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CN1443400A - 用于数字无线通信网络内数据通信的增强带内信令 - Google Patents

用于数字无线通信网络内数据通信的增强带内信令 Download PDF

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CN1443400A
CN1443400A CN01813207A CN01813207A CN1443400A CN 1443400 A CN1443400 A CN 1443400A CN 01813207 A CN01813207 A CN 01813207A CN 01813207 A CN01813207 A CN 01813207A CN 1443400 A CN1443400 A CN 1443400A
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ibs
demodulator
audio tones
modulator
tone
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CN1443400B (zh
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丹·A·普雷斯顿
约瑟夫·D·普雷斯顿
罗伯特·莱叶德克
韦恩·伊瑟利
罗德·L·普洛克特
飞利浦·R·史密斯
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Airbiquity Inc
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/0009—Transmission of position information to remote stations
    • G01S5/0018—Transmission from mobile station to base station
    • G01S5/0027—Transmission from mobile station to base station of actual mobile position, i.e. position determined on mobile
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/123—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating the position of vehicles, e.g. scheduled vehicles; Managing passenger vehicles circulating according to a fixed timetable, e.g. buses, trains, trams
    • G08G1/127—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating the position of vehicles, e.g. scheduled vehicles; Managing passenger vehicles circulating according to a fixed timetable, e.g. buses, trains, trams to a central station ; Indicators in a central station
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L19/00—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S2205/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S2205/001—Transmission of position information to remote stations
    • G01S2205/002—Transmission of position information to remote stations for traffic control, mobile tracking, guidance, surveillance or anti-collision
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S2205/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S2205/001—Transmission of position information to remote stations
    • G01S2205/008—Transmission of position information to remote stations using a mobile telephone network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M11/00—Telephonic communication systems specially adapted for combination with other electrical systems
    • H04M11/04—Telephonic communication systems specially adapted for combination with other electrical systems with alarm systems, e.g. fire, police or burglar alarm systems

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Audiology, Speech & Language Pathology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Computational Linguistics (AREA)
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  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Transmission Systems Not Characterized By The Medium Used For Transmission (AREA)
