be distinguished the district that comprises the district of data and do not comprise data in temporary defect management information, and detects the data block of last record.Can by from coil 100 read radio frequency (RF) signal determine the dish the district whether comprise data.Therefore, when test position information is included in the temporary management information, preferably test position information is recorded in the temporary defect management information.

Because, when dish 100 is loaded into drive system, the data block of drive system by visit last record in TDMA, the temporary management information that detects temporary defect management information and detect last record from temporary defect management information from data block read the temporary management information that is lastly recorded on the dish 100, so test position information is recorded in the temporary defect management information.Drive system is carried out write/read operation based on the temporary defect management information of last record.For this reason, test position information is comprised in that disk drive must at first detect it so that data are recorded on the dish 100 or from the temporary defect management information TDDS#i of the last record that coils reading of data on 100, therefore allow easily to detect at once positional information and test position information about temporary defect information TDFL#i.

Do not consider whether another temporary management information is updated, comprise that test position information allows easily to detect test position information based on the address of the temporary defect management information TDDS#i of last record from TDMA in temporary defect management information TDDS#i.If test position information is recorded in the district except that the temporary defect management information TDDS#i of last record, then the temporary defect management information TDDS#i that writes down at last also must comprise the pointer in district that is used for the detection of test position information for this.In the case, detection for test position information, Ji Lu temporary defect management information TDDS#i is detected with the pointer of acquisition corresponding to the district that comprises test position information at last, and uses this pointer to detect the district that comprises test position information, therefore causes expense.

Fig. 6 B illustrates the data structure that is recorded in such as the temporary defect management information TDDS#i on the double record layer disc 100 of the dish shown in Fig. 2 C and the 2D.Temporary defect management information TDDS#i comprises the identifier that is used for temporary defect management information TDDS#i and about the information of the record position of corresponding temporary defect information TDFL#i.With reference to as described in Fig. 4 A to 4D, be repeated record several times as before according to the temporary defect information TDFL#i of the embodiment of the invention.Therefore, comprise pointer about the information of the record position of temporary defect information TDFL#i corresponding to the record position of each temporary defect information TDFL#i.Especially, the temporary defect management information TDDS#i shown in Fig. 5 B comprises P pointer, is repeated to write down P time for each pointer of each temporary defect management information TDDS#i.

And, on double record layer disc 100 the temporary defect management information TDDS#i of record describe the user data in the user data area be lastly recorded in the first recording layer L0 the address, be lastly recorded in the replacement in the spare area of the first recording layer L0 the address, be lastly recorded in the address of the user data in the user data area of the second recording layer L1 and be lastly recorded in the address of the replacement in the spare area of the second recording layer L1.Therefore, only by user data and replacement with reference to last record, the user is utilization dish 100 easily.

Similar with single record layer disc 100, temporary defect management information TDDS#i also comprises test position information #i and write protection information #i.Therefore, even disk drive not access drivers and dish block of information or do not carry out defect management can not detected testable district yet and are directly visited testable district when scanning the tested test section of record condition wherein.And, can avoid record in the district of not expecting.

Fig. 7 illustrates the data structure of temporary defect information TDFL#i.With reference to Fig. 7, temporary defect information TDFL#i comprise the identifier that is used for temporary defect information TDFL#i and about defective #1, #2 ..., the information of #k.About defective #1, #2 ..., the information of #k is that the position of expression defective and replacement and defect area comprise single defect block or comprise the status information of continuous defect piece.

Fig. 8 A and 8B illustrate the data structure according to the driver of the embodiment of the invention and dish block of information.With reference to Fig. 8 A; when temporary defect information TDFL#i and temporary defect management information TDDS#i are recorded among the TDMA shown in Fig. 4 A or 4B respectively, write protection information #i, to the pointer of the position of temporary defect information TDFL#i and to the pointer of the position of temporary defect management information TDDS#i by with the recording operation unit record in driver and dish block of information.With reference to Fig. 8 B; when temporary defect information TDFL#i and temporary defect management information TDDS#i are recorded when being included among the temporary management information district TDMA#i among the TDMA shown in Fig. 4 C or 4D, write protection information #i and to the pointer of the position of temporary management information district TDMA#i by with the recording operation unit record in driver and dish block of information.

