[go: up one dir, main page]
More Web Proxy on the site http://driver.im/

CN1439661A - “多组份/多相”绿色乳胶手套的制备 - Google Patents

“多组份/多相”绿色乳胶手套的制备 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN1439661A
CN1439661A CN 02110870 CN02110870A CN1439661A CN 1439661 A CN1439661 A CN 1439661A CN 02110870 CN02110870 CN 02110870 CN 02110870 A CN02110870 A CN 02110870A CN 1439661 A CN1439661 A CN 1439661A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
latex
many components
aqueous dispersion
polyvalent alcohol
alcohol
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN 02110870
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
苏宗球
许胜�
袁荞龙
尧小新
顾琳
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SHANGHAI SHENGDA MEDICAL APPLICATIONS CO Ltd
Original Assignee
SHANGHAI SHENGDA MEDICAL APPLICATIONS CO Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SHANGHAI SHENGDA MEDICAL APPLICATIONS CO Ltd filed Critical SHANGHAI SHENGDA MEDICAL APPLICATIONS CO Ltd
Priority to CN 02110870 priority Critical patent/CN1439661A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2002/000438 priority patent/WO2003070811A1/zh
Priority to AU2002318706A priority patent/AU2002318706A1/en
Publication of CN1439661A publication Critical patent/CN1439661A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/08Processes
    • C08G18/0804Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups
    • C08G18/0819Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups containing anionic or anionogenic groups
    • C08G18/0823Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups containing anionic or anionogenic groups containing carboxylate salt groups or groups forming them
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/08Processes
    • C08G18/10Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step
    • C08G18/12Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step using two or more compounds having active hydrogen in the first polymerisation step
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/4009Two or more macromolecular compounds not provided for in one single group of groups C08G18/42 - C08G18/64
    • C08G18/4018Mixtures of compounds of group C08G18/42 with compounds of group C08G18/48
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/42Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
    • C08G18/4236Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing only aliphatic groups
    • C08G18/4238Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing only aliphatic groups derived from dicarboxylic acids and dialcohols
    • C08G18/4241Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing only aliphatic groups derived from dicarboxylic acids and dialcohols from dicarboxylic acids and dialcohols in combination with polycarboxylic acids and/or polyhydroxy compounds which are at least trifunctional
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/65Low-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen with high-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/66Compounds of groups C08G18/42, C08G18/48, or C08G18/52
    • C08G18/6633Compounds of group C08G18/42
    • C08G18/6659Compounds of group C08G18/42 with compounds of group C08G18/34
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/70Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
    • C08G18/72Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
    • C08G18/74Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
    • C08G18/75Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic
    • C08G18/751Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic containing only one cycloaliphatic ring
    • C08G18/752Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic containing only one cycloaliphatic ring containing at least one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group
    • C08G18/753Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic containing only one cycloaliphatic ring containing at least one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group containing one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group having a primary carbon atom next to the isocyanate or isothiocyanate group
    • C08G18/755Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic containing only one cycloaliphatic ring containing at least one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group containing one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group having a primary carbon atom next to the isocyanate or isothiocyanate group and at least one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to a secondary carbon atom of the cycloaliphatic ring, e.g. isophorone diisocyanate
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Gloves (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种“多组份/多相”绿色乳胶手套的制备,绿色手套的胶乳可以是天然胶乳、合成胶乳、杂化胶乳或它们的复配体,该胶乳的挥发性有机物(VOC)的含量在8%以下。它包括由多组份的多元醇制备聚氨酯水分散液并与乙烯基、共轭二烯烃和不饱和羧酸及其它功能性单体与纳米微粒的杂化胶乳进行复配,制备稳定的、可补强的多相绿色乳胶手套。