  • Reduction Or Emphasis Of Bandwidth Of Signals (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Devices For And Details Of Packaging Control (AREA)
  • Digital Transmission Methods That Use Modulated Carrier Waves (AREA)
  • Telephonic Communication Services (AREA)

Abstract

带内信令调制解调器通过无线通讯网络的语音信道传送数字数据。输入端接收数字数据。编码器把数字数据转换成合成人类语音的频率特征的音频音调。该数字数据还被编码，以防止无线通信网络中的语音编码电路破坏代表数字数据的合成音频音调。输出端把合成的音频音调输出给数字无线通信网络的语音信道。

Description

用于数字无线通信网络内数据通信的增强带内信令
技术领域
本发明涉及无线通信，更具体地说涉及通过数字无线网络“带内”的语音信道传送数字数据的系统。
背景技术
蜂窝电话机允许用户与另一用户交谈，而不必束缚于“陆线”。蜂窝电话机包括从用户的语音抽取语音信号样本的电路。利用A-D转换器，这些语音信号被转换成数字形式。数字化的语音信号被语音编码器编码，随后被调制到载波频率上，所述载波频率通过蜂窝网络传送该语音信号。语音信号通过无线蜂窝网络被发送给无线蜂窝网络中的另一电话机或者被发送给陆线电话网络中的另一电话机。
在蜂窝和陆线电话网络中使用不同的编码器/解码器(编译码器)、调制器、语音编码器、自动增益控制器(AGC)、模-数转换器(A/D)、降噪电路和数-模转换器(D/A)。这些电话组件可实现用于对语音信号编码和解码的不同编码方案。
通信组件被设计成通过无线和陆线语音通信信道有效传送语音信号。例如，数字语音编码器使用预测编码技术来表示语音信号。这些预测编码器滤出噪声(非语音信号)，同时在通过语音信道传送语音信号之前，压缩和估计语音信号的频率分量。
当诸如语音编码器之类的语音通信设备被用于传送数字数据时会发生问题。语音编码器可把代表数字数据的信号解释为非语音信号。语音编码器可能完全滤出或者破坏这些数字数据信号。于是，不能通过用于传送语音信号的相同数字语音信道可靠地传送数字数据。
有时用户必须同时向另一位置既传送语音信号又传送数字数据。例如，当蜂窝电话机用户呼叫“911”寻求紧急帮助时，用户可能需要向呼叫中心发送数字位置数据，同时口头向操作人员说明紧急情况。最好通过蜂窝电话机传送该数字数据，而不必使用单独的模拟无线调制解调器。
因此存在通过数字无线通信网络的语音信道传送数字数据的需要。
发明内容
一种带内信令调制解调器通过数字无线通信网络中的语音信道传送数字数据。输入端接收数字数据。编码器把数字数据转换成合成人类语音的频率特征的音频音调。数字数据还被编码，以防止通信网络中的语音编码电路破坏代表数字数据的合成音频音调。输出端随后把合成的音频音调输出给数字无线通信网络的语音信道。
参考附图，根据本发明的优选实施例的下述详细说明，本发明的前述及其它特征和优点将变得更加显而易见。
附图说明
图1表示根据本发明提供带内信令(IBS)的无线通信网络。
图2详细说明与根据本发明的一个实施例的IBS调制解调器耦接的蜂窝电话机。
图3是根据本发明的IBS调制解调器的另一实施例。
图4详细说明IBS调制解调器编码器。
图5是IBS分组的示意图。
图6是从IBS调制器输出的数字数据音调的示意图。
图7表示了自动增益控制器如何破坏数字数据。
图8表示了数字无线网络如何能够滤除数字数据音调。
图9详细表示与IBS调制解调器解码器耦接的接收电路。
图10是图9中所示的IBS解码器的状态图。
图11是表示IBS解码器中的搜索状态的方框图。
图12是表示IBS解码器中的激活状态的方框图。
图13是表示IBS解码器中的时钟恢复状态的方框图。
图14是当IBS调制解调器位于可拆卸的电池组中时的蜂窝电话机的示意图。
图15是表示通过IBS调制解调器与蜂窝电话机耦接的不同数据源的示意图。
图16是表示使用声卡的IBS调制解调器的实现的示意图。
图17和18是表示衅16中的声卡如何工作的方框图。
图19是IBS调制解调器的同步电路的方框图。
图20是图19中的同步电路的详细图。
图21是表示图19中的同步电路如何工作的计时图。
图22表示了同步电路如何确定最佳同步开始时间。
图23是同步电路的一种备选实现。
图24是多信道IBS调制解调器的编码器图。
图25是多信道IBS调制解调器的解码器图。
图26和27表示图24和25中所示的多信道IBS调制解调器的不同信道配置。
图28是多载波IBS调制解调器的编码器图。
图29是多载波IBS调制解调器的解码器图。
具体实施方式
参见图1，无线通信网络12包括从用户23接收语音信号22的蜂窝电话机14。蜂窝电话机14中的语音编码器18把语音信号22编码成通过无线数字语音信道34传送的编码数字语音信号31(小区呼叫(cell call))。蜂窝电话机14把编码语音信号31传送给蜂窝通信站点(小区站点)36，所述蜂窝通信站点把小区呼叫转播给蜂窝通信交换系统(CTSS)38。
CTSS 38或者把小区呼叫连接到无线蜂窝网络12中的另一蜂窝电话机，或者作为线路交换呼叫连接到PSTN网络42上的陆线电话机，或者作为IP语音(VoIP)呼叫通过分组交换网际协议(IP)网络46发送该小区呼叫。该小区呼叫也可从PSTN网络42回送给蜂窝网络12或者从PSTN网络42发送给IP网络46，或者反之亦然。小区呼叫最后到达和最初在蜂窝电话机14上输入的目的地电话号码对应的电话机44。
在蜂窝网络12中的任意点，例如在PSTN网络42和IP网络46中可插入额外的数据，并且该信号被重新调制，以便通过有线或蜂窝网络传输。这种数据可以是和系统相关的数据，例如路由信息、长途或价目表信息等。
带内信令(IBS)调制解调器28使蜂窝电话机14能够通过蜂窝网络12的无线电信道34，送来自于数据源30的数字数据29。IBS调制解调器28把数字数据29调制成合成的数字数据音调26。数字数据音调26防止蜂窝网络12和陆线网络42中的编码组件，例如语音编码器18破坏数字数据。IBS调制解调器28中使用的编码和调制方案允许通过蜂窝电话机14中使用的对语音信号22编码的相同语音编码器18传送数字数据29。利用这种技术，可增强诸如自动售货机之类的器具。
合成音调被定义成代表也具有信令特性的数字数据的信号，所述信令特性使得所述信号能够由语音编码器进行编码和解码，而不会失去信号中的数字数据信息。在一个例子中，频移键控(FSK)信号被用于产生人类语音的语音范围内不同频率下的合成音调。
IBS调制解调器28使得能够利用相同的蜂窝电话机电路，通过相同的数字语音信道传送语音信号22和数字数据29。这可避免用户不得不利用单独的无线调制解调器传送数字数据，并且允许蜂窝电话机用户在相同的数字无线呼叫内进行交谈和发送数据。