According to the embodiment of the invention, write protection information (it is recorded among driver and dish block of information and the temporary defect management information TDDS#i) does not allow other data to be recorded on the dish 100.Even can comprising, write protection information is illustrated in that write-protect on the whole dish 100 is enabled or the still information in recordable district is enabled in the flag information of not enabled and expression write-protect.For example, first bit of write protection information is set to represent that write-protect is enabled or the flag information of not enabled, and each other bit is configured to represent that at least one fate is recordable or is not recordable.If write-protect is enabled, then second bit of write protection information can represent that driver and dish block of information are recordable or are not recordable.In addition, second bit can represent that driver and dish block of information are recordable or are not recordable, and the 3rd bit can represent that DMA is recordable or is not recordable.Third and fourth bit can represent that DMA and spare area are recordable or are not recordable.

According to aspects of the present invention, when write protection information was recorded, following district may be recordable.

In a district,, in driver and dish block of information, also allow data recording even write protection information is recorded on the dish 100 and can not writes down other data again.In other words, driver and dish block of information are not recorded to enable write-protected write protection information influence.Therefore, can change write protection information.

In another district, even write protection information is recorded to enable write-protect, a part of driver and the dish block of information distributed for write protection information are not influenced by write-protect yet.In other words, in a part of horse driver and dish block of information, allow data recording.Therefore, write protection information can be changed.

In another district, even write protection information is recorded to enable write-protect, temporary defect management area (TDMA), driver and dish block of information and spare area be not by write-protect influence (that is, allowing data recording) in these districts.Therefore, write protection information can be changed.And, even after the record of write protection information, also can carry out defect management.

If the error correction rate when reproducing the data that are stored in the user data area in the data block of user data area is lower than predetermined reference value, then can carry out defect management, thereby data block is counted as producing the wrong higher district of possibility, the data that were stored in the data block before the reproduction of data are written in the spare area, and data block is confirmed as defect area.

According to an aspect of the present invention, comprise that as fruit tray 100 then the spare area district is confirmed as recordable district at least above a district.

Even wherein write protection information is recorded the district that also allows data recording and is not limited to above description.That is, if desired, the quantity of adjustable main plot and type.

Fig. 9 is at length according to the reference diagram of record data in user data area A and spare area B of the embodiment of the invention.Data can the sector or bunch for unit processed.Sector table is shown in the file system of computing machine or the least unit of manageable data in application program.Bunch of expression once can be on dish the least unit of the data of physical record.Usually, one or more sectors constitute one bunch.

Two class sectors are arranged: physical sector and logic sector.Physical sector is the district on the dish that will be recorded of the sector of wherein data.The address that is used to detect physical sector is known as physical sector number (PSN).Logic sector is the unit of manageable data in file system or in application program.The address that is used to detect logic sector is known as logic sector number (LSN).Dish record/the equipment of reading uses the record position of the data on the PSN detection dish.In computing machine or data-application, be the unit management overall data with LSN, and use LSN to detect the position of data.Whether comprise the initial position of defective and record data based on dish, change relation between LSN and the PSN by the controller of record/read equipment.

With reference to Fig. 9, A represents user data area, and B represents that PSN wherein sequentially is assigned to the spare area of a plurality of sectors (not shown).Usually, each LSN is corresponding with at least one PSN.Yet, because LSN is assigned to the non-defect area that comprises the replacement of writing down in the spare area, so be not held when the correspondence of coiling between 100 PSN when having defect area and the LSN.Even the size of physical sector is big or small identical with logic sector, this also is real.

In user data area A, user data is by with the continuous recording pattern or with the recorded at random mode record.In the continuous recording pattern, user data is by record sequentially and continuously.In the recorded at random pattern, user data is by recorded at random.In the A of data field, the scheduled unit of the data of verify-after-write method is wherein carried out in sector 1001 to 1007 expressions.Record and/or reproducer record the user data in the sector 1001, return the beginning of sector 1001, and check whether user data is correctly write down or sector 1001 in whether have defective.If detect defective in sector 1001, then this part is indicated as being defective #1.The user data that is recorded among the defective #1 also is recorded on a part of spare area B.At this, this part of the spare area B of record data is known as and replaces #1 in defective #1.Next, record and/or reproducer record the user data in the sector 1002, return the beginning of sector 1002, and check data still is to have defective in the part of sector 1002 by correctly writing down.If detect defective in sector 1002, then this part is designated as defective #2.In addition, formation is replaced #2 accordingly with defective #2 in spare area B.And, in the sector 1003 of user data area A and spare area B, indicate defective #3 respectively and replace #3.In sector 1004, defective do not occur, and defect area is not specified.

With data recording after sector 1004 and the checking data (promptly, press the eject key of record and/or reproducer as the user, or when finishing the record of the user data that in recording operation, distributes), when expectation end record operation #0, record and/or reproducer will be recorded among the TDMA as temporary defect information TDFL#0 about defective #1, the #2 of appearance in sector 1001 to 1004 and the information of #3.And the management information that is used for managing temporary defect information TDFL#0 is recorded in TDMA as temporary defect management information TDDS#0.

When recording operation #1 began, data were recorded in the sector 1005 to 1007, and such as in sector 1001 to 1004 explanation, in user data area A and spare area B, form defective #4 and #5 respectively and replace #4 and #5.Defective #1, #2, #3 and #4 in single, occur, and defective #5 occurs in continuous defect block.Replacement #5 as the replacement that is used for defective #5 is recorded in continuous replace block.At this, piece refers to record cell physics or logic, and the scope of cell block is not defined.If expectation finishes second recording operation, then as temporary defect information TDFL#1, and record is included in information among the defect information DFL#1 to record and/or reproducer record once more about the information of defective #4 and #5.Thereafter, the management information that is used for managing temporary defect information TDFL#1 is recorded in TDMA as temporary defect management information #1.

Finish in order to coil, Ji Lu temporary defect information and temporary defect management information are recorded in the defect management (DMA) as defect information and defect management information respectively at last.And, also be recorded among the TDMA about the temporary defect information of last record and the information and the above-mentioned write protection information of temporary defect management information.

Figure 10 is the figure that illustrates according to effective use of the user data area of the embodiment of the invention.The available part of Figure 10 explicit user data field can easily be detected with being lastly recorded in the address of the replacement in the spare area by the address that is lastly recorded in the user data in the user data area.Especially, when user data respectively by from the inside part/Outboard Sections of user data area to its Outboard Sections/inside part record, and by from the Outboard Sections/inside part of spare area to the inside during part/Outboard Sections record, this available part can more easily be detected as the data of the replacement that is used for defective.In other words, preferably with opposite record direction user data and the data that are used to replace.

When the physical address of user data from the inside part of recording layer L0 laterally part increase, and from the Outboard Sections of recording layer L1 to the inside part increase, the physical address that is lastly recorded in the data in the user data area of recording layer L0 and L1 has maximum number.And, when the physical address of replacing by the Outboard Sections from the spare area of recording layer L0 to the inside part reduce and inside part from the spare area of recording layer L1 when part increases laterally, Ji Lu replacement at last has the physical address of minimum number.Therefore, if the data of last record and the address of replacing the district are included among as shown in Figure 6A and 6B the temporary defect management information TDDS#i, then can detect the data that will be write down again and the position of replacement, and need not thoroughly read temporary defect information TDFL#i and estimate defective and the position of replacement.And the available part of user data area and spare area is provided with continuously, therefore allows the effective use to the user area.For this reason, even during dish is finished, also can write down or change other data after the record write protection information, and can more effectively carry out defect management.

Figure 11 illustrates the data structure of temporary defect information TDFL#0 and TDFL#1.With reference to Figure 11, temporary defect information TDFL#0 comprises the information about defective #1, #2 and #3.Wherein exist by the position in the district of defective #1 and wherein record the position in the district that replaces #1 about the information representation of defective #1.According to an aspect of the present invention, the information about defective #1 also can comprise the information that is illustrated in the continuous defect block or defective #1 occurs in single defect block.Similarly, whether the information representation about defective #2 the position that defective #2, defective #2 are present in the position in district wherein and wherein record the district that replaces #2 occurs in continuous defect block or in single defect block.The position that defective #3, defective #3 are present in the position in district wherein and wherein record the district that replaces #3 appears in the information representation about defective #3 in continuous defect block or in single defect block.

In the embodiment shown, temporary defect information TDFL#1 also comprises pack processing and is contained in the information about defective #4 and #5 outside the information among the temporary defect information TDFL#0.More particularly, temporary defect information TDFL#1 comprise information about defective #1, about the information of defective #2, about the information of defective #3, about the information of defective #4 with about the information of defective #5.Yet, of the present invention whole aspect in do not need the like this record of accumulative total.

Figure 12 illustrates the data structure about the information of defective #i.With reference to Figure 12, about the information of defective #i comprise the status information that is illustrated in the continuous defect block or defective #i in single defect block, occurs, to the pointer of defective #i with to replacing the pointer of #i.When defective #i is determined when appearing in the continuous defect block, status information is also represented the beginning of the continuous defect block of the pointed of defective #i or end and the pointer that is used to replace #i points out to replace the beginning or the end of the replace block of defective #i.The pointer of representing to be used for defective #i when status information is as the beginning of continuous defect block and the pointer that is used to replace #i as an alternative during the beginning of piece, and the pointer that is used for defective #i is represented the initial physical sector number of continuous defect block and is used to replace the initial physical sector number that the pointer of #i represents to replace #i.In contrast, the pointer of representing to be used for defective #i when status information is as the end of continuous defect block and the pointer that is used to replace #i as an alternative during the end of piece, and the pointer that is used for defective #i is represented the end physical sector number of continuous defect block and is used to replace the end physical sector number that the pointer of #i represents to replace #i.Even the information about defective is not unit record with the piece, the qualification of the defect block that user mode information is continuous also allows effective record of information and saves record space.

Initial and/or the end point that is used for the pointer regulation defective #i of defective #i.According to an aspect of the present invention, the pointer that is used for defective #i can comprise the initial PSN of defective #i.Be used to replace the initial and/or end point that the pointer regulation of #i is replaced #i.The pointer that is used to replace #i also can comprise the initial PSN that replaces #i.

Below, with reference to the process flow diagram shown in Figure 13 A and the 13B disc defect management method according to the embodiment of the invention is described.With reference to Figure 13 A and 13B, record shown in Fig. 1 and/or reproducer will be recorded in as the first temporary defect management information about the defect information according to the data of first recording operation record among the TDMA of dish 100 (operation 1301).The record and/or controller 1 controlling recording of reproducer/read unit 2 will be used for management definition temporary defect management of information information and be recorded in TDMA (operation 1302) as the first temporary defect management information.As mentioned above, according to an aspect of the present invention, the first temporary defect management information comprises driver and dish information (that is, test position information or write protection information).Next, the information about the position of the first temporary defect information and the first temporary defect management information is recorded in driver and the dish block of information (operation 1303).Thereafter, write protection information also is recorded in driver and dish block of information (operation 1304).

Next, check whether need dish to finish (operation 1305).If determining does not need dish to finish, then increase repetitive operation in 1 o'clock 1301 to 1304 (operation 1306) at the index i that will be given to recording operation, temporary defect information and temporary defect management information in operation 1305.Yet if determine to need dish to finish in operation 1305, the temporary defect management information of last record and temporary defect information are recorded in (operation 1307) among the DMA.That is, in DMA, Ji Lu temporary defect management information and temporary defect information are recorded as final defect management information and defect information respectively at last.This final defect information and defect management information can be repeated to write down to increase the reliability of Data Detection.

And, when of the present invention aspect all in when not required, can carry out verify-after-write method to final defect management information and defect information.If from final defect management information, detect defective, then have the district of dish 100 of defective and the ensuing district that comprises data can be considered to disabled (promptly, they are designated as defect area), and final temporary defect management information and temporary defect information are recorded in after the defect area once more.In addition, according to a further aspect in the invention, the write protection information that comprises among the temporary defect management information TDDS#i that write down or that in the end write down in driver and dish block of information also can be recorded among the DMA.

Figure 14 A and 14B show the process flow diagram of disc defect management method according to another embodiment of the present invention.With reference to Figure 14 A and 14B, record shown in Fig. 1 and/or reproducer record the user data in data unit in the data field of dish to make things convenient for verify-after-write method (operation 1401).The data of record are had district's (operation 1402) of the dish 100 of defective with detection by verification in operation 1201.The controller 2 of Fig. 1 indicate have defective the district as defect area, the data rewrite of controlling recording/read will write down in defect area unit 1 is replaced the district thereby generate in the spare area.Controller 2 also controlling recording/read unit 1 generates that the regulation defect area comprises the single defect block or the status information of continuous defect piece and the district and replace the pointer information (operation 1403) of the position in district of pointing out deficiencies.Status information and pointer information are stored in (operation 1404) in the storer as the first temporary defect information.Check whether expect that first recording operation finishes (operation 1405).