Description

“多组份/多相”绿色乳胶手套的制备
本发明为“多组份/多相”绿色乳胶手套的制备方法。
产品的绿色化生产、应用与回收是当今世界发展的趋势,符合先进生产力的发展方向,是人类社会文明的标志。国民经济和人民日常生活中对低有机挥发物(VOC)的胶乳及其制品日益增长的应用正是体现了绿色化发展的要求。
天然胶乳与合成胶乳制品种类繁多,已广泛应用于人们的日常生活、医疗卫生、气象探测及电子工业等方面。胶乳的浸渍制品主要有外科医用手套、氧气袋、导液管、止血带、避孕套、手指套、工业手套、家用手套、绝缘手套、气球等。胶乳手套由于其价格低,从外科手术用手套到护手用的家用手套,使其应用无处不在。天然胶乳及其制品是主要应用的胶乳,但由于天然胶乳中酪蛋白的存在,容易引起皮肤的过敏-接触性风疹病,且易产生令人不愉快的气味。合成胶乳主要有氯丁、氯苯、丁腈、丁基、聚氨酯、丙烯酸酯及其它们的共混和共聚物等,由于这些胶乳制品不会因蛋白的存在而引起皮肤过敏,且耐油和耐化学品性能优,耐氧和臭氧化,低渗透,抗穿透性能优于天然胶乳制品,而手感与天然胶乳制品一样。其中氯丁和丁腈胶乳与制品已产业化,但氯丁胶乳制品的回收处理和丁腈胶乳及其制品的刺激气味等又影响了它们的推广应用。由聚氨酯水分散液组成的聚氨酯胶乳是目前研究和开发的一大方向。聚氨酯胶乳制品具有耐有机溶剂和化学品、耐磨、耐候性好,且韧性和弹性优,聚氨酯胶乳制品的回收可通过生物和化学法降解或焚烧法处理。但它的亲水性既使其可与本身或其它胶乳浸涂复合,也会带来制品间的粘连。因此,充分发挥聚氨酯的优点,避免和克服其不足之处,是聚氨酯胶乳及制品研发的技术关键。
天然胶乳与合成胶乳及其制品研究已有报道,胶乳可复配后形成单膜,也可由不同胶乳形成多层膜。日本公开特许公告09310209(1997)报道了去蛋白天然胶乳与丁腈胶乳复配,经浸渍制得的胶乳手套具有耐油不泛黄的特性。日本公开特许公告11081014(1999)和200199112(2000)则介绍了在天然胶乳中加入胶体二氧化硅可提高乳胶手套的抗撕拉性与易脱卸性。日本公开特许公告08283522(1996)报道了在羧基丁腈胶乳中混入商品牌号为“Hydran HW920”的聚酯型聚氨酯可使浸渍制品显示出良好的耐溶剂型和耐油性。世界专利WO9924507报道了氯丁与丁腈复配胶乳的浸渍制品回弹性好,且无过敏性。天然胶乳具有许多优异的性能,如在天然胶乳制品表面再覆上一层合成胶乳,则可克服皮肤对天然胶乳制品的过敏性。美国专利5,088,1225(1992)报道了用不同粒径的聚氨酯水分散液混合后涂覆于天然乳胶手套上,可有效降低皮肤对天然胶乳的过敏性。美国专利5,985,955(1999)报道了在聚氨酯链上引入非离子型亲水聚合物经交联后使具有网状结构的亲水性聚氨酯涂层与天然胶乳制品覆合在一起,形成防水、抗有机溶剂的乳胶手套。
本发明的目的是通过聚酯与聚醚二元醇和三元醇及含亲水离子基团的二元醇与脂环族多异氰酸酯加成反应,经中和、扩链后制得多组份阴离子型聚氨酯水分散液,该水性胶乳混入水可分散的交联树脂后可浸渍成型为聚氨酯乳胶手套,也可与羧基丁苯、羧基丁腈、丙烯酸酯与纳米氧化硅的杂化胶乳复配后,浸渍成乳胶手套,用于日常生活和医疗卫生等领域。
本发明详述如下:
(1)聚氨酯水分散液中的多组份多元醇由聚酯或聚醚二元醇与三元醇及它们的混合物和含亲水(或离子)基团的二元醇组成。聚酯多元醇由己二酸、新戊二醇、丁二醇、乙二醇、3-羟甲基丙烷组成,而聚醚多元醇是由环氧丙烷与丙二醇、乙二醇组成。聚酯与聚醚多元醇的分子量为150~5000,理想分子量为500~3500。当聚酯与聚醚多元醇混合使用时,两者混合摩尔比例可从5~100%,理想摩尔比例为8~50%。自乳化阴离子型聚氨酯水分散液是由于分子链中引入了离子基团羧基、磺酸或硫酸根,多组份多元醇中的含亲水基团(或离子基团)的二元醇常用含羧基的二元醇,如二羟甲基丙酸(DMP),其含量为0.5~20%,理想含量为2~12%。与多元醇反应形成聚氨酯的多异氰酸酯有甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)、4,4,-亚甲基二苯基二异氰酸酯(MDI)、六亚甲基而异氰酸酯(HDI)和异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)。根据乳胶手套外观与性能的要求,选用脂肪族或脂环族二异氰酸酯比较理想,即HDI或IPDI。
(2)多组份多元醇与多异氰酸酯加成反应生成预聚物,用无机或有机碱中和后,经二元胺扩链后形成聚氨酯水分散液。中和用的无机碱选用氨水(含量大于20%),而有机碱用三乙胺比较理想。扩链用二元胺选用乙二胺较理想。聚氨酯水分散液的固含量为20~50%,理想含量为25~40%,水分散液的pH为7.0~9.0。为使聚氨酯胶乳制品的性能更完善,可通过在聚氨酯水分散液中加入水可分散的交联树脂,与分子链上的活泼氢、羧基与羟基反应形成聚氨酯交联网络来实现。水可分散交联树脂采用美国氰特公司的303全甲醚化三聚氰胺树脂,加入量为1~40%,理想用量为5~30%。
(3)与聚氨酯水分散液复配的乙烯基、共轭二烯烃和不饱和羧酸及其它功能性单体的均聚物或共聚物与无机纳米材料氧化硅形成的杂化胶乳是选用蓝星化工科技总院的BSN系列胶乳,而比较理想的复配胶乳有聚氨酯-羧基丁苯杂化胶乳(BSN-1bs)、聚氨酯-羧基丁腈杂化胶乳(BSN-1ban)和聚氨酯-丙烯酸酯杂化胶乳(BSN-1wq)。纳米氧化硅均匀分散在凝胶膜中,可起补强作用。聚氨酯胶乳与杂化胶乳复配比例为1~99%,理想比例为10~70%。复配后胶乳稳定性提高,所成膜性能优。
(4)聚氨酯水分散液或其复配胶乳作为绿色乳胶手套的胶乳,用硝酸钙型凝固剂,利用离子沉积法,经陶瓷手模在胶乳中浸渍后,再经60~170℃干燥,得到绿色胶乳手套,其膜厚为0.05~0.5mm,理想厚度为0.08~0.16mm,膜的拉伸强度大于5MPa,伸长率大于500%。
                                 实例一
向反应瓶中加入22.7份聚新戊二醇己二酸酯、2.3份二羟甲基丙酸、2.8份N-甲基吡咯烷酮、10份异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯,然后搅拌、加热,在80~100℃反应5小时后,冷却至60℃以下,在高速搅拌下,再加入55.6份水、1.9份三乙胺,得到预聚物的水分散液,加入0.34份乙二胺扩链后得到的聚氨酯水分散液的pH为7.7,固含量35%,室温下旋转粘度为57.5厘泊。用硝酸钙型凝固剂,利用离子沉积法,在胶乳中浸渍后,再经60~110℃干燥,得到透明胶乳手套,膜厚0.14毫米,500%定伸强度为7.2MPa。
                                  实例二
向反应瓶中加入22.6份聚己二酸、丁二醇、乙二醇酯、1.7份二羟甲基丙酸、2.8份N-甲基吡咯烷酮、8.6份异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯,然后搅拌、加热,在80~100℃反应5小时后,冷却至60℃以下,在高速搅拌下,再加入53.2份水、1.4份三乙胺,得到预聚物的水分散液,加入0.33份乙二胺扩链后得到的聚氨酯水分散液的pH为7.0,固含量35%,室温下旋转粘度为16.4厘泊。用硝酸钙型凝固剂,利用离子沉积法,在胶乳中浸渍后,再经60~110℃干燥,得到透明胶乳手套,膜厚0.14毫米,500%定伸强度为6.9MPa。
                                实例三
向反应瓶中加入24.8份聚新戊二醇己二酸酯、0.7份二羟甲基丙酸、0.2克三羟甲基丙烷、3.1份N-甲基吡咯烷酮、8份异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯,然后搅拌、加热,在80~100℃反应5小时后,冷却至60℃以下,在高速搅拌下,再加入60.2份水、0.6份三乙胺,得到预聚物的水分散液,加入0.7份乙二胺扩链后得到的聚氨酯水分散液的pH为7.5,固含量35%,室温下旋转粘度为18厘泊。用硝酸钙型凝固剂,利用离子沉积法,在胶乳中浸渍后,再经60~110℃干燥,得到透明胶乳手套,膜厚0.14毫米,500%定伸强度为7.1MPa。
                              实例四
由实例三得到的聚氨酯胶乳100份中在高速搅拌下加入7份全甲醚化三聚氰胺(303),得到乳白色稳定的胶乳。用硝酸钙型凝固剂,利用离子沉积法,在胶乳中浸渍后,再经60~170℃干燥,得到透明胶乳手套,膜厚0.14毫米,500%定伸强度为8.4MPa。
                              实例五
由实例四得到的含交联树脂的聚氨酯胶乳100份,与羧基丁腈/氧化硅杂化胶乳(BSN-ban)20份混合,得到乳白色稳定的胶乳。用硝酸钙型凝固剂,利用离子沉积法,在胶乳中浸渍后,再经60~170℃干燥,得到透明胶乳手套,膜厚0.14毫米,500%定伸强度为9.1MPa,膜回弹性好。
                              实例六
由实例四得到的含交联树脂的聚氨酯胶乳100份,与羧基丁苯/氧化硅杂化胶乳(BSN-bs)20份混合,得到乳白色稳定的胶乳。用硝酸钙型凝固剂,利用离子沉积法,在胶乳中浸渍后,再经60~170℃干燥,得到透明胶乳手套,膜厚0.14毫米,500%定伸强度为9.3MPa,膜回弹性好。
                              实例七
由实例四得到的含交联树脂的聚氨酯胶乳100份,与丙烯酸酯/氧化硅杂化胶乳(BSN-1wq)20份混合,得到乳白色稳定的胶乳。用硝酸钙型凝固剂,利用离子沉积法,在胶乳中浸渍后,再经60~170℃干燥,得到透明胶乳手套,膜厚0.14毫米,500%定伸强度为8.9MPa,膜回弹性好。
                              实例八
向反应瓶中加入20.8份聚己二酸、丁二醇、乙二醇酯、1.6份聚环氧丙烷三元醇、0.6份二羟甲基丙酸、4.2份N-甲基吡咯烷酮、6.1份异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯,然后搅拌、加热,在80~100℃反应5小时后,冷却至60℃以下,在高速搅拌下,再加入64.4份水、0.5份三乙胺,得到预聚物的水分散液,加入0.5份乙二胺扩链后得到的聚氨酯水分散液的pH为7.8,固含量30%,室温下旋转粘度为17厘泊。用硝酸钙型凝固剂,利用离子沉积法,在胶乳中浸渍后,再经60~110℃干燥,得到透明胶乳手套,膜厚0.14毫米,500%定伸强度为5.2MPa。
                              实例九
