CN1640373A - 吸收性物品 - Google Patents
吸收性物品 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1640373A CN1640373A CNA2004100900355A CN200410090035A CN1640373A CN 1640373 A CN1640373 A CN 1640373A CN A2004100900355 A CNA2004100900355 A CN A2004100900355A CN 200410090035 A CN200410090035 A CN 200410090035A CN 1640373 A CN1640373 A CN 1640373A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- absorbent
- perforated film
- adhesive
- woven fabric
- film
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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Images
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种吸收性物品以及制造上述物品的方法。所述吸收性物品由具有密度从约0.01g/cc到约0.05g/cc的一种吸收性无纺织物构成。所述吸收性无纺织物具有第一主表面和第二主表面。一层开孔薄膜固定到,例如通过摩擦接合或者是用粘合剂固定到所述吸收性无纺织物的第一主表面上。任选地,顶层可以固定到所述无纺织物的第二主表面上。所述吸收性物品可以用作伤口覆盖物,或者作为各种制品的组件,所述制品为例如粘性绷带、一次性尿布以及卫生护理制品。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及吸收性物品。该吸收性物品包括一种吸收材料,所述吸收材料层压到一层开孔薄膜上。本发明的吸收性物品作为各种吸收性制品的组件是有益的,上述制品包括但并不限于卫生护理制品、一次性尿布以及粘性绷带。
发明背景
使用吸收性制品例如卫生巾、一次性尿布以及绷带来吸收体液,例如经血、尿和伤口排出物。这些吸收性制品通常需要其中的吸收垫或者吸收性物品能够吸收大量的体液。在一些例子中,吸收性组件必须能够吸收一定量的体液,所吸收的体液重量比该吸收性组件本身的重量大。而且还希望吸收性制品在吸收其所预计吸收的体液制后,所述吸收性制品的接触身体的表面是干燥的,或者是相对干燥的。还希望在使用过程中,上述吸收性组件不会与皮肤或者伤口部位粘连。
美国专利3,929,135披露了一种包括吸收材料和开孔薄膜的吸收性结构。上述吸收材料例如可以是粉碎的木浆。所述开孔薄膜用作吸收性结构的顶片。所述开孔薄膜在其一侧是平滑的,而在另一侧上具有隆起。所述开孔薄膜的隆起面向吸收材料,从而形成所述吸收性结构。
美国专利4,341,217披露了一种一次性吸收性物品。上述吸收性物品具有由材料例如粉碎木浆制成的吸收芯。具有隆起的开孔薄膜包裹吸收芯。所述开孔薄膜的隆起面向吸收芯的两个主表面。
美国专利6,600,085披露了一种一次性吸收性物品。上述吸收性物品包括夹在两层具有隆起的开孔薄膜层之间的吸收芯。在该物品的一侧,隆起面向吸收芯。在该物品的另一侧,隆起面向远离吸收芯的方向。
尽管已经披露了上述专利,仍旧需要一种具有在使用过程中能够吸收大量的体液但并不与皮肤或伤口粘连的吸收性物品。
发明概述
本发明提供了一种吸收性物品,所述吸收性物品包括一种具有密度从约0.01g/cc到约0.05g/cc的吸收性无纺织物,所述吸收性无纺织物具有第一主表面和第二主表面;以及一层固定到所述吸收性无纺织物的至少一个主表面上的开孔薄膜。所述开孔薄膜可以通过摩擦接合、通过粘合剂或者通过热密封、超声粘合等固定到所述吸收性无纺织物的所述至少一个主表面上。
优选实施例的详细描述
本发明的吸收性物品包括一层开孔薄膜。当所述吸收性物品用作包括一背衬材料和所述吸收性物品的粘性绷带的不粘的伤口接触垫时,所述吸收性物品固定到所述背衬材料上,从而在使用吸收性物品时,吸收性物品的开孔薄膜接触伤口。所述开孔薄膜具有开孔的区域。所述开孔薄膜任选地包括隆起。当所述开孔薄膜包括隆起时,所述薄膜设置为使所述隆起面向所述吸收性无纺织物。
所述开孔薄膜可以是实质上平坦的薄膜,所述薄膜包括开孔并且具有两个相对平滑的主表面。这种类型的开孔薄膜是商业上可得到的,例如是从PGI Inc得到的商标为RETICULONTM的薄膜。
优选地,在本发明的实践中使用的开孔薄膜是具有第一主表面和第二主表面的宏观上可扩张的薄膜。所述第一主表面是相对平滑的。所述第二主表面包括若干隆起,所述隆起在薄膜的制造过程中形成,并且从所述的第二主表面向外延伸出。这种类型的薄膜在美国专利3,929,135中有所披露,该篇文献披露的内容在此引用作为参考。在美国专利3,929,135中披露的这种类型的薄膜是商业上可得到的,其可以从Tredegar Inc.以标号Tredegar X-6799、TredegarX-6845、Tredegar X-6923、Tredegar X-6944以及Tredegar X-6844得到,尤其优选Tredegar X-6944和Tredegar X-6845。
其它在本发明实践中非常有益的薄膜在美国专利4,324,246、美国专利4,342,314、美国专利4,463,045以及美国专利5,006,394中有所披露,上述每篇文献披露的内容引用在此作为参考。
如果本发明的吸收性物品在所述吸收性无纺织物的每一侧上都包括一层开孔薄膜的话,可以在上述两侧上使用同样的开孔薄膜。可替换的,可以在所述吸收性无纺织物的其中一侧上使用一种类型的开孔薄膜,而在其另一侧上使用不同类型的开孔薄膜。
所述开孔薄膜可以由任何合适的聚合材料制成,其包括但并不限于聚乙烯,金属茂催化的聚乙烯,聚丙烯以及它们的共聚物。所述开孔薄膜也可以由乙烯醋酸乙烯酯共聚物和石蜡环氧烷烃共聚物制成,尤其是乙烯甲基丙烯酸酯共聚物。
当本发明的层压材料用作粘性绷带的组件时,一种类型的开孔薄膜可用作本发明粘性绷带的伤口接触表面,而另一种类型的开孔薄膜可以用作背衬材料。但是通常使用同样的开孔薄膜用作伤口接触表面和背衬材料。
所述开孔薄膜可以是在美国专利6,566,577中披露的三维薄膜,该篇文献的披露内容引用在此作为参考。所述开孔薄膜通常由热塑性材料制成。上述开孔薄膜实质上可以由任何热塑性的能形成薄膜的聚合物制成。优选地,上述薄膜具有贴身性但实质上不是弹性体的。优选地,上述薄膜由亲水性聚合物形成或者所述聚合物被处理成亲水性的。合适的聚合物包括但不限于,聚乙烯,聚丙烯,聚酯,聚酰胺例如尼龙,含氟聚合物例如聚偏二氟乙烯或者聚四氟乙烯,以及上述的混合物。优选地,形成薄膜的热塑性聚合物是乙烯甲基丙烯酸酯的共聚物。
优选地,上述热塑性薄膜被压纹和穿孔。术语“压纹”指的是所述薄膜以凸纹形式形成图案,例如,形成隆起的脊或小块,例如通过在美国专利6,566,577中所披露的模压形成。所述的压纹使得薄膜具有粘到伤口上的较小的粘连性。上述脊或小块优选是圆形的,并且优选从薄膜表面的中值平面上伸出0.1到1.5mm。更优选地上述脊或小块从薄膜表面的中值平面上伸出0.2到1.0mm。
优选地,上述热塑性薄膜通过筛网穿孔同时被压纹和穿孔。在该方法中,薄膜被支撑在一个网状筛网表面上,并且加热到其软化温度。然后施加通过筛网的吸力,或者将空气吹到筛网上面的薄膜上,这使得在在薄膜上形成筛网的压痕,并且在筛网的空隙处形成薄膜中的穿孔。筛网穿孔工艺在美国专利3,054,148中有更详细地描述,该篇文献的全文引用在此作为参考。
优选地,上述热塑性薄膜具有从5到50个孔/cm2的穿孔,更优选地从10到30个孔/cm2的穿孔。优选地,所述孔具有从0.01到2.0mm2的面积。开孔面积与连接面积的比率,由所有穿孔的总面积与薄膜的总面积减去穿孔面积所剩余面积的比率而限定,上述两面积都将是考虑的投影平面的,上述比率优选从0.01到1.0,更优选从0.05到0.5,以及最优选从0.1到0.3。
上述热塑性薄膜应可能地薄,与制造过程和使用中的对物理整体性的需求相对应。典型地,所述薄膜具有从1到500g/m2的基重,优选从10到200g/m2。
在本发明吸收性物品中使用的开孔薄膜的开孔面积定义为孔所占的面积。开孔面积可以占开孔薄膜总面积的从约1%到约35%的范围,优选从约4%到约30%。
本发明物品的开孔薄膜可以用亲水性表面活性剂处理,其包括但不限于,山梨(糖)醇月桂酸酯和与环氧乙烷缩聚的山梨(糖)醇酸酐,例如聚山梨酯20,聚山梨酯40,聚山梨酯60以及聚山梨酯80;环氧乙烷/氧化丙烯的共聚物;辛基苯酚乙氧基化物;壬基苯酚乙氧基化物;以及乙氧基化的醇。术语“处理”意旨所述开孔薄膜中的上述表面活性剂在用来制造聚合树脂的聚合过程中已经混入其中,由上述聚合树脂来制造所述开孔薄膜,或者亲水性表面活性剂在制造所述开孔薄膜的过程中混入聚合物中,或者在所述开孔薄膜形成之后用亲水性表面活性剂涂覆。
如果需要,所述薄膜可以包括抗菌有效量的Triclosan(三氯苯氧氯酚)或类似的抗菌药剂。
本发明的吸收性物品可以进一步包括顶层。所述顶层可以包括本领域中已知的任何聚合薄膜。这样的聚合薄膜包括但不限于,聚烯烃薄膜,聚氯乙烯薄膜,上述的开孔薄膜,多微孔的薄膜等。优选多微孔的薄膜。
多微孔的薄膜是商业上可得到的,并且在美国专利6,595,042中有所描述,该篇文献披露的内容引用在此作为参考。多微孔的薄膜可以由任何的聚合体制成,其包括但不限于,聚烯烃,例如聚乙烯,聚丙烯以及它们的混合物。在一个实施例中,所述多微孔的薄膜由线性低密度聚乙烯、低密度聚乙烯以及填充剂碳酸钙的混合物制成。另外,其它的组分,例如抗氧化剂和颜料也可以加入到上述混合物中。
多微孔的薄膜典型地通过将填充剂颗粒混合到聚合体中并且拉伸所得到的材料以形成具有空隙的薄膜而制成,上述空隙由填充剂颗粒引起。混合到聚合体中的填充剂颗粒可在一定的范围内变化。这样的变化包括填充剂的类型、填充剂的数量,填充剂颗粒的大小以及大小分布,填充剂颗粒的表面改性,拉伸薄膜的模式或方法等。上述每一变化都会影响成品多微孔薄膜的形态和性能。在制造薄膜的过程中,上述组分被混合、挤出和压纹。生成的薄膜可以接下来进行拉伸和热加工。这样的方法在美国专利4,777,073中有所教导,该篇文献引用在此作为参考。
上述吸收性无纺织物可以由不同的材料制成,包括人造纤维;天然纤维,例如但不限于,棉纤维和木浆纤维;合成纤维,例如,但不限于聚酯纤维,聚酰胺纤维和聚烯烃纤维以及它们的组合。上述纤维可以是双组分纤维。上述双组分纤维可以为皮芯构造,其中所述皮包括一种聚合物而所述芯包括一种不同的聚合物。也可以使用具有其它构造的双组分纤维,例如并列型。
所述吸收性无纺织物典型地是由实心纤维制成的无纺织物;然而,上述纤维或者是其中的一部分可以是中空纤维。纤度在从约1到约1 5旦尼尔范围的纤维可有利地用于上述吸收性无纺织物。
所述吸收性无纺织物可以具有多个纤维层。所述无纺织物可以同时包括吸收性纤维和合成的非吸收性纤维。所述合成的非吸收性纤维的例子包括但不限于,聚乙烯(″PE″),聚丙烯(″PP″),聚对苯二甲酸乙二(醇)酯(″PET″),双组分纤维,聚酰胺以及它们的组合。优选地,以无纺织物的总重量计,所述无纺织物包含从约70%到约95%重量的合成的非吸收性纤维。在此所用术语“吸收性纤维”指的是那些能够将液体吸引进纤维基体内并将液体保存在基体内的的纤维。合适的吸收性纤维的例子包括但不限于,木浆纤维,棉纤维,人造纤维以及上述的组合。优选地,以无纺织物的总重量计,所述无纺织物包含从约5%到约30%重量的吸收性纤维。更优选地,所述无纺织物包含从约85%到约90%重量的非吸收性纤维和从约10%到约15%重量的吸收性纤维。所述无纺织物可以由这些纤维所形成的均匀混合物来生产,或者优选由这些纤维形成在上述无纺织物中的层状混合物来生产。在后一种情形中,一层纤维层包括全部的合成非吸收性纤维。其它的纤维层可以包括全部的吸收性纤维或者合成非吸收性纤维和吸收性纤维的混合物。当应用层状的无纺织物时,优选完全由非吸收性纤维形成的层位于邻接本发明吸收物品的开孔薄膜的位置。这种层状的混合构造不产生高的毛细压力,并且不从伤口中吸引出太多的水分。
合成的非吸收性纤维可以是不同的纤度和类型。合成的非吸收性纤维的纤度可以在从约1.0单丝纤度(″dpf″)到约15dpt的范围,优选从约3dpf到约10dpf。根据产品,所述无纺织物的基重根据具体的产品可以在在从约30克每平方米(″gsm″)到约150gsm的范围。如果本发明的物品要用作伤口敷料时,所述无纺织物的基重典型地在约从70gsm到约100gsm的范围。如果本发明的物品要用作粘性绷带的伤口接触垫时,所述无纺织物的基重一般在从约30gsm到约60gsm的范围。当用于需要更高吸收能力的更严重伤口时,本发明物品的所述无纺织物的基重可以在从约100gsm到约150gsm的范围。
在设计所述无纺织物时一个关键性能是所述无纺织物的整体密度。构成本发明吸收性物品的所述无纺织物具有从约0.01g/cc到约0.05g/cc的织物密度是有必要的。除了厚度和基重之外,所述无纺织物的密度可以根据纤维的类型和纤度而变化。
申请人知道的从商业上可得到两种使用吸收材料的产品。这些产品中的第一种是由3M公司上市的产品,产品名称为NexCare*三层的纱布垫(NexCare*Triple Layer Gauze Pad)。尽管给其命名了名称,该产品似乎没有使用传统的纱布材料。尤其是,该产品包括熔喷的聚烯烃无纺织物,该无纺织物在其一侧由开孔薄膜覆盖,以及在另一侧由不开孔的阻挡薄膜覆盖。所述熔喷的无纺织物具有约0.08g/cc的密度。申请人所知道的第二种产品是由Johnson & JohnsonConsumer Companies,Inc.上市的产品,产品名称为Johnson & Johnson First Aid*三层不粘垫(Johnson & Johnson First Aid*Triple Layer Non-Stick Pads)。该产品包括由开孔薄膜包裹的梳理棉纤维网。所述的梳理棉纤维网具有0.06g/cc的密度。
虽然上述两种商业上可得到产品的吸收材料的上述密度在用于将液体从伤口吸引出并吸收液体的合适的范围,但是它们在用于提供优良的伤口治疗环境方面并不是最佳的。
已经发现当构成本发明的吸收性物品的所述无纺织物具有从约0.01g/cc到约0.05g/cc的密度,并且包括从约70%到约95%重量的合成非吸收性纤维和从约30%到约5%重量的吸收性纤维时,可得到优良的伤口治疗并容易去除的效果,而且同时保持合适水平的吸收性。认为这样的无纺织物可以产生减小的毛细压力,并且允许该产品减少过度的液体吸收,从而保持伤口潮湿。潮湿的伤口一般有利于更好的治疗。由这样的无纺织物所产生的低毛细压力允许只从伤口吸收额外的液体。另外,由于伤口保持潮湿,所述吸收性物品不与包括伤口的皮肤表面粘连,并且容易地去除而不再受损伤。