本发明把数字数据29调制成合成的语音音调。这可防止蜂窝电话机语音编码器18过滤或破坏与数字数据29有关的二进制数值。相同的蜂窝电话机收发器和编码电路被用于传送和接收语音信号和数字数据。这使得IBS调制解调器28能够比独立的无线调制解调器小得多，更简单并且能量效率更高。在一些实施例中，仅仅利用蜂窝电话机14中的现有硬件组件，完全以软件的形式实现ISB调制解调器28。
一个或多个服务器40位于无线网络12、PSTN网络42或IP网络46中的任意不同位置。每个服务器40包括一个或多个对通过数字语音信道34传送和接收的数字数据29编码、检测和解码的IBS调制解调器28。解码后的数字数据或者在服务器40被处理，或者被发送给另一计算机，例如计算机50。
参见图2，IBS调制解调器28的第一传送部分包括IBS编码器52和数模转换器(D/A)54。一般利用数字信号处理器(DSP)实现IBS编码器52。数据源30代表需要数字数据的无线传送或接收的任意装置。例如，数据源30可以是膝上型计算机、掌上型计算机或者全球定位系统(GPS)(参见图15)。
数据源30把数字位流29输出给IBS编码器52。IBS编码器52把数字数据29转换成专门格式化的IBS分组，以便通过数字无线语音信道传送。IBS编码器52随后把二进制位从IBS分组转换成数字数据音调，所述数字数据音调随后被送入D/A转换器54。
IBS调制解调器28输出均代表音频音调的幅度和相位分量的二进制数值。D/A转换器54把这些数字数值转换成模拟音频音调26，所述模拟音频音调26随后被输出给蜂窝电话机14上的辅助音频端口15。蜂窝电话机14随后处理模拟音频音调26。蜂窝电话机14中的模数(A/D)转换器16把合成的模拟音频音调26编码成数字数值。语音编码器18把合成音调26的数字表现编码成编码数字数据32，并且把编码数据输出给收发器19，收发器19通过数字语音信道34传送编码数字数据32。
从D/A转换器26输出的合成音频音调26的优选电压约为25毫伏(正负峰间幅值)。该电压水平可防止音频音调26使蜂窝电话机14中的语音信道电路饱和。
由于数字数据29通过蜂窝电话机14中的现有辅助免手音频端口15被输入，因此IBS调制解调器28可被安装成可使任意数据源30与蜂窝电话机14相连的售后装置。数据源30可以任意数字格式传送数字数据29。例如，可通过RS-232接口、通用串行总线(USB)接口或者任意其它串行或并行接口发送数字数据29。
图3表示IBS调制解调器28的备选实施例。图3中的IBS调制解调器28位于蜂窝电话机14内，并且通过利用现有的蜂窝电话机处理器或者利用其自身组件和现有蜂窝电话机组件的某些组合，以软件的形式实现。本实施例中，蜂窝电话机14可包括从外部数据源30接收数字数据29的数据端口56。在备选实施例中，数字数据源30在蜂窝电话机14内部。例如，数据源30可以是包括用于从GPS卫星(图14)接收全球定位数据的GPS接收器(未示出)的全球定位系统(GPS)芯片。
一般通过利用DSP以软件的形式实现上述图3中的IBS编码器52，并且可使用用于实现语音编码器18的相同DSP。D/A转换器54把代表数字数据29的合成音频音调输出给蜂窝电话机14的内部A/D转换器16。备选实施例中的IBS编码器52不仅把数字数据29合成为音频音调，而且还量化数字频率值。IBS编码器52随后直接把量化数据55输入语音编码器18。在本发明的又一个实施例中，在实现语音编码器18的相同DSP内，完全以软件的形式实现IBS编码器52。
语音编码器18使用与无线通信网络12(图1)相关的特定编码方案。例如，语音编码器18可以是把语音信号转换成数字CDMA信号的VCELP编码器。A/D转换器16、D/A转换器54和收发器19是本领域的技术人员已知的现有蜂窝电话机组件。
重要的是注意ISB编码器52能够利用传送语音信号的相同蜂窝电话机电路传送数字数据29。IBS编码器52防止A/D转换器16、语音编码器18或者收发器19进行的任意信号近似、量化、编码、调制等破坏或滤除数字数据29的任意二进制位。
图4详细说明了图2和图3中所示的IBS编码器52。数据缓冲器58保存来自于数据源30的二进制位流29。分组器60把缓冲器58中的二进制位分割成包含IBS分组有效负载的字节。分组格式化器62添加帮助防止IBS分组有效负载的破坏的分组前置码和后同步码。随后IBS调制器64利用两个或多个不同频率66和68调制IBS分组中的二进制位，以便产生数字数据音调69。
防止语音信道中数字数据的破坏
蜂窝电话机语音编码器通过利用试图在不必发送与人类语音相关的所有信息的情况下，描述语音信号的预测编码技术，增大语音信道中的带宽。如果在语音信道中产生任何非自然的频率或音调(即代表数字数据的频率)，这些频率可能被语音编码器18(图2)否决。例如，如果数字数据音调的幅度大于正常语音信号的幅度，或者在过长的一段时间内产生相同的数字数据音调，则语音编码器18会滤出该高幅值或者延长的频率信号。根据数字数据音调的编码方式，由这些非自然音频音调代表的数字位可能部分或者整个地从语音信道中被除去。
IBS编码器52以语音编码器不会滤出或破坏代表数字数据的音调的方式对数字数据29编码。IBS编码器52通过控制用于表示二进制位值的合成音频音调的幅度、时间周期和模式来完成这一点。
参见图5，分组格式化器62(图4)把分组前置码73和报头75添加到IBS分组70之前。分组前置码73包括前置码模式72和sync模式74。检查和78和分组后同步码79被附到IBS分组70的后端。
图6表示从IBS调制器64(图4)输出的合成数字数据音调69。IBS调制器64(图4)把IBS分组70中的数字位转换成两种不同音调之一。第一种音调产生于f1频率下，并代表二进制“1”值，第二种音调产生于f2频率下，并代表二进制“0”值。在一个实施例中，f1频率为600Hz，f2频率为500Hz。
已确定产生代表二进制位值的音调的最有效频率范围在400Hz和1000Hz之间的某处。IBS调制器64包括用于产生代表f1和f2频率下的不同幅度和相位值的数字数值的正弦和余弦表格。
在本发明的一个实施例中，在语音信道34上以100位/秒的波特率输出数字数据。已发现该波特率可有效防止各种各样不同蜂窝电话机语音编码器破坏数字音频数据。各个f1和f2音调的正弦波开始并终止于零幅度点，并且持续10毫秒。对于每个数字数据音调，产生80个样本。
参见图7，自动增益控制器(AGC)80是蜂窝电话机14中使用的一种编码功能元件。AGC 80可以是位于实现语音编码器18的相同DSP中的软件。AGC 80按比例放大语音信号中的瞬时能量变化。存在一段时间没有向AGC 80输入任何语音信号时，之后跟随包含IBS分组70的始点的一系列音频音调82的情况。AGC 80按比例放大位于IBS分组70始点的第一组音调82。在IBS分组70的终点之后，AGC 80还超前检查零信号水平84，并将按比例放大位于IBS分组70终点的音调83，作为其预测缩放方案的一部分。这种缩放防止当在语音信道中发生瞬时能量变化时信号或噪声的过分放大。
