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CN1302891C - Rare earth contained SnAgCuY tin based leadless solder and its preparation method - Google Patents

Rare earth contained SnAgCuY tin based leadless solder and its preparation method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1302891C
CN1302891C CNB2004101012515A CN200410101251A CN1302891C CN 1302891 C CN1302891 C CN 1302891C CN B2004101012515 A CNB2004101012515 A CN B2004101012515A CN 200410101251 A CN200410101251 A CN 200410101251A CN 1302891 C CN1302891 C CN 1302891C
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rare earth
alloy
solder
tin
snagcuy
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CN1621196A (en
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史耀武
郝虎
雷永平
田君
夏志东
李晓延
郭福
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Beijing University of Technology
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Beijing University of Technology
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a rare earth contained SnAgCuy tin-base lead-free solder and a preparation method thereof which belong to the technical field of manufacturing electronic packaging lead-free solder in microelectron industry. The solder has the components, in weight percentages, 2 to 5% of Ag, 0.2 to 1 % of Cu, 0.025 to 1.0 of commercial rare earth Y and Sn in balancing amount. The rare earth contained SnAgCuy tin-base lead-free solder has the preparation method that a salt mixture with the weight ratio of potassium chloride to lithium chloride of (1 to 1.6): (0.8 to 1.2) is melted and poured on Sn; after the Sn is melted, weighed Ag and Cu are added in a Sn solution to make the Ag and Cu melted; then, the commercial rare earth Y is pressed into the salt mixture and the Sn-Ag-Cu alloy by a bell jar of which the wall is provided with holes; and the bell jar is rotated, temperature is preserved for 1 to 2 hours, and the surface salt mixture is removed after agitation, stationary placement and solidification. The solder has the advantages of few alloy components, strong practicability, low cost and no pollution, and the wetting technological property, the microscopic structure and the metallurgy quality are obvious improved.

Description

The SnAgCuY tin base leadless soldering-flux that contains rare earth
Technical field
A kind of SnAgCuY tin base leadless soldering-flux that contains rare earth and preparation method thereof belongs to the assembling of microelectronic industry electronics and uses lead-free brazing manufacturing technology field.
Background technology
Over past ten years, researched and developed out multiple lead-free solder alloy both at home and abroad, patent just relates to hundreds of.The lead-free solder alloy of research mainly concentrates on three temperature sections and several alloy series at present.Wherein, most representative is the middle-temperature section lead-free solder alloy, as Sn-Cu, Sn-Ag, Sn-Zn binary system alloy, and ternary alloy such as Sn-Ag-Cu, Sn-Ag-Bi, Sn-Zn-Bi or multicomponent alloy more.
Basic demand to lead-free brazing should comprise: fusion temperature should be near the SnPb eutectic temperature, and fusion temperature is suitable little at interval; Wetability or soldering processes performance are preferably arranged, and good wetability can reduce weld defect, improve soldering productivity ratio; Good physical and mechanical property as the stability of intensity, creep-resistant property, heating power fatigue resistance, metallography tissue, satisfies the reliability requirement of electronic product; Performances such as good electricity is led, thermal conductance should be arranged in addition; Chemical property is also very important, makes soldered fitting that good corrosion resistance be arranged; Lead-free brazing should not comprise new toxic component; The solder cost is low, in order to applying etc.
From the domestic and international research present situation, most widely used middle-temperature section can realize aborning in a short time unleaded alternative will be Sn-Cu, Sn-Ag binary alloy system and Sn-Ag-Cu ternary alloy system or more multicomponent alloy solder based on this.The Sn-Cu solder will be mainly used in wave-soldering, and the Sn-Ag-Cu brazing filler metal will be mainly used in reflow welding.The Sn-Ag-Cu brazing filler metal alloy species that occurs in the world is a lot of at present, representational SnAgCu is that the patent brazing filler metal alloy has: Sn-(3.5-7.7) Ag-(1-4) Cu-(0-10) Bi[U.S. Pat P5527628], Sn-(2-5) Ag-(0-2.9) Cuu-(0.1-3) Ni[U.S. Pat P 5863493], Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu[Japan Patent JPP 3027441] and Sn-(2-5) Ag-(0.2-1) Cu-(0.025-1) RE[Chinese patent ZL 02123528.7] etc.