由实例八得到的聚氨酯胶乳100份中在高速搅拌下加入5份全甲醚化三聚氰胺(303),得到乳白色稳定的胶乳。用硝酸钙型凝固剂,利用离子沉积法,在胶乳中浸渍后,再经60~170℃干燥,得到透明胶乳手套,膜厚0.14毫米,500%定伸强度为6.9MPa。
                              实例十
由实例九得到的含交联树脂的聚氨酯胶乳100份,与羧基丁腈/氧化硅杂化胶乳(BSN-ban)20份混合,得到乳白色稳定的胶乳。用硝酸钙型凝固剂,利用离子沉积法,在胶乳中浸渍后,再经60~170℃干燥,得到透明胶乳手套,膜厚0.14毫米,500%定伸强度为8.7MPa,膜回弹性好。
                              实例十一
由实例九得到的含交联树脂的聚氨酯胶乳100份,与羧基丁苯/氧化硅杂化胶乳(BSN-bs)20份混合,得到乳白色稳定的胶乳。用硝酸钙型凝固剂,利用离子沉积法,在胶乳中浸渍后,再经60~170℃干燥,得到透明胶乳手套,膜厚0.14毫米,500%定伸强度为8.7MPa,膜回弹性好。
                              实例十二
由实例九得到的含交联树脂的聚氨酯胶乳100份,与丙烯酸酯/氧化硅杂化胶乳(BSN-1wq)20份混合,得到乳白色稳定的胶乳。用硝酸钙型凝固剂,利用离子沉积法,在胶乳中浸渍后,再经60~170℃干燥,得到透明胶乳手套,膜厚0.14毫米,500%定伸强度为7.9MPa,膜回弹性好。
                              实例十三
向反应瓶中加入25.2份聚环氧丙烷二元醇、1.8份二羟甲基丙酸、0.2份三羟甲基丙烷、3.2份N-甲基吡咯烷酮、8.5份异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯,然后搅拌、加热,在80~100℃反应5小时后,冷却至60℃以下,在高速搅拌下,再加入56.2份水、1.5份三乙胺,得到预聚物的水分散液,加入0.2份乙二胺扩链后得到的聚氨酯水分散液的pH为7.6,固含量35%,室温下旋转粘度为95厘泊。在高速搅拌下加入7份全甲醚化三聚氰胺(303),得到乳白色稳定的胶乳。用硝酸钙型凝固剂,利用离子沉积法,在胶乳中浸渍后,再经60~110℃干燥,得到透明胶乳手套,膜厚0.14毫米,500%定伸强度为6.1MPa。
                              实例十四
由实例十三得到的含交联树脂的聚氨酯胶乳100份,与羧基丁腈/氧化硅杂化胶乳(BSN-ban)20份混合,得到乳白色稳定的胶乳。用硝酸钙型凝固剂,利用离子沉积法,在胶乳中浸渍后,再经60~170℃干燥,得到透明胶乳手套,膜厚0.14毫米,500%定伸强度为6.9MPa,膜回弹性好。
                              实例十五
由实例十三得到的含交联树脂的聚氨酯胶乳100份,与羧基丁苯/氧化硅杂化胶乳(BSN-bs)20份混合,得到乳白色稳定的胶乳。用硝酸钙型凝固剂,利用离子沉积法,在胶乳中浸渍后,再经60~170℃干燥,得到透明胶乳手套,膜厚0.14毫米,500%定伸强度为7.2MPa,膜回弹性好。
                              实例十六
由实例十三得到的含交联树脂的聚氨酯胶乳100份,与丙烯酸酯/氧化硅杂化胶乳(BSN-1wq)20份混合,得到乳白色稳定的胶乳。用硝酸钙型凝固剂,利用离子沉积法,在胶乳中浸渍后,再经60~170℃干燥,得到透明胶乳手套,膜厚0.14毫米,500%定伸强度为7.1MPa,膜回弹性好。

