CN1525166A - Soil ground respiration determination method and device thereof - Google Patents
Soil ground respiration determination method and device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN1525166A CN1525166A CNA031110606A CN03111060A CN1525166A CN 1525166 A CN1525166 A CN 1525166A CN A031110606 A CNA031110606 A CN A031110606A CN 03111060 A CN03111060 A CN 03111060A CN 1525166 A CN1525166 A CN 1525166A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a soil basic respiration determining technique, concretely a soil basic respiration determining method and device. It uses absorbing plate as CO2 absorbing device, places soil sample at the bottom of a sealed container, places the absorbing plate in or below the middle of the sealed container and above the soil sample, makes routine culture, then takes out the absorbing plate and add in indicator and mix, and directly titrates in the absorbing plate, and then finds out the CO2 quantity released by the soil during the culture; its device includes a sealed container, splint, and supporting rod, where the supporting rod passes through the container cover and is installed with the splint in the sealed container and the absorbing plate is placed on the splint. It has good repetition and excellent stability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to soil basic respiration determining technique, specifically a kind of soil basic respiration determining method and device thereof.
Background technology
The research of soil base respiration aspect is emphasis (the document 1:Pekka Vanhala of soil biochemistry, agricultural microclimate, soil microbiology and soil environment biological study always, Seasonalvariation in the soil respiration rate in coniferous forest soils, Soil Biology ﹠amp; Biochemistry, 34 (2002): 1375-1379).In recent years, because global CO
2Concentration raises, and the trend of global warming is more and more obvious, and the frequency that unusual weather conditions year takes place is more and more faster, and the research of relevant whole world change more and more is subject to people's attention (document 2:Lindsey E.Rustad, Thomas G.Huntington ， ﹠amp; Richard D.Boone, Controls on soil respiration:Implications forclimate change, Biogeochemistry, 48 (2000); 1-6).Relation between the Global Change and Terrestrial Ecosystem, GCTE is subjected to people too and pays close attention to, the major project that the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) council subsidized in Tenth Five-Year Plan Period is that " Deposits in Eastern Coastal China area whole world change and the research of ecosystem interaction mechanism " is exactly to carry out related fields research, and the variation of intensity of soil respiration is very important research contents (document 3:William H.Schelesinger﹠amp in the global change research due system; Jeffery A.Andera, Soil respiration and the global carbon cycle, Biogeochemistry, 48 (2000); 7-20).Because soil respiration is subjected to many-sided factor affecting, such as temperature, humidity, soil microbial activities, the activity of soil animal, soil physics, chemical characteristic, the agricultural production measure, the soil utilizes mode or the like can influence soil base respiration intensity, therefore intensity of soil respiration be one comprehensive, characterize biological indicator (the document 4:K.Franzluebbers of ecosystem feature, A.J.Franzluebbers, and M.D.jawson, Environmental Controlson soil and whole-ecosystem respiration from a tall grass prairie, Soil Sci.Soc.Am.J.66 (2002): 254-262), research terrestrial ecosystems and whole world change response mechanism are had great importance, to CO in the global atmosphere
2Concentration affects has irreplaceable effect (document 5:Miguel Quemada, Estrella Menacho, Soil respiration 1 year after sewage sludgeapplication, Biol.Fertil.Soils, 33 (2001): 344-346).Over nearly 10 years, the research of diversity of the research of relevant soil base respiration intensity and relevant therewith soil microbial activities, soil microorganism and the aspects such as population structure of soil microorganism becomes focus (the document 6:M.C.Savin of people's research once more, J.H.Gorres, D.A.Neber, J.A.Amador, Biogeophysicalfactors influencing soil respiration and mineral nitrogen content in an old fieldsoil, Soil Biology ﹠amp; Biochemistry, 33 (2001): 429-438).At home, the Department of Science and Technology has set up the national great basic planned project (973 project) of terrestrial ecosystems carbon cycle aspect, the Chinese Academy of Sciences has set up knowledge innovation major project " Chinese land and coastal waters ecosystem carbon revenue and expenditure research ", and the joint study of the Chinese Government aspect of relevant soil carbon deposition with Canadian government also launches in two countries just in high gear; Abroad, the project of relevant soil carbon deposition aspect is more, the research of the different ecological system carbon cycle aspect of setting up such as the American National fund, the research of soil ecosystem carbon deposition aspect, soil carbon circulation and great project of greenhouse effect or the like that United States Department of Agriculture sets up show that people are opening the veil of aspects such as relevant ecosystem carbon cycle feature, mechanism, mechanism gradually.In above-mentioned these research projects, the research of relevant soil base respiration intensity aspect becomes the emphasis that everybody pays close attention to bar none.
Just as previously mentioned, intensity of soil respiration is (the document 7:ReinkeJ.J. that is subjected to multiple controlling factors, Adriano D.C.and Mcleod K.W., Effects of litter alteration on carbondioxide from a South Carolina pine forest floor, Soil Sci.Soc.Am.J, 1981,45; 620～623), how to measure the emphasis that soil base respiration intensity becomes people's common concern and exploration exactly.At present, the assay method of relevant soil base respiration intensity has following several:
1. micrometeorology method: utilize the micrometeorology method, calculate supposition soil base respiration intensity according to meteorological indexs such as wind speed, wind direction, temperature, ground temperature, photosynthetically active radiation and precipitation intensities, obtain the numerical value of soil carbon flux near the ground to the greatest extent, disclose different soils and utilize soil carbon round-robin spatial and temporal variation rule (document 8:P.J.Hanson under the condition, N.T.Edwards, C.T.Garten ﹠amp; J.A.Anderws, Separating root and soil microbial contributions to soil respiration:Areview of method and observations, Biogeochemistry, 48 (2000); 115-146).
2. static chamber method: comprise two kinds of methods of lucifuge type and transparent type static chamber, these two kinds of methods are to utilize under the condition in different soils, utilize casing to collect the CO of soil or plant discharging
2, gather the gas sample with syringe, take back the laboratory and utilize chromatography of gases to divide CO in the gassing sample
2Concentration, calculate soil base respiration intensity (document 9:Pajari B. in view of the above, Soil respiration in a poor upland site ofScots pine stand subjected to elevated temperatures and atmospheric carbonconcentration, Plant and Soil, 1995,168-169, STBZ II (10): 563-570).This is the wider method of using at present, and its advantage is that the result is stable, favorable reproducibility, but need the great amount of manpower and material resources input in the use, the insufficient place of funds is difficult to utilize.In addition, at present domestic unit with chromatography of gases analyser neither be a lot, some grass-roots units especially, and both No Funds was purchased, also the impotentia care and maintenance.Simultaneously, the operation and maintenance of chromatography of gases is also very complicated, has also limited application (document 8:P.J.Hanson, N.T.Edwards, the C.T.Garten ﹠amp of this method on the contrary just because of the expense of costliness and accurate instrument; J.A.Anderws, Separating root andsoil microbial contributions to soil respiration:A review of method andobservations, Biogeochemistry, 48 (2000); 115-146).
3. indoor cultivation method: this method is more original a kind of method, also is one of the many methods of using at present.It is to gather pedotheque earlier, puts into closed container, then in laboratory cultures, absorbs the CO that soil discharges with NaOH in the training period
2, utilize the NaOH of diluted acid overtitration then, obtain according to the NaOH amount that consumes that soil discharges CO between culture period
2Intensity.This method is simple, easy to operate, does not need the instrument and the expensive expense of large-scale precision, and shortcoming is to reflect base respiration intensity under the soil virgin state, belongs to a kind of method of lab simulation.When utilizing this method, technical matters is to fill the beaker of NaOH and the bottom that pedotheque all places container, and the worksheet area of beaker and pedotheque is all enough not big, so, measurement result is just unstable, also has the transfer process from the beaker to the triangular flask in addition, and repeatability is undesirable.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of good reproducibility, excellent soil basic respiration determining method and the device thereof of stability.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: adopt the indoor cultivation method, it is characterized in that: be CO with the absorption tray
2Absorption plant, with pedotheque place the bottom of closed container, absorption tray be placed on the middle part of closed container or middle part on the lower side the position, in the pedotheque top, add in it and be used to absorb CO
2NaOH, the conventional cultivation then will absorption tray be taken out and be stirred after adding indicator, and in absorption tray direct titration, obtain the CO that soil in the training period discharges
2Amount;
Described soil basic respiration determining method equipment therefor comprises airtight container, also comprises absorption tray, supporting plate, pole, and wherein: pole is passed container cover and is installed together with supporting plate in container, places absorption tray on the supporting plate; The middle part that is positioned at closed container or middle part position is on the lower side put in described absorption tray, pedotheque is placed the bottom of closed container;
Add a frenulum, the one end is installed on the pole, and the other end is connected with frenulum or pole around the absorption tray side wall perimeter.
The principle of the invention is: but utilize closed container, with CO
2Absorption tray is placed on the centre of container, promptly helps CO
2Absorption, also make the surface area of absorption tray enough big, can guarantee the CO that pedotheque is discharged
2All absorb among the absorption tray NaOH, pedotheque is placed on the bottom of container, CO
2Can better discharge; In addition, titration process directly carries out in absorption tray, has avoided liquid to shift the loss that brings, and the repeatability of experimental result and stability all are improved.
Compared with prior art, in the time of advantage that the present invention has inherited is simple, save time, expense is little, also have a following advantage:
1. technology is simple, is convenient to operation, repeatability, good stability.When measuring soil base respiration, core problem is accepting CO
2Device be placed on problem where in the closed container.Be the bottom that beaker and pedotheque all are placed on container in the prior art, put beaker during operation earlier, put pedotheque again, in case sample particle falls into the beaker experiment just with all that has been achieved is spoiled, after putting pedotheque earlier, put beaker, do not know to stay great space experimental implementation inconvenience again to beaker.The present invention is with CO
2Absorption tray be fixed on the middle part of closed container or middle part position on the lower side, the benefit of bringing is respectively: 1) can put pedotheque earlier, put absorption tray again, it is very convenient to operate.2) the absorption tray area is controlled, does not account for the bottom surface product, can arrive greatly less than airtight container internal diameter size, because the surface area of absorption tray is enough big, absorbs CO again
2Ability more intense; On the other hand, adopt the sealing container bottom that is in the layout of that the pedotheque of collection of the present invention can approach as far as possible, its surface area can be airtight container floorage size, favourable soil release CO
2So that the repeatability of experimental result is better, the coefficient of variation reduces, the stability of experiment effect is better.3) reduced the operation steps of testing, made experimentation simpler and more direct.
2. determination data is reliable.The pedotheque of gathering has been avoided the transfer process from the beaker to the triangular flask of indoor cultivation method in the prior art in the mensuration process, promptly increased the stability of measuring; Again since the present invention can be in absorption tray direct titration, reduced that liquid shifts and harmful effect that experiment is produced, the loss of having avoided the liquid transfer process to bring, determination data is reliable.
3. applied widely.Utilize this device to measure soil base respiration intensity, be fit to various soil, comprise some immersion soil, and be applicable to and carry out large-area networking study on monitoring.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the inventive method equipment therefor structural representation.
Fig. 2 is another example structure synoptic diagram of the inventive method equipment therefor.
Embodiment
Embodiment
1. assay method of the present invention: adopting the indoor cultivation method, is CO with the absorption tray
2Absorption plant, with pedotheque place the bottom of closed container, absorption tray be placed on the middle part of closed container, in the pedotheque top, add in it and be used to absorb CO
2NaOH, after conventional the cultivation absorption tray is taken out, in absorption tray, add indicator, be placed on the stirrer and stir, and in absorption tray direct titration, the acidometric titration excess NaOH that the present embodiment utilization was demarcated, again according to the amount of NaOH actual consumption, obtain the CO that soil in the training period discharges
2Amount then divided by the soil dry weight, is obtained the CO that every gram dry ground discharges
2Amount.
2. assay method equipment therefor of the present invention: as shown in Figure 1, mainly comprise airtight container, absorption tray, supporting plate, pole, wherein: pole 1 is passed container cover 4, is installed together with supporting plate 6 in container 7 by nut 2, rubber cushion 3, places absorption tray 5 on the supporting plate 6; 5 middle parts that are positioned at closed container 7 are put in described absorption tray.
Concrete operations are as follows:
1. will place the bottom of closed container 7 from the pedotheque of field acquisition;
2. be fixed for accepting CO in airtight container 7 middle parts
2Absorption tray 5, be placed on the central authorities of closed container 7 with supporting plate 6;
3. put into excess NaOH in the absorption tray 5, be used for absorbing the CO that the soil respiratory discharges
2Constant temperature oven (is put in the conventional back that finishes of cultivating, the control temperature is 28 ℃, time is 24 hours), absorption tray 5 is taken out, in absorption tray 5, add indicator, be placed on the stirrer, and utilize the acid direct titration excess NaOH in absorption tray 5 demarcated, according to the amount of NaOH actual consumption, obtain the CO that soil in the training period discharges
2Amount is transformed into soil base respiration intensity again.
Utilize former indoor cultivation method and the present invention to improve one's methods and measure the base respiration intensity of different times soil, the results are shown in table 1, by table 1 as can be seen, utilize improved method to measure soil base respiration intensity, its coefficient of variation is far smaller than former indoor cultivation method, and illustrative experiment result is more stable and more reliable.
Absorption tray 5 these key devices of the present invention make the indoor cultivation method measure CO
2It is simpler and more direct and more easy to operate that concentration becomes; Can be in absorption tray 5 direct titration, simplified experimental procedure, make this method be easier to operation.
In addition, of the present inventionly be used to accept CO
2Absorption tray 5 can place the on the low side of closed container 7 in medium position; Absorption tray 5 is stable to place on the supporting plate 6 in order to make, and present embodiment can add a frenulum 8, and the one end is installed on the pole 1, and the other end is interlocked around absorption tray side wall perimeter and frenulum 8 or pole 1, or utilizes the plastic tape as frenulum 8 to tie up on the pole CO
2Absorption tray 5 be fixed on the pallet, referring to Fig. 2.
Comparative example
To place the bottom of closed container from the pedotheque of field acquisition, in small beaker, add excess NaOH, also place the bottom of closed container, be used for absorbing the CO that the soil respiratory discharges
2After cultivation finishes, take out small beaker, its inner NaOH solution is moved in the triangular flask, use distilled water flushing small beaker three times, and also move to washing fluid in the triangular flask, in triangular flask, add indicator, utilize the acidometric titration excess NaOH demarcated,, obtain the CO that soil in the training period discharges according to the amount of NaOH actual consumption
2Amount is transformed into soil base respiration intensity by corresponding formulas again.If small beaker is too little, corresponding N aOH absorption liquid need be transferred in the triangular flask, add indicator then and carry out titration.
Table 1 utilizes distinct methods to measure soil CO
2Respiratory intensity is the table of comparisons as a result
| Repeat number | Anthropogenic soil | Fallow soil | Timbered soil | |||
| Former indoor cultivation method | The present invention improves one's methods | Former indoor cultivation method | The present invention improves one's methods | Former indoor cultivation method | The present invention improves one's methods | |
| ??1 | ????279.4 | ????284.6 | ????187.5 | ????179.1 | ????218.7 | ????226.5 |
| ??2 | ????298.7 | ????258.7 | ????135.8 | ????164.3 | ????251.6 | ????240.1 |
| ??3 | ????236.5 | ????269.1 | ????159.6 | ????159.2 | ????233.2 | ????218.4 |
| ??4 | ????223.2 | ????297.2 | ????148.2 | ????169.5 | ????148.4 | ????229.6 |
| ??5 | ????309.8 | ????245.4 | ????168.5 | ????183.4 | ????201.3 | ????198.1 |
| Mean value | ????269.52 | ????277.40 | ????159.92 | ????171.10 | ????210.64 | ????222.54 |
| Standard deviation | ????38.10 | ????16.96 | ????19.71 | ????10.07 | ????39.41 | ????15.72 |
| Coefficient of variation % | ????14.14 | ????6.11 | ????12.32 | ????5.89 | ????18.71 | ????7.06 |
Claims (3)
1. a soil basic respiration determining method adopts the indoor cultivation method, it is characterized in that: be CO with the absorption tray
2Absorption plant, with pedotheque place the bottom of closed container, absorption tray be placed on the middle part of closed container or middle part on the lower side the position, in the pedotheque top, add in it and be used to absorb CO
2NaOH, the conventional cultivation then will absorption tray be taken out and be stirred after adding indicator, and in absorption tray direct titration, obtain the CO that soil in the training period discharges
2Amount.