If determine in operation 1405 not expect that first recording operation finishes, then operate 1401 to 1404 and repeat.If determining expectation first recording operation in operation 1405 finishes (promptly, when finishing the record of user data by user's input or according to single recording operation), then Cun Chu temporary defect information is read and is recorded in repetition among the TDMA (operation 1406) several times as the first temporary defect information TDFL#0.Next, the management information that is used for managing the first temporary defect information TDFL#0 is registered as the first temporary defect management information TDDS#0 (operation 1407) at TDMA.This first temporary defect management information TDDS#0 also comprises test position information and write protection information.Thereafter, for the pointer of the position of the first temporary defect information TDFL#0, in the pointer of the position of the first temporary defect management information TDDS#0 and driver that write protection information is recorded in dish 100 and the dish block of information (operation 1408 and 1409).

In addition, except that temporary defect information TDFL#i and temporary defect management information TDDS#i, the pointer that is used for temporary management information TDMA#i can be at operation 1408 records.

Next, check whether need to finish data (operation 1410).If determining in operation 1410 does not need to finish dish 100, then repetitive operation 1401 to 1409.Whenever repetitive operation 1401 to 1409 o'clock, the index i that is given to each recording operation, temporary defect information TDFL and temporary defect management information TDDS increased by 1 (operation 1411).If determine need finish dish at 100 o'clock in operation 1410, the temporary defect management information TDDS#i of Ji Lu temporary defect information TDFL#i and last record is recorded among the DMA by (operation 1412) as final defect information DFL and final defect management information DDS at last.Final defect information DFL and final defect management information DDS can be recorded several times to increase the reliability of Data Detection.Similarly, can carry out verify-after-write method to the defect information and the defect management information of final entry.If in this information, detect defective, the district that comprises data that then has 100 district of defective and follow can be considered to disabled (promptly, this district totally is indicated as being defect area), and final temporary defect management information and temporary defect information can be recorded in after the defect area once more.In addition, be stored in driver and the dish block of information or the write protection information that is included among the temporary defect management information TDDS#i of last record also can be recorded among the DMA.Although as describe to increase at 1 o'clock, should be appreciated that the index in the method shown in Figure 13 A to 14B can be based on other number and replaced.

Above-mentioned defect management can be implemented as can be by the computer program of the computer run that can be universal or special computing machine.Therefore, should be appreciated that controller 2 can be this computing machine.The code and the code snippet that constitute computer program can easily be drawn by the computer program in this area.This procedure stores is in computer-readable computer-readable medium.When reading and moving this program, carry out defect management by computing machine.At this, computer-readable medium can be magnetic recording media, optical record medium, carrier wave, firmware or other recordable media.

At reproduction period, record and/or defect information and the defect management information of reproducer utilization in defect management and/or temporary defect management area are so that the user data of Visitor Logs.Although describe according to as shown in fig. 1 record and/or reproducer, should be appreciated that this equipment can be independent record or reproducer or record and reproducer.

Although, should be appreciated that the present invention can use other dish that can write that comprises re-writable recording medium according to using Write-once disc to describe.

As mentioned above, an aspect of of the present present invention provides a kind of disc defect management method that is suitable for using Write-once disc.According to an aspect of the present invention, in the Lead-In Area of dish or leading-out zone, there is a temporary defect block of information at least, thus can be about the information of the defective that in dish, exists by accumulative total ground record.And therefore the temporary defect information by only reading last record from the temporary defect block of information and the information that reads is recorded in defect management to finish dish be easy allow effectively to use DMA.Therefore, when carrying out defect management, user data can be recorded in dish and go up (even on Write-once disc), therefore, allows to carry out backup operation under unbroken situation.And, even after being recorded in write protection information on the dish, also can changing write protection information or carry out defect management.And even disk drive not access drivers and dish block of information and do not obtain test position information or write protection information, temporary defect management information also comprises test position information and write protection information.Therefore, can directly visit the test section and prevent that data are recorded in the incorrect district.In addition, even the user does not expect to carry out defect management, also can be by test position information and write protection information are recorded as the reliability that temporary defect management information increases system.

Although the present invention is illustrated especially and is described with reference to embodiment, but those skilled in the art should understand that, under situation about not breaking away from, can carry out the various changes of pro forma or details therein by claims and the spirit and scope of the present invention that equivalent limited thereof.

Claims

1, a kind of recording medium that uses with record and/or reproducer, described recording medium comprises:

Recording layer comprises Lead-In Area, data field and leading-out zone;

Defect management is at least one of described Lead-In Area and leading-out zone; With

Temporary defect management area at least one of described Lead-In Area and leading-out zone, and comprises temporary defect information and temporary defect management information, and described temporary defect management information comprises the address of the unit of the last record of user data in the data field.

2, a kind of recording medium that uses with record and/or reproducer, this recording medium comprises:

First recording layer comprises Lead-In Area, data field and first outside area;

Second recording layer comprises second outside area, data field and leading-out zone;

Defect management is at least one of described Lead-In Area, first outside area, second outside area and leading-out zone; With

Temporary defect management area; in at least one of Lead-In Area, first outside area, second outside area and leading-out zone; and be included in temporary defect information and the temporary defect management information used by record and/or reproducer when carrying out defect management, described temporary defect management information comprises at least one of positional information of the test section of the write protection information of the address of the unit of the last record of user data in the data field, described recording medium and described recording medium.

3, recording medium as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described temporary defect management information also comprises the positional information of the test section of the write protection information of described recording medium and/or described recording medium.

4, recording medium as claimed in claim 3, wherein:

In discontinuous recording operation, data are write in the data field and

Write protection information is recorded at each recording operation.

5, recording medium as claimed in claim 1, also comprise: driver and dish block of information, in at least one of Lead-In Area and leading-out zone, and be included in when carrying out defect management the information of using by described record and/or reproducer about the position of temporary defect information and temporary defect management information.

6, recording medium as claimed in claim 1, wherein, each with the recording operation of data recording in the data field in record temporary defect information and temporary defect management information.

7, recording medium as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described recording medium comprises at least one of a plurality of defect managements and temporary defect management area.

8, recording medium as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the address of the unit of the last record of user data comprises the physical sector number of physical sector last in the data field that user data writes down.

9, recording medium as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described temporary defect management information also comprises in the spare area that is recorded in described storage medium the address with the unit of the last record of the replacement data of the defect area of replacing described recording medium.

10, recording medium as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described recording medium is a Write-once disc.

11, recording medium as claimed in claim 1, wherein, next described temporary defect management information also comprise the positional information in the replacement district in the spare area of the recording medium that will be recorded.

12, recording medium as claimed in claim 11, wherein, the positional information in described replacement district comprises the physical sector number of spare cluster next available in the spare area.

13, recording medium as claimed in claim 1, wherein, for finishing of described recording medium, be recorded in the temporary defect information of the described last record in the temporary defect management area and the temporary defect management information of last record at last and be recorded in the described defect management.

14, recording medium as claimed in claim 2, wherein, for finishing of described recording medium, be recorded in the temporary defect information of the last record in the temporary defect management area and the temporary defect management information of last record at last and be recorded in the defect management.

15, a kind of recording medium that uses with record and/or reproducer, described recording medium comprises:

Recording layer comprises Lead-In Area, data field and leading-out zone;

Temporary defect management area at least one of described Lead-In Area and leading-out zone, and comprises temporary defect information and temporary defect management information, and described temporary defect management information comprises the positional information of the test section of described recording medium.

16, recording medium as claimed in claim 15, wherein, for finishing of recording medium, the temporary defect information and the temporary defect management information that are recorded in the last record in the temporary defect management area at last are recorded in the defect management.

17, recording medium as claimed in claim 15, wherein, but the tested test section that is record condition, described test section.

18, a kind of recording medium that uses with record and/or reproducer, described recording medium comprises:

Recording layer comprises Lead-In Area, data field and leading-out zone;

Temporary defect management area at least one of described Lead-In Area and leading-out zone, and comprises temporary defect information and temporary defect management information, and described temporary defect management information comprises the write protection information of described recording medium.

19, a kind of method of defective of managing recording medium, described method comprises:

To at least once be recorded in the temporary defect management area of recording medium as i temporary defect information about the information according to the defective in the data field of the described recording medium of i recording operation, wherein i is an index; With

The information that will be used for managing i temporary defect information is recorded in temporary defect management area as i temporary defect management information, and wherein, described i temporary defect management information is recorded the address with the unit of the last record that comprises the user data in the data field.

20, method as claimed in claim 19 also comprises the information about the position of i temporary defect information and temporary defect management information is recorded in the driver and dish block of information of described recording medium.

21, method as claimed in claim 19, wherein, during record i temporary defect management information, this i temporary defect management information is recorded with the positional information of the test section that also comprises described recording medium and/or the write protection information of described recording medium.

22, method as claimed in claim 20, also comprise: when increase gave the index of recording operation, temporary defect information and temporary defect management information, at least duplicate record i temporary defect information, record i temporary defect management information and record were about the information of described position.

23, method as claimed in claim 19, wherein, the address of the unit of the last record of user data comprises: the physical sector number of the last physical sector in the data field that user data writes down.

24, method as claimed in claim 19, wherein, described recording medium is a Write-once disc.

25, method as claimed in claim 19, also comprise:, the information that is lastly recorded in last record in temporary defect information in the temporary defect management area and the temporary defect management information is recorded in the defect management of described recording medium for finishing of described recording medium.

26, method as claimed in claim 19, wherein, described i temporary defect management information is recorded also to comprise in the spare area that is recorded in described recording medium the address with the unit of the last record of the replacement data of the defect area of replacing described recording medium.

27, method as claimed in claim 19, wherein, described i temporary defect management information is recorded the positional information with the replacement district in the spare area that also comprises the described recording medium that next will be recorded.

28, method as claimed in claim 27, wherein, the positional information in described replacement district is included in the physical sector number of spare cluster next available in the described spare area.

29, method as claimed in claim 19, wherein, described record i temporary defect information comprises:

With the predetermined unit record data;

The data of calibration tails are to detect the defect area that wherein has defective recording medium;

The information in replacement district that the information and pointing out in the district that points out deficiencies is used for defect area as the first temporary defect information stores at storer; With

Read the information that is stored in the storer and the information that reads at least once is recorded in the temporary defect management area as i temporary defect information.

30, a kind of method of defective of managing recording medium, described method comprises:

To be recorded in the temporary defect management area of described recording medium as temporary defect information about the information of the defective in the data field of described recording medium; With

The information that will be used for managing temporary defect information is recorded in temporary defect management area as temporary defect management information, and wherein, described temporary defect management information is recorded the positional information with the test section that comprises described recording medium.

31, a kind of method of defective of managing recording medium, described method comprises:

The information that will be used for managing temporary defect information is recorded in temporary defect management area as temporary defect management information, and wherein, described temporary defect management information is recorded to comprise the write protection information of described recording medium.

32, a kind of record and/or reproducer that uses with recording medium, described equipment comprises:

Record/read the unit, for described recording medium, record data and/or read data; With

Controller is used for controlling recording/read unit:

To be recorded in the temporary defect management area of described recording medium as temporary defect information about the information of the defective in the data field of recording medium; With

To be used for managing temporary defect management of information information and be recorded in temporary defect management area as temporary defect management information, this management information comprises the address of the unit of the last record of user data in the data field.

33, record as claimed in claim 32 and/or reproducer, wherein, controller controlling recording/read unit record management information is with the positional information of the test section of the write protection information that also comprises described recording medium and/or described recording medium.

34, record as claimed in claim 32 and/or reproducer, wherein, controller controlling recording/read the unit in discontinuous recording operation, data to be recorded in the data field, and to each recording operation record temporary defect information and temporary defect management information.

35, record as claimed in claim 32 and/or reproducer; wherein; controller controlling recording/read the unit in the recording operation that separates, data to be recorded in the data field, and write down temporary defect management information to comprise test position information and write protection information at each recording operation.

36, record as claimed in claim 32 and/or reproducer, wherein, described controller is controlled described record/read unit being recorded in the driver and dish block of information of described recording medium about the information of the position of temporary defect information and temporary defect management information.

37, record as claimed in claim 32 and/or reproducer, wherein, the address of the unit of the last record of user data comprises the physical sector number of the last physical sector in the data field that user data writes down.

38, record as claimed in claim 32 and/or reproducer, wherein, described recording medium is a Write-once disc.

39, record as claimed in claim 32 and/or reproducer, wherein, described controller controlling recording/read unit comes the address with the unit of the last record of the replacement data of the defect area of replacing described recording medium of records management information to write down in the spare area that also is included in described recording medium.

40, record as claimed in claim 32 and/or reproducer, wherein, described controller controlling recording/read unit record management information also to comprise the positional information of the replacement data in the spare area of recording medium that next will be recorded.

41, record as claimed in claim 40 and/or reproducer, wherein, the positional information in described replacement district comprises the physical sector number of spare cluster next available in the spare area.

42, record as claimed in claim 32 and/or reproducer, wherein, during the finishing of described recording medium, temporary defect information and temporary defect management information that described controller controlling recording/read unit will be lastly recorded in the last record in the temporary defect management area are recorded in the defect management of described recording medium.

43, a kind of record and/or reproducer that uses with recording medium, described equipment comprises:

Record/read the unit, at described recording medium identifying recording layer and/or for described recording medium read data; With

Controller is used for controlling recording/read unit:

To be recorded in the temporary defect management area of recording medium as temporary defect information about the information of the defective in the data field of recording medium; With

To be used for managing temporary defect management of information information and be recorded in temporary defect management area as temporary defect management information, this management information comprises the positional information of the test section of described recording medium.

44, a kind of record and/or reproducer that uses with recording medium, described equipment comprises:

Controller is used for controlling recording/read unit:

To be used for managing temporary defect management of information information and be recorded in temporary defect management area as temporary defect management information, this management information comprises the write protection information of described recording medium.

45, a kind of recording medium that uses with record and/or reproducer, this recording medium comprises:

Lead-In Area;

Leading-out zone;

The data field, between Lead-In Area and leading-out zone, and data are recorded in it and/or data are reproduced from it; With

Temporary defect management area, in at least one of Lead-In Area and leading-out zone, and defect management for described recording medium, described temporary defect management area comprises the temporary defect management information of being used by record and/or reproducer, wherein, described temporary defect management information comprises the address of the unit of the last record of user data in the data field.

46, recording medium as claimed in claim 45, wherein, described temporary defect management area also is included in when carrying out defect management by the management of temporary defect management information and by the temporary defect information that writes down and/or reproducer uses.

47, recording medium as claimed in claim 46, wherein:

Data be recorded in the corresponding record cell and

It is right that each record cell has the corresponding temporary defect information and the temporary defect management information that are used at least carrying out about this record cell defect management.

48, recording medium as claimed in claim 45 also comprises: driver and dish block of information at least one of Lead-In Area and leading-out zone, and comprise information about the position of temporary defect management information.

49, recording medium as claimed in claim 48; wherein; described driver and dish block of information comprise write protection information and the recordable district about the data that write down in the data field; thereby; if write protection information represents that recording medium is by write-protect; then Fu Jia write protection information can be write recordable district, thereby record and/or reproducer can change the write-protect state of recording medium to allow record in the data field once more.

50, recording medium as claimed in claim 49, wherein, driver and dish block of information also comprise about the information of the type of driver with about the information of the type of recording medium.

51, recording medium as claimed in claim 45 also comprises the test section that wherein data are not recorded and wherein write down and/or reproducer is carried out test to recording medium.

52, recording medium as claimed in claim 45, wherein, described temporary defect management information also comprises the write protection information about the data that write down in the data field.

53, recording medium as claimed in claim 45, wherein, described temporary defect management information also comprises about the information of the type of driver with about the information of the type of described recording medium.

54, recording medium as claimed in claim 45 comprises also that data wherein are not recorded and it is preserved for writing down and/or reproducer is carried out test to recording medium test section, and wherein, temporary defect management information also comprises the information about the test section.

55, recording medium as claimed in claim 45 also comprises wherein recording by record and/or reproducer and uses spare area with the replacement data of replacing a part of data field that wherein detects defective,

Wherein, temporary defect management information also is included in the address of unit of the last record of the replacement data that writes down in the spare area.

56, recording medium as claimed in claim 45 also comprises wherein recording by described record and/or reproducer and uses spare area with the replacement data of replacing a part of data field that wherein detects defective,

Wherein, described temporary defect management information also comprises the positional information in the replacement district in the spare area that next is recorded.

57, recording medium as claimed in claim 56, wherein, the positional information in described replacement district comprises the physical sector number of spare cluster next available in the spare area.

58, recording medium as claimed in claim 45, wherein, the address of the unit of the last record of user data comprises the physical sector number of physical sector last in the data field that user data writes down.

59, recording medium as claimed in claim 45, wherein, described recording medium is a Write-once disc.

60, a kind of use is used for the processing instruction of method of the realization claim 19 carried out by computing machine and calculation of coding machine computer-readable recording medium.

61, a kind of use is used for the processing instruction of method of the realization claim 30 carried out by computing machine and calculation of coding machine computer-readable recording medium.

62, a kind of use is used for the processing instruction of method of the realization claim 31 carried out by computing machine and calculation of coding machine computer-readable recording medium.