United States Patent (USP) 5,527, the eutectic composition Sn-4.7%Ag-1.7%Cu of the SnAgCu solder of 628 reports, its fusing point is 217 ℃, but this invention solder creep strength is not good.In addition, United States Patent (USP) 4,929,423 lead-free brazing Sn-(0.08-20%) Bi-(0.01-1.5%) Ag-(0.02-1.5%) Cu-0.01%P-(0-0.2%) mishmetals that provide be mainly used in the pipeline soldering, and the alloy constituent element are many, and practicality is relatively poor.United States Patent (USP) 6,361,742 have introduced two kinds of SnAg and SnAgCuBi lead-free brazings that add rare earth, but the wetability of SnAg solder is relatively poor, in brazing process, can cause the dissolving of copper matrix, and SnAgCuBi not only the alloy constituent element is many because solder contains Bi, easily produce low melting point eutectic, and rare earth is single rare earth element.Chinese patent 01128184.7 has been introduced a kind of lead-free brazing that contains rare earth that is applicable to Electronic Packaging and assembling and soldering, its middle rare earth is that the mishmetal of La and Ce or La and Ce mishmetal add one among Pr, the Nd or two kind, Sn-(0.1-5%) Ag-(0.1-1%) Cu-(0.1-8%) Bi-(0.1-7.5%) In-(0-8%) Sb-(0.01-2%) rare earth.This patent is pointed out, in order further to reduce fusing point, has added a certain amount of In, Bi element.Yet, along with the quickening of unleaded process, some big companies released one after another unleaded crest welder and unleaded Re-current welder, the peak temperature of its soldering can reach about 250 ℃, therefore, and under these circumstances, the fusing point problem of lead-free brazing no longer is very distinct issues.In addition, contain Bi solder easy generation when soldering and sting end defective, and easily form low melting point eutectic with lead, therefore responsive to lead contamination, and the fragility of Bi also is an adverse factors.In addition, Bi is plumbous byproduct, uses the solder that contains Bi must strengthen exploitation to lead ore, causes the pollution to environment.The abundance of In in the earth's crust is very low, and costs an arm and a leg, and is not suitable for extensive use.Therefore, add some,, obviously do not improve under the prerequisite of The comprehensive performance having, become no longer necessary as In, Bi etc. in order to reduce the element of solder fusing point.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to problems of the prior art, provide a kind of alloy constituent element less, practical, cost is low, be easy to control impurity lead content, wettability is good, has suitable intensity and fusion temperature, and what microscopic structure and metallurgical quality were better than traditional SnAgCu solder contains rare earth SnAgCuY lead-free brazing and preparation method thereof.
The SnAgCuY tin base leadless soldering-flux that contains Rare Earth Y involved in the present invention is characterized in that: contain percentage by weight and be 2~5% Ag, and 0.2~1% Cu, 0.025~0.5% commercially available Rare Earth Y, all the other are Sn.
The invention provides a kind of preparation method who contains the SnAgCuY tin base leadless soldering-flux of Rare Earth Y, it is characterized in that:
(1) by weight with potassium chloride: lithium chloride=(1~1.6): the salt-mixture of (0.8~1.2) is watering on the tin that is weighing up after the fusing down at 450 ℃~550 ℃;
(2) temperature is risen to 600 ℃~800 ℃, treat tin fusing after, load weighted silver, copper are joined in the middle of the tin liquor of fusion, stir, form alloy;
(3) treat its fusing evenly after, commercially available Rare Earth Y is pressed into rapidly in the alloy of above-mentioned fusion with stainless steel bell jar with holes on the wall, rotate bell jar;
(4) treat that rare earth melts fully after, be incubated 1~2 hour, stir, make the alloy homogenising, leave standstill and come out of the stove, solidify the salt-mixture that the surface is removed in the back.
Contain performance after the Rare Earth Y lead-free brazing improves below by the test data of some examples with formal specification the present invention of chart, and compare with the traditional SnAgCu solder that obtains under the same conditions.
Table 1 is 9 kinds of tin base leadless soldering-flux and traditional SnAgCu solder component lists of containing Rare Earth Y, forms in the table all to be weight percentage, and Y represents the rare earth yttrium, gives the liquidus temperature and the solidus temperature of each solder simultaneously.The liquidus curve of solder and solidus temperature record by slow cooling curve.As can be seen from Table 1, example 1~9 of the present invention has close with the SnAgCu lead-free brazing or low slightly fusion temperature scope, and is special under the identical condition of Ag content, add trace rare-earth Y, generally can reduce fusion temperature, as shown in Figure 3, be fit to present unleaded soldering processes condition.