2. one kind according to the described soil basic respiration determining method of claim 1 equipment therefor, comprise airtight container, it is characterized in that: also comprise absorption tray, supporting plate, pole, wherein: pole (1) is passed container cover (4) and is installed together with supporting plate (6) in container (7), and supporting plate (6) is gone up and placed absorption tray (5); Described absorption tray is put (5) and is positioned at the middle part of closed container (7) or middle part position on the lower side, pedotheque is placed the bottom of closed container.
3. according to the described soil basic respiration determining method of claim 2 equipment therefor, it is characterized in that: add a frenulum (8), the one end is installed on the pole (1), and the other end is connected with frenulum (8) or pole (1) around the absorption tray side wall perimeter.
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| CNA031110606A CN1525166A (en) | 2003-02-26 | 2003-02-26 | Soil ground respiration determination method and device thereof |
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| CNA031110606A CN1525166A (en) | 2003-02-26 | 2003-02-26 | Soil ground respiration determination method and device thereof |
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| CNA031110606A Pending CN1525166A (en) | 2003-02-26 | 2003-02-26 | Soil ground respiration determination method and device thereof |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101256185B (en) * | 2008-04-16 | 2010-12-15 | 北京科技大学 | Apparatus for measuring oxygen content in slurry |
| CN102507903A (en) * | 2011-11-03 | 2012-06-20 | 东华大学 | Experimental device and method for determining soil respiration action in drying process |
| CN102901795A (en) * | 2012-10-16 | 2013-01-30 | 熊鹏 | Simple method for determining alcohol concentration of fermentation broth in real time during alcoholic fermentation |
| CN103293291A (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2013-09-11 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Respiration intensity determination device for roots of field crops at different depths |
| CN104165889A (en) * | 2014-08-22 | 2014-11-26 | 兰州大学 | CO2 dynamic closed recirculation absorption method and device |
| CN105004853A (en) * | 2015-08-05 | 2015-10-28 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | Method for distinguishing biological soil crust and subsoil basic respiration of biological soil |
| CN111812089A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-10-23 | 北京林业大学 | Mineralization of CO by organic carbon in soil2Device and method for continuously measuring release amount |
| CN113432909A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2021-09-24 | 吉林省林业科学研究院 | Forest soil collection system |
-
2003
- 2003-02-26 CN CNA031110606A patent/CN1525166A/en active Pending
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101256185B (en) * | 2008-04-16 | 2010-12-15 | 北京科技大学 | Apparatus for measuring oxygen content in slurry |
| CN102507903A (en) * | 2011-11-03 | 2012-06-20 | 东华大学 | Experimental device and method for determining soil respiration action in drying process |
| CN102901795A (en) * | 2012-10-16 | 2013-01-30 | 熊鹏 | Simple method for determining alcohol concentration of fermentation broth in real time during alcoholic fermentation |
| CN103293291A (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2013-09-11 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Respiration intensity determination device for roots of field crops at different depths |
| CN104165889A (en) * | 2014-08-22 | 2014-11-26 | 兰州大学 | CO2 dynamic closed recirculation absorption method and device |
| CN105004853A (en) * | 2015-08-05 | 2015-10-28 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | Method for distinguishing biological soil crust and subsoil basic respiration of biological soil |
| CN105004853B (en) * | 2015-08-05 | 2016-09-07 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | A kind of method distinguishing Biological Soil Crusts and lower soil base respiration thereof |
| CN111812089A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-10-23 | 北京林业大学 | Mineralization of CO by organic carbon in soil2Device and method for continuously measuring release amount |
| CN113432909A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2021-09-24 | 吉林省林业科学研究院 | Forest soil collection system |
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