Claims (21)

1.一种“多组份/多相”绿色乳胶手套的制备方法,过程如下:
(1)含多组份多元醇的聚氨酯水分散液的制备;
(2)聚氨酯水分散液与杂化胶乳的复配;
(3)采用浸渍法制备绿色乳胶手套。
2.根据权利要求1所述的聚氨酯是指多组份多元醇与含二异氰酸酯的化合物加成反应后经扩链而形成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的聚氨酯中的多异氰酸酯是指脂肪族或芳香族多异氰酸酯,脂肪族多异氰酸酯可以是直链的,也可以是环状的,绿色乳胶手套用聚氨酯最好是脂肪族多异氰酸酯,如六亚甲基而异氰酸酯(HDI)和异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)。
4.根据权利要求1所述的水分散液是指以水为分散介质或以水及与水相溶的有机溶剂组成的分散介质,通常以水作为分散介质。
5.根据权利要求1所述的多组份多元醇的聚氨酯水分散液的固含量为20~50%,理想含量为25~40%,水分散液的pH为7.0~9.0。
6.根据权利要求1所述的多组份多元醇的聚氨酯水分散液的有机挥发物(VOC)含量不大于8%。
7.根据权利要求1所述的多组份多元醇的聚氨酯水分散液是指在高分子链上引入亲水基团或离子基团而形成的自乳化聚氨酯体系。
8.根据权利要求1所述的多组份多元醇的聚氨酯水分散液是指阴离子型自乳化聚氨酯体系。
9.根据权利要求1所述的多组份多元醇是指聚酯与聚醚的二元醇和三元醇及含亲水基团(或离子基团)二元醇的混合物。
10.根据权利要求9所述的多组份多元醇中的聚酯与聚醚的二元醇和三元醇混合物的混合摩尔比例可从5~100%,理想摩尔比例为8~50%。
11.根据权利要求9所述的多组份多元醇中的聚酯二元醇和三元醇由己二酸、新戊二醇、丁二醇、乙二醇、3-羟甲基丙烷组成,聚醚二元醇和三元醇是由环氧丙烷与丙二醇、乙二醇组成。
12.根据权利要求9所述的多组份多元醇中的聚酯与聚醚的二元醇和三元醇的分子量为150~5000,理想分子量为500~3500。
13.根据权利要求9所述的多组份多元醇中的含亲水基团(或离子基团)的二元醇含量为0.5~20%,理想含量为2~12%。
14.根据权利要求1所述的聚氨酯中加入水可分散的交联树脂形成具有网状结构的聚氨酯以提高材料的回弹性,所用的交联树脂为全甲醚化的三聚氰胺树脂,加入量为1~40%,理想用量为5~30%。
15.根据权利要求1所述的杂化胶乳是指一种有机高分子和无机纳米材料构成的核-壳结构杂化体水分散液,有机高分子为乙烯基、共轭二烯烃和不饱和羧酸及其它功能性单体的均聚物或共聚物,无机纳米材料是纳米氧化硅微粒。
16.根据权利要求15所述的杂化胶乳中的有机高分子为羧基丁腈胶乳、羧基丁苯胶乳和丙烯酸酯乳液。
17.根据权利要求1所述的聚氨酯水分散液与杂化胶乳的复配比例为1~99%,理想比例为10~70%。
18.根据权利要求1所述的聚氨酯水分散液与杂化胶乳的复配胶乳稳定性优,成膜后其耐刮擦性、耐磨性、耐热性及力学性能等都得到提高。
19.根据权利要求1所述绿色乳胶手套是由聚氨酯及其与杂化胶乳组成的硬段、软段和纳米相的多相体系。
20.根据权利要求1所述的绿色胶乳手套是采用浸渍法成型工艺,主要用离子沉积法由权利要求18所述的聚氨酯水分散液及其杂化胶乳的复配胶乳进行胶凝和成膜的。
21.根据权利要求20所述的绿色胶乳手套的膜厚为0.05~0.5mm,理想厚度为0.08~0.16mm,膜的拉伸强度大于5MPa,伸长率大于500%。
CN 02110870 2002-02-21 2002-02-21 “多组份/多相”绿色乳胶手套的制备 Pending CN1439661A (zh)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN 02110870 CN1439661A (zh) 2002-02-21 2002-02-21 “多组份/多相”绿色乳胶手套的制备
PCT/CN2002/000438 WO2003070811A1 (fr) 2002-02-21 2002-06-26 Preparation de gants 'multicomposants/multiphases' d'emulsion verte
AU2002318706A AU2002318706A1 (en) 2002-02-21 2002-06-26 Preparation of "multicomponent/multiphase" green emulsoid gloves