Table 2 is comparisons of example 1~9 of the present invention and traditional SnAgCu lead-free brazing shear strength and spreading area.As can be seen from the table, the shear strength of example 1~9 of the present invention is suitable with traditional SnAgCu solder, makes moderate progress but most embodiment sprawls processing performance, as shown in Figure 4, is applicable to the microelectronic industry surface-assembled.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are respectively the contain tin base leadless soldering-flux of Rare Earth Y and the comparisons of traditional SnAgCu solder microscopic structure of the present invention.As can be seen, the solder microscopic structure of adding Rare Earth Y is tiny, and the crystalline structure that does not add Rare Earth Y is thick, high directivity, fragility are big.This has also disclosed from microcosmic angle and has contained the reason that the Rare Earth Y lead-free brazing can improve the solder metallurgical quality.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1: the SnAgCuY that contains Rare Earth Y does not have the microscopic structure of lead solders.
Fig. 2: traditional SnAgCu does not have the microscopic structure of lead solders.
Fig. 3 Y is to the influence of Sn3.8Ag0.7Cu fusion temperature.
Fig. 4 Y is to the influence of Sn3.8Ag0.7Cu spreading area.
The specific embodiment
Example 1: the potassium chloride and the 20 grams lithium chloride salt-mixtures of 26 grams are watered on 95.475 gram tin after the fusing down at 450 ℃.Furnace temperature is risen to 800 ℃, 3.8 gram Ag and 0.7 gram Cu are joined in the middle of the tin liquor after making the fusing of tin and salt-mixture, constantly stir simultaneously, form alloy; Be pressed into rapidly in the middle of the above-mentioned molten alloy with stainless steel bell jar with holes on the wall Rare Earth Y, and constantly stir, till rare earth melts fully 0.025 gram.Be incubated 1 hour, constantly stir, make the alloy homogenising.Leave standstill and come out of the stove, treat to remove surperficial salt-mixture behind the alloy graining.Furnace temperature is reduced to 360 ℃ the solder piece reheated fusing, stand-by into strips at the angle bar top-pour then.
Example 2: the potassium chloride and the 20 grams lithium chloride salt-mixtures of 26 grams are watered on 95.45 gram tin after the fusing down at 450 ℃.Furnace temperature is risen to 780 ℃, 3.8 gram Ag and 0.7 gram Cu are joined in the middle of the tin liquor after making the fusing of tin and salt-mixture, constantly stir simultaneously, form alloy; Be pressed into rapidly in the middle of the above-mentioned molten alloy with stainless steel bell jar with holes on the wall Rare Earth Y, and constantly stir, till rare earth melts fully 0.05 gram.Be incubated 1.5 hours, constantly stir, make the alloy homogenising.Leave standstill and come out of the stove, treat to remove surperficial salt-mixture behind the alloy graining.Furnace temperature is reduced to 380 ℃ the solder piece reheated fusing, stand-by into strips at the angle bar top-pour then.
Example 3: the potassium chloride and the 18 grams lithium chloride salt-mixtures of 23.4 grams are watered on 95.4 gram tin after the fusing down at 490 ℃.Furnace temperature is risen to 700 ℃, 3.8 gram Ag and 0.7 gram Cu are joined in the middle of the tin liquor after making the fusing of tin and salt-mixture, constantly stir simultaneously, form alloy; Be pressed into rapidly in the middle of the above-mentioned molten alloy with stainless steel bell jar with holes on the wall Rare Earth Y, and constantly stir, till rare earth melts fully 0.1 gram.Be incubated 1 hour, constantly stir, make the alloy homogenising.Leave standstill and come out of the stove, treat to remove surperficial salt-mixture behind the alloy graining.Furnace temperature is reduced to 360 ℃ the solder piece reheated fusing, stand-by into strips at the angle bar top-pour then.
Example 4: the potassium chloride and the 20 grams lithium chloride salt-mixtures of 26 grams are watered on 95.25 gram tin after the fusing down at 510 ℃.Furnace temperature is risen to 720 ℃, 3.8 gram Ag and 0.7 gram Cu are joined in the middle of the tin liquor after making the fusing of tin and salt-mixture, constantly stir simultaneously, form alloy; Be pressed into rapidly in the middle of the above-mentioned molten alloy with stainless steel bell jar with holes on the wall Rare Earth Y, and constantly stir, till rare earth melts fully 0.25 gram.Be incubated 2 hours, constantly stir, make the alloy homogenising.Leave standstill and come out of the stove, treat to remove surperficial salt-mixture behind the alloy graining.Furnace temperature is reduced to 400 ℃ the solder piece reheated fusing, stand-by into strips at the angle bar top-pour then.
Example 5: the potassium chloride and the 25 grams lithium chloride salt-mixtures of 32.5 grams are watered on 95 gram tin after the fusