CN1423519A - Mulch composition and method - Google Patents
Mulch composition and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1423519A CN1423519A CN00818275A CN00818275A CN1423519A CN 1423519 A CN1423519 A CN 1423519A CN 00818275 A CN00818275 A CN 00818275A CN 00818275 A CN00818275 A CN 00818275A CN 1423519 A CN1423519 A CN 1423519A
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- humidizer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/52—Mulches
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/23—Wood, e.g. wood chips or sawdust
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
- Protection Of Plants (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
A mulch composition having extended moisture retention time and a method for use thereof are provided. In a first preferred embodiment of the present invention, a hydro mix moisturizing agent is added to a seeded mulch. The preferred embodiment comprises 93.95% of water, 5.85% of mulch, and 0.2% moisturizing agent by weight as a percentage of the weight of the water used, and fertilizer and seed in any selected amounts. In this preferred embodiment, the moisturizing agent comprises a cellulose gum, a cross-linker, and a surfactant. The moisturizing agent retains water in the mulch composition and releases water into the soil surface at a controlled rate while binding together the mulch composition. Moisture is retained for a longer amount of time than the prior art mulch compositions to promote maximum seed germination. The mulch composition according to the present invention additionally provides effective dust and erosion control properties.
Description
Background of invention
1. invention field:
The present invention relates to the mulch for sowing. More particularly, the present invention relates to composition and method be used to the sowing mulch that the water conservation time with prolongation is provided.
2. the description of association area
People have just recognized the problem that keeps being enough to supporting the soil water content of growth plant very early. The mulch that can spray has been used to seed to provide protection to promote seed in the lip-deep germination of soil. In mulch, relatively large particle, such as wood-fibred, straw, and sawdust mixes to form slurry with water. For per 50 pounds solid mulch, typical slurry mixture comprises about 100 gallons water, and wherein fertilizer and seed add with the amount that supplier recommends. Then take out by water pipe and nozzle pump, spray again on the soil surface.
The general binding agent (being called " tackifier ") that adds is with the bonding slurry. The structural integrity of mulch strengthens by adding tackifier. The tackifier of this enhancing are used for strengthening corroding to be controlled. Under normal condition, must in using mulch and seed one day, set up spray irrigation.
Seed can be incorporated in the slurry mixture in addition. Mulch protection seed is not subjected to the impact of weather and is not for example eaten up by bird or insect. By avoiding topsoil not to be etched in adverse weather condition such as wind or storm process, mulch is the soil protection surface also. Supply with seed nutrition, stratification by the water that mulch keeps.
The water retention of prior art mulch has been subject to the restriction of the absorbability of solid mulch material. Must increase the thickness of the mulch that is applied to the soil surface, to increase the amount that keeps water. Yet the thickness of this increase can suppress the growth of plant.
The water yield that keeps by the prior art mulch also depends on the weather. For example, in dry, windy area, mulch rapid draing. If not very fast foundation of irrigation system such as spray irrigation, mulch parched before germination. Then dry mulch can be blown away, and perhaps forms hardened surface, suppresses the growth of new plant.
People have used humidizer to solve the manual and automatic intrinsic problem of water system. Humidizer is discharged into its near zone with moisture. At Avera, Moisturing Agent, U.S. patent No.4 has described a kind of such humidizer in 865,640. This humidizer can contain about 98% water with the solid form combination.
When being positioned over the microbial environment of natural soil, solid bond water gradates and is liquid water. Liquefying, this is not moved in the gel in conjunction with bacterium of water and other microorganism, but acts on the surface of its exposure. Amount such as humidizer surface area that therefore can be by control contact soil by the liquefying speed of the humidizer of Avera instruction be controlled.
Therefore, advantageously, provide to keep enough water contents to guarantee the at utmost mulch of germination. Further advantageously, provide the mulch that water is distributed to the soil surface with control rate.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has mulch composition and the using method thereof that prolongs the water conservation time. Mulch composition according to embodiment of the present invention comprises water, mulch and humidizer. Seed and fertilizer can add according to the specific demand of mulch composition. Preferred embodiment comprises 93.95wt% water, 5.85wt% mulch and 0.20wt% humidizer (based on the percetage by weight of institute's water), and fertilizer and the seed of any selected amount. In this preferred embodiment, humidizer comprises carboxymethyl cellulose (preferred 92.95% carboxymethyl cellulose), crosslinking agent (preferred 7.00% aluminum sulfate) and surfactant (preferred 0.05%Smashing White Water Softerner﹠ Detergent Booster).
Humidizer according to preferred embodiment replaces tackifier to be added in the mulch composition. Humidizer is discharged into the soil surface with the speed of control with water, and mulch composition is bonded together.
The time of water conservation of the present invention is longer than the prior art mulch. Therefore can promote at utmost germination. In addition, the invention provides effective dust and erosion control performance. Detailed description of the present invention
The present invention has sowing mulch composition and the using method thereof that prolongs the water conservation time. The time of water conservation of the present invention is longer than the prior art mulch. Therefore can guarantee at utmost germination.
For the application, will use to give a definition. The material that is used for mulching soil described in term " mulch ". Mulch can keep water, in order to be distributed in the soil, can also suppress the erosion of following soil. Mulch can comprise fibrous matter such as wood-fibred or chip newsprint. Mulch can also comprise other material such as fertilizer and seed. Term " mulch composition " is used for describing the present invention, the i.e. mixture of mulch and humidizer. Term " humidizer " is used to refer to when and is present in object, and for example the biologic artifact in the environment of plant tissue interacts, when receiving water and air, and the substrate of releasing water and optional air gradually. At U.S. patent No.4, a kind of such humidizer is disclosed in 865,640. For example, when interacting with the biologic artifact of generally finding in soil, humidizer is discharged into the soil surface with the speed of control with water and optional air.
Mulch composition comprises water according to embodiments of the present invention, mulch, and humidizer. The amount of mulch can be in the scope of 4.39%-7.3% and the amount of water humidification by mixing of gas agent can be in 0.05-0.35% scope. Mulch composition according to the preferred embodiment of the invention comprises 93.95wt% water, 5.85wt% mulch and 0.20wt% humidizer (based on the percetage by weight of institute's water), and fertilizer and the seed of any selected amount. For instance, can comprise 800 pounds water (100 gallons) according to the mulch composition of preferred embodiment, 50 pounds mulch (1 standard size bag) and 1.6 pounds of humidizers.
In preferred embodiments, preferably Excel Fibermulch or Fibercel of mulchTMMulch, the two is at present by American Excelsior Company of Arlington, and Texas produces. Yet instruction of the present invention can also be applicable to any suitable mulch.
According to the needs of specific application, seed and fertilizer also can be added in the mulch composition. For example, the mulch composition that be used for to corrode control can comprise the water (100 gallons) of 0.375 pound-1.1 pounds seed/800 pounds. The mulch composition that is used for the pasture can comprise 10.75 pounds/800 pounds water. The fertilizer amount that is added in the mulch composition can be in the scope of 4-8 pound/800 pound water.
The humidizer that is used for the preferred embodiment of the invention comprises the drying composite of following material:
92.95% carboxymethyl cellulose;
7.00% aluminum sulfate; With
0.05％Smashing WhiteWater Softener & Detergent Booster
(“Smashing White”)。
For the application, this preferred humidizer will be called as " water mixes (hydro mix) humidizer " here. Term " agent of water humidification by mixing of gas " only is used for describing, and limits by no means desired scope of the present invention. The agent of water humidification by mixing of gas is favourable, because when other component that is added to mulch composition, as in mulch, seed, fertilizer and the water time, the agent of water humidification by mixing of gas has excellent tackify and water retention property.
Table 1 has been enumerated the example according to the mulch composition of different embodiments of the present invention.
Table 1
| Example | Water (lb) (800lb=100gal) | Mulch (lb) | Seed | Fertilizer | The agent of water humidification by mixing of gas |
| 1 | 800 | 50 | By specification | By specification | 0.05％ |
| 2 | 800 | 50 | By specification | By specification | 0.1％ |
| 3 | 800 | 50 | By specification | By specification | 0.15％ |
| 4 | 800 | 50 | By specification | By specification | 0.2％ |
| 5 | 800 | 50 | By specification | By specification | 0.25％ |
| 6 | 800 | 50 | By specification | By specification | 0.3％ |
Seed and/amount of fertilizer (if the words that have) in mulch composition according to the present invention seldom have impact to the globality of mulch composition. Yet the effect of water humidification by mixing of gas agent changes according to its percentage in mulch composition. Therefore, for the example 1 and 2 of table 1, the agent of water humidification by mixing of gas mainly plays tackifier. Tackifier mainly work glue that mulch composition is combined, thereby reduce (if unescapable words) wind and water erosion to the impact of mulch composition. Yet tackifier generally seldom are with or without effect to the water retention property of mulch composition.
When the percentage of water humidification by mixing of gas agent increased shown in the example 3-6 of table 1 like that, the agent of water humidification by mixing of gas can be used for keeping the water in the mulch composition in addition except the function of knowing clearly as tackifier. The water retention property of the mulch composition of example 3 is general, and the water retention property of example 4 mulch compositions is good, example 5 be good, and the water retention property of example 6 is more excellent.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent of water humidification by mixing of gas replaces other tackifier such as guar gum to be added in the mulch composition. In the mulch composition according to preferred embodiment, shown in the example 6 of table 1, the agent of water humidification by mixing of gas accounts for about 0.1-0.3wt% (3.6-10.8g water humidification by mixing of gas agent/8 pounds of water), based on the percetage by weight of institute's water, and preferred 0.3%.
In this scope, the agent of water humidification by mixing of gas does not form gel. As a result, the water humidification by mixing of gas agent component of mulch composition often becomes bead, pours off on the surface of mulch composition spray, will not keep mixing with other component of mulch composition. Therefore, in preferred embodiments, surfactant is added in the humidizer, with the surface tension of the water humidification by mixing of gas agent of breaking hydration. Breaking surface tension has caused that the agent of water humidification by mixing of gas is mobile and has covered the surface that it sprays. Water humidification by mixing of gas agent maintenance mixes with other component of mulch composition, the speed of from mulch composition, evaporating with the water that slows down, thus prolonged the water conservation time.
Smashing White (being sold by AMWAY Corporation) is as the surfactant of mulch composition preferred embodiment. Although the agent of water humidification by mixing of gas preferably includes 0.05% Smashing White, in selective embodiment, the percentage of Smashing White is in the scope of about 0.03-0.08wt%.
Those skilled in the art is easy to recognize that the present invention also can use other surfactant. For example, in one embodiment, only with the active component of Smashing White, namely sodium sesquicarbonate and sodium phosphate trimer are added in the agent of water humidification by mixing of gas.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, use Nova Clean (produce and comprise active component Novasan by Micro Nova) to replace Smashing White, or the two is combined with. In this embodiment, the percentage of Novasan or Novasan/Smashing White mixture also preferably 0.05%. Yet the percentage of Nova Clean is in the scope of about 0.03-0.08wt%.
Although the water humidification by mixing of gas agent according to the preferred embodiments of the invention comprises 92.95% carboxymethyl cellulose, in selective embodiment, the percentage of carboxymethyl cellulose is in the scope of about 85-95%. When carboxymethyl cellulose is when wetting, it becomes sticky and is attached to mulch. The aluminum sulfate component of water humidification by mixing of gas agent is used as " crosslinking agent " so that hydrone is attached to the carboxymethyl cellulose molecule. Although the preferred embodiment of water humidification by mixing of gas agent comprises 7.00% aluminum sulfate, in selective embodiment, the percentage of aluminum sulfate can be in the scope of about 5.00-15%. Go back in the embodiment of the present invention, replace aluminum sulfate, crosslinking agent can be hydrated metal salt such as the zinc sulfate identical with aluminum sulfate percentage, indium sulfate, calcium sulfate, and gallium sulfate.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent of water humidification by mixing of gas is added in other component of mulch composition with anhydrous form (preferred powder). Yet the agent of anhydrous water humidification by mixing of gas can with any form that other is fit to, include but not limited to graininess or large block the use.
In selective embodiment of the present invention, the hydration humidizer mixes with mulch, but not anhydrous humidizer. In this embodiment, then humidizer is poured in the container by mix to carry out hydration with water, mixes with other composition of mulch composition. In this embodiment, preferably, mix the hydration humidizer, so that it remains the liquid that can topple over. For example, can mix the hydration humidizer, so that it has the denseness of thin pulp.
Except mix the formation mulch composition with mulch, the agent of water humidification by mixing of gas can be used in other purpose. For example, the agent of water humidification by mixing of gas can be used as fire retardant. In this embodiment, the water humidification by mixing of gas agent of hydration imposes on separately the fireproof surface. The water resistance that discharges from the agent of water humidification by mixing of gas ends fire spreading on the protection surface. The agent of water humidification by mixing of gas can impose on the surface by any suitable mode, includes but not limited to spray, and dipping is brushed dusting and sprinkling.
In one embodiment, the agent of water humidification by mixing of gas can impose on the flammable area in the prairie fire path. The agent of water humidification by mixing of gas will stay wet film for a long time on flammable area. The time that flammable area keeps moist will depend in part on the prescription of water humidification by mixing of gas agent.
Preferred fire retardant comprises 0.35wt% anhydrous water humidification by mixing of gas agent and 99.65wt% water. Yet in selective embodiment, the amount of anhydrous water humidification by mixing of gas agent can change in the scope of 0.2-0.7wt%, based on the percetage by weight of institute's water. Moisture is retained in the flammable lip-deep time to be increased with the increase of the percentage of the anhydrous water humidification by mixing of gas agent in the preparation material. Can select required preparation material according to the intensity of fire with according to atmospheric conditions such as wind speed.
The agent of anhydrous water humidification by mixing of gas preferably includes:
92.8% carboxymethyl cellulose;
7.00% aluminum sulfate; With
0.2% surfactant is such as Smashing White.
In selective embodiment of the present invention, the percentage of the carboxymethyl cellulose that uses in the agent of anhydrous water humidification by mixing of gas can be in the scope of about 85-95wt%. The percentage of aluminum sulfate can be in the scope of about 5.00-15wt%, and the percentage of surfactant can be in the scope of about 0.1-0.25wt%.
In another embodiment, the agent of water humidification by mixing of gas can directly impose in the soil. In this embodiment, the agent of water humidification by mixing of gas can be used in as soil directly provides moisture, for example irrigates the seed of crops or sowing. The agent of water humidification by mixing of gas can by any suitable mode, include but not limited to that spray, dipping, brushing, dusting and sprinkling impose on soil. In one embodiment, before imposing on soil with water humidification by mixing of gas agent hydration. In this embodiment, approximately the anhydrous water humidification by mixing of gas agent of 0.05-0.3% mixes with about 800 pounds of water. In addition, the agent of water humidification by mixing of gas can impose on soil with anhydrous form. Then can for example add water by the agent of shower water humidification by mixing of gas. The agent of water humidification by mixing of gas will keep water, in order to controllably be discharged in the soil.
In another embodiment, the agent of water humidification by mixing of gas can be as the additive of battery. Battery is generally with the dry state compression forming. After forming core, need to absorb moisture in core so that the life-span of improvement battery. Up to now, the battery production merchant fails in they absorb water trial in the battery. This problem can solve by the agent of anhydrous water humidification by mixing of gas was mixed before compression with the battery material. After forming core, the agent of water humidification by mixing of gas is received the moisture resorption in the core by capillarity again. The surface active agent composition of water humidification by mixing of gas agent is used for disengaging surface tension, so that the moisture resorption is received the center of battery.
In this embodiment, the agent of anhydrous water humidification by mixing of gas preferably includes:
94.9% carboxymethyl cellulose;
5.00% aluminum sulfate; With
0.1% surfactant is such as Smashing White.
In selective embodiment, the percentage of carboxymethyl cellulose can be in the scope of about 90-95wt%. The percentage of aluminum sulfate can be in the scope of about 5-10wt%, and the percentage of surfactant can be in the scope of about 0.075-0.2wt%.
In preferred embodiments, the agent of anhydrous water humidification by mixing of gas is added in the battery material with the amount of 0.05wt%, based on the percetage by weight of battery material. In selective embodiment, the amount of the anhydrous water humidification by mixing of gas agent that mixes with the battery material can be in the scope of about 0.04-0.08wt%, based on the percetage by weight of battery material.
Although in this preferred embodiment of the present invention, make the agent of water humidification by mixing of gas, can use any other suitable humidizer, as at Avera, Moisturizing Agent, U.S. patent No.4, disclosed cellulosic cpd in 865,640 (" ' 640 patents "). Disclosed humidizer is the mixture with cellulosic cpd of the carboxyl that replaces at the glucose unit of cellulose chain by ehter bond in ' 640 patents. This cellulosic cpd successively mixes with hydrated metal salt and aerated water, in order to form the high-viscosity material that discharges gradually water and air in soil when interacting with the biologic artifact of generally finding.
Disclosed humidizer comprises the mixture of following material in ' 640 patents:
(a) 1-3wt% scope interior (based on the percetage by weight of institute's water) has 90,000 and 700, the cellulosic cpd that the usefulness formula R-O-COOM of the mean molecule quantity between 000 represents, wherein " M " is that metal and " R " of the hydrogen on the carboxyl of substituted cellulose compound are cellulose chains;
(b) the hydrated metal salt (based on the percetage by weight of institute's water) in the 0.1-0.3wt% scope; With
(c) water in the 97-99wt% scope.
Water can be chosen inflation wantonly. The metal that replaces at carboxyl can comprise the metal such as lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium and caesium. Hydrated salt can comprise the salt such as aluminum sulfate, zinc sulfate, indium sulfate, cadmium sulfate and gallium sulfate, and wherein water remains on the hydrone with mechanical system.
Surfactant also can be added in ' 640 patents in the disclosed humidizer. A kind of example scheme that comprises surfactant comprises the mixture of following material:
97.85% water
2.0% carboxymethyl cellulose
0.15% aluminum sulfate.
Add 0.5 ounce Original Palmolive Liquid to this mixture and wash dish soap/500 gallon water.
The Original Palmolive that is produced by Colgate-Palmolive Company washes dish soap and contains Surfactant SDS. Yet in this example hydration embodiment, surfactant is only because it prevents that humidizer from adhering to the performance of each face of container and introduce.
In another embodiment of the present invention, tackifier are added in the mulch composition. Preferred tackifier are guar gums, yet any natural plant gum or tackifier that other is fit to also can be used in the bonding mulch.
The present invention can illustrate with following test embodiment. These tests embodiment only is used for the purpose of explanation, is not used for limiting scope of the present invention disclosed herein.
Test embodiment 1-7
Test in test embodiment 1-7 is carried out with 12 inches * 24 inches tanks of breeding fish. This is canned to enter various types of dry soils (granite that comprises clay, loam, sand and decomposition). Test 1-7 is carried out indoor. Therefore, use growth light.
Use in test two kinds of Aerican Excelsior Company mulches. Excel Fibermulch contains 100% wood-fibred. FibercelTMMulch contains 70% wood-fibred and 30% recirculation newsprint. This mulch of two types with do not use with standard A merican Excelsior Company guar gum tackifier.
Various local grass seeds are added in the test mulch. The endemic species attached bag of using is in test drawn together California Barley, Prostrate Form, Idaho Fescue, Berkeley Blue Wildrye, Zoro Fescue and California Poppy. The grain weight that is added in the mulch composition is recommended as the basis with the average seed of California Ministry of Communications (Caltrans)/acre. These recommend to change with the acreage that will cover according to seed and type.
The amount and the type that are added to the fertilizer in the mulch composition are decided by soil types and condition. Recommendation according to the manufacturer is added to fertilizer in the mulch composition.
American Excelsior Company recommends, and every interpolation 100 gallons waters use their mulch of a 50lb bag. For the application, the reference of " bag " of all American Excelsior Company mulches will be considered to 50 pounds of bags. Test embodiment 1-7 uses 1/2 bag-1 1/2 bags/100 gallons mulches and the ratio ranges of water that add water, is included in the ratio of the mulch of factory's recommendation and water.
In test embodiment 1-7, the water humidification by mixing of gas agent of powder type is added into water with 0.8 pound-2.4 pounds scope (comprising end value) and does not contain in the mulch of standard A merican Excelsior Company tackifier. The amount that is added to the water humidification by mixing of gas agent in the mulch is calculated by the weight of humidizer, based on the percentage by volume (by weight) of water.
The result of test embodiment 1-7 shows that the addition of fertilizer and seed is on the not impact of water-retaining property of mulch composition. In addition, mulch/water ratio has seldom impact to the water-retaining property of mulch composition.
Table 2
| Test embodiment | The concentration of humidizer | Adhesive property | Water-retaining property | Germination |
| 1 | 0.05％ | Be better than the standard tackifier | Equal the mulch with the standard tackifier | Generally |
| 2 | 0.1％ | Good tackifier | Obviously be better than the mulch with the standard tackifier | Good |
| 3 | 0.15％ | Senior tackifier | Good water-retaining property | Good |
| 4 | 0.2％ | Senior tackifier | Senior water-retaining property | Good |
| 5 | 0.25％ | Senior tackifier | Good germination, but some plants can not be broken ground | |
| 6 | 0.3％ | Senior tackifier | The 50-60% plant can not be broken ground | |
| 7 | 0.35％ | Senior tackifier | The 50-60% plant can not be broken ground |
The result of test embodiment 5-7 shows that when the concentration of water humidification by mixing of gas agent increased, beginning formed duricrust at the top of mulch. When the concentration of water humidification by mixing of gas agent arrives 0.25%, wearing out mulch from the plant of germination and begin difficult in the mulch. Yet the mulch composition with water humidification by mixing of gas agent of high concentration has also showed the erosion control performance that increases.
At Arid Area, must begin fast to irrigate to guarantee the germination of seed and support the new plant that germinates. The water-retaining property of the mulch composition that uses in test embodiment 1-7 has all prolonged the time before must beginning to irrigate. In test embodiment 4 and 5, the time before must beginning to irrigate extended to 3-7 days from 1 day. At non-Arid Area, the mulch composition of testing embodiment 4 and 5 can be eliminated the necessity of irrigation fully.
The soil that uses in tank is dry, and wherein the moisture of unique interpolation is the water in the mulch composition. The seed that need were germinateed in 25 days is added in the mulch composition that uses in test embodiment 3 and 4. These seeds germinateed in plantation in rear 25 days, did not supply with any extra water. In another test embodiment, the seed that spends germination in 7-10 days germinates in the given time. The grass that germinates grows into the final height of 5-6 inch and surviving after the plantation between 20 and 30 days, does not supply with extra water.
Test embodiment 8-12
In test embodiment 8-12, mulch composition is sprayed on the embankment with about 10% gradient. For test embodiment 8-12, use American Excelsior Company Excel Fibermulch. The interpolation water of each batch mulch and 1,500 gallon mixes. The interpolation seed of same amount also is added in each batch mulch. The grain weight that is added in each batch is considered to inessential to result of the test. Also the water humidification by mixing of gas agent with the anhydrous powder form is added in the mulch with variable quantity. Do not add tackifier in the mulch composition of test embodiment 8-11. Test embodiment 12 contains tackifier, but does not add the agent of water humidification by mixing of gas.
Table 3
| Test embodiment | The concentration of humidizer | The amount of mulch | The weight of humidizer (by the weighing scale with respect to water weight) | Water weight | Water-retaining property |
| 8 | 0.1％ | 11 bags | 12 pounds | 12,000 pounds (1,500 gallon) | Under mulch and embankment, leak out a small amount of water |
| 9 | 0.15％ | 11 bags | 18 pounds | 12,000 pounds | From mulch, there is not percolating water |
| 10 | 0.2％ | 11 bags | 24 pounds | 12,000 pounds | There is not seepage |
| 11 | 0.25％ | 6 bags | 30 pounds | 12,000 pounds | There is not seepage |
| 12 | 0.0％ | 11 bags | 0 | 12,000 pounds | After mulch being imposed on the surface that tilts 30 minutes, water continued to ooze out from mulch. Most interpolation water seepage is fallen, and does not almost stay moisture with the germination that promotes seed and takes root |
Test embodiment 13-14
In test embodiment 13 and 14, mulch composition according to the present invention is sprayed Floyd Knobs, in the new campus of Indiana. Mulch composition and the experimental condition of test embodiment 13 and 14 are provided in following table 4. In test embodiment 13-14, the humidizer that is added in the mulch is the agent of water humidification by mixing of gas.
Table 4
| The product combination: | 5/16 inch fiber blend of American Excelsior Company Excel humidizer powder is without tackifier |
| Test site and edaphic condition: | Dry, relatively soft clay. One 3: 1 slope, the ground that major part is more flat |
| Weather: | 85 degree, sunny, wind 12-15 joint |
| Equipment: | 1500 gallons of Finn ponds |
Table 5
| Test embodiment | The concentration of humidizer | Composition | Mixed processes | The result |
| 13 | 0.1％ | 12 pounds of humidizer powder of 150 pounds of seeds of 12 bags of Excel fibers, 200 pounds of fertilizer, 1500 gallons waters [1500gal * 8 pound/gal=12,000 pound * 0.001=12 pound humidizer powder] | The water of at first packing in the pond, then pack into fiber, seed, fertilizer. Then slowly pour humidizer into from the bottom of bag. Humidizer mixed 1 minute. | 1, humidizer is good as tackifier. 2, humidizer kept 1 hour from the teeth outwards. Moisture also was present in the subsurface 1/4-1 inch of soil after 3 hours. 3, the spray denseness is excellent, does not have occluding device. 4, do not have product loss on 3: 1 slopes, soil slightly has loss, and the thread loss is arranged. 5, in 7 days, begin to germinate. |
| 14 | 0.2％ | 24 pounds of humidizer powder of 150 pounds of seeds of 12 bags of Excel fibers, 200 pounds of fertilizer, 1500 gallons waters | The water of at first packing in the pond, then pack into fiber, seed, fertilizer. Then slowly pour humidizer into from the bottom of bag. Humidizer mixed 1 minute. | 1, senior tackifier. 2, moisture after 2 hours 1 inch degree of depth 3, have good dust control in the large zone of spray amount. 4, on 3: 1 slopes with do not have soil above the slope or product loss. 5, in 7 days, begin to germinate |
Test embodiment 15-19
In test embodiment 15-19, composition according to the present invention sprays and is positioned at Santa Rosa, the test site of California. Composition and the experimental condition of test embodiment 15-19 are provided in following table 6. The result of test provides in following table 6. The humidizer that is added in the mulch of testing embodiment 15-19 is the agent of water humidification by mixing of gas.
Table 6
| The product bond: | 1, humidizer bond: 5/16 inch fiber blend of American Excelsior Company Excel humidizer powder has the guar gum tackifier without tackifier 2,5/16 inch Excel of contrast bond mulch blend |
| Test site and edaphic condition: | All places-75 * 150 foot red type batt and a small amount of stone content humidizer place: contrast place, 2: 1 slopes (test embodiment 19): 3: 1 slopes |
| Weather: | Cold, temperature 55-65 degree, windy, the wind of about 15 joints ± 10 joints. At most of cloudy day, sunlight seldom. |
| Equipment: | 3,000 gallons of pond have spiral type stirrer and high pass filter motor. |
Table 7
| Test embodiment | The concentration of humidizer | Composition | The result |
| 15 | 0.1％ | Germinating time-14 day 12 pounds of humidizer powder of 1500 gallons waters of the local grass seed mixture of 11 bags of Excel fibers-the earliest [1500gal * 8 pound/gal=12,000 pound * 0.001=12 pound humidizer powder] | 1, humidizer is good as tackifier. 2, mix and spray to use be excellent. 3, in a single day use, mulch does not flow. 4, mulch mulching soil condition and earth piece (moisture arrives the 1/4-2/1 inch in the cross section of earth piece). 5, from the water of seeder not under slope current, but rest on the land position. |
| 16 | 0.15％ | Germinating time-14 day 18 pounds of humidizer the powder of 1500 gallons waters of the local grass seed mixture of 11 bags of Excel fibers-the earliest are without tackifier | 1, good thickener. 2, mix and spray to use be good. 3, moisture is at the upper 1/2 English inch of clay soil. |
| 17 | 0.20 | Germinating time-14 day 18 pounds of humidizer the powder of 1500 gallons waters of the local grass seed mixture of 11 bags of Excel fibers-the earliest are without tackifier | 1, good thickener. 2, good mixing and spray are used. 3, moisture and mulch keep in position and excellent coverage rate are provided. 4, the moisture in the ground arrives following 1 inch of surface. 5, said composition has also showed good dust control performance. |
| Test embodiment | The concentration of humidizer | Composition | The result |
| 18 | 0.25％ | Germinating time-14 day 30 pounds of humidizer the powder of 1500 gallons waters of the local grass seed mixture of 6 bags of Excel fibers-the earliest are without tackifier | 1, water is retained in the appropriate location with mulch and makes all objects moulding that it contacts. 2, the moisture in the soil arrives following 1 inch of surface. |
| 19 | 0 | Germinating time-14 day 1500 gallons water guar gum the tackifier of the local grass seed mixture of 10 bags of Excel fibers-the earliest | 1, the mulch mixing is fairly good, and spray is good, but has sprayed some guar gum tackifier spheres in using process. 2, in soil, found the thread under the current. Water does not absorb in soil and the humidizer composition, but has become mud and get off from slope current. Water is used below the zone at the mulch on 3: 1 slopes and is flow down. 3, find that some mulches also get off from slope current. |
The result of test embodiment 15-19 has obviously confirmed the excellent properties according to mulch composition of the present invention. Do not resemble the prior art mulch, mulch composition according to the present invention makes water on the soil surface and below the soil surface. The present invention also can be as effective dust control product.
Based on the result of all tests, at present preferred embodiment of the present invention comprises the water humidification by mixing of gas agent between the 0.15-0.25wt%, based on adding the long-pending percentage (by weight) of water body. More preferably, the preferred embodiments of the invention comprise the water humidification by mixing of gas agent of 0.20wt%, based on adding the long-pending percentage (by weight) of water body.
Although described the present invention in conjunction with preferred embodiment, this describes never the restriction as the scope of the invention. In the situation that does not depart from the scope of the invention and spirit, make the apparent improvement of those skilled persons of this area, variation and adjustment in the details of disclosed arrangement of the present invention, operation and design here.
For example, instruction of the present invention can be conveniently used in having the humidizer of any Sq and type or the mulch composition of mulch. These type mulches can comprise by relative bulky grain, such as the prior art mulch of wood-fibred, straw and sawdust formation. In addition, the amount that is added to seed, water and fertilizer according to mulch composition of the present invention also can change. Can complete unnecessary interpolation seed or fertilizer. With the composition that is comprised of mulch fiber and humidizer that has added water, erosion control performance of the present invention is significant. Mulch composition can also comprise any other additive of the required performance that can obviously not affect mulch composition, such as colouring agent or anticorrisive agent.
Can comprise spray by any suitable mode according to composition of the present invention, or use to be applied to the surface by hand. In addition, can mix by any suitable mode (comprising automatic stirrer or manual the mixing) according to mulch composition of the present invention.
Claims
(according to the modification of the 19th of treaty)
1. mulch composition comprises:
Mulch, and
Be incorporated into the humidizer in the mulch; With
Wherein water can join in the mulch composition, so that humidizer is in conjunction with water, in order to water is controllably distributed.
2. according to claim 1 mulch composition further comprises fertilizer and seed.
3. according to claim 1 mulch composition comprises:
The mulch of about 4.4-7.3wt% consumption scope;
The humidizer of about 0.05-0.35wt% consumption scope is based on the long-pending percentage (by weight) of interpolation water body; With
The water of about 92.4-95.4wt% consumption scope.
4. according to claim 3 mulch composition comprises:
The mulch of 5.85wt% consumption;
The humidizer of 0.20wt% consumption is based on the long-pending percentage (by weight) of interpolation water body; With
The water of 93.95wt% consumption.
5. according to claim 1 mulch composition, wherein mulch comprises the composition that is selected from wood-fibred, straw, sawdust and the recirculation newsprint.
6. according to claim 5 mulch composition, wherein mulch comprises 100% wood-fibred.
7. according to claim 5 mulch composition, wherein mulch comprises about 70% wood-fibred and about 30% recirculation newsprint.
8. according to claim 1 mulch composition, wherein humidizer comprises:
(a) cellulosic cpd;
(b) crosslinking agent; With
(c) surfactant.
9. according to claim 8 mulch composition, wherein humidizer comprises:
(a) carboxymethyl cellulose of about 85-95%;
(b) aluminum sulfate of about 5.00-15%; With
(c) surfactant of about 0.03-0.08%.
10. according to claim 9 mulch composition, wherein humidizer comprises:
(a) 92.95% carboxymethyl cellulose;
(b) 7.00% aluminum sulfate; With
(c)0.05％Smashing White Water Softener。
11. the mulch composition of claim 1 further comprises tackifier.
12. the mulch composition of claim 11, wherein tackifier comprise guar gum.
13. mulch composition according to claim 8, wherein surfactant is selected from Smashing White Water Softener, Nova Clean, Nova Clean, Novasan, Original Palmolive Liquid, sodium sesquicarbonate, and sodium phosphate trimer.
14. humidizer comprises:
(a) cellulosic cpd;
(b) crosslinking agent; With
(c) surfactant;
Wherein this humidizer can be in conjunction with water.
15. humidizer according to claim 14 further comprises:
(a) carboxymethyl cellulose of about 85-95%;
(b) aluminum sulfate of about 5.00-15%; With
(c) surfactant of about 0.03-0.08%.
16. humidizer according to claim 15 further comprises:
(a) 92.95% carboxymethyl cellulose;
(b) 7.00% aluminum sulfate; With
(c)0.05％Smashing White Water Softener。
17. humidizer according to claim 14, wherein surfactant is selected from Smashing White Water Softener, Nova Clean, Nova Clean, Novasan, Original Palmolive Liquid, sodium sesquicarbonate, and sodium phosphate trimer.
18. humidizer according to claim 14, wherein crosslinking agent is hydrated metal salt.
19. humidizer according to claim 18, wherein crosslinking agent is selected from aluminum sulfate, zinc sulfate, indium sulfate, cadmium sulfate and gallium sulfate.
Can in conjunction with the method for the humidizer of water, comprise the step of cellulose mixture compound, crosslinking agent and surfactant 20. provide.
21. method according to claim 20 further comprises the carboxymethyl cellulose that mixes about 85-95%, the approximately aluminum sulfate of 5.00-15%, and the surfactant of about 0.03-0.08%.
22. method according to claim 20, wherein surfactant is selected from Smashing White Water Softener, Nova Clean, Nova Clean, Novasan, Original Palmolive Liquid, sodium sesquicarbonate, and sodium phosphate trimer.
23. humidizer according to claim 20, wherein crosslinking agent is hydrated metal salt.
24. humidizer according to claim 23, wherein crosslinking agent is selected from aluminum sulfate, zinc sulfate, indium sulfate, cadmium sulfate and gallium sulfate.
25. fire-retardant method may further comprise the steps:
Make the humidizer hydration; With
The hydration humidizer is imposed on claimed surface.
26. the method for irrigation soils may further comprise the steps:
Make the humidizer hydration so that the humidizer that contains in conjunction with water to be provided; With
The hydration humidizer is imposed on claimed surface.
27. the method for mulch composition is provided, may further comprise the steps:
Water is added in the container;
The mulch fiber is added in the water;
The powder humidizer is added in the water; With
Mixing water, mulch fiber and humidizer;
Wherein humidizer is in conjunction with water.
28. the method for claim 27 further may further comprise the steps:
Before the step of adding the mulch fiber and before the step of interpolation humidizer, seed is added in the water; With
After the step of adding seed, fertilizer is added in the water.
29. the method for claim 27, wherein the powder humidizer comprises:
(a) carboxymethyl cellulose of about 85-95%;
(b) aluminum sulfate of about 5.00-15%; With
(c) surfactant of about 0.03-0.08%.
30. method according to claim 29, wherein the powder humidizer comprises:
(a) 92.95% carboxymethyl cellulose;
(b) 7.00% aluminum sulfate; With
(c)0.05％Smashing White Water Softener。
31. the mulch composition that method is according to claim 27 produced.
32. mulch composition comprises:
Comprise the mulch that is selected from the composition in wood-fibred, straw, sawdust and the recirculation newsprint; With
The humidizer of about 0.05-0.35wt%, based on the percentage that the water body that adds with weight that is incorporated in the mulch amasss, humidizer comprises:
(a) carboxymethyl cellulose of about 85-95%;
(b) aluminum sulfate of about 5.00-15%; With
(c) surfactant of about 0.03-0.08%.
Wherein water is added in the mulch composition and keeps, in order to controllably distribute.
33. mulch composition according to claim 32, wherein humidizer comprises:
(a) 92.95% carboxymethyl cellulose;
(b) 7.00% aluminum sulfate; With
(c)0.05％Smashing White Water Softener。
34. mulch composition according to claim 32, wherein mulch comprises 100% wood-fibred.
35. mulch composition according to claim 32, wherein mulch comprises about 70% wood-fibred and about 30% recirculation newsprint.
36. mulch composition according to claim 32 comprises:
The mulch of about 4.5-7.00wt% consumption scope;
The humidizer of about 0.05-0.35wt% consumption scope is based on the long-pending percentage of the water body that adds with weight; With
The water of about 92.35-95.45wt% consumption scope.
37. mulch composition according to claim 36 comprises:
The mulch of 5.85wt% consumption is based on the long-pending percentage of the water body that adds with weight;
The humidizer of 0.20wt% consumption is based on the long-pending percentage of the water body that adds with weight; With
The water of 93.95wt% consumption.
38. mulch composition according to claim 32 further comprises seed.
39. mulch composition according to claim 32 further comprises fertilizer.
Claims (39)
1. mulch composition comprises:
Mulch, and
Be incorporated into the humidizer in the mulch; With
Wherein water can join in the mulch composition and keep, in order to controllably distribute.
2. according to claim 1 mulch composition further comprises fertilizer and seed.
3. according to claim 1 mulch composition comprises:
The mulch of about 4.4-7.3wt% consumption scope;
The about humidizer of 0.05-0.35wt% consumption scope is based on the percentage of the volume of the water that adds with weight; With
The water of about 92.4-95.4wt% consumption scope.
4. according to claim 3 mulch composition comprises:
The mulch of 5.85wt% consumption;
The humidizer of 0.20wt% consumption is based on the long-pending percentage of the water body that adds with weight; With
The water of 93.95wt% consumption.
5. according to claim 1 mulch composition, wherein mulch comprises the composition that is selected from wood-fibred, straw, sawdust and the recirculation newsprint.
6. according to claim 5 mulch composition, wherein mulch comprises 100% wood-fibred.
7. according to claim 5 mulch composition, wherein mulch comprises about 70% wood-fibred and about 30% recirculation newsprint.
8. according to claim 1 mulch composition, wherein humidizer comprises:
(a) cellulosic cpd;
(b) crosslinking agent; With
(c) surfactant.
9. according to claim 8 mulch composition, wherein humidizer comprises:
(a) carboxymethyl cellulose of about 85-95%;
(b) aluminum sulfate of about 5.00-15%; With
(c) surfactant of about 0.03-0.08%.
10. according to claim 9 mulch composition, wherein humidizer comprises:
(a) 92.95% carboxymethyl cellulose;
(b) 7.00% aluminum sulfate; With
(c)0.05％Smashing White Water Softener。
11. the mulch composition of claim 1 further comprises tackifier.
12. the mulch composition of claim 11, wherein tackifier comprise guar gum.
13. mulch composition according to claim 8, wherein surfactant is selected from Smashing White Water Softener, Nova Clean, Nova Clean, Novasan, Original Palmolive Liquid, sodium sesquicarbonate, and sodium phosphate trimer.
14. humidizer comprises:
(a) cellulosic cpd;
(b) crosslinking agent; With
(c) surfactant.
15. humidizer according to claim 14 further comprises:
(a) carboxymethyl cellulose of about 85-95%;
(b) aluminum sulfate of about 5.00-15%; With
(c) surfactant of about 0.03-0.08%.
16. humidizer according to claim 15 further comprises:
(a) 92.95% carboxymethyl cellulose;
(b) 7.00% aluminum sulfate; With
(c)0.05％Smashing White Water Softener。
17. humidizer according to claim 14, wherein surfactant is selected from Smashing White Water Softener, Nova Clean, Nova Clean, Novasan, Original Palmolive Liquid, sodium sesquicarbonate, and sodium phosphate trimer.
18. humidizer according to claim 14, wherein crosslinking agent is hydrated metal salt.
19. humidizer according to claim 18, wherein crosslinking agent is selected from aluminum sulfate, zinc sulfate, indium sulfate, cadmium sulfate and gallium sulfate.
20. the method for humidizer is provided, comprises the step of cellulose mixture compound, crosslinking agent and surfactant.
21. method according to claim 20 further comprises the carboxymethyl cellulose that mixes about 85-95%, the approximately aluminum sulfate of 5.00-15%, and the surfactant of about 0.03-0.08%.
22. method according to claim 20, wherein surfactant is selected from Smashing White Water Softener, Nova Clean, Nova Clean, Novasan, Original Palmolive Liquid, sodium sesquicarbonate, and sodium phosphate trimer.
23. humidizer according to claim 20, wherein crosslinking agent is hydrated metal salt.
24. humidizer according to claim 23, wherein crosslinking agent is selected from aluminum sulfate, zinc sulfate, indium sulfate, cadmium sulfate and gallium sulfate.
25. fire-retardant method may further comprise the steps:
Make the humidizer hydration; With
The hydration humidizer is imposed on claimed surface.
26. the method for irrigation soils may further comprise the steps:
Make the humidizer hydration; With
The hydration humidizer is imposed on claimed surface.
27. the method for mulch composition is provided, may further comprise the steps:
Water is added in the container;
The mulch fiber is added in the water;
The powder humidizer is added in the water; With
Mixing water, mulch fiber and humidizer.
28. the method for claim 27 further may further comprise the steps:
Before the step of adding the mulch fiber and before the step of interpolation humidizer, seed is added in the water; With
After the step of adding seed, fertilizer is added in the water.
29. the method for claim 27, wherein the powder humidizer comprises:
(a) carboxymethyl cellulose of about 85-95%;
(b) aluminum sulfate of about 5.00-15%; With
(c) surfactant of about 0.03-0.08%.
30. method according to claim 29, wherein the powder humidizer comprises:
(a) 92.95% carboxymethyl cellulose;
(b) 7.00% aluminum sulfate; With
(c)0.05％Smashing White Water Softener。
31. the mulch composition that method is according to claim 27 produced.
32. mulch composition comprises:
Comprise the mulch that is selected from the composition in wood-fibred, straw, sawdust and the recirculation newsprint; With
The humidizer of about 0.05-0.35wt%, based on the percentage that the water body that adds with weight that is incorporated in the mulch amasss, humidizer comprises:
(a) carboxymethyl cellulose of about 85-95%;
(b) aluminum sulfate of about 5.00-15%; With
(c) surfactant of about 0.03-0.08%.
Wherein water is added in the mulch composition and keeps, in order to controllably distribute.
33. mulch composition according to claim 32, wherein humidizer comprises:
(a) 92.95% carboxymethyl cellulose;
(b) 7.00% aluminum sulfate; With
(c)0.05％Smashing White Water Softener。
34. mulch composition according to claim 32, wherein mulch comprises 100% wood-fibred.
35. mulch composition according to claim 32, wherein mulch comprises about 70% wood-fibred and about 30% recirculation newsprint.
36. mulch composition according to claim 32 comprises:
The mulch of about 4.5-7.00wt% consumption scope;
The humidizer of about 0.05-0.35wt% consumption scope is based on the long-pending percentage of the water body that adds with weight; With
The water of about 92.35-95.45wt% consumption scope.
37. mulch composition according to claim 36 comprises:
The mulch of 5.85wt% consumption is based on the long-pending percentage of the water body that adds with weight;
The humidizer of 0.20wt% consumption is based on the long-pending percentage of the water body that adds with weight; With
The water of 93.95wt% consumption.
38. mulch composition according to claim 32 further comprises seed.
39. mulch composition according to claim 32 further comprises fertilizer.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US2000/041178 WO2002032210A1 (en) | 2000-10-16 | 2000-10-16 | Mulch composition and method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1423519A true CN1423519A (en) | 2003-06-11 |
Family
ID=21742149
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN00818275A Pending CN1423519A (en) | 2000-10-16 | 2000-10-16 | Mulch composition and method |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2004511238A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20020065909A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1423519A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2001219651A1 (en) |
| EE (1) | EE200200328A (en) |
| IL (1) | IL150219A0 (en) |
| NO (1) | NO20022873L (en) |
| TR (1) | TR200300495T2 (en) |
| TW (1) | TWI243160B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2002032210A1 (en) |
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| CN105724103A (en) * | 2016-02-01 | 2016-07-06 | 南京林业大学 | Water-retention material for greening |
| CN106459762A (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2017-02-22 | 索理思科技公司 | Low degree of substitution sodium carboxymethylcellulose for soil stabilized and water retardant film |
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| US7311050B2 (en) | 2005-04-19 | 2007-12-25 | Kamterter Ii, L.L.C. | Systems for the control and use of fluids and particles |
| CN102423695B (en) * | 2011-09-01 | 2014-04-30 | 广东上九生物降解塑料有限公司 | Straw cellulose-polyhydroxyaluminium salt phosphorus removal adsorbent capable of completely being degraded, and manufacturing method thereof |
| RU2490303C1 (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2013-08-20 | Юрий Васильевич Захаров | Mulching composition (versions) |
| RU2487918C1 (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2013-07-20 | Юрий Васильевич Захаров | Composition of mulch cover (versions) |
| RU2488622C1 (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2013-07-27 | Юрий Васильевич Захаров | Mulching composition (versions) |
| CN103420705A (en) * | 2012-05-24 | 2013-12-04 | 常熟南师大发展研究院有限公司 | Slow fertilization strip |
| RU2508350C1 (en) * | 2012-12-25 | 2014-02-27 | Юрий Васильевич Захаров | Mulching composition (versions) |
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| RU2509099C1 (en) * | 2012-12-25 | 2014-03-10 | Юрий Васильевич Захаров | Mulching composition (versions) |
| RU2500737C1 (en) * | 2012-12-25 | 2013-12-10 | Юрий Васильевич Захаров | Mulching composition (versions) |
| RU2500769C1 (en) * | 2012-12-25 | 2013-12-10 | Юрий Васильевич Захаров | Mulching composition (versions) |
| RU2500738C1 (en) * | 2012-12-25 | 2013-12-10 | Юрий Васильевич Захаров | Mulching composition (versions) |
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2000
- 2000-10-16 KR KR1020027007771A patent/KR20020065909A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-10-16 AU AU2001219651A patent/AU2001219651A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-10-16 JP JP2002535464A patent/JP2004511238A/en active Pending
- 2000-10-16 TR TR2003/00495T patent/TR200300495T2/en unknown
- 2000-10-16 CN CN00818275A patent/CN1423519A/en active Pending
- 2000-10-16 WO PCT/US2000/041178 patent/WO2002032210A1/en active Application Filing
- 2000-10-16 EE EEP200200328A patent/EE200200328A/en unknown
- 2000-10-16 IL IL15021900A patent/IL150219A0/en unknown
-
2001
- 2001-07-11 TW TW090116978A patent/TWI243160B/en active
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2002
- 2002-06-14 NO NO20022873A patent/NO20022873L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
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| CN108476655A (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2018-09-04 | 北京市园林科学研究院 | A kind of preparation method of different moisture content soil germinating bed |
| CN111492742A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-08-07 | 铜川市土壤生态技术创研中心 | Desertification control method of degradable integrated chemical fertilizer soil |
| CN111492742B (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2022-07-08 | 铜川市土壤生态技术创研中心 | Desertification control method of degradable integrated chemical fertilizer soil |
| CN115777428A (en) * | 2022-11-30 | 2023-03-14 | 中铁科学研究院有限公司 | Method for recovering plant diversity in plateau alpine engineering disturbance area |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EE200200328A (en) | 2003-10-15 |
| TWI243160B (en) | 2005-11-11 |
| TR200300495T2 (en) | 2007-01-22 |
| NO20022873L (en) | 2002-07-04 |
| AU2001219651A1 (en) | 2002-04-29 |
| NO20022873D0 (en) | 2002-06-14 |
| KR20020065909A (en) | 2002-08-14 |
| WO2002032210A1 (en) | 2002-04-25 |
| JP2004511238A (en) | 2004-04-15 |
| IL150219A0 (en) | 2002-12-01 |
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