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN 02110870 CN1439661A (zh) 2002-02-21 2002-02-21 “多组份/多相”绿色乳胶手套的制备

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1439661A true CN1439661A (zh) 2003-09-03

Family

ID=27740083

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN 02110870 Pending CN1439661A (zh) 2002-02-21 2002-02-21 “多组份/多相”绿色乳胶手套的制备

Country Status (3)

Country Link
CN (1) CN1439661A (zh)
AU (1) AU2002318706A1 (zh)
WO (1) WO2003070811A1 (zh)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103096742A (zh) * 2010-06-22 2013-05-08 维健股份有限公司 聚乳酸手套及其制造方法
US9145483B2 (en) 2010-02-19 2015-09-29 Smarthealth, Inc. Polylactide hydrosol and articles made therefrom
CN107603202A (zh) * 2017-09-30 2018-01-19 南京晟强橡塑有限公司 一种橡皮囊成形设备用聚氨酯橡胶缓冲件
CN107840997A (zh) * 2017-09-13 2018-03-27 杨磊 一种改性聚氨脂的配方及制备工艺
CN111808260A (zh) * 2020-07-29 2020-10-23 四川尤博瑞新材料有限公司 一种基于水性聚氨酯的热敏安全套及其制备方法
CN111910440A (zh) * 2020-08-06 2020-11-10 安丹达工业技术(上海)有限公司 用于开裂发泡涂层的配方及开裂发泡涂层的织物
CN112778480A (zh) * 2021-01-28 2021-05-11 南京优迪新材料科技有限公司 与丁腈胶乳相容性好的无溶剂型聚氨酯分散体及手套涂层用乳液
CN113370548A (zh) * 2021-02-01 2021-09-10 桂林恒保健康防护有限公司 一种基于湿法工艺的聚氨酯安全套成型方法
CN114181371A (zh) * 2022-01-20 2022-03-15 星宇医疗科技股份有限公司 一种耐油型复合胶乳及其制备方法,一次性耐油手套及其制备方法

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100631792B1 (ko) * 2004-07-19 2006-10-09 호성케멕스 주식회사 수성 폴리우레탄 에멀젼 조성물을 이용한 대전방지용 폴리우레탄 장갑의 제조방법

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1144813A (zh) * 1995-09-05 1997-03-12 韦特科公司 胶乳橡胶手套用低过敏涂层组合物
NO20001903L (no) * 1999-04-14 2000-10-16 Dow Chemical Co Polyuretan-filmer fremstilt fra polyuretan-dispersjoner
NO20001902L (no) * 1999-04-14 2000-10-16 Dow Chemical Co Polyuretanfilmer og dispersjoner for fremstilling derav