本发明的吸收性物品的开孔薄膜和任选的背衬材料可以通过本领域中公知的手段固定到所述的吸收性无纺织物上。例如,可以将一种合适的粘合剂施加到所述吸收性无纺织物的第一主表面上,以及接下来可以将背衬材料粘结到所述吸收性无纺织物上。然后在所述吸收性无纺织物的第二主表面上施加粘合剂,并可以将开孔薄膜粘结到所述吸收性无纺织物上。也可以使用本领域中公知的其它手段,例如超声粘合,热密封等。
当使用粘合剂时,上述粘合剂可以由任何的包括溶解或者分散工艺的聚合工艺制成。上述粘合剂可以是热熔粘合剂。合适的粘合剂的例子包括但不限于那些基于苯乙烯的嵌段共聚物和增粘树脂,例如从HB-Fuller Co.(St.Paul MN)得到的HL-1491,从ATO-Findley(Wawatausa,WI)得到的H-2543以及从NationalStarch & Chemical(Bridgewater,NJ)得到的34-5534。可以使用乙烯共聚物,包括乙烯醋酸乙烯酯共聚物。合适的粘合剂也包括丙烯酸基的、糊精基的和氨基甲酸乙酯基的粘合剂。基于天然和合成弹性体的粘合剂也是合适的。可以使用的其它粘合剂包括无定形的聚烯烃,包括无定形的聚丙烯,例如从HB Fuller得到的HL-1308,或者从Huntsman(Odesssa,TX)得到的REXTAC RT 2373。如果需要,粘合剂可以用商标为KRATON的合成橡胶聚合物或者任选包括增粘剂、抗氧化剂和工艺助剂的天然橡胶来改性。
粘合剂可以在熔化阶段施加,喷涂或是用缝模涂覆。喷涂可以通过控制涂覆、控制编织、控制纤维化、熔喷、胶印涂覆、丝网印刷或者其它的非连续的涂覆方法来进行。
本发明也提供了一种用于制造本发明吸收性物品的方法。该方法包括:将一面具有隆起的开孔薄膜放置在一表面上,其中隆起朝上;将粘合剂施加到密度从约0.01g/cc到约0.05g/cc的吸收性无纺织物的第一主表面上;将已经涂覆粘合剂的所述吸收性无纺织物的第一主表面放置到开孔薄膜上,以及使粘合剂固化。
如果吸收性物品包括前述的顶层,那么将粘合剂施加所述顶层的一个主表面上,并且将已经涂覆粘合剂的所述顶层的主表面与所述吸收性无纺织物的第二主表面保持接触,以及使粘合剂固化。
本发明的吸收性物品可以制成任何所需的形状,包括但不限于圆形,椭圆形,矩形,正方形以及三角形。本发明的吸收性物品的尺寸不是关键的,而且其可以依赖于所需的应用而变化。
本发明的吸收性物品可以用作,例如,伤口包裹物。本发明的吸收性物品也可以用作各种制品的组件,所述制品包括但不限于,用于粘性绷带的伤口接触垫,卫生护理垫,一次性尿布以及用于携带和/或分配抗痒剂、痤疮治疗剂、润湿剂等的用具。对于粘性绷带来说,本发明的吸收性物品的形状可以是正方形,矩形,圆形,椭圆形或者三角形。粘性绷带的尺寸依赖于粘性绷带的形状和将要由粘性绷带所覆盖的伤口尺寸。通常,正方形粘性绷带的尺寸可以在从5cm×5cm到15cm×15cm的范围,优选从7.5cm×7.5cm到12.5cm×12.5cm。矩形粘性绷带的长度可以在从5cm到15cm的范围,优选从7.5cm到12.5cm。矩形粘性绷带的宽度可以在从0.5cm到5cm的范围,优选从1cm到3cm。圆形粘性绷带的外径在从5cm到20cm的范围,优选从7.5cm到17.5cm,更优选从10cm到15cm。
本发明吸收性物品的厚度依赖于其应用而变化,但一般从0.25mm到5mm,优选从1mm到3mm,更优选从1mm到2mm。
当本发明的吸收性物品用作粘性绷带的伤口接触垫时,吸收性物品的无纺织物组件例如用粘合剂固定到绷带的背衬材料上。这使得在成品绷带中,吸收性物品的开孔薄膜朝上,也就是远离背衬材料的涂覆粘合剂的表面。因此,当使用粘性绷带时,吸收性物品的开孔薄膜朝使用者的皮肤取向,并且用作伤口释放层,意味着该层不与使用粘性绷带的伤口粘连。
如果本发明中具有两层的吸收性物品用作粘性绷带的伤口接触垫时,绷带包括开孔的背衬材料,具有两层的吸收性物品的开孔薄膜的开孔面积与开孔的背衬材料的开孔面积可以是相同的或者是不同的。为了减少粘性绷带的伤口接触垫与伤口的接触面积,吸收性物品的开孔薄膜的开孔面积占开孔薄膜总面积的从约1%到约35%的范围,优选从约4%到约30%。与伤口接触面积的减小降低了伤口的剥离力。这使得在去除绷带时对伤口发生较少的再损伤。绷带的开孔背衬材料的开孔面积可以比吸收性物品的开孔薄膜的开孔面积小。使用具有减少开孔面积的开孔背衬材料为了防止所不希望的液体从吸收性无纺材料中渗出。
如上所述,本发明的吸收性物品可以作为其他的传统粘性绷带的伤口接触垫。在这样的粘性绷带的一个特定的实施例中,一个2.54cm×7.6cm的聚乙烯泡沫条带用作粘性绷带的背衬材料。聚乙烯泡沫条带用合适的压敏粘结剂涂覆。将本发明的一片2.54cm×2.54cm的物品放到涂覆粘合剂的泡沫条带的中心,然后固定到泡沫条带上。保护性的可释放片固定到位于伤口接触材料的每一侧上的粘合剂上。然后将作为成品的粘性绷带进行包裹,如包裹在纸包装袋中,以及如果需要再进行消毒。泡沫条带的密度在从0.008g/cm3到0.160g/cm3的范围。泡沫条带可以被穿孔或开孔。穿孔或开孔的尺寸在从0.01mm到5mm的范围。穿孔或开孔的泡沫条带的总开孔面积可以在从10%到80%的范围。所述穿孔或开孔例如可以由热刺穿孔或者超声穿孔形成。所述泡沫背衬材料可以由除了聚乙烯以外的塑料材料制造。对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,将其它的背衬材料,例如聚合薄膜,纺织织物,纱布,纸无纺织物等代替泡沫条带来作为背衬材料是显而易见的。
附图的简要说明
附图1是根据本发明吸收性物品的一个实施例的横断面的分解视图。
现在参照附图,其显示了根据本发明教导的吸收性物品的一个实施例。参照图1,吸收性物品10包括吸收性无纺织物11和开孔薄膜12。吸收性无纺织物11具有第一主表面或者上表面13和第二主表面或者下表面14。开孔薄膜12例如通过粘合剂16固定到吸收性无纺织物11的下表面14上。顶层15是任选的。当存在顶层时,顶层15例如通过粘合剂16固定到吸收性无纺织物11的上表面13上。本领域的普通技术人员可以理解的是顶层15和开孔薄膜12可以通过除了粘合剂之外的手段固定到吸收性无纺织物11上,例如,通过热密封,超声粘合或者是类似手段。当使用粘合剂时,优选以非连续的方式施加,例如,通过喷涂,丝网印刷,凹版印刷或者类以手段。同样地,热密封或者超声粘合也优选以非连续的方式施加。
吸收性无纺织物11可以包括任意所需厚度的单层纤维网。可选择地,吸收性无纺织物11可以包括两层或者多层上述的网。
如果使用顶层15,顶层15可以是与开孔薄膜12同样的材料。优选地,顶层15是多微孔的薄膜。
如图1所示的具有或者不具有顶层15的吸收性物品10可以用作伤口辅料或者覆盖物。当如上所述使用时,所述吸收性物品例如可以用粘性条带将其保持在位。另外,如上所述,吸收性物品10可以用作之前所述的其他的传统粘性绷带的伤口接触垫。
下述的例子用来说明本发明的吸收性物品。这些例子并不能认为是作为对本发明保护范围的限定。
例1
用从PGI Nonwovens得到的商标为RETICULON*的开孔薄膜来制作用作粘性绷带的伤口接触垫。该薄膜具有平滑的上表面和下表面。该薄膜的开孔面积约为28%。
在该例1中使用的吸收性无纺织物为从PGI Nonwovens得到的代码为171-6-6的两层结构的无纺织物。该吸收性无纺织物的顶层,其放置到邻接上述开孔薄膜的位置,该顶层全部由3.0dpf的双组分纤维组成,其中皮为聚乙烯(″PE″),芯为聚对苯二甲酸乙二(醇)酯(″PET″)。代码为171-6-6的无纺织物的顶层具有50克每平方米的基重。吸收性无纺织物的第二层具有40克每平方米的基重,并且包括90%重量的3.0dpf的PE/PET双组分纤维和10%重量的1.5dpf的人造纤维的混合物。代码为171-6-6的无纺织物的密度为0.035克每立方厘米(g/cc)。
在该例1中,代码为6012、商标为RETICULON*的开孔薄膜也可以用作伤口接触垫的顶层15。
例2
使用代码为X-6944的TREDEGAR的开孔薄膜用来制作例2的伤口接触垫。该开孔薄膜的一个主表面包括隆起,所述隆起设置成隆起朝向下面描述的
吸收性无纺织物。该开孔薄膜具有约13%的开孔面积。
在该例2中使用的吸收性无纺织物与在例1中使用的吸收性无纺织物相同,都是代码为171-6-6的两层结构的无纺织物。该吸收性无纺织物的顶层放置到邻接开孔薄膜隆起的位置。
使用从Tredegar Inc得到的代码为X617 W的多微孔聚乙烯薄膜作为伤口接触垫的顶层15。
例3
该例3使用与例2同样的开孔薄膜,也就是代码为X-6944的TREDEGAR薄膜。该薄膜的隆起朝向吸收性无纺织物,所述吸收性无纺织物与在上述例2中使用的无纺织物相同,也就是代码为171-6-6的无纺织物。
使用代码为X-6944的TREDEGAR薄膜作为伤口接触垫的顶层15。
例4
使用在美国专利6,566,577(该篇文献的全文引用在此作为参考)的图2和图3中详细公开和示出的那种类型的聚(乙烯-丙烯酸甲酯)(“EMA”)薄膜作为该例4中的开孔薄膜,该薄膜用在美国专利3,054,148中披露的筛网开孔工艺来制作。所述开孔薄膜通过对放置在纺织带上的EMA薄膜进行筛网开孔来生产。筛网开孔的EMA薄膜的顶面包括连接区域(在美国专利6,566,577中的图2中用附图标记6表示)。如在美国专利6,566,577中的图3中可以看出,该EMA薄膜的背面是平滑的。所述EMA薄膜定位成其平滑表面与下述的吸收性无纺织物的主表面接触。所述EMA薄膜具有4.2%的开孔面积。
用于该例4中的吸收性无纺织物与例1中使用的吸收性无纺织物相同,也就是代码为171-6-6的两层结构的无纺织物。
使用从Tredegar Inc.得到的代码为X617 W的多微孔聚乙烯薄膜作为该例4中的伤口接触垫的顶层15。
例5
该例5使用与在例2使用的同样的开孔薄膜,也就是用代码为X-6944的TREDEGAR的开孔薄膜来制作伤口接触垫。所述开孔薄膜设置成其隆起朝向吸收性无纺织物。
在该例5中使用的吸收性无纺织物为从PGI Nonwovens得到的代码为171-6-5的两层结构的无纺织物。该吸收性无纺织物的顶层,其放置到邻接上述的开孔薄膜的位置,该顶层全部由3.0dpf的PE/PET双组分纤维组成。代码为171-6-5的无纺织物的顶层具有80gsm的基重。吸收性无纺织物的第二层具有40gsm的基重,并且包括90%重量的3.0dpf的PE/PET双组分纤维和10%重量的1.5dpf的人造纤维的混合物。该具有两层的无纺织物的密度为0.046g/cc。
使用从Tredegar得到的代码为X617 W的多微孔聚乙烯薄膜作为伤口接触垫的顶层15。
例6
对于例6来说,使用代码为X-6845的TREDEGAR的开孔薄膜来制作伤口接触垫。该薄膜具有约13%的开孔面积。该开孔薄膜的一个主表面包括隆起,所述隆起设置成隆起朝向吸收性无纺织物。在该例子中使用的吸收性无纺织物为从PGI Nonwovens得到的代码为171-6-4的两层结构的无纺织物。该吸收性无纺织物的顶层全部由10.0dpf的PE/PET双组分纤维组成并且具有25gsm的基重。吸收性无纺织物的第二层具有25gsm的基重,并且包括90%重量的3.0dpf的PE/PET双组分纤维和10%重量的1.5dpf的人造纤维的混合物。代码为171-6-6的无纺织物的密度为0.025g/cc。
使用未开孔的聚烯烃薄膜作为顶层15。
制作样品的工艺
将所选择的用于前述样品的开孔薄膜粘着地层压到所选择的吸收性无纺织物的一个主表面上。对于具有隆起的薄膜,所述隆起取向为朝向所述的吸收性无纺织物的顶层。在每一个例子中,所选择的薄膜和所选择的无纺织物使用用于热熔粘合剂的Nordson电离喷涂系统层压在一起。用于这些例子中的热熔粘合剂是ATO-Findley 3210-02。以同样的方式,接下来将顶层15层压到所述无纺织物的另一个主表面上。如果顶层15包括具有隆起的开孔薄膜,所述隆起朝向吸收性无纺织物。
密度测量
剪切一个2英寸×2英寸的吸收性无纺织物的样品,并将其放置在艾姆斯氏(Ames)厚度测量仪(型号94-077)的下面。将所述的厚度测量仪的底部放到测试样品的上面,所述底边施加每平方英寸0.08磅的压力(″psi″)。记录样品的厚度。接下来将样品放置到天平上并称重。所述吸收性无纺织物的密度由样品的重量除以样品的面积和厚度来测定。
性能的测定
将3英寸×4英寸的样品称重,并放置到盛放有400毫升(“ml”)1%重量的盐溶液的烧杯中。样品在盐溶液中浸泡10分钟。取出样品并将其悬挂2分钟,以允许过多的盐溶液滴落。将样品放置到一个水平面上,并将一片从VWR,Batavia,IL得到的代码为1001-918的Whatman过滤纸放置到样品上。将1.5克的砝码放置到过滤纸的上面搁置30秒钟。30秒之后,去除砝码,并且称过滤纸的重量。然后再将过滤纸放置到样品上搁置30秒钟,并且再称重。上述过程一直重复进行,直到过滤纸的每一次称重的连续的两个称重的差异小于0.5克为止。一旦达到这种平衡,对样品进行称重。最终的性能由平衡样品的湿重减去测试样品的干重进行计算得出。
伤口剥离试验
对于粘性绷带来说,重要的是粘性绷带接触伤口的那一层不与伤口粘连。使用伤口剥离试验来确定粘性绷带不与伤口粘连的性质。对在例子中制备的样品进行测试,并和已知的具有良好伤口剥离性能的在商业上可得到的产品进行比较。试验在母性约克郡猪身体上进行。在进行试验的前一天,动物被麻醉,并且用电动剪将猪背部和两侧的毛去除。将脱毛剂施加到该区域上。10分钟之后,用金属抹刀去除脱毛剂。该区域用淡的肥皂水洗涤并用棉签擦干。第二天,该动物被麻醉,并且在每一侧形成一行12个2.5cm×2.5cm面积的伤口,并且平行于脊柱用Brown Dermatome装置形成0.08cm的深度。用纱布海绵擦拭伤口,并将所述的绷带垂直于脊柱施加到伤口上。一个可拉伸的绷带施加到测试绷带的上面,以防止绷带的移动或去除。
大约24小时之后,动物被麻醉。使用型号(Model)为DFGS2的Chatillon数字式拉力测量仪(Digital Force Gauge)来测定绷带的剥离力,该测量仪带有用5cm的线连接到测试单元底部支柱(post)上的色谱(chromatography)夹头。将保护性的拉伸绷带从动物身体上去除。进行测试的绷带的粘性部分被切除并将其从动物身体上去除,只剩下位于伤口上的伤口接触垫。色谱夹头连接到每一绷带的上部或下部边缘,并且将拉力测量仪调零。将测量仪抬起与伤口表面的平面垂直,直到绳子有力的作用。将测量仪以稳定均匀的速率向后拉,直到绷带从伤口的表面去除。记录去除每一测试垫所需的拉力(以克计)(平均剥离力)。去除垫所需的力越小,垫的伤口剥离性能越好。在伤口接触垫去除之后,对伤口表现的湿度也作视觉上的观察。测试结果显示在表1和表2中。
表1
样品 | 去除力(g) | 无纺织物的密度(g/cc) | 容量(g) |
3M的三层的纱布垫(3M Triple Layer GauzePads) | 96.3 | .08 | 1.5 |
Johnson & Johnson First Aid三层不粘垫(Johnson & Johnson First Aid Triple LayerNon-Stick Pads) | 353 | .06 | 4.0 |
例1 | 282 | .035 | 4.0 |
例2 | 112 | .035 | 4.0 |
例3 | 98 | .035 | 4.0 |
例4 | 80 | .035 | 4.0 |
例5 | 111 | .046 | 8.0 |
例6 | 108 | .025 | 1.0 |
虽然不是最佳值,例1的样品显示出了超过了商业上可获得的Johnson &Johnson不粘垫比较样品的性能。上述改善归因于无纺织物的密度和构成材料的改变。基于将开孔薄膜与低密度的无纺织物相结合,例2,3,4显示了改善的性能。例5具有比例2,3和4的密度和重量稍高的无纺织物。测试结果显示具有非常高的性能和低的剥离力。该类型的样品非常适用于需要较高吸收性能的重伤类型的产品或者卫生护理产品。例6为开孔薄膜和密度非常低的无纺织物的例子。这种类型的样品非常有利于粘性绷带。该样品也显示了极好的伤口剥离性能。
表2
样品 | 剥离力(g) | 容量(g) | 伤口的湿度外观(%) | 伤口外观的平均再损伤(%) |
例1 | 282 | 4.0 | 58 | 8 |
例2 | 80 | 4.0 | 100 | 0 |
表2表明当实施例1和4在伤口剥离力的方面进行了改进,伤口外观具有较高的湿度,并且去除垫时的再损伤减少了。
Claims (11)
1.一种吸收性物品,其包括:
一种具有密度从约0.01g/cc到约0.05g/cc的吸收性无纺织物,所述吸收性无纺织物具有第一主表面和第二主表面;以及
一层固定到所述吸收性无纺织物的至少一个主表面上的开孔薄膜。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制品,其特征在于:所述无纺织物包括从约70%到约95%重量的合成的非吸收性纤维和从约5-约30重量%的吸收性纤维的混合物,并且所述无纺织物的基重在从约30gsm到约150gsm的范围内。
3.根据权利要求1所述的制品,其特征在于:所述物品是用于粘性绷带的伤口接触垫。
4.根据权利要求1所述的制品,其特征在于:所述开孔薄膜的开孔面积占所述开孔薄膜总面积的从约5%到约30%的范围。
5.根据权利要求4所述的制品,其特征在于:所述开孔薄膜的所述开孔面积占所述开孔薄膜总面积的从约10%到约25%的范围。
6.根据权利要求1所述的制品,其特征在于:进一步包括固定到所述无纺织物的第二主表面上的一个顶层。
7.根据权利要求6所述的制品,其特征在于:所述顶层材料是一层微孔薄膜。
8.根据权利要求7所述的制品,其特征在于:所述物品是一次性尿布、卫生护理垫以及粘性绷带中的一种。
9.制造一种吸收性物品的方法,其包括:
将一层开孔薄膜以其一个主表面朝上放置在一表面上;
将粘合剂施加到密度从约0.01g/cc到约0.05g/cc的吸收性无纺织物的第一主表面上;
将已经涂覆粘合剂的所述吸收性无纺织物的第一主表面放置到开孔薄膜朝上的第一主表面上;并且使粘合剂固化。
10.根据权利要求9所述的方法,其特征在于:所述物品是尿布、卫生垫以及粘性绷带中的一种。
11.根据权利要求9所述的方法,其特征在于:所述开孔薄膜的所述第一主表面包括隆起。
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US10/656,428 | 2003-09-05 | ||
US10/656,428 US20050054998A1 (en) | 2003-09-05 | 2003-09-05 | Absorbent article |
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US (3) | US20050054998A1 (zh) |
EP (2) | EP1520687B2 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP4633415B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1640373B (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2004208679B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BRPI0403814A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2480565A1 (zh) |
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ZA (1) | ZA200407072B (zh) |
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CN105208990A (zh) * | 2013-04-18 | 2015-12-30 | Gdm股份公司 | 吸收卫生制品以及制造该制品的机器 |
CN113242726A (zh) * | 2018-12-21 | 2021-08-10 | 保罗·哈特曼股份公司 | 具有硅酮伤口接触层的超吸收性伤口敷料 |
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- 2004-09-03 ZA ZA200407072A patent/ZA200407072B/en unknown
- 2004-09-03 AU AU2004208679A patent/AU2004208679B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2004-09-03 JP JP2004257453A patent/JP4633415B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-09-03 DE DE602004004337T patent/DE602004004337T3/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-09-03 EP EP04255367A patent/EP1520687B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-09-03 EP EP07000395A patent/EP1880840B1/en not_active Revoked
- 2004-09-03 CA CA002480565A patent/CA2480565A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-09-06 CN CN2004100900355A patent/CN1640373B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103596598A (zh) * | 2011-06-06 | 2014-02-19 | 柯惠有限合伙公司 | 敷料及其相关制备方法 |
CN103596598B (zh) * | 2011-06-06 | 2015-11-25 | 柯惠有限合伙公司 | 敷料及其相关制备方法 |
CN105208990A (zh) * | 2013-04-18 | 2015-12-30 | Gdm股份公司 | 吸收卫生制品以及制造该制品的机器 |
CN105208990B (zh) * | 2013-04-18 | 2019-11-05 | Gdm股份公司 | 吸收卫生制品以及制造该制品的机器 |
CN113242726A (zh) * | 2018-12-21 | 2021-08-10 | 保罗·哈特曼股份公司 | 具有硅酮伤口接触层的超吸收性伤口敷料 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP4633415B2 (ja) | 2011-02-16 |
ZA200407072B (en) | 2006-05-31 |
DE602004004337D1 (de) | 2007-03-08 |
AU2004208679A1 (en) | 2005-03-24 |
EP1880840B1 (en) | 2010-06-30 |
US20050054998A1 (en) | 2005-03-10 |
US20090216210A1 (en) | 2009-08-27 |
EP1880840A1 (en) | 2008-01-23 |
CA2480565A1 (en) | 2005-03-05 |
BRPI0403814A (pt) | 2005-06-07 |
US20070299415A1 (en) | 2007-12-27 |
EP1520687A1 (en) | 2005-04-06 |
AU2004208679B2 (en) | 2010-10-14 |
EP1520687B2 (en) | 2010-09-08 |
CN1640373B (zh) | 2010-05-26 |
DE602004027964D1 (de) | 2010-08-12 |
EP1520687B1 (en) | 2007-01-17 |
DE602004004337T3 (de) | 2011-04-14 |
JP2005095614A (ja) | 2005-04-14 |
DE602004004337T2 (de) | 2007-06-21 |
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