如前面图6中所示，IBS分组70的“2”和“0”位分别由音调f1和f2代表。如果这些音调被AGC 80放大，则在编码中可能丢弃由这些频率代表的数字位。例如，语音编码器18可把放大后的音调看作噪声，并把它们从语音信道中滤除。为了防止无意滤除代表数字数据的音调，图5中的IBS分组70包括前置码位72和后同步码位79。前置码位72和后同步码位79不包含来自数据源的任意数字数据位29，但是包括一定数目的牺牲位，所述牺牲位不是检测或对IBS分组70编码所必需的。从而，为前置码和后同步码中的这些牺牲位产生的音调可被AGC 80按比例缩放或者过滤，而不会影响包含在IBS分组有效负载76中的任意数字数据。
前置码72和sync模式74中的位模式被专门格式化，以进一步防止破坏分组有效负载76。随机序列和/或交替的二进制位“1”-“0”序列被用在前置码72和/或sync模式74中。这些交替或者随机位模式防止蜂窝电话机语音编码器18中的自适应过滤器(图2)滤除代表IBS分组70中剩余二进制位的音调。
参见图8，自适应过滤器围绕当前通过无线网络传送的频率作出适应。例如如果当前正在传送长周期的相同f1音调，则蜂窝电话机中使用的自适应过滤器可围绕如过滤器86所示的f1频谱作出适应。
另一频率f2下的另一短音调可紧随长周期的f1音调之后。如果过滤器86太慢以致不能作出适应，则会从语音信道滤除头几个f2音调。如果滤除的f2音调代表IBS位流中的二进制位，则这些二进制位被丢失。
为了防止蜂窝电话机中的自适应过滤器丢弃二进制位，前置码73的一些部分包括随机的或者交替的“1”-“0”位模式。这使由过滤器88所示的自适应过滤器预先作好准备。前置码73(图5)试图包括可能或者确实产生于分组有效负载76中的一部分相同位序列。例如，IBS编码器52可超前检查有效负载76中的位模式。随后编码器52可把二进制位的子集放入一部分前置码中，以代表分组有效负载中的位序列。
这使自适应过滤器为相同持续时间，并且以可能遵循IBS分组有效负载76中类似序列的相同f1和f2频率做好准备。从而，自适应过滤器不太可能滤出实际代表正在传送的数字数据的音调。
图9是接收无线电信道34中的语音和数据信号的接收电路91的方框图。IBS调制解调器28还包括检测并对在语音信道34中传送的数字数据音调解码的IBS解码器98。接收电路91位于从小区站点36(图1)接收无线传输的CTSS 38(图1)处。同样的接收电路91还位于蜂窝电话机14中。
如同前面在图2和图3中所述那样，IBS调制解调器28的解码器部分可位于蜂窝电话机14外面或者可位于蜂窝电话机14之内。虚线104表示位于蜂窝电话机之外的IBS调制解调器28，虚线106表示位于蜂窝电话机之内的内置IBS调制解调器28。IBS调制解调器14可位于PSTN网络42或者IP网络46(图1)中的任意电话机位置。当IBS调制解调器28与陆线耦接时，接收电路91可不同。但是，通过经电话线的语音信道上传送和接收合成音调，IBS调制解调器28按照相同的原理工作。
无线电信道34中的信号由收发器90接收。语音编码器92译解接收的信号。例如，语音编码器92可译解在TDMA、CDMA、AMPS等中传送的信号。D/A转换器94把数字语音信号转换成模拟信号。模拟语音信号随后从音频扬声器17输出。
如果IBS调制解调器28在接收电路91之外，则A/D转换器96把模拟信号重新转换成数字信号。IBS解码器98把代表数字数据的任意音调重新解调成数字IBS分组。分组分解器100从IBS分组70分解分组有效负载，并且把解码后的数字数据保存在数据缓冲器102中。
图10是说明图9中的IBS解码器98如何工作的状态图。IBS解码器98反复对从无线电信道34接收的语音信号采样并解码。状态110搜索语音信号中代表数字数据的音调。如果数字数据音调的频率范围内音调的信噪比(SNR)大于预定值，则IBS解码器98进入激活状态112。激活状态112收集音调样本。如果在激活状态112内的任意时间，SNR低于激活阈值，或者在收集到足够的音调样本之前超时，则IBS解码器98返回搜索状态110，并且再次开始搜索数字数据音调。
在收集许多样本之后，IBS解码器98查找识别IBS分组70中的前置码73(图5)的二进制位。如果检测到前置码73，则IBS解码器98前进到时钟恢复状态114。时钟恢复状态114与IBS分组70中的同步模式74(图5)同步。IBS解码器98随后在状态116下对分组有效负载76解调。如果没有找到前置码73，则IBS解码器98返回搜索状态110，开始再次搜索IBS分组70的起点。
IBS解码器98解调所有的分组有效负载76，随后进行检查和78，作为已成功解调有效IBS分组70的最终确认。控制随后返回到搜索状态110，开始搜索下一IBS分组70。
图11是IBS解码器98的搜索状态110的详细图。搜索状态110使用带内和带外过滤。下述说明中使用的“带内”指的是代表数字数据二进制“1”值的音调(500Hz)和代表数字数据二进制“0”值的音调(600Hz)的频率范围内的音调。
第一带通滤波器118(带内)测量语音信道中在约400Hz-700Hz频率范围内的信号的能量。第二带通滤波器120(带外)测量语音信道中在400Hz-700Hz范围外的信号的能量。在方框122中计算带内能量和带外能量之间的信噪比(SNR)。如果在语音信道中存在代表数字数据的音调，则带内滤波器118测得的能量将远大于带外滤波器120测得的能量。
如果在比较器124中SNR低于选择的阈值，则确定语音信道中的信号是实际的语音信号或者是噪声。如果SNR高于阈值，则IBS解码器98确定音调代表带内数字数据。当检测到数字数据时，IBS解码98前进到激活状态112(图10)，开始搜索IBS分组70的起点。
图12表示IBS解码器98的激活状态。当在语音信道中检测到带内音调时，搜索状态110通知方框130。在方框132中利用与单个二进制位相关的许多样本对音频音调的样本开窗。在一个实施例中，获取数字数据音调的80个样本，并用零填充，随后使之与离散傅里叶变换(DFT)发生联系。
第一DFT具有代表500Hz音调的系数，并在方框134中被应用于开窗数据。如果样本包含500Hz音调(“0”二进制位值)，则第一DFT产生高相关值。第二DFT代表600Hz音调，并且在方框136中被应用于开窗数据。如果开窗样本包含600Hz音调(“1”二进制位值)，则第二DFT产生高相关值。方框138根据500Hz DFT或600HzDFT中哪个产生最大的相关值，为开窗数据选择二进制“0”或二进制“1”位值。
在判定方框140中，IBS解码器98继续对音调解调，直到检测到IBS分组70的前置码为止。IBS解码器98随后前进到时钟恢复状态114(图13)，以便与IBS分组70中的sync模式74(图5)同步。如果在能够验证前置码73之前，需要解调更多的二进制位，则判定方框140返回方框132，并对数字数据音调的下80个样本开窗和解调。
图13描述IBS解码器98的时钟恢复状态114。在激活状态112中检测到IBS分组70中的前置码73之后，时钟恢复状态114对与sync模式74(图5)相关的下一串二进制位解调。时钟恢复状态114使音调样本和在激活状态112中描述的相关过滤器的中心对准。这提高了对IBS分组有效负载76解调时解码器的精度。
判定方框142查找IBS分组70中的sync模式74。如果在解调下一音调之后，没有找到sync模式74，则判定方框142在方框148中使用于对sync模式74采样的窗口偏移一个样本。随后判定方框150重新检查sync模式74。如果找到sync模式74，则判定方框144确定检测到的sync模式的功率比。该功率比代表解调器与sync模式有多同步的置信度。把该功率比与对于不同的窗口移位采样位置得到的功率比进行比较。如果该功率比大于前一采样位置的功率比，则在方框146中把该功率比保存为新的最大功率比。
如果sync模式74的功率比小于先前测量的功率比，则在方框148中，解码器使采样窗口偏移一个样本位置。随后确定移位窗口的功率比，并在判定方框144中将其与当前的最大功率比进行比较。移动窗口直到找到sync模式74的最大功率比为止。最大功率比处的窗口偏移值被用于使解调器相关过滤器和IBS分组报头75中的第一位77(图5)的中心样本对准。
IBS解码器89随后跳到解调状态116(图10)，在解调状态下，确定的窗口偏移被用于解调代表分组有效负载位76和检查和位78的剩余500Hz和600Hz音调。解调状态116按照和激活状态(图12)中相同的方式，使f1和f2音调和DFT相关。检查和位78随后被用作验证已接收并准确译解有效IBS分组的最终检验。
图14表示了位于与蜂窝电话机14相连的电池组中的IBS调制解调器28。免手语音信道引线200使IBS调制解调器28与蜂窝电话机14中的语音信道202耦接。开关204使来自麦克风17的语音信号或者来自IBS调制解调器28的数字数据音调与语音信道202耦接。
通过蜂窝电话机14中屏幕上的菜单(图中未示出)，或者借助伸出电池组208后端的按钮206控制开关204。开关204也可由蜂窝电话机14的键盘上的按键之一控制。
按钮206也可用于起动通过IBS调制解调器28提供的其它功能。例如，全球定位系统(GPS)包括位于电池组208中的GPS接收器210。GPS接收器210从GPS卫星212接收GPS数据。在紧急情况下，蜂窝电话机操作者只需按压按钮206。按压按钮206自动使GPS接收器210收集来自于GPS卫星212的GPS数据。同时，开关204把IBS调制解调器28连接到蜂窝电话机14的语音信道202上。从而激活IBS调制解调器28。一旦在IBS调制解调器28中收集GPS数据，则该数据就被IBS调制解调器28格式化、编码并输出给蜂窝电话机14的语音信道202。
用户23可在手动呼叫某一电话号码之后的任意时刻按压按钮206。在建立与另一端点的语音信道之后，用户23按压按钮206。开关204连接到IBS调制解调器28，IBS调制解调器28被激活。随后GPS数据(或者其它数字源)经IBS调制解调器28，以数字数据音调的形式通过建立的语音信道发送给端点。在数据被成功传送之后，用户再次按下按钮206，使开关204重新与音频接收器17相连。
图15表示可与IBS调制解调器28相连的不同类型的数据源。掌上型计算机212、GPS接收器214或者计算机216等均可与IBS调制解调器28耦接。IBS调制解调器28把来自上述装置的位输出转换成随后通过无线网络中的无线电信道34输出的数字数据音调。由于可通过蜂窝电话机14把数据传送给另一端点，因此装置212、214或216都不需要单独的无线调制解调器。
声卡中带内信令调制解调器的实现
可在标准计算机声卡中实现IBS调制解调器。参见图16，诸如Stillwater，Ok 74075；Creative Labs，Inc.，1523 Cimarron Plaza生产的Sound Blaster卡之类的声卡包含在计算机250中。声卡252的扬声器输出端253把音频音调输出给蜂窝电话机258上的免手端口257。声卡252上的麦克风输入端与蜂窝电话机258的扬声器输出端相连。
计算机包括把数字数据转换成声卡252使用的音频格式，以便输出合成音频音调的处理器254。蜂窝电话机258对这些音频音调编码，并通过无线通信网络的语音信道传送这些音频音调。小区站点261接收传送的音频音调，并且通过PSTN网络263转发音频音调。计算机262与电话呼叫的目的地位置处的电话线260相连。计算机262中的另一声卡264和处理器266把音频音调解调成数字数据。在计算机262上显示音频音调代表的数字数据。声卡可用于数据编码、解码或者既用于数据编码又用于数据解码。可在计算机250或计算机262使用声卡，或者既在计算机250又在计算机262使用声卡。
参见图16和17，在方框270中，数据文件、GPS数据、用户利用键盘输入的数据或者其它任意数字数据由计算机250分组并格式化成IBS分组。图4和5中描述了分组和分组格式化。在方框272中，IBS分组中的二进制位值被转换成声卡252(图16)使用的用于产生合成音频音调的数字格式。例如，IBS分组中的二进制“1”位值被转换成代表第一f1频率音调的数字格式，二进制“0”位值被转换成第二频率音调。类似于图6中描述的方式产生f1和f2音调。
在方框274中，按照和图3中描述的IBS编码器52和数-模转换器54相似的方式，声卡输出代表二进制位值的模块音调。在方框276中，蜂窝电话机276对音频音调编码，并在方框278中，在无线通信网络中通过语音信道传送编码后的音频音调。
参见图16和18，建立关于目的地电话号码的蜂窝电话呼叫。在方框280中，用户捡起振铃电话线，或者位于蜂窝电话呼叫的目的地端的计算机262(图16)被编程，以便从电话线260检测振铃信号。如果检测到振铃信号，则在方框282中，用户或者计算机262在电话线260上产生“摘机”信号。在方框284中，声卡264通过把电话线260上的音频音调转换成数字数据，起类似于模-数转换器的作用。类似于图9-13中描述的IBS解码器98，声卡264和处理器266(图16)一起译解IBS音频音调。随后在方框290中，在计算机262的屏幕上显示检测到的IBS音调的数字表现。
在一个例子中，用户希望找出蜂窝电话机258的位置。用户指令计算机262(图16)拔打蜂窝电话机258的电话号码。计算机262使用声卡264发送指令蜂窝电话机258回送GPS位置数据的IBS音调。计算机250可具有GPS接收器，或者蜂窝电话机258可具有单独的GPS接收器。如果GPS接收器和IBS调制解调器在蜂窝电话机258之内，如图2-9中所示，则计算机250不需与蜂窝电话机258相连。
GPS数据由声卡252转换成IBS音调，如图17中所示，或者通过内部IBS调制解调器被转换成IBS音调，如图2-9中所述。代表GPS数据的IBS音调通过无线通信信道和PSTN网络263被回送给电话线260。计算机262中的声卡264关于IBS音频音调监视电话线260。当被检测到时，IBS音调被转换成数字GPS数据，并由处理器266在计算机262的屏幕上向用户显示。计算机262中的映射程序随后可把GPS经度和纬度值转换成国家、城市和街道地址。
同步
图19表示了IBS解码器300中解调并使IBS调制解调器同步的备选技术。在接口301，通过无线通信网络的语音信道接收IBS音频音调。接收的音调由A/D转换器302从模拟形式转换成数字形式。IBS信号检测器304按照和图11中描述的相同方式，检测IBS音频音调的存在。