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9145483B2 (en) 2010-02-19 2015-09-29 Smarthealth, Inc. Polylactide hydrosol and articles made therefrom
CN103096742A (zh) * 2010-06-22 2013-05-08 维健股份有限公司 聚乳酸手套及其制造方法
CN108102321A (zh) * 2010-06-22 2018-06-01 维健股份有限公司 聚乳酸手套及其制造方法
CN107840997A (zh) * 2017-09-13 2018-03-27 杨磊 一种改性聚氨脂的配方及制备工艺
WO2019051857A1 (zh) * 2017-09-13 2019-03-21 杨磊 一种改性聚氨脂的配方及制备工艺
CN107603202A (zh) * 2017-09-30 2018-01-19 南京晟强橡塑有限公司 一种橡皮囊成形设备用聚氨酯橡胶缓冲件
CN111808260A (zh) * 2020-07-29 2020-10-23 四川尤博瑞新材料有限公司 一种基于水性聚氨酯的热敏安全套及其制备方法
CN111808260B (zh) * 2020-07-29 2021-05-25 四川尤博瑞新材料有限公司 一种基于水性聚氨酯的热敏安全套及其制备方法
CN111910440A (zh) * 2020-08-06 2020-11-10 安丹达工业技术(上海)有限公司 用于开裂发泡涂层的配方及开裂发泡涂层的织物
CN112778480A (zh) * 2021-01-28 2021-05-11 南京优迪新材料科技有限公司 与丁腈胶乳相容性好的无溶剂型聚氨酯分散体及手套涂层用乳液
CN112778480B (zh) * 2021-01-28 2022-07-26 南京优迪新材料科技有限公司 与丁腈胶乳相容性好的无溶剂型聚氨酯分散体及手套涂层用乳液
CN113370548A (zh) * 2021-02-01 2021-09-10 桂林恒保健康防护有限公司 一种基于湿法工艺的聚氨酯安全套成型方法
CN114181371A (zh) * 2022-01-20 2022-03-15 星宇医疗科技股份有限公司 一种耐油型复合胶乳及其制备方法,一次性耐油手套及其制备方法
CN114181371B (zh) * 2022-01-20 2023-11-21 星宇医疗科技股份有限公司 一种耐油型复合胶乳及其制备方法,一次性耐油手套及其制备方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2002318706A1 (en) 2003-09-09
WO2003070811A1 (fr) 2003-08-28

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN1439661A (zh) “多组份/多相”绿色乳胶手套的制备
US5385963A (en) Unsaturated polyester-modified flexible copolymers for use in sheet molding compositions
EP1535964A1 (en) Thermoplastic polymer composition
EP0742249B1 (en) Coating to enhance the surface properties of glass fiber reinforced plastics
CA1150877A (en) Polyurethane composition having good light resistance
JPS6044561A (ja) 速乾性被覆用組成物
KR102177186B1 (ko) 차열 및 잠열 기능을 갖는 폴리우레아 도막 방수재 및 이의 제조방법
CN112794972A (zh) 一种水性聚氨酯乳液、丁腈胶-聚氨酯复合乳液及其应用
DE10018637A1 (de) Polysiloxan-Zusammensetzung, Gummizusammensetzung und Harzzusammensetzung
JP2001138459A (ja) ガスバリアー性積層ポリアミドフィルム
CN1049474A (zh) 制备薄壁中空聚合制品和底物上聚合浸涂层的方法
KR101525212B1 (ko) 내마모성 및 내오염성이 우수한 초내후성 복합 그래핀 재료의 제조방법 및 그 시공방법
JP2002105278A (ja) 熱可塑性重合体組成物
DE3886639T2 (de) Polyarylenthioätherzusammensetzung und daraus abgeleitetes Formteil.
CN112063295B (zh) 一种低光泽抗弯曲粉末涂料及其制备方法
JPS62132972A (ja) 塗料組成物
JP3405792B2 (ja) 重合体組成物
JPS58147355A (ja) 可撓性積層体
JPH06184367A (ja) ポリマーアロイ
JPH03119056A (ja) 熱可塑性重合体組成物
JP2003041089A (ja) 熱可塑性エラストマー組成物
Ram et al. Description of Major Plastics: Structure, Properties and Utilization
CN115058206A (zh) 一种pvc镀铝膜及其制备工艺
CN111234166A (zh) 一种弹性树脂及其制备方法和应用
CN118185437A (zh) 一种聚脲超耐磨地坪涂料及其制备方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C02 Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001)
WD01 Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication