CN1428405A - Emulsion containing diesel oil, alcohol and water and its preparation method - Google Patents
Emulsion containing diesel oil, alcohol and water and its preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1428405A CN1428405A CN 01144862 CN01144862A CN1428405A CN 1428405 A CN1428405 A CN 1428405A CN 01144862 CN01144862 CN 01144862 CN 01144862 A CN01144862 A CN 01144862A CN 1428405 A CN1428405 A CN 1428405A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a liquid fuel and its preparation method, in particular, it relates to an emulsion liquid fuel containing diesel, alcohol and water and its preparation method. In a non-plastic container 60%-90% of diesel oil and 0.7%-0.8% of high-effective compound emulsifier are added, then the ultrasonic wave probe whose frequency is 18 KHz-26KHz is placed under the liquid surface, after 1 minute of ultrasonic wave action, progressively and successively 2%-11% of alcohol and 7.3%-21% of water are added, after 2-3 min. of ultrasonic water action, in the whole process the liquid temp. can not be over 80 deg.C, so that said invented emulsion liquor can be obtained. It can be used as fuel oil, and its performance is stable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of liquid fuel and preparation method thereof, particularly relate to a kind of emulsion novel liquid fuel that contains diesel oil, alcohol and water and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Though the oil non-clean energy, communications and transportation, agricultural, industry, chemical industry and air transportation etc. must act as a fuel or raw material with oil, 21 century oil will be one of main energy sources.
Along with development and national economy, urban automobile is in continuous increase, in decades from now on, oil will be as oil engine and main automotive fuel, the discharge of fuel oil has constituted the main source of municipal pollution, in many cities of China because the exhaust emissions of motor vehicle and the inefficient combustion of oil, suspended substance, SO in the atmosphere
2Cause serious atmospheric pollution with NOx concentration considerably beyond national standard, the annual financial loss that is therefore caused is with hundred billion yuan of calculating, and its pollutent is greatly from vehicle exhaust.According to China Daily on February 23 calendar year 2001: city automobile tail gas pollutions such as Vietnam, Thailand are even more serious, and pedestrian and traffic police have to wear a gas mask sometimes.
Oil also is the important strategic goods and materials, is always paid attention to by various countries.China is in utilizing the process of oil, and is not only seriously polluted, also exists problems such as utilising efficiency is low, cost height.China has verified 17,000,000,000 tons of oil reserves, about 1.5 hundred million tons of annual production.Just become net import of oil state from China in 1993, increased sharply to 6,974 ten thousand tons to the import volume of CNPC in 2000, the net import of oil rate is up to 30%, and the foreign exchange that will pay national for this reason every year is up to 14,600,000,000 dollars.Along with development and national economy, expect 2005,2010,2015 Chinese crude oil consumption will reach 2.43 hundred million tons, 2.96 hundred million tons, 3.6 hundred million tons respectively.If not having very great exploration finds, in foreseeable future, China's crude supply does not have tangible increase, annual production is probably paced up and down between 1.6 hundred million tons to 1.7 hundred million tons, oil shortage has become in China does not allow the stem reality of avoiding, if dependence on import, not only foreign exchange pressure is big, and will produce great effect to development and national economy and economic security.
For save energy, reduce the discharging of pollutent, the protection environment, China is when saving crude oil, also in the develop actively alternative fuel.State Planning Commission plans to promote ethanol petrol fuel in the whole nation, reaches the automobile occupation rate of 25%-30% in the coming years.
In diesel oil and methanol mixture, add entry, form a kind of novel liquid fuel---contain the emulsion of diesel oil, first alcohol and water.With regard to methyl alcohol, its boiling point is lower than water, the easier generation microexplosion of forming than diesel oil and water in high temperature and high pressure environment of emulsion; Simultaneously, methyl alcohol is oxygenated fuel, in the combustion by evaporation process, particularly because the effect of microexplosion, increased the chance of oxygen and carbon particles collision, can reduce the discharging of NOx, carbon black etc., its smoke intensity drop-out value maximum can reach about 50%, and, efficiency of combustion increases, though engine rate of economizing gasoline under high loading is not high,, engine rate of economizing gasoline under underload is higher, generally about 6%.But this technology still can not be applied, and major cause is prepared emulsion, and character instability, preservation period are no more than 10 days, and the cost height, are unfavorable for applying.
The emulsion that contains diesel oil, first alcohol and water will obtain promotion and application, becomes the substitute of fuel oil, and the necessary character of this emulsion is more stable, long preservative period, and the key that addresses this problem is the emulsifying technology in the emulsion preparation process.In addition, go back the report of relevant emulsion that contains diesel oil, second alcohol and water of Shang Weiyou and preparation method thereof at present.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome defectives such as existing emulsion character instability, preservation period weak point, the preservation period that contains diesel oil, first alcohol and water is no more than 10 days; in order to reduce the discharging of pollutent; the protection environment the invention provides the emulsion that contains diesel oil, alcohol and water a kind of stable in properties, long preservative period.
Another object of the present invention is to provide that a kind of emulsifying agent raw material is easy to get, simple to operate, the preparation method of emulsion that contains diesel oil, alcohol and water that cost is low.
The emulsion that contains diesel oil, alcohol and water provided by the invention, the per-cent in this system gross weight comprises:
Diesel oil 60%-90%;
Alcohol 2%-11%;
Water 7.3%-21%;
Efficient compound emulsifying agent 0.7%-8%;
Wherein said efficient compound emulsifying agent in efficient compound emulsifying agent total weight percent, is the uniform mixture of the class of department 80 of the polysorbate60 of 1%-10% and 90%-99%.
Be used for alcohol of the present invention and be preferably methyl alcohol or ethanol.
The preparation method of emulsion that contains diesel oil, alcohol and water provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of efficient compound emulsifying agent
In efficient compound emulsifying agent total weight percent,, promptly make efficient compound emulsifying agent with the polysorbate60 of 1%-10% and class of department 80 uniform mixing of 90%-99%.
(2) contain the preparation of the emulsion of diesel oil, alcohol and water
In non-plastic containers, total weight percent in the emulsion that contains diesel oil, alcohol and water, the efficient compound emulsifying agent of above-mentioned steps (1) preparation of the diesel oil of adding 60%-90% and 0.7%-8%, then frequency is put under the liquid level for the 18KHZ-26KHZ ultrasonic probe, after the ultrasonic wave effect was near 1 minute, the water that adds the pure and mild 7.3%-21% of 2%-11% one by one, again through ultrasonic wave effect two to three minutes, in whole process, guarantee that fluid temperature is no more than 80 ℃, can form the stable emulsion that contains diesel oil, alcohol and water.
Because action of ultrasonic waves has added energy, the temperature of liquid in containers is risen, can adopt water-cooled or be interrupted the mode of opening ultrasonic generator, guarantee that fluid temperature is no more than 80 ℃, otherwise will influence the stability of emulsion.
Diesel oil and water, diesel oil and alcohol are immiscible, they are mixed become a kind of stable emulsion, must and be aided with a certain amount of emulsifying agent through suitable external force effect, its preparation method is a gordian technique, be directly connected to the physical property quality of emulsion, and determine its shelf time.
To be a kind of liquid be scattered in the heterogeneous dispersion system that forms in the another kind of liquid with the form of liquid pearl with emulsion, and liquid pearl size is not fully uniformly in the milk sap, but not of uniform size, and certain distribution is arranged.General milk sap is owing to the dispersion interaction of light, and outward appearance often is creamy white, and is a kind of opaque liquid, therefore is referred to as milk sap.
Forming milk sap has two-phase, will be called disperse phase or interior phase mutually with what the small droplets form existed, is also referred to as discontinuous phase; Other, join together be dispersion medium or foreign minister mutually, be also referred to as external phase.Form the two-phase of emulsion, generally have one to be " water " phase, another is mutually and " water " immiscible non-polar liquid, is commonly referred to " oil " phase.According to " water " phase and " oil " residing different position in emulsion, usually emulsion is divided into two types.A kind of is that water is external phase, and oil is disperse phase, is referred to as oil-in-water emulsion, and English is oil in water, is called for short O/W; Another kind is that water is disperse phase, and oil is external phase, is referred to as water-in-oil type emulsion, and water in oil is called for short W/O, and the emulsion that contains diesel oil, alcohol and water provided by the invention is a water-in-oil type emulsion, and wherein, external phase is oil, and disperse phase is water and alcohol.
Emulsifying effect is a kind of interface interaction, " water "--during a kind of dispersion system of " oil " two immiscible phase composites, the area between two-phase interface obviously increases, and therefore, the interfacial energy of system has increased, and this has just caused the unstable of system.In order to improve the stability of this system, can take two measures, a kind of method is to add tensio-active agent or other material (as pressed powder), as emulsifying agent, at " water "--" oil " interfacial adsorption, form interfacial film with certain intensity, change " water "--" oil " interfacial state; Another kind method is a mechanical means, and promptly using emulsion equipment improves the degree of scatter of liquid pearl.As seen, form stable emulsion and must add emulsifying agent, impose mechanical force simultaneously, both are indispensable.
Emulsifying agent is a kind of of tensio-active agent, and tensio-active agent can define like this: when this material add-on is very little, the surface tension of solvent or liquid-liquid interface tension force are reduced greatly; When it reaches finite concentration, in solution, associate into micelle, thereby produce moistening or effects such as dewetting, emulsification or breakdown of emulsion, foaming or froth breaking, to reach actual requirement.
Characteristic for the quantificational expression emulsifying agent, definition hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (Hydrophilicand Lipophilic Balance), be called for short HLB, be soluble in the emulsifying agent of oil (wetting ability is weak), the scope of HLB value is 8～18, as tween 80 (Tween80, chemical ingredients is a polyoxyethylene sorbitan mono laurate fat, the HLB value is 15) and polysorbate60 (Tween60, chemical ingredients is the hard cinnamic acid fat of polyoxyethylene sorbitan list, HLB is value 14.9) be lipophilic emulsifier, in profit mixing process, add an amount of lipophilic emulsifier, then mixed solution easily forms O/W type milk sap; The emulsifying agent of (wetting ability is strong) soluble in water, the scope of HLB value are 3～6, as the 80 (Span80 of class of department, anhydrous sorbitol list olein, the HLB value is 4.3), in profit mixing process, add an amount of hydrophilic emulsifier, then mixed solution easily forms w/o type milk sap.Simultaneously, the HLB value has additive properties, and mixed emulsifier helps the stable of emulsion, and promptly hydrophilic emulsifier and lipophilic emulsifier mix the compound stablizer of formation according to a certain percentage,
Tween60 and Span80 are mixed with into efficient compound emulsifying agent according to a certain percentage, in efficient compound emulsifying agent total weight percent, with the polysorbate60 of 1%-10% and class of department 80 uniform mixing of 90%-99%, the HLB of the efficient compound emulsifying agent that obtains is less than 6.
Contain in the emulsion process of diesel oil, alcohol and water in preparation, the present invention adopts the efficient compound emulsifying agent of the class of department 80 of the polysorbate60 of 1%-10% and 90%-99%, is aided with the ultrasonic wave effect simultaneously, obtains even, stable emulsion.
The invention has the advantages that:
The emulsion stability that contains diesel oil, alcohol and water of the present invention is good, preserve one to three months not breakdowns of emulsion, satisfy the requirement of laboratory and service station, the existing emulsion character instability that contains diesel oil, first alcohol and water, preservation period is short, preservation period is no more than 10 days, yet there are no in addition to introduce the relevant emulsion of diesel oil, second alcohol and water and preparation method thereof that contains.In preparation during this emulsion, emulsion shelf time of Que Dinging according to actual needs, select the examples of suitable emulsifiers amount reducing cost, when being 8% (the per-cent meter of system gross weight) as if the content of emulsifying agent, the shelf time of emulsion reached more than three months; The content of emulsifying agent is minimum to be 0.7% o'clock, and the shelf time of emulsion still can reach more than one month; Shelf time surpasses the above-mentioned time limit, and if emulsion again through the ultrasonic wave effect, can also obtain the emulsion of stable performance with layering.
The emulsion that contains diesel oil, alcohol and water can also be eliminated the icing phenomenon when low temperature uses except having the low advantage of flash temperature.Because methyl alcohol, ethanol are oxygenated fuels, increased the chance of oxygen and carbon particles collision, diesel engine uses the emulsion that contains diesel oil, alcohol and water, has the effect of obvious reduction smoke intensity, and its smoke intensity drop-out value maximum can reach 50%; Meanwhile, a part of heat is brought in methyl alcohol, ethanol burning into, has improved the Energy value of emulsion unit mass, can more reasonably utilize emulsion, therefore has certain realistic meaning.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
(1) preparation of efficient compound emulsifying agent (Y01 number)
In efficient compound emulsifying agent (Y01 number) total weight percent, polysorbate60 with 2% and 98% class of department 80 uniform mixing promptly make efficient compound emulsifying agent Y01 number;
(2) contain the preparation of the emulsion of diesel oil, first alcohol and water
In non-plastic containers, total weight percent in the emulsion that contains diesel oil, first alcohol and water, the efficient compound emulsifying agent (Y01 number) of the diesel oil of adding 85% and the preparation of 2% above-mentioned steps (1), then frequency is put under the liquid level for the 18KHZ-26KHZ ultrasonic probe, through the ultrasonic wave effect after 1 minute, and guarantee that fluid temperature is lower than 80 ℃, add 5% methyl alcohol and 8% water one by one, through ultrasonic wave effect three minutes, promptly form stable emulsion again.This emulsion preservation period is more than two months.
Embodiment 2
(1) preparation of efficient compound emulsifying agent (Y02 number)
In efficient compound emulsifying agent (Y02 number) total weight percent, polysorbate60 with 5% and 95% class of department 80 uniform mixing promptly make efficient compound emulsifying agent Y02 number;
(2) contain the preparation of the emulsion of diesel oil, first alcohol and water
In non-plastic containers, total weight percent in the emulsion that contains diesel oil, first alcohol and water, the efficient compound emulsifying agent (Y02 number) of the diesel oil of adding 70% and the preparation of 4% above-mentioned steps (1), then frequency is put under the liquid level for the 18KHZ-26KHZ ultrasonic probe, through the ultrasonic wave effect after 1 minute, and guarantee that fluid temperature is lower than 80 ℃, add 8% methyl alcohol and 18% water one by one, through ultrasonic wave effect two to three minutes, can form the stable emulsion that contains diesel oil, first alcohol and water again.This emulsion preservation period is more than three months.
Embodiment 3
Contain the preparation of the emulsion of diesel oil, first alcohol and water
In non-plastic containers, total weight percent in the emulsion that contains diesel oil, first alcohol and water, the efficient compound emulsifying agent (Y02 number) of the diesel oil of adding 80% and the preparation of 3% embodiment 2 steps (1), then frequency is put under the liquid level for the 18KHZ-26KHZ ultrasonic probe, through the ultrasonic wave effect after 1 minute, and guarantee that fluid temperature is lower than 80 ℃, add 5% methyl alcohol and 12% water one by one, through ultrasonic wave effect two minutes, can form the stable emulsion that contains diesel oil, alcohol and water again.This emulsion preservation period is more than three months.
Embodiment 4
Contain the preparation of the emulsion of diesel oil, second alcohol and water
In non-plastic containers, total weight percent in the emulsion that contains diesel oil, second alcohol and water, the efficient compound emulsifying agent (Y02 number) of the diesel oil of adding 80% and the preparation of 3% embodiment 2 steps (1), then frequency is put under the liquid level for the 18KHZ-26KHZ ultrasonic probe, through the ultrasonic wave effect after 1 minute, and guarantee that fluid temperature is lower than 80 ℃, add 5% ethanol and 12% water one by one, through ultrasonic wave effect three minutes, can form the stable emulsion that contains diesel oil, second alcohol and water again.This emulsion preservation period is more than three months.
Embodiment 5
(1) preparation (Y03 number) of efficient compound emulsifying agent
In efficient compound emulsifying agent (Y03 number) total weight percent, polysorbate60 with 10% and 90% class of department 80 uniform mixing promptly make efficient compound emulsifying agent (Y03 number);
(2) contain the preparation of diesel oil, first alcohol and water
In non-plastic containers, total weight percent in the emulsion that contains diesel oil, first alcohol and water, the efficient compound emulsifying agent (Y03 number) of the diesel oil of adding 90% and the preparation of 0.7% above-mentioned steps (1), then frequency is put under the liquid level for the 18KHZ-26KHZ ultrasonic probe, through the ultrasonic wave effect after 1 minute, and guarantee that fluid temperature is lower than 80 ℃, add 2% methyl alcohol and 7.3% water one by one, through ultrasonic wave effect two minutes, can form the stable emulsion that contains diesel oil, first alcohol and water again.This emulsion preservation period is more than two months.
Claims (5)
1. emulsion that contains diesel oil, alcohol and water, the per-cent in this system gross weight comprises:
Diesel oil 60%-90%;
Alcohol 2%-11%;
Water 7.3%-21%;
Efficient compound emulsifying agent 0.7%-8%.
2. emulsion as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described efficient compound emulsifying agent in efficient compound emulsifying agent total weight percent, is the uniform mixture of the class of department 80 of the polysorbate60 of 1%-10% and 90%-99%.
3. emulsion as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described alcohol is methyl alcohol or ethanol.
4. one kind contains the preparation method of emulsion of diesel oil, alcohol and water as described in any one as claim 1,2 and 3, may further comprise the steps:
(1) preparation of efficient compound emulsifying agent
In efficient compound emulsifying agent total weight percent,, promptly make efficient compound emulsifying agent with the polysorbate60 of 1%-10% and class of department 80 uniform mixing of 90%-99%;
(2) contain the preparation of the emulsion of diesel oil, alcohol and water
In non-plastic containers, total weight percent in the emulsion that contains diesel oil, alcohol and water, the efficient compound emulsifying agent of above-mentioned steps (1) preparation of the diesel oil of adding 60%-90% and 0.7%-8%, then frequency is put under the liquid level for the 18KHZ-26KHZ ultrasonic probe, after the ultrasonic wave effect was near 1 minute, the water that adds the pure and mild 7.3%-21% of 2%-11% one by one, again through the ultrasonic wave effect after two to three minutes, and in whole process, guarantee that the liquid in containers temperature is no more than 80 ℃, can form the stable emulsion that contains diesel oil, alcohol and water.
5. preparation method as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, described alcohol is methyl alcohol or ethanol.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 01144862 CN1428405A (en) | 2001-12-27 | 2001-12-27 | Emulsion containing diesel oil, alcohol and water and its preparation method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 01144862 CN1428405A (en) | 2001-12-27 | 2001-12-27 | Emulsion containing diesel oil, alcohol and water and its preparation method |
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| CN1428405A true CN1428405A (en) | 2003-07-09 |
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| CN 01144862 Pending CN1428405A (en) | 2001-12-27 | 2001-12-27 | Emulsion containing diesel oil, alcohol and water and its preparation method |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1301314C (en) * | 2005-07-13 | 2007-02-21 | 南京工业大学 | Micro-emulsified diesel oil and preparation method thereof |
| CN100365104C (en) * | 2005-05-30 | 2008-01-30 | 周毕华 | Alcohol type emulsified diesel oil and method for preparing same |
| CN101773796A (en) * | 2010-03-18 | 2010-07-14 | 西安交通大学 | Method for emulsifying tri-component emulsion containing diesel, methanol and water |
| CN102206519A (en) * | 2011-04-25 | 2011-10-05 | 上海精微能源科技有限公司 | Biomass-component-containing micro-emulsion diesel oil and preparation method thereof |
| CN102295966A (en) * | 2011-07-25 | 2011-12-28 | 青岛福瑞斯生物能源科技开发有限公司 | Micro-emulsified biodiesel and preparation method thereof |
| CN101665727B (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2012-12-19 | 中北大学 | Method and device for continuously preparing methanol emulsified diesel |
| CN105695012A (en) * | 2016-03-18 | 2016-06-22 | 朱丽芬 | Micro-emulsification diesel oil |
-
2001
- 2001-12-27 CN CN 01144862 patent/CN1428405A/en active Pending
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100365104C (en) * | 2005-05-30 | 2008-01-30 | 周毕华 | Alcohol type emulsified diesel oil and method for preparing same |
| CN1301314C (en) * | 2005-07-13 | 2007-02-21 | 南京工业大学 | Micro-emulsified diesel oil and preparation method thereof |
| CN101665727B (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2012-12-19 | 中北大学 | Method and device for continuously preparing methanol emulsified diesel |
| CN101773796A (en) * | 2010-03-18 | 2010-07-14 | 西安交通大学 | Method for emulsifying tri-component emulsion containing diesel, methanol and water |
| CN101773796B (en) * | 2010-03-18 | 2012-07-04 | 西安交通大学 | Method for emulsifying tri-component emulsion containing diesel, methanol and water |
| CN102206519A (en) * | 2011-04-25 | 2011-10-05 | 上海精微能源科技有限公司 | Biomass-component-containing micro-emulsion diesel oil and preparation method thereof |
| CN102295966A (en) * | 2011-07-25 | 2011-12-28 | 青岛福瑞斯生物能源科技开发有限公司 | Micro-emulsified biodiesel and preparation method thereof |
| CN105695012A (en) * | 2016-03-18 | 2016-06-22 | 朱丽芬 | Micro-emulsification diesel oil |
| CN105695012B (en) * | 2016-03-18 | 2018-05-25 | 广州大正新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of micro emulsion diesel fuel |
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