CN1852662A - Feedstuff for animal plankton - Google Patents
Feedstuff for animal plankton Download PDFInfo
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- CN1852662A CN1852662A CNA2004800269559A CN200480026955A CN1852662A CN 1852662 A CN1852662 A CN 1852662A CN A2004800269559 A CNA2004800269559 A CN A2004800269559A CN 200480026955 A CN200480026955 A CN 200480026955A CN 1852662 A CN1852662 A CN 1852662A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
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Abstract
A feedstuff for animal plankton, comprising microorganisms containing n-6 docosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid as well as a cell wall crushing product of microorganisms containing eicosapentaenoic acid. One characteristic of this feedstuff is that eicosapentaenoic acid, n-6 docosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid are contained with good balance in the lipid component of this feedstuff. This feedstuff realizes production of fingerlings (larval young fish, etc.) being resistant to low temperature stress and handling stress having posed a problem in the production of fingerlings such as larval young fish.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to as the feed that is used for animal plankton of the biological feed of fish Jie class of carrying out seedling production and use the method for producing young postlarva to the animal plankton of this feed of bait.
Background technology
Along with the development of artificial seedling production technology, the seedling production of the multiple aquatic animal of porgy, flatfish, black porgy, brave Puffer, catfish, flounder, terrible Rockfish, blue crab etc. becomes possibility.In addition, along with the develop rapidly of technology in recent years, the seedling production of the Yellowtail, Cao Sushi that in the past was difficult to produce, reddish tone porgy, tuna, octopus etc. also becomes possibility.
The seedling production of such fingerling becomes in the possible background, comprises the wheel animalcule that young postlarva is ingested, the fortification improvement of feed of fairy shrimp.
The young postlarva phase of relevant albacore Jie class or children give birth in the aliphatic acid demand of phase, highly unsaturated fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid (hereinafter referred to as " EPA ") and DHA (hereinafter referred to as " DHA ") are particular importances, and clear and definite this is to improve to produce yield and prevent and kill off lopsided necessary nutritional labeling.
Yet the essential nutrients of particularly young postlarva phase of EPA and DHA is given bait fortification EPA and DHA to the animal plankton as the wheel animalcule of bait, fairy shrimp, water flea etc., is common now way.
Be in the feedstuff for animal plankton of purpose with the fortification, have 2 types: (1) in made microencapsulation or cultivation and microorganism in, the microorganism that congenital oneself produces EPA, DHA is cultivated in the feed of lubricant component and (2) of adding fish oil the day after tomorrow or containing EPA, DHA.
(1) class is the typical method (for example with reference to patent documentation 1) that all the time adopts.On the other hand, in the feed that uses (2) class natural microbial, the microorganism that produces EPA or DHA is cultivated, concentrates the feed that forms, there be (for example with reference to non-patent literature 1) separately respectively in both as commodity.
In addition, the microorganism that contains EPA is intended the microballoon algae, is also cultivated voluntarily by a plurality of seedling production mechanism and is used for fortification.But, because its cell membrane is hard, so, can enriched nutritive in the wheel animalcule of organ of mastication prosperity, but only in the more underdeveloped fairy shrimp of organ of mastication, exist just can not enriched nutritive by its former state problem.
Therefore, now by adopting the break process of cell membrane, the microorganism plan microballoon algae that will contain EPA is used for forming of fairy shrimp and fortification, and wherein the break process of this cell membrane is (for example with reference to the patent documentation 2) that is undertaken by the pressure dispersion treatment (hereinafter referred to as " but digestion process ") of using high pressure homogenizer.
In addition, recently, pay close attention to the young postlarva of n-6 clupanodonic acid (hereinafter referred to as " n-6DPA ") and use feed, also since its have and prevent lopsided effect and quilt practicability (for example with reference to patent documentation 3) widely in the seedling production.
As mentioned above, can know that EPA and DHA demonstrate important effect, continue now to be used in the preventing and kill off of the raising of young postlarva phase of fish Jie class or the production yield in the phylonepionic and deformity.As the health seedling that shows these effects, be the metewand of the strong seedling of fish, focused on the part that the shape, look, the flourishing situation of organ etc. of seedling can judge with eyes in the past.
But, further development in recent years, the scope of metewand also expands the raising of the function aspects of fish to, and for example digestion power, motility further expand swimming behavior, group behavior to.
Important metewand aspect function, can enumerate to the reaction of the physical stress in tank conversion, haulage stage the patience of the artificial processing stress reaction when for example fishnet being caught, to (for example with reference to the non-patent literatures 2) such as adaptive capacitys of different water temperatures.Wherein, special putting in a suitable place to breed with in the seedling in cultivating fishery put in a suitable place to breed when hanging down the water temperature marine site, if vigor decline then can be expected to be preyed on by big fish at once in response to swashing reaction after putting in a suitable place to breed, this becomes problem.As the trial that prevents these problems, put in a suitable place to breed nearby etc. to fish shelter and to have carried out various researchs putting the place in a suitable place to breed.
Field of fodder in the early stage, in order to produce healthy seedling, except carry out all the time to the paramorph improvement, the new patience to stress reaction or the like of using is carried out the exploration of various nutritional labelings in the metewand.
In the research of the effect of stress reaction patience of the flat porgy in Europe etc. being carried out at lecithin and EPA, in the presence of lecithin, along with the increase of EPA, demonstrate patience to artificial processing or the stress reaction that variations in temperature caused improve (for example with reference to non-patent literature 3).
In the research of the effect of the vitality test (artificially handling patience) of the young postlarva of porgy being carried out at EPA and DHA, demonstrating EPA does not almost have effect, and DHA has better effect (for example with reference to non-patent literature 4).
But, no matter be which effect, all be difficult to say so fully, can not be reflected in the actual seedling production scene stress reaction patience and to the effect of low water temperature adaptive capacity.In addition, in the actual field, can not obtain effect of sufficient.
As mentioned above, the index of producing in recent years as seedling, the patience of the artificial processing stress reaction when catching, adaptive capacity of different water temperatures etc. is come into one's own, but the exploration of nutritional labeling that improves the initial stage feed of these functions stops at prelminary analysis, is extremely inadequate with net.Be that the comprehensive exploration at center is not also carried out fully particularly with EPA, n-6DPA and DHA.
Patent documentation 1: No. the 1992146th, Japanese Patent Laid
Patent documentation 2: the special fair 4-8021 communique of Japan Patent
Patent documentation 3: Japanese patent laid-open 11-276091 communique
Non-patent literature 1: culture that interim supplementary issue " adds commodity ベ ス De ガ イ De ", the Co., Ltd. LA study, put down on March 10th, 12, the 37th volume, No. 4, p.186-191
Non-patent literature 2: the grand row of high bridge " seedling produce in environment and stress reaction ", ア Network ア ネ Star ト gathers civilian society, puts down in July, 13, the 4th volume, No. 7, p.62-65
6 people such as non-patent literature 3:JINGLE LIU, Necessity ofdietary lecithinand eicosapentaenoic acid for growth, survival, stress resistance andlipoprotein formation in gilthead sea bream sparus aurata, " FISHERIES SCIENCE "; Japan, Japan Fisheries Society's will, 2002, the 68th volume, p.1165-1172
Non-patent literature 4: pretty youth in the bamboo, " nutrient deficiency diseases in the fish and demand ", the growth series of cultivating fishery technology advanced study and training cause basic theory course textbook young postlarva phase of collection V, civic organization Japan cultivating fishery association, put down into 3 years, the 4th volume, p.20-23
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of seedling, it has been endowed the patience to the various stress reactions in the seedling production of fish Jie class.
Problem of the present invention is to provide a kind of feedstuff for animal plankton, and it can produce tolerance low temperature stress reaction and the artificial seedling of handling stress reaction.
People of the present invention are wholwe-hearted found that of making great efforts in order to address these problems point (problem), by use the feed contain following material as feedstuff for animal plankton: contain eicosapentaenoic acid (below, be called " EPA ") cells of microorganisms wall break process thing and contain n-6 clupanodonic acid (hereinafter referred to as " n-6DPA ") and the microorganism of DHA (hereinafter referred to as " DHA "), just can bring into play the effect that prevents that the low water temperature in the seedling production is exposed or artificially handles caused stress reaction, thereby finish the present invention.Therefore, the invention provides a kind of feed, this feed in seedling is produced, can to fish be situated between class, particularly give low water temperature and expose patience, artificially handle stress reaction patience young postlarva.
In addition, the invention provides a kind of feedstuff for animal plankton, in described feedstuff for animal plankton, the eicosapentaenoic acid content that contains in the TFA of the lipid that is comprised in the microorganism of eicosapentaenoic acid is 10～50 quality %.
In addition, the invention provides a kind of feedstuff for animal plankton, in described feedstuff for animal plankton, the described microorganism that contains eicosapentaenoic acid is that big eyespot algae is intended microballoon Trentepohlia (Nannnochloropsis.sp).
In addition, the invention provides a kind of feedstuff for animal plankton, in described feedstuff for animal plankton, the n-6 clupanodonic acid content that contains in the TFA of the lipid that is comprised in the microorganism of n-6 clupanodonic acid and DHA is 10～60 quality %.
In addition, the invention provides a kind of feedstuff for animal plankton, in described feedstuff for animal plankton, the DHA content that contains in the TFA of the lipid that is comprised in the microorganism of n-6 clupanodonic acid and DHA is 20～80 quality %.
In addition, the invention provides a kind of feedstuff for animal plankton, in described feedstuff for animal plankton, the microorganism that contains n-6 clupanodonic acid and DHA is that schizochytrium limacinum belongs to (Schizochytrium.sp) or genus thraustochytrium (Thraustochytrium.sp).
In addition, the invention provides a kind of feedstuff for animal plankton, in described feedstuff for animal plankton, contain the cells of microorganisms wall break process thing of eicosapentaenoic acid and contain mass ratio between the microorganism of n-6 clupanodonic acid and DHA, with solids count 1: 9～9: 1.
In addition, the invention provides a kind of feedstuff for animal plankton, in described feedstuff for animal plankton, animal plankton is to be selected from the group of being made up of wheel animalcule, fairy shrimp and water flea a kind or 2 kinds or more than it.
In addition, the invention provides a kind of feedstuff for animal plankton, in described feedstuff for animal plankton, the eicosapentaenoic acid content in the TFA of the lipid that is comprised in the feedstuff for animal plankton is that 5～27 quality %, n-6 clupanodonic acid content are that 5～21 quality % and DHA content are 5～52 quality %.Thus, the invention provides a kind of feedstuff for animal plankton, this feed contains relevant EPA, n-6DHA and DHA has the lipid that feature is formed.
In addition, the invention provides the production method of a kind of young postlarva, it is characterized in that:, use by described animal is swum and give animal plankton and the fortification animal plankton of enriched nutritive with feed hello bait as the bait of young postlarva.Thus, provide the production method that has low water temperature exposure patience, artificially handles the young postlarva of stress reaction patience.In addition, in other words, provide the production method of a kind of young postlarva, this method is given the low water temperature of young postlarva and is exposed patience, artificially handles stress reaction patience.
The present invention also provides a kind of stress reaction patience imparting agent to fish Jie class, and it contains: contain the cells of microorganisms wall break process thing of eicosapentaenoic acid and contain the microorganism of n-6 clupanodonic acid and DHA.
The specific embodiment
So-called feedstuff for animal plankton among the present invention, it is characterized in that, contain: contain the cells of microorganisms wall break process thing of eicosapentaenoic acid and contain n-6 clupanodonic acid and DHA microorganism, feedstuff for animal plankton, refer to a kind of feedstuff for animal plankton, it contains (1) at least and comprises the microorganism wall break process thing of eicosapentaenoic acid and the microorganism that (2) comprise n-6 clupanodonic acid and DHA.
What is called among the present invention " contain eicosapentaenoic acid (below, be called " EPA ".) microorganism ", in microorganism, produce the material of EPA when referring to the material that in microorganism, contains EPA and/or cultivating microorganism.EPA is marked as " C20:5, n-3 " or " C20:5 " sometimes.
Particularly, big eyespot algae be can enumerate and microballoon Trentepohlia (Nannochloropsis.sp), the flat algae (Tetraselmis.sp) of green branch algae and the Chaetoceros (Chaetceros.sp) of Diatomeae etc. intended.Wherein preferably big eyespot algae is intended microballoon Trentepohlia (Nannochloropsis.sp).
The processing method of these microorganisms has no particular limits, for example, and preferred concentrate or its dry thing of from the cultivation liquid of pure cultivation, only microbial cells being isolated and being concentrated that use.
What is called among the present invention " microorganism " broadly comprises the material from microorganism, comprising: cultivate thalline, dry cultivation thalline and processing and cultivate thalline and comprise thalline and the nutrient solution of culture supernatant.At length, except that microorganism itself, also comprise concentrate, freeze drying thing, spray-drying thing of microorganism for example etc.
What is called among the present invention " the cells of microorganisms wall break process thing that contains EPA ", refer to and use high pressure homogenizer etc. to force dispersion treatment the microorganism that contains EPA, in fact this cells of microorganisms wall is carried out the material (for example, with reference to patent documentation 3) that break process forms.This processing is called as " but digestion process " sometimes.This break process operation is not limited to any period when the preparation microorganism, for example, but can under the state of cultivating the microorganism-collecting thalline, implement digestion process, implement digestion process in the liquid but also can be after collecting dry thalline should the drying thing be dissolved or suspended in arbitrarily.
There is no particular limitation for the E PA content of the microorganism that contains EPA among the present invention, for example the EPA content in the TFA of contained lipid is 10 quality % or more than it in containing the microorganism of EPA, preferred 10～50 quality %, more preferably 15～48 quality %, further preferred 20～45 quality %, preferred especially 23～43 quality %, most preferably 28～38 quality %.
What is called among the present invention " lipid " also has the situation that is called " grease ", " oil content " and " oil " usually, is meant the lipid that for example extracts by the Bligh-Dyer method.Content of fatty acid in feed and microorganism in the TFA of contained lipid can be obtained according to existing method, and there is no particular limitation for this method.For example, the freeze drying analytic sample extracts lipid by the Bligh-Dyer method from this freeze drying thing, after its esterification, calculates aliphatic acid with gas chromatography and forms, and the amount of corresponding aliphatic acid is obtained divided by the fatty acid total amount in the lipid.
There is no particular limitation for the amount of the lipid in the microorganism that contains EPA among the present invention.Therefore the amount of this lipid is subjected to very big influence according to method for culturing microbes, is difficult to special qualification, but for example is 1 quality % or more than it, is preferably 3 quality % or more than it.
There is no particular limitation for the existence of the EPA of the microorganism that contains EPA among the present invention.For example, can be in the complex lipids such as triglyceride, diglyceride, monoglyceride, aliphatic acid, fatty acid methyl ester, fatty-acid ethyl ester, phosphatide, glycolipid any one.
What is called among the present invention " contain n-6 clupanodonic acid (hereinafter referred to as " n-6DPA ") and DHA (below; be called " DHA ") microorganism ", refer to the material that in microorganism, contains n-6DPA and DHA and/or in microorganism, produce the material of n-6DPA and DHA when cultivating.N-6DPA is marked as " C22:5, n-6 " or " C22:5 " sometimes, and DHA is marked as " C22:6, n-3 " or " C22:6 " sometimes.
Particularly, can enumerate schizochytrium limacinum belongs to (Schizochytrium.sp), genus thraustochytrium (Thraustochytrium.sp), my Ken Shi Chytridium (Ulkenia genuss) and saves Chytridium (Althornia genus).Wherein, preferably schizochytrium limacinum belongs to (Schizochytrium.sp) or genus thraustochytrium (Thraustochytrium.sp), in more detail, can enumerate ATCC 20888,20889,20891,24473,28209,28221,34304 etc., but the present invention is not limited to these.
There is no particular limitation for the processing method of these microorganisms, for example, preferably uses concentrate and its dry thing of only microbial cells being isolated and concentrated in the cultivation liquid by pure cultivation.
There is no particular limitation for n-6DPA content in the microorganism that contains n-6DPA and DHA among the present invention, for example the n-6DPA content in the TFA of contained lipid is 5 quality % or more than it in the microorganism that contains n-6DPA and DHA, preferred 5～60 quality %, more preferably 11～45 quality %, further preferred 11～30 quality %, preferred especially 11～25 quality %, most preferably 13～20 quality %.
There is no particular limitation for DHA content in the microorganism that contains n-6DPA and DHA among the present invention, for example the DHA content in the lipid of the microorganism that contains n-6DPA and DHA is 20 quality % or more than it, preferred 20～80 quality %, more preferably 30～70 quality %, further preferred 30～60 quality %, preferred especially 30～50 quality %, most preferably 33～43 quality %.
There is no particular limitation for n-6DPA in the microorganism that contains n-6DPA and DHA among the present invention and the content ratio of DHA.For example, the microorganism that can use arbitrary proportion (combination arbitrarily) to be constituted in the present invention with the DHA content in the microorganism of the n-6DPA content in the microorganism of above-mentioned n-6DPA of containing and DHA and above-mentioned n-6DPA of containing and DHA.At length, for example, the n-6DPA content that can be set forth in the TFA of contained lipid in the microorganism that contains n-6DPA and DHA is that 10～30 quality % and DHA content are the material of 30～70 quality %.
There is no particular limitation for the amount of the lipid in the microorganism that contains n-6DPA and DHA among the present invention.Therefore the amount of this lipid is subjected to very big influence according to method for culturing microbes, is difficult to special qualification, but for example is 5 quality % or more than it, is preferably 30 quality % or more than it.
There is no particular limitation for the existence of the EPA of the microorganism that contains n-6DPA and DHA among the present invention.For example, can be in the complex lipids such as triglyceride, diglyceride, monoglyceride, aliphatic acid, fatty acid methyl ester, fatty-acid ethyl ester, phosphatide, glycolipid any one.
In the feedstuff for animal plankton of the present invention, contain the cells of microorganisms wall break process thing of EPA and contain n-6DPA and the microorganism of DHA between mass ratio there is no particular limitation, for example, particularly with solids count 1: 9～9: 1, preferably count 1: 1 with solids.
The existence of the microorganism of using among the present invention usually can by the shape of utilizing light microscope confirm and its grease in aliphatic acid form and identify.For example, to belong to the genus thraustochytrium algae be a kind of sphaerocyst that chlorophyllous diameter is 6～7 μ m that do not have to the schizochytrium limacinum with n-6DPA.
Among the present invention, so-called solids so long as outward appearance is that solid shape, Powdered or bulk etc. are just passable, is not particularly limited moisture.In addition, be not aqueous, pasty state, suspension.In this manual, as the material that is included in the solids category, especially Powdered thing is called " dried powder " sometimes.
During the quality of regulation ratio, contain the cells of microorganisms wall break process thing of EPA, so long as solids as described above is just passable, moisture is unqualified, but moisture for example is 10 quality % or below it, is preferably 9～0.1 quality %, more preferably 8～0.1 quality %.
During the quality of regulation ratio, the microorganism that contains n-6DPA and DHA, so long as solids as described above is just passable, its moisture does not limit, but moisture for example is 10 quality % or below it, is preferably 8～0.1 quality %, 7～0.1 quality % more preferably, more preferably 6～0.1 quality % are preferably 5～0.1 quality % especially, most preferably are 4～0.1 quality %.
Feedstuff for animal plankton of the present invention is not limited to proterties, and any proterties can be provided.For example, can be used as solid (solid shape, Powdered), pasty state, liquid (solution, solution shape) or suspension (suspension) provides.
In addition, when being liquid (solution, solution shape) or suspension (suspension), do not limited, be not limited to concentration with respect to the amount of the feed of its moisture.For example, with respect to the feed of 1 mass parts, the solution of 0.1～100 mass parts of can mixing, dissolve or suspend uses.
Provide an example of the manufacture method of feedstuff for animal plankton of the present invention below.
In the present invention, during the quality of regulation ratio, each microorganism is made Powdered material, pulverous feedstuff for animal plankton can be provided by mixing.For example, can enumerate that the microorganism that will contain EPA carries out the cell membrane break process after freeze drying and moisture 8 quality % or the dried powder 100g below it and contain the microorganism of n-6DPA and DHA spray-dried and moisture 4 quality % or the material that mixes of the dried powder 100g below it.There is no particular limitation from the mixed method of the dried powder of microorganism for each.
In addition, each microorganism can be done powderedly, be mixed into solution shape or suspension with liquid arbitrarily respectively, mix again afterwards.The feedstuff for animal plankton of solution shape or suspension can be provided thus.For example, can enumerate mix following suspension and material: the microorganism that will contain EPA through freeze drying and the dried powder 100g of moisture 8 quality % be added in 1 liter of distilled water and carry out the cell membrane break process and the suspension that gets; And the microorganism that will contain n-6DPA and DHA spray-dried and the dried powder 100g of moisture 4 quality % be added in 1 liter of distilled water and stir and suspension.Each is from the solution of microorganism or make not special qualification of mixed method of the material of suspension.In addition, also can be with the material of above-mentioned mixed solution shape or suspension once more as dry thing with solid shape or Powdered providing.
When the feedstuff for animal plankton of solution shape or suspension is provided, be not particularly limited the microbial biomass in the liquid, but, be preferably 15～5 quality %, for example, can enumerate 15,12.5,10,7.5,5 quality % usually with 15 quality % or use below it.
So-called animality planktonic organism among the present invention refers to the biologies that usually is used as biological feed of wheel animalcule (salt solution Brachionus calyciflorus etc.), fairy shrimp (brine shrimp), water flea etc. in seedling production.These can use a kind or 2 kinds or more than it simultaneously.
Among the present invention, so-called " feedstuff for animal plankton " refers in order to feed the feed that bait is given animal plankton.Giving the main purpose of animal plankton with this feed hello bait is to accumulate nutrient (for example, EPA, n-6DPA and DHA etc.) (fortification) in the animal plankton in order to make.
Among the present invention, so-called " fortification animal plankton " refers to by feeding the bait feedstuff for animal plankton to animal plankton, and the animal plankton that nutrient (for example, EPA, n-6DPA and DHA etc.) in the animal plankton has been strengthened.This fortification animal plankton is the bait that is used for young postlarva is given bait when seedling is produced.
Among the present invention, the condition of once cultivating and following the second incubation of fortification of animal plankton can be carried out with those skilled in the art's usual way.Concrete condition of culture can be revised in those skilled in the art's ken in good time.
Among the present invention, when described feedstuff for animal plankton was used for fortification, there is no particular limitation for the addition of this feed.This can carry out with those skilled in the art's usual way.Concrete concentration can be revised in those skilled in the art's ken in good time.For example, as the solids of this feed, can rise with 0.2g/ and add.At length, the solids 100g that will contain the microorganism of EPA be added to carry out in 1 liter of distilled water that clasmatosis is handled and material and the solids 100g that contains the microorganism of n-6DPA and DHA be added to stir in 1 liter of distilled water and material mix (therefore become 200g feed/2 liter).Then, in the nutrient solution of animal plankton, the concentration that rises with 2ml/ use this mixed liquor (therefore become 200mg feed/2ml/ liter, the words of conversion become the 0.2g feed/liter).
Among the present invention, there is no particular limitation for the content of the EPA in the described feedstuff for animal plankton, n-6DPA and DHA.
Among the present invention, there is no particular limitation for the content of EPA in the described feedstuff for animal plankton, for example, EPA content in this feed in the TFA of contained lipid is 5～35 quality %, preferred 5～30 quality %, more preferably 5～27 quality %, further preferred 5～25 quality %, preferred especially 5～20 quality %, most preferably 10～20 quality %.
Among the present invention, there is no particular limitation for the content of n-6DPA in the described feedstuff for animal plankton, for example, n-6DPA content in this feed in the TFA of contained lipid is 5～40 quality %, preferred 5～30 quality %, more preferably 5～21 quality %, further preferred 6～20 quality %, preferred especially 7～18 quality %, most preferably 7～15 quality %.
Among the present invention, there is no particular limitation for the content of DHA in the described feedstuff for animal plankton, for example, DHA content in this feed in the TFA of contained lipid is 5～60 quality %, preferred 5～55 quality %, more preferably 5～52 quality %, further preferred 10～40 quality %, preferred especially 15～35 quality %, most preferably 25～35 quality %.
Among the present invention, there is no particular limitation for the ratio of the EPA in the described feedstuff for animal plankton in the TFA of contained lipid, n-6DPA and DHA content.For example, can use the lipid that constitutes by the arbitrary proportion of above-mentioned EPA, n-6DPA and DHA content (combination arbitrarily) in the present invention with respect to the TFA in the lipid of feedstuff for animal plankton.At length, the content of fatty acid that for example can be provided in the TFA of contained lipid in the described feedstuff for animal plankton is: EPA is 5～27 quality %, n-6DPA is 5～21 quality %, and DHA is the feedstuff for animal plankton of 5～52 quality %.
Among the present invention, there is no particular limitation for the amount of the lipid of described feedstuff for animal plankton.The amount of this lipid differs widely according to each method for culturing microbes, mixed proportion, can not represent its content entirely.
Among the present invention, there is no particular limitation for the existence of the lipid of described feedstuff for animal plankton.For example, can be in the complex lipids such as triglyceride, diglyceride, monoglyceride, aliphatic acid, fatty acid methyl ester, fatty-acid ethyl ester, phosphatide, glycolipid any one.
From other viewpoint, the invention provides by adjusting contain the microorganism of EPA or the broken thing of this cell membrane with contain n-6DPA and the microorganism of DHA between the mixing quality ratio, adjusting EPA, n-6DPA and the feedstuff for animal plankton of DHA content and the control method or the production method of lipid are provided.In addition, the lipid content that utilizes this control method or production method to obtain can be adjusted to the effective EPA of seedling production, n-6DPA of young postlarva and the content of DHA.Further, utilize this control method or production method, also can provide the effective EPA of seedling production, the n-6DPA of young postlarva and the feed and the grease of DHA content.
From other viewpoint, it is that EPA is that 5～27 quality %, n-6DPA are that 5～21 quality % and DHA are the lipids of 5～52 quality % that the present invention can provide the fatty acid composition content in the TFA of lipid.
There is no particular limitation for the using method of these lipids, can use separately or mix use with other material.These can use in all affairs relevant with the seedling production of fish Jie class such as production method of for example feedstuff for animal plankton, young postlarva, and also can use in all medicines, food.
Among the present invention, EPA in the described feedstuff for animal plankton in the TFA of contained lipid, n-6DPA and DHA content are the lipid of special ratios and the feed that contains this lipid, even do not use the microorganism that contains EPA and/or contain n-6DPA and the microorganism of DHA, also can be by preparing each composition respectively and mix, perhaps each composition is made in the complex lipids such as triglyceride, diglyceride, monoglyceride, aliphatic acid, fatty acid methyl ester, fatty-acid ethyl ester, phosphatide, glycolipid any one and mix and realize.But,, simple, industrial efficient height when it is made, can make at an easy rate if use the microorganism of the EPA of containing of the present invention and contain n-6DPA and the microorganism of DHA.
In addition, use the microorganism of the EPA of containing of the present invention and contain the situation of the microorganism of n-6DPA and DHA as feedstuff for animal plankton, with prepare each composition respectively and make with feedstuff for animal plankton of the present invention in EPA, n-6DPA in the TFA of contained lipid compare with the feed of the same ratio of DHA content, the former is also preferred aspect effect.
So-called seedling production under the situation of fish, typically refers to from the hatching fry and begins to the process of supporting till the small fish.The small fish that these obtain by seedling production is used for thereafter putting in a suitable place to breed or culturing.Therefore, if seedling production is smooth, can accesses survival rate height, the small fish that flushes, further possess the small fish of various stress reaction patience, so, will be greatly useful to after this breed etc.
From another viewpoint, the invention provides a kind of fortification animal plankton, it comes enriched nutritive by feeding bait with described feedstuff for animal plankton to animal plankton.
From another viewpoint, the invention provides a kind of production method of fortification animal plankton, it comes enriched nutritive by feeding bait with described feedstuff for animal plankton to animal plankton.
From another viewpoint, what the invention provides a kind of animal plankton gives the bait method, and it is by feeding fortification animal plankton that bait is strengthened nutrition for animal plankton with described feedstuff for animal plankton.
From another viewpoint, the invention provides a kind of young postlarva, it is characterized in that, as the bait of young postlarva, use by feeding bait comes enriched nutritive to animal plankton fortification animal plankton with described feedstuff for animal plankton.
From another viewpoint, what the invention provides a kind of young postlarva gives the bait method, it is characterized in that, as the bait of young postlarva, uses by feeding bait comes enriched nutritive to animal plankton fortification animal plankton with described feedstuff for animal plankton.
Among the present invention, provide a kind of method of producing young postlarva, it is characterized in that,, use by feeding bait comes enriched nutritive to animal plankton fortification animal plankton with described feedstuff for animal plankton as the bait of young postlarva.
From another viewpoint, the invention provides a kind of young postlarva, this son postlarva is to obtain by the seedling production that described feedstuff for animal plankton is used for young postlarva.
From another viewpoint, the invention provides the seedling production method of a kind of young postlarva, it is characterized in that the seedling that described feedstuff for animal plankton is used for young postlarva is produced.
From another viewpoint, the invention provides the production method of a kind of young postlarva, it is characterized in that the seedling that described feedstuff for animal plankton is used for young postlarva is produced.
In addition, in the feedstuff for animal plankton of the present invention, can mix this feed feed ingredient in addition and use.There is no particular limitation for feed ingredient beyond this feed, can use the composition that is used as feedstuff for animal plankton usually.For example, can enumerate limnetic chlorella, yeast, fish oil, phosphatide etc.In addition, feedstuff for animal plankton of the present invention can also be used for fish Jie class at the same time or separately independently with the feed ingredient beyond this feed and this feed.
Can use feedstuff for animal plankton of the present invention to carry out not special qualification of fish Jie class of seedling production, can use all fish Jie classes of using animal plankton carry out seedling production.For example, the fish of porgy, flatfish, black porgy, brave Puffer, flounder, Rockfish, Jun, Nian, terrible Rockfish, Yellowtail, Cao Sushi, reddish tone porgy, tuna etc., the shell-fish of blue crab, car shrimp etc., the siphonopods of octopus, cuttlefish etc. etc.Wherein, preferred porgy, flatfish, black porgy, brave Puffer, flounder, more preferably porgy, flatfish.
Feedstuff for animal plankton of the present invention keeps fish Jie class to produce the raising (raising of survival rate) of yield and prevents and kill off the effect of the available visual identity in the past of deformity etc., has this excellent effect of raising of the function aspect of fish Jie class simultaneously.The raising of the function aspect of so-called fish Jie class, referring to can not be with visual identity, but fish Jie class interior function aspect raising.For example, the patience that means stress reaction, the reaction of the physical stress in haulage stage, the artificial processing stress reaction when catching with net when changing tank and transfer to the stress reaction etc. in different water temperature following time improves.In the past, when hang down the function aspect of fish Jie class, existed owing to these operations cause the decline of fish Jie class survival rate, seedling and produced ill situation.
More specifically, the effect of feedstuff for animal plankton of the present invention is, the fortification animal plankton of enriched nutritive carries out the seedling production of young postlarva by giving animal plankton as the bait use of young postlarva with this feed hello bait, can improve the above-mentioned stress reaction patience of young postlarva, therefore, when young postlarva is changed tank, during transportation, when catching, when transferring in the tank of different water temperatures, can prevent survival rate and active reduction of young postlarva with net.Thereby as its result, seedling production becomes better than present situation.
Be considered to have the raising (raising of survival rate) of producing yield usually and prevent and kill off microorganism effect such as deformity, that (a) more EPA of containing, the microorganism, (b) more DPA of containing and DHA, the trace that contain DPA and DHA hardly contain EPA (being below the 5 quality % in the TFA in lipid) and compare, feedstuff for animal plankton of the present invention has very big effect.Particularly this feed is compared with these, has significant effect aspect patience that exposes in to air young postlarva and the patience that low water temperature is exposed.
In the air exposure test, measure said in this specification " artificially handling stress reaction patience ", " to the effect that prevents of artificial processing stress reaction ".This test can by for example will raise certain during after young postlarva be contained on the net, make it in air, to expose certain hour (for example 120 seconds) after, transfer in other identical water temperature, measure necessarily during survival rate after (for example 24 hours) carry out.Thus, if also keep the survival rate height (not dead) of vigor and young postlarva, so, when the seedling of young postlarva was produced, the death when handling also can tail off certainly, and as its result, seedling production is carried out smoothly, and is greatly useful for aquatic products industry.
In low water temperature exposure test, measure said in this specification " low water temperature exposes patience (low temperature stress reaction patience) ", " low water temperature being exposed the effect that prevents of stress reaction ".This test can by for example will 21 ℃ of water temperatures raise down certain during after young postlarva transfer in other tank of 12 ℃ of water temperatures, 13 ℃, 14 ℃ or 15 ℃, measure certain during survival rate after (for example 30 minutes) carry out.Thus, if also keep the survival rate height (not dead) of vigor and young postlarva, so, when the seedling of young postlarva was produced, the death when handling also can tail off certainly, and as its result, seedling production is carried out smoothly, and is greatly useful to aquatic products industry.
According to the present invention, by the broken thing of the cells of microorganisms wall that will contain EPA and contain n-6DPA and the material of the microorganism of DHA as feedstuff for animal plankton, can obtain that low water temperature to young postlarva in the seedling production exposes and the artificial effect that prevents of handling the stress reaction brought.
Promptly, according to the present invention, feed bait with described feedstuff for animal plankton and come the fortification animal plankton of enriched nutritive by using, obtain the effect that the low water temperature that improves this son postlarva exposes patience (low temperature stress reaction patience) and artificial processing stress reaction patience to animal plankton as the bait of young postlarva.In addition, animal planktons such as the fairy shrimp of throwing and feedstuff for animal plankton of the present invention, wheel animalcule have the advantage that its vigor can not descend.
These effects are the very effective effects that in the past do not have, to the seedling production of fish Jie class, the seedling production to young postlarva is greatly useful especially.
Below, enumerate embodiment and be described more specifically the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiment.
Embodiment 1
[preparation of the preparation of feedstuff for animal plankton and fortification animal plankton]
(1-1) preparation of feedstuff for animal plankton
As the raw material of feedstuff for animal plankton, from belonging to 100 liters of the nutrient solutions of ATCC20891 strain, isolates schizochytrium limacinum the thalline of about 3kg.Then, thalline is carried out after freeze drying is handled it being pulverized, obtain the dried powder of 1.2kg.Adding distilled water in this dried powder of 100g becomes 1 liter, utilizes homogenizer, the test feed A that obtains disperseing.
Test feed A is equivalent to contain the microorganism of n-6DPA and DHA.
From intend 5000 liters of microballoon algae culturing liquids, obtain the thalline of 4kg, with its spray-drying again.Adding distilled water in this dried powder of 100g becomes 1 liter, carries out the cell membrane break process with high pressure homogenizer, obtains test feed B.
Test feed B is equivalent to contain the broken thing of cells of microorganisms wall of EPA.
Further, prepare the feed A of 500ml and the feed B of 500ml respectively, and both are mixed, obtain test feed C.
Test feed C is equivalent to this and invents described feedstuff for animal plankton.
Test feed A～C is respectively as the fatty acid analysis sample.
Table 1 shows the aliphatic acid composition of test feed.It is after freeze drying fatty acid analysis sample that aliphatic acid is formed, and extracts lipid with the Bligh-Dyer method, after its esterification, analyzes with gas chromatography.The ratio of fatty acid composition (quality %) is obtained from the area percentage.
As the dried powder of the freeze drying product of used thalline among the test feed A, its moisture is 3.7%, oil content is 58.5%.In addition, as the dried powder of used spray-drying product among the test feed B, its moisture is 7.0%, oil content is 7.5%.
(1-2) preparation of fortification animal plankton
Add test feed and the animal plankton nutrient solution of enriched nutritive is cultivated in limnetic chlorella, and to prepare wheel animalcule respectively be that 1000 individualities/ml, fairy shrimp are 100 individualities/ml, water temperature all maintains 25 ℃.To wherein, add various test feeds so that feed concentration becomes respectively after 2ml/ rises, will provide through (the fortification animal plankton) more than 2 hours and make the fatty acid analysis sample, and as the bait of test fish.Here, wheel animalcule and the fairy shrimp with fortification is called wheel animalcule A～C, fairy shrimp A～C respectively.
The aliphatic acid of table 2 expression fortification wheel animalcule is formed, and the aliphatic acid of table 3 expression fortification fairy shrimp is formed.It is after freeze drying fatty acid analysis sample that aliphatic acid is formed, and extracts lipid with the Bligh-Dyer method, after its esterification, analyzes with gas chromatography.The ratio of fatty acid composition (quality %) is obtained from the area percentage.
Can know that by these aliphatic acid of test feed is formed in the aliphatic acid composition of the animal plankton that is reflected in enriched nutritive.
Use wheel animalcule, the fairy shrimp of enriched nutritive as described above, in embodiment 2 and 3, utilize porgy to carry out feeding experiment respectively.
The fatty acid analysis value of the various test feeds of table 1 expression.Unit is quality %." ND " in the table do not mean and detects.
The table 2 expression fatty acid analysis value of the wheel animalcule of all feeds enriched nutritive.Unit is quality %." ND " in the table do not mean and detects.
The table 3 expression fatty acid analysis value of the fairy shrimp of all feeds enriched nutritive.Unit is quality %.
Table 1
| The aliphatic acid trial zone | Test feed A | Test feed B | Test feed C |
| C14：0 | 0.5 | 3.6 | 0.4 |
| C16：0 | 12.4 | 19.3 | 13.7 |
| C16：1 | 0.3 | 17.8 | 4.3 |
| C18：0 | 27.6 | 0.3 | 18.4 |
| C18：1 | 0.4 | 3.4 | 0.7 |
| C18：2 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.2 |
| C20：4 | 0.8 | 5.9 | 1.0 |
| C20：5(EPA) | 1.5 | 32.3 | 15.0 |
| C22：5(n-6DPA) | 14.1 | ND | 10.6 |
| C22：5(n-3DPA) | 0.1 | ND | ND |
| C22：6(DHA) | 37.8 | ND | 29.1 |
| Other | 4.2 | 17.3 | 6.6 |
| Add up to | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
Table 2
| The aliphatic acid trial zone | Test feed A (fortification wheel animalcule A) | Test feed B (fortification wheel animalcule B) | Test feed C (fortification wheel animalcule C) |
| C14：0 | 3.0 | 2.5 | 2.5 |
| C16：0 | 21.0 | 20.9 | 18.4 |
| C16：1 | 3.4 | 8.2 | 3.5 |
| C18：0 | 3.2 | 3.7 | 3.4 |
| C18：1 | 0.9 | 1.7 | 1.0 |
| C18：2 | 24.4 | 25.5 | 20.6 |
| C20：4 | 2.0 | 3.6 | 2.5 |
| C20：5(EPA) | 0.1 | 19.8 | 9.8 |
| C22：5(n-6DPA) | 10.2 | ND | 6.6 |
| C22：5(n-3DPA) | 0.5 | 1.7 | 0.4 |
| C22：6(DHA) | 22.5 | ND | 17.8 |
| Other | 8.8 | 12.4 | 13.5 |
| Add up to | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
Table 3
| The aliphatic acid trial zone | Test feed A (fortification fairy shrimp A) | Test feed B (fortification fairy shrimp B) | Test feed C (fortification fairy shrimp C) |
| C14：0 | 1.7 | 0.8 | 1.3 |
| C16：0 | 13.7 | 12.7 | 13.1 |
| C16：1 | 4.6 | 7.5 | 5.6 |
| C18：0 | 4.1 | 5.2 | 4.4 |
| C18：1 | 27.9 | 34.3 | 26.6 |
| C18：2 | 3.2 | 4.3 | 3.6 |
| C20：4 | 2.9 | 4.2 | 2.6 |
| C20：5(EPA) | 5.5 | 20.4 | 11.4 |
| C22：5(n-6DPA) | 5.8 | ND | 4.5 |
| C22：5(n-3DPA) | 0.2 | ND | 0.1 |
| C22：6(DHA) | 19.1 | 0.1 | 16.9 |
| Other | 11.3 | 10.5 | 9.9 |
| Add up to | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
Embodiment 2
[using feeding experiment and the air exposure test of the porgy of fortification wheel animalcule]
(2-1) feeding experiment of the porgy of use fortification wheel animalcule
Gained test feed A～C gives wheel animalcule (the fortification wheel animalcule A～C), use porgy for the fish in test, the enforcement feeding experiment of bait as bait in A～C district uses embodiment 1 respectively.
12500 in the porgy embryonated egg Yi Ge district of adopting ovum voluntarily is housed in the Merlon tank of 500 liter capacities, after making it to hatch with the water temperature of laying eggs, water temperature is slowly brought up to 21 ℃.The incubation rate in each district does not have difference all more than 98%.
The interpolation of fortification wheel animalcule A～C is as follows: in each district, the amount of regulating wheel animalcule makes it maintain 5 individualities/ml on the 3rd day from hatching the back, and gave bait 1 time in 1 day.Regulate the amount of wheel animalcule, make it keep 8 individualities/ml on the 10th day, keep 10 individualities/ml from the 15th day from hatching the back, and give bait 2 times sooner or later, the hatching back was finished feeding experiment on the 20th day.
With the fish body after raise finishing as the fatty acid analysis sample.
After raising end, analyze the aliphatic acid of fish body and form, calculate the survival rate and average total length in each district.
(2-2) use the air exposure of the porgy of fortification wheel animalcule to test
In addition,, use net, be exposed in the air after 60 seconds, transfer in the tank of other identical water temperature, observe 24 hours survival rates afterwards raising 100 tail porgies after finishing as air exposure test.
The aliphatic acid of the fish body after the table 4 expression feeding experiment is formed, the result of the survival rate after exposing in the average total length after table 5 expression is raised, survival rate, the air.The A district is meant that fortification wheel animalcule A throws and group, B district are meant that fortification wheel animalcule B throws and group, C district are meant fortification wheel animalcule C throwing and group.It is after freeze drying fatty acid analysis sample that aliphatic acid is formed, and extracts lipid with the Bligh-Dyer method, after its esterification, analyzes with gas chromatography.The ratio of fatty acid composition (quality %) is obtained from the area percentage.
Can know in the table 4 that compare with other district, in the A district, the DHA component is the highest; In the B district, the EPA component is the highest; In the C district, equilibrium contains EPA, n-6DPA and DHA component well simultaneously.Hence one can see that, and the aliphatic acid of test feed and fortification wheel animalcule is formed during aliphatic acid in the fish body that is reflected in after the feeding experiment forms.
From table 5, the average total length in each district be can't see big difference; Survival rate is that the B district is poor, A district and C district are roughly the same.In air exposure test (artificially handling the stress reaction test), the survival rate in the C district is 95.3%, is the highest, then is the order in A district, B district.That is, use the balanced group of containing the feed of EPA, n-6DPA and DHA component well simultaneously, its most pronounced effects.
The aliphatic acid of the pagrosomus fish body after table 4 expression wheel animalcule is tested to bait is formed.Unit is quality %.
The result of the test that the porgy of the various fortification wheel animalcules of bait is given in table 5 expression.Unit is quality %.
Table 4
| The aliphatic acid trial zone | A district (fortification wheel animalcule A throws and the group) | B district (fortification wheel animalcule B throws and the group) | C district (fortification wheel animalcule C throws and the group) |
| C14：0 | 1.7 | 2.3 | 1.8 |
| C16：0 | 20.7 | 23.0 | 22.7 |
| C16：1 | 3.4 | 5.7 | 5.0 |
| C18：0 | 10.0 | 10.8 | 10.6 |
| C18：1 | 11.8 | 11.4 | 10.2 |
| C18：2 | 13.8 | 18.3 | 15.0 |
| C20：4 | 3.5 | 4.1 | 3.6 |
| C20：5(EPA) | 1.5 | 10.5 | 7.6 |
| C22：5(n-6DPA) | 4.1 | 0.1 | 3.8 |
| C22：5(n-3DPA) | 1.2 | 2.9 | 1.3 |
| C22：6(DHA) | 18.7 | 1.8 | 14.3 |
| Other | 9.6 | 9.1 | 4.1 |
| Add up to | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
Table 5
| The evaluation method trial zone | A district (fortification wheel animalcule A throws and the group) | B district (fortification wheel animalcule B throws and the group) | C district (fortification wheel animalcule C throws and the group) |
| Raise when finishing (survival rate %) | 69.3 | 55.7 | 65.5 |
| Total length (mm) | 7.2 | 6.5 | 6.5 |
| Air exposure (survival rate %) | 78.5 | 50.3 | 95.3 |
Embodiment 3
[using feeding experiment, air exposure test and the low water temperature exposure test of the porgy of fortification fairy shrimp]
(3-1) feeding experiment of the porgy of use fortification fairy shrimp
Gained test feed A～C gives fairy shrimp (the fortification fairy shrimp A～C), use porgy for the fish in test, the enforcement feeding experiment of bait as bait in A～C district uses embodiment 1 respectively.
Employed porgy is: the wheel animalcule of using Yi Ge district fish-egg to extract oily enriched nutritive, the porgy embryonated egg of adopting ovum was voluntarily raised the hatching back till the 20th day.Each the district tank in each 2000, it is housed in the Merlon tank of 500 liter capacities, water temperature is adjusted to 21 ℃.The incubation rate in each district does not have difference all more than 98%.
Till back 30 days of hatching, use simultaneously with fish-egg and extract the wheel animalcule of oily enriched nutritive and the fairy shrimp of Yi Ge district test feed enriched nutritive (fortification fairy shrimp A～C), till the 36th day, only give bait fairy shrimp A～C thereafter.
With the wheel animalcule that fish-egg extracts oily enriched nutritive, being adjusted to its amount in raising water is 10 individualities/ml, gives bait 2 times sooner or later; Fortification fairy shrimp A～C sooner or later gives bait with the amount of eating up in 2 hours, and increases lentamente to the bait amount.
With the fish body after raise finishing as the fatty acid analysis sample.
After raising end, analyze the aliphatic acid of fish body and form, calculate the survival rate and average total length in each district.
(3-2) use the air exposure of the porgy of fortification fairy shrimp to test
Again,, use net, be exposed in the air after 120 seconds, transfer to other tank, observe the survival rate after 24 hours raising 100 tail porgies after finishing as air exposure test.
(3-3) the low water temperature exposure test of the porgy of use fortification fairy shrimp
Further, as low water temperature exposure test, observe 100 porgies of raising after finishing and in 12 ℃, 13 ℃, 14 ℃, 15 ℃ low water temperature, expose 30 minutes survival rates afterwards.
Table 6 expression is raised the aliphatic acid of the fish body after finishing and is formed the survival rate of the average total length after table 7 expression is raised, survival rate, air exposure test, low temperature exposure test.The A district is meant that fortification fairy shrimp A throws and group, B district are meant that fortification fairy shrimp B throws and group, C district are meant fortification fairy shrimp C throwing and group.It is after freeze drying fatty acid analysis sample that aliphatic acid is formed, and extracts lipid with the Bligh-Dyer method, after its esterification, analyzes with gas chromatography.The ratio of fatty acid composition (quality %) is obtained from the area percentage.
Can know in the table 6 that compare with other district, D HA component is the highest in the A district, the EPA component is the highest in the B district, and equilibrium contains EPA, n-6DPA and DHA component well simultaneously in the C district.Hence one can see that, and the aliphatic acid of test feed and fortification fairy shrimp is formed during aliphatic acid in the fish body that is reflected in after the feeding experiment forms.
From table 7, the average total length in each district be can't see big difference, and survival rate is not seen variant yet.On the other hand, observe in the air exposure test, A district and B district roughly do not change, and survival rate is the highest in the C district.That is, use the balanced group of containing the feed of EPA, n-6DPA and DHA component well simultaneously, its most pronounced effects.
In addition, the survival rate that low water temperature exposes, when being exposed to 12 ℃, the survival rate in C district is the highest, then is the order in A district, B district.In the time of 13 ℃, also be same order.In the time of 14 ℃, 15 ℃, the B district is low especially survival rate, but can't see difference between A district and C district.The B district is in all exposure tests of 12～15 ℃, and it is low especially that its survival rate is compared with A district and C district.That is, use the balanced group of containing the feed of EPA, n-6DPA and DHA component well simultaneously, its most pronounced effects.
In air exposure test, DHA has the effect that improves air exposure test patience, and this is consistent result's (with reference to non-patent literature 4) with up to the present report.But, report, in the flat porgy in Europe, in the presence of lecithin, improve low water temperature stress reaction patience (with reference to non-patent literature 3) by increasing EPA, but as can be known clear and definite in this result, in the fish body only during individualism EPA not low water temperature patience improve effect; Some improvement are arranged when having n-6DPA and DHA in the fish body; And when equilibrium exists EPA, n-6DPA and DHA well in the fish body, has significant effect.
The aliphatic acid of the pagrosomus fish body after table 6 expression fairy shrimp is tested to bait is formed.Unit is quality %.
The result of the test that the porgy of the various fortification fairy shrimps of bait is given in table 7 expression.Unit is quality %.
Table 6
| The aliphatic acid trial zone | A district (fortification fairy shrimp A throws and the group) | B district (fortification fairy shrimp B throws and the group) | C district (fortification fairy shrimp C throws and the group) |
| C14：0 | 0.8 | 0.5 | 0.7 |
| C16：0 | 15.7 | 16.2 | 16.6 |
| C16：1 | 3.5 | 5.3 | 4.1 |
| C18：0 | 7.4 | 9.0 | 8.1 |
| C18：1 | 24.1 | 33.9 | 26.1 |
| C18：2 | 3.1 | 3.3 | 3.4 |
| C20：4 | 4.6 | 4.9 | 4.6 |
| C20：5(EPA) | 3.8 | 14.4 | 8.7 |
| C22：5(n-6DPA) | 6.9 | 0.2 | 5.2 |
| C22：5(n-3DPA) | 0.4 | 1.3 | 0.6 |
| C22：6(DHA) | 19.3 | 2.2 | 16.5 |
| Other | 10.4 | 8.8 | 5.4 |
| Add up to | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
Table 7
| The evaluation method trial zone | A district (fortification fairy shrimp A throws and the group) | B district (fortification fairy shrimp B throws and the group) | C district (fortification fairy shrimp C throws and the group) |
| Raise when finishing (survival rate %) | 73.2 | 70.3 | 75.1 |
| Total length (mm) | 15.8 | 15.5 | 16.5 |
| Air exposure (survival rate %) | 78.3 | 2.5 | 100.0 |
| Low water temperature exposes 12 ℃ (survival rate %) | 25.0 | 5.0 | 70.0 |
| Low water temperature exposes 13 ℃ (survival rate %) | 80.0 | 0 | 90.0 |
| Low water temperature exposes 14 ℃ (survival rate %) | 100.0 | 10.0 | 100.0 |
| Low water temperature exposes 15 ℃ (survival rate %) | 100.0 | 35.0 | 100.0 |
Claims (16)
1. feedstuff for animal plankton, it contains: contain the cells of microorganisms wall break process thing of eicosapentaenoic acid and the microorganism that contains n-6 clupanodonic acid and DHA.
2. feedstuff for animal plankton according to claim 1, the eicosapentaenoic acid content in the described TFA that contains the lipid that is comprised in the microorganism of eicosapentaenoic acid is 10～50 quality %.
3. feedstuff for animal plankton according to claim 1 and 2, the described microorganism that contains eicosapentaenoic acid are that big eyespot algae is intended microballoon Trentepohlia (Nannnochloropsis.sp).
4. according to any 1 described feedstuff for animal plankton in the claim 1～3, the n-6 clupanodonic acid content in the TFA of the lipid that is comprised in the microorganism of the described n-6 of containing clupanodonic acid and DHA is 5～60 quality %.
5. according to any 1 described feedstuff for animal plankton in the claim 1～4, the DHA content in the TFA of the lipid that is comprised in the microorganism of the described n-6 of containing clupanodonic acid and DHA is 20～80 quality %.
6. according to any 1 described feedstuff for animal plankton in the claim 1～5, the n-6 clupanodonic acid content in the TFA of the lipid that is comprised in the microorganism of the described n-6 of containing clupanodonic acid and DHA is that 5～60 quality %, DHA content are 20～80 quality %.
7. according to any 1 described feedstuff for animal plankton in the claim 1～6, the n-6 clupanodonic acid content in the TFA of the lipid that is comprised in the microorganism of the described n-6 of containing clupanodonic acid and DHA is that 10～30 quality %, DHA content are 30～70 quality %.
8. according to any 1 described feedstuff for animal plankton in the claim 1～7, the microorganism of the described n-6 of containing clupanodonic acid and DHA is that schizochytrium limacinum belongs to (Schizochytrium.sp) or genus thraustochytrium (Thraustochytrium.sp).
9. according to any 1 described feedstuff for animal plankton in the claim 1～8, mass ratio between the microorganism of the described cells of microorganisms wall break process thing that contains eicosapentaenoic acid and the described n-6 of containing clupanodonic acid and DHA, with solids count 1: 9～9: 1.
10. according to any 1 described feedstuff for animal plankton in the claim 1～9, described animal plankton is to be selected from the group of being made up of wheel animalcule, fairy shrimp and water flea a kind or 2 kinds or more than it.
11. according to any 1 described feedstuff for animal plankton in the claim 1～10, the eicosapentaenoic acid content in the TFA of the lipid that is comprised in the described feedstuff for animal plankton is 5～35 quality %.
12. according to any 1 described feedstuff for animal plankton in the claim 1～11, the eicosapentaenoic acid content in the TFA of the lipid that is comprised in the described feedstuff for animal plankton is that 5～27 quality %, n-6 clupanodonic acid content are that 5～21 quality % and DHA content are 5～52 quality %.
13. a method of producing young postlarva, it comprises: as the bait of young postlarva, use by feeding bait with any 1 described feedstuff for animal plankton in the claim 1～12 and give animal plankton and the fortification animal plankton of enriched nutritive.
14. the stress reaction patience imparting agent of fish Jie class, it contains: contain the cells of microorganisms wall break process thing of eicosapentaenoic acid and the microorganism that contains n-6 clupanodonic acid and DHA.
15. stress reaction patience imparting agent according to claim 14, described stress reaction patience is artificially to handle patience.
16. being low water temperatures, stress reaction patience imparting agent according to claim 14, described stress reaction patience expose patience.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003328280 | 2003-09-19 | ||
| JP328280/2003 | 2003-09-19 |
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| CN1852662A true CN1852662A (en) | 2006-10-25 |
| CN100579388C CN100579388C (en) | 2010-01-13 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN200480026955A Expired - Fee Related CN100579388C (en) | 2003-09-19 | 2004-09-17 | Feedstuff for animal plankton |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
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| JP (1) | JP4778792B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20060065719A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN100579388C (en) |
| HK (1) | HK1095491A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2005027651A1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101822323B (en) * | 2009-03-02 | 2012-08-22 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Preparation and application of water emulsion fish oil containing rotifer nutrition enhancer |
| CN103141439A (en) * | 2012-10-23 | 2013-06-12 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Method for fortifying DHA (docosahexenoic acid), EPA (eicosapentenoic acid) and ARA (arachidonic acid) in artemia body |
| CN103141440A (en) * | 2012-10-23 | 2013-06-12 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Method for fortifying amino acid in artemia body |
| CN103156092A (en) * | 2013-03-22 | 2013-06-19 | 山东省海洋水产研究所 | Saltwater fish compound feed taking microalgae flour as fat source and processing method thereof |
| CN113271789A (en) * | 2019-01-03 | 2021-08-17 | 柯碧恩生物技术公司 | Method for producing a lysed cell suspension |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| KR101323873B1 (en) * | 2011-11-03 | 2013-10-30 | 부경대학교 산학협력단 | Novel Nannochloropsis sp. capable high growth and use thereof |
| US8747916B1 (en) | 2012-10-30 | 2014-06-10 | Donald M. Smith | Selecting, producing, and feeding whole algae as a feed supplement for cattle and bison to produce meat high in omega 3's for human health |
| WO2015159700A1 (en) * | 2014-04-15 | 2015-10-22 | 独立行政法人水産総合研究センター | Feed composition for zooplanktons, method for producing same and method for culturing zooplanktons |
| AU2014393411B2 (en) * | 2014-05-08 | 2019-01-31 | Donald M. Smith | Selecting, producing, and feeding whole algae as a feed supplement for cattle and bison to produce meat high in Omega 3's for human health |
| EP3229604A1 (en) | 2014-12-12 | 2017-10-18 | DSM IP Assets B.V. | Feed supplement material for use in aquaculture feed |
| WO2017159461A1 (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2017-09-21 | 株式会社カネカ | Feed composition, method for manufacturing zooplankton, zooplankton, and zooplankton growth promoter and survival rate enhancer |
| US11419350B2 (en) | 2016-07-01 | 2022-08-23 | Corbion Biotech, Inc. | Feed ingredients comprising lysed microbial cells |
| JP7057911B2 (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2022-04-21 | 国立大学法人高知大学 | Yellowtail farming method |
| KR101934550B1 (en) * | 2016-11-03 | 2019-01-02 | 어업회사법인 가비 주식회사 | Method for Artificial Seedlings of Walleye Pollock |
| CN115088649B (en) * | 2022-07-22 | 2023-08-01 | 大连海洋大学 | Industrial circulating water culture method for compensating growth of European jewfish under low-temperature stress |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0222169B1 (en) * | 1985-10-11 | 1990-08-29 | The Nisshin Oil Mills, Ltd. | Feedstuff for artemia |
| JPS6287060A (en) * | 1985-10-11 | 1987-04-21 | Nisshin Oil Mills Ltd:The | Feed for artemia |
| JPH11276091A (en) * | 1998-03-27 | 1999-10-12 | Nisshin Oil Mills Ltd:The | Feed for zooplankton |
-
2004
- 2004-09-17 WO PCT/JP2004/013619 patent/WO2005027651A1/en active Application Filing
- 2004-09-17 KR KR1020067005326A patent/KR20060065719A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-09-17 JP JP2005514053A patent/JP4778792B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-09-17 CN CN200480026955A patent/CN100579388C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101822323B (en) * | 2009-03-02 | 2012-08-22 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Preparation and application of water emulsion fish oil containing rotifer nutrition enhancer |
| CN103141439A (en) * | 2012-10-23 | 2013-06-12 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Method for fortifying DHA (docosahexenoic acid), EPA (eicosapentenoic acid) and ARA (arachidonic acid) in artemia body |
| CN103141440A (en) * | 2012-10-23 | 2013-06-12 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Method for fortifying amino acid in artemia body |
| CN103156092A (en) * | 2013-03-22 | 2013-06-19 | 山东省海洋水产研究所 | Saltwater fish compound feed taking microalgae flour as fat source and processing method thereof |
| CN103156092B (en) * | 2013-03-22 | 2014-11-26 | 山东省海洋水产研究所 | Saltwater fish compound feed taking microalgae flour as fat source and processing method thereof |
| CN113271789A (en) * | 2019-01-03 | 2021-08-17 | 柯碧恩生物技术公司 | Method for producing a lysed cell suspension |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2005027651A1 (en) | 2005-03-31 |
| JP4778792B2 (en) | 2011-09-21 |
| KR20060065719A (en) | 2006-06-14 |
| CN100579388C (en) | 2010-01-13 |
| HK1095491A1 (en) | 2007-05-11 |
| JPWO2005027651A1 (en) | 2007-11-15 |
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