备选的同步技术开始于解码器300利用乘法器306和308把IBS信号调谐到复合基带。乘法器306有效地把第一和第二IBS频率f1和f2下的任意IBS音调移动到DC。第一基带信号被称为SA′，第二基带信号被称为SB′。匹配滤波器组310把匹配滤波器应用于对于代表二进制“1”和二进制“0”值的两个音频音调，具有预期脉冲形状的基带信号。从匹配滤波器组310输出的SA信号代表二进制1值，SB信号代表二进制0值。考虑到可能存在于SA或SB信号中的无线通信信道的已知特性，匹配滤波器组还可增加滤波。
选择匹配滤波器，以便匹配应用于调制器的脉冲整形。考虑到信令带宽、位速率和符号间干扰之间的最佳权衡，选拔脉冲整形。脉冲整形滤波器被应用于调制器的数字振荡器的集分阶段。
IBS同步器312使调制器和附加在IBS分组前端的同步模式一致。来自SA和SB信号的样本段316和样本开始时间TB一起被输入同步解调器314中。解调器314把指示解调器与同步模式中的起始位有多同步的功率值320输出给IBS同步器312。IBS同步器312使用相对于各个样本开始时间TB的功率值320确定对IBS分组中的其余二进制位进行解调的最佳开始时间(*TB)。IBS分组调制器322随后使用最佳开始时间*TB解调来自SA和SB信号的二进制位值。
图20更详细地描述了图19中的sync解调器314和IBS分组解调器322。第一积分器324对SA信号的第一样本段积分。积分器开始于样本开始时间TB，并对代表一个IBS位的持续时间(波特时间)的N个样本积分。检波器326把积分值的幅值送入加法器332。按照相似的方式，积分器328对始于样本开始时间TB的信号SB的样本段积分。检波器330把SB信号的积分段的幅值送入加法器332。加法器332的输出是被送回同步器312的功率信号320。IBS分组解调器322(图19)还包括根据SA和SB信号的幅值，产生二进制1值或者二进制0值的比较器334。
为了进一步说明，图21表示了从匹配滤波器组310输出的信号SA和SB的图形表示。SA和SB信号的若干样本336代表一个IBS音调的位持续时间。在图21中所示的例子中，对于每个位持续时间T，获取5个样本。对每次积分，样本开始时间TB移动一个样本。第一积分的起始样本始于样本开始时间Tb1。如图21中所示，样本开始时间Tb1并不和代表二进制“1”值的SA信号或者代表二进制“0”值的SB信号一致。对于Tb1，图20中的sync解调器314产生为0.0的功率输出值。
当使用样本开始时间TB2时，调解器314产生为-2.0的输出值。样本开始时间TB3代表与信号SB中的“0”音调的始点同步最好的样本。在同步开始时间TB3，输出功率为-3。当样本开始时间TB4和TB5进一步远离最佳同步位置时，输出功率的幅值降低。图22表示了对于不同样本开始时间的功率分布的量值。最大功率量值位于样本开始时间TB3。从而，IBS同步器312使用最佳样本开始时间Tb3(图19)。
参见图20和21，始于样本时间Tb3的第一采样段338从图20中的加法器332产生为-3的输出值。对于小于零的任意加法器数值，图20中的比较器334产生二进制“0”。对于第二段的样本值340，加法器332的输出产生+3的输出值。由于第二样本段的输出值大于0，因此比较器334产生二进制“1”值。IBS分组解调器322(图19)继续为剩余的IBS位流译解SA和SB信号中的音调。
图23表示图19-22中描述的同步方案的变化。在方框341中检测IBS音调。对于代表二进制位“1”值的音频音调频率fA和代表二进制位“0”的音频音调fB，乘法器342把IBS音调移动到基调。对fA和fB信号的每个单个样本T(x)进行基带移动。
替代对整个波特的样本求和，改为在方框344中利用新样本T(x)获得最新波特值的运行和。例如，在每位20个样本的样本速率的情况下，从运行和中删除第21个样本T(N+1)，并把下一样本T(x)添加到运行和中。在方框345中分别获取关于音调A和音调B的两个运行和的量值，并且由比较器346比较这两个量值。根据A音调或B音调样本中哪个样本具有最大量值，从比较器346输出二进制“1”或二进制“0”值。在相关性方框347中，使从比较器346输出的二进制位值与已知的sync模式相关。选择的样本开始时间*TB被确定为产生与同步模式的最大相关值的最新样本。随后根据选择的样本开始时间*TB，解调IBS分组中的剩余二进制位。
多信道带内信令调制解调器
图24表示了多信道带内信令(MIBS)调制解调器的编码器部分350。数据源351产生二进制位流。MIBS编码器350在相同的语音信道内产生多个带内信令信道。数据缓冲器352保存来自于数据源351的二进制位流。分组装配器353把缓冲器352中的二进制位装配成分组有效负载，并对该分组有效负载添加前置码和后同步码，从而形成如上图4中所述的IBS分组。
编码器350包括均产生代表IBS分组中二进制位的不同音频音调的两个调制器356和362。调制器356利用f1频率360调制二进制“1”值，利用f2频率358调制二进制“0”值。调制器362利用f3频率364调制IBS分组中具有二进制“1”值的其它二进制位，利用f4频率366调制二进制“0”值。从调制器356输出的f1和f2被称为第一带内信令信道，从调制器362输出的f3和f4音调被称为第二IBS信道。从这两个调制器356和362输出的音调由加法器368组合在一起，随后被输出给D/A转换器370和其它蜂窝电话机电路14(图2)。蜂窝电话机电路14对这两个IBS信道中的音调编码，并通过蜂窝电话网络的语音信道传送所述音调。
单个调制器356和366在操作上和图4中所示的IBS调制器64类似。在IBS调制器24中可产生任意数目的IBS信道。例如，通过把调制IBS分组的第三部分的二进制位的第三IBS调制器添加到利用频率f5和f6的音调中，可提供第三IBS信道。第三IBS信道的输出可被送入加法器368。但是，为了简便起见，图24中只表示了具有两个对应IBS调制器356和362的两信道IBS调制解调器。
IBS信道控制器354控制发射和接收IBS调制解调器如何使用多个IBS信道。例如，第一IBS信道只可被第一IBS调制解调器用于IBS分组，第二IBS信道只可被第一IBS调制解调器用于接收IBS分组。位于传输另一端的第二IBS调制解调器则使用第二IBS信道进行传输，使用第一IBS信道进行接收。IBS信道控制器354把控制位添加到商议这两个通信IBS调制解调器之间多个IBS信道的使用的IBS分组中。下面在图26和27中更详细地说明IBS调制解调器的不同结构。控制器354还控制调制器356和362调制IBS分组的哪些部分。例如，调制器可调制所有其它的IBS分组或者每个调制器可调制相同IBS分组的不同部分。
图25表示了MIBS调制解调器的解码器375。来自语音信道的音频音调由接收电路372解码，并被送入A/D转换器374。第一滤波器376过滤位于第一IBS信道中两个音调的频率范围之外的信号，第二滤波器378过滤位于第二IBS信道中所述两个音调的频率范围之外的信号。滤波器376的频率范围从f1-Δf到f2+Δf，滤波器378的频率范围从f3-Δf到f4+Δf。滤波器376和378分别表示在解码器380和382之间。但是，但是在解码过程中，也可在相同DSP中的任意地方实现滤波器376和378。
第一IBS信道解码器380检测第一IBS信道中的两个音调，并将其解调成二进制位值，第二IBS信道解码器382检测第二IBS信道中的两个音调，并将其解调成二进制位值。解码器380和382按照前面关于图19中的解码器98或图19中的解码器300描述的相同方式，检测、同步和解调IBS音调。分组装配器386把从这两个解码器380和382输出的二进制位装配成随后被输出给数据缓冲器388的IBS分组。
接收IBS调制解调器中的IBS信道控制器384使这两个解码器380和382同步，并且确定哪个解码器解调哪些部分或者哪个IBS分组。控制器384还进行关于发射IBS调制解调器的通信协议，所述通信协议商议哪个IBS调制解调器正在通过哪些IBS信道传送IBS分组和哪个IBS调制解调器正在通过哪些IBS信道接收IBS分组。
可在相同的DSP中以软件的形式实现用于第一IBS信道的滤波器376和解码器380和用于第二IBS信道的滤波器378和解码器382。另一方面，一个DSP可用于每个MIBS调制解调器中的每个单独的信道编码器和解码器。
“MIBS”调制解调器中，频率f1&f2最好远离频率f2和f3。MIBS的优点之一是当性能变坏时，干扰减轻以及通过动态改变频率适应横跨多个制造商的蜂窝电话机性能方面的变化的能力。当一个调制解调器正在检测错误时，可发送稳固的低波特率控制信号选择新的频率。
图26表示了两个多信道带内信令(MIBS)调制解调器390和396的一种可能结构。两个IBS信道398和400通过无线通信网络的语音信道从MIBS调制解调器390发出，随后可通过陆线电话网络到达MIBS调制解调器396。图26中所示的两个MIBS调制解调器按照半双工模式工作，其中两个IBS调制解调器之一同时通过第一IBS信道398和第二IBS信道400传送IBS分组。
在第一IBS调制解调器390通过两个IBS信道完成IBS分组的传输392之后，允许第二IBS调制解调器396通过两个IBS信道398和400进行返回调制解调器390的传输394。MIBS调制解调器390在IBS分组之一中发送向MIBS调制解调器396指示传输392被完成的信息。
图27表示了第一IBS信道398专用于传送来自于MIBS调制解调器390的IBS分组，第二IBS信道400专用于传送来自于MIBS调制解调器396的分组的备选结构。从而，MIBS调制解调器390和396都可同时传送和接收分组。这种全双工结构可为某些类型的IBS传输提供更快的通信。
MIBS调制解调器390可通过两个IBS信道398和400传送相同IBS分组的不同部分，或者可通过两个IBS信道交替传送不同的IBS分组。就其它结构而论，一个IBS信道可用于传送IBS分组，第二IBS信道可专用于两个MIBS调制解调器之间的信令和协议通信。就其它备选结构而论，在两个IBS信道中交错来自相同IBS分组的多个部分的二进制位，或者通过这两个IBS信道冗余传送相同的IBS分组。可根据与IBS分组数据相关的应用重构这两个IBS信道中的信息。
重构IBS信道的请求可被编码到IBS分组报头中。例如，MIBS调制解调器390中的IBS信道控制器354(图24)可向MIBS调制解调器396发送在IBS分组前置码73(图5)中包含重构请求的IBS分组。来自调制解调器390的重构请求可请求第一IBS信道398和第二IBS信道400，随后请求把波特率较慢的第三IBS信道401分配给MIBS调制解调器396，用于向调制解调器390回送确认消息。MIBS调制解调器390随后等待来自于调制解调器396的构造请求的确认。
MIBS调制解调器396中的IBS信道控制器384(图25)读取IBS分组前置码中的重构请求。控制器384随后通过MIBS调制解调器396的编码器反向输出确认。编码器把所述确认格式化到应答IBS分组的前置码中，随后调制所述应答IBS分组，并且通过一条或多条当前分配的IBS信道向MIBS调制解调器390回送所述应答IBS分组。调制解调器396中的控制器随后重新配置编码器，以便通过第一和第二IBS信道398和400接收IBS分组，并通过低波特率的第三信道401传送分组。
当在调制解调器390收到来自于调制解调器396的确认时，控制器指令调制解调器390中的编码器和解码器通过第一和第二IBS信道进行传送，并通过低波特率的第三信道进行接收。随后两个调制解调器390和396根据新的信道配置传送和接收IBS分组。
多载波带内信令调制解调器
图28表示了根据本发明另一方面的多载波带内信令调制解调器。图24-27中描述的多信道调制解调器产生两种不同的音频音调，一种音调代表二进制“1”值，另一种音调代表二进制“0”值。在按照时间顺序的音调流中产生这两种音调，以便表现二进制位流。
图28中的多载波IBS调制解调器同时产生多个音频音调，每个音调代表IBS分组的一个四位部分中的一个不同二进制位位置。与这四个位位置之一相关的特定音频音调代表二进制“1”值(或者二进制“0”值)。如果对于特定的位时间(波特)没有产生音频音调，则IBS解码器假定与该位位置相关的二进制位值为“0”。
参见图28，位流被输入数据缓冲器402，以便通过无线通信网络的语音信道传输。分组格式化器404把这些位格式化成IBS分组。IBS分组之一的第一部分包含二进制位“1010”。分组格式化器404把这四位中的每一位分别输入四个调制器406、408、410和412中。这四位中的第一位“1”被称为位B1，第二位“0”被称为位B2，该四位序列的第三位“1”被称为位B3，第四位“0”被称为位B4。
调制器406接收位B1，调制器408接收位B2，调制器410接收位B3，调制412接收位B4。由于位B1是二进制“值”，因此调制器406在第一波特周期内产生频率f1的音调。由于B2位为二进制“0”值，因此对于第一波特周期，调制器408不产生f2音调。据此，调制器410在第一波特周期内产生f3音调，调制器412在第一波特周期内不产生f4音调。除了对于二进制“1”值产生频率音调，对于二进制“0”值不产生任何音调之外，这些调制器的工作方式实质上和图4中的IBS调制器64相同。
f1和f3由加法器414组合在一起。数-模转换器416把数字信号转换成送入蜂窝电话机发射电路418中的模拟信号。发射电路418通过蜂窝电话网络的语音信道传送音频音调。
图29表示了多载波IBS调制解调器的解码器。接收电路420从蜂窝通信网络的语音信道接收IBS音调。A/D转换器422把音频音调转换成数字信号。四个带通滤波器424、426、428和430分别以音调f1、f2、f3和f4的频率为中心。代表二进制位B1的音调通过带通滤波器424，而其它音调，例如音调f3被带通滤波器f1过滤。解码器432按照和图11-13中描述的IBS解码器相似的仅仅对于单个音调的方式确定音调f1。由于解码器432检测到f1音调，因此产生代表四位序列中的位B1的二进制“1”值。
由于解码器434不会检测到任意f2音调，因此产生代表四位序列中的位B2的二进制“0”值。解码器436检测到f3音调，因此产生代表位B3的二进制“1”值。解码器438产生代表位B4的二进制“0”值，因为多载波解码器没有产生任何f4音调。分组装配器440接收这四个二进制位B1-B4，并把它们放入数据缓冲器442中适当的IBS分组位置中。
上面用本发明的优选实施例描述和举例说明了本发明的原理，显然在不脱离本发明的原理的情况下，可在方案和细节方面对本发明进行修改。所有这些修改和变化都在下述权利要求的精神和范围之内。

Claims (33)

1、一种通过数字通信网络的语音信道传送数字数据的系统，包括：
接收数字数据的输入端；
把数字数据转换成音频音调的处理器；和
把音频音调输出给数字传输电路的输出端，所述数字传输电路按照对语音信号编码的相同方式对音频音调编码，并且通过数字通信网络中用于传送语音信号的相同语音信道，传送编码后的音频音调。
2、按照权利要求1所述的系统，包括把数字数据转换成由声卡用于产生音频音调的格式的计算机。
3、按照权利要求2所述的系统，其中计算机把数字数据格式化成分组，所述分组具有使数字传输电路准备好防止代表数字数据的音调的破坏的前置码。
4、按照权利要求3所述的系统，其中输出端使声卡和蜂窝电话机的麦克网输入端耦接，蜂窝电话机提供对音频音调编码，并通过数字通信网络传送音频音调的数字传输电路。
5、按照权利要求4所述的系统，其中音频音调由声卡产生，并被送入蜂窝电话机中同样处理人类语音信号的模-数转换器中。
6、按照权利要求1所述的系统，其中声卡把数字数据中的二进制“1”位转换成具有位于人类语音范围内的第一频率的第一音调，声卡把数字数据中的二进制“0”位转换成具有人类语音范围内的第二频率的第二音调。
7、按照权利要求6所述的系统，其中第一和第二频率均在400-1000Hz之间。
8、按照权利要求1所述的系统，其中输入端与电话线路耦接，处理器对电话线路上的音频音调进行数字化处理。
9、按照权利要求8所述的系统，包括把数字化音频音调转换回二进制位值的计算机。
10、按照权利要求1所述的系统，包括耦接的计算机和与所述计算机耦接的声卡，计算机向蜂窝电话机发送定位请求，声卡把定位请求转换成音频音调，并通过数字通信网络传送所述音频音调，随后声卡对于来自蜂窝电话机的响应监视电话线路，并且对来自蜂窝电话机的代表位置数据的音频音调进行数字化处理，随后计算机把数字化的音频音调转换成数字数据，并在计算机屏幕上显示数字数据。
11、一种同步器，包括：
对第一和第二音频音调采样的输入端；
通过比较第一音频音调的样本和第二音频音调的样本，产生同步值的解调器；和
通过移动第一和第二音频音调的样本的开始时间，直到解调器产生最佳同步值为止，使解调器同步的同步器。
12、按照权利要求11所述的同步器，包括与输入端耦接的、把第一和第二音频音调移动到基带频率的调谐器。
13、按照权利要求11所述的同步器，其中解调器包括：
对第一音频音调的样本求和的第一积分器；
对第二音频音调的样本求和的第二积分器；和
通过比较第一积分器的输出和第二积分器的输出，产生同步值的加法器。
14、按照权利要求13所述的同步器，包括：
耦接在第一积分器和加法器之间的第一检波器；和
耦接在第二积分器和加法器之间的第二检波器。
15、按照权利要求13所述的同步器，包括与加法器耦接的用于产生二进制位值的比较器。
16、按照权利要求11所述的同步器，其中通过数字无线网络的语音信道传送第一和第二音频音调。
17、按照权利要求11所述的同步器，其中解调器比较的第一音调的若干样本和第二音调的若干样本代表为数字数据的一个二进制位产生的第一和第二音调的时间量。
18、按照权利要求11所述的同步器，其中解调器获取样本的运行和，并且比较第一和第二音调的运行和，从而产生二进制“1”值或者二进制“0”值。
19、按照权利要求18所述的同步器，包括通过使二进制“1”值和二进制“0”值和同步模式相关，确定最佳同步值的同步模式相关器。
20、一种通过通信网络的语音信道传送数字数据的多信道带内信令调制解调器，包括：
接收数字数据的输入端；
把数字数据的第一部分中的第一二进制位值转换成具有第一频率的第一音频音调，把数字数据的第一部分中的第二二进制位值转换成具有第二频率的第二音频音调的第一调制器；
把数字数据的第二部分中的第一二进制位值转换成具有第三频率的第三音频音调，把数字数据的第二部分中的第二二进制位值转换成具有第四频率的第四音频音调的第二调制器；和
通过数字无线通信网络的语音信道输出音频音调的输出端。
21、按照权利要求20所述的调制解调器，包括：
监视第一和第二音频音调，并且把检测到的任意第一音频音调转换成第一二进制位值，把检测到的任意第二音频音调转换成第二二进制位值的第一解码器；和
监视第三和第四音频音调，并且把检测到的任意第三音频音调转换成第一二进制位值，把检测到的任意第四音频音调转换成第二二进制位值的第二解码器。
22、按照权利要求21所述的调制解调器，包括控制第一及第二调制器何时产生音频音调和第一及第二解码器何时监视音频音调的控制器。
23、按照权利要求22所述的调制解调器，其中控制器进行与另一多信道带内信令调制解调器的配置对话。
24、按照权利要求22所述的调制解调器，其中控制器控制第一和第二调制器把数字数据中的哪些二进制位转换成音频音调。
25、按照权利要求21所述的调制解调器，包括：
与第一解码器耦接的、过滤位于第一和第二音频音调的频率范围之外的信号的第一滤波器；和
与第二解码器耦接的、过滤位于第三和第四音频音调的频率范围之外的信号的第二滤波器。
26、按照权利要求20所述的调制解调器，其中音频音调被送入蜂窝电话机中处理人类语音信号的相同模-数转换器中。
27、按照权利要求21所述的调制解调器，其中第一及第二调制器和第一及第二解码器都位于蜂窝电话机中。
28、按照权利要求20所述的调制解调器，包括把音频音调转换成模拟信号的数-模转换器，所述模拟信号被输入电话机的音频输入端，随后被电话机中的音频处理电路编码，并通过通信网络的语音信道由所述音频处理电路传送。
29、一种通过通信网络的语音信道传送数字数据的多载波带内信令调制解调器，包括：
接收数字数据的输入端；
分别把数字数据中相关二进制位位置的二进制值转换成不同音频音调的多个调制器；和
通过数字通信网络的语音信道输出音频音调的输出端。
30、按照权利要求29所述的调制解调器，其中对于第一二进制值，所述多个调制器分别产生不同音频音调，对于第二二进制值，所述多个调制器不产生任何音频音调。
31、按照权利要求29所述的调制解调器，包括与所有多个调制器的输出端耦接，同时输出代表所有相关二进制位位置的所有二进制位值的多音调信号的加法器。
32、按照权利要求29所述的调制解调器，包括分别监视多个音频音调中的相关音频音调，并且当检测到相关音频音调时，产生第一二进制位值，当没有检测到相关音频音调时，产生第二二进制位值的多个解码器。
33、按照权利要求32所述的调制解调器，包括与所述多个解码器中的每一个耦接的、过滤位于音频音调中相关音频音调的频率范围之外的信号的带通滤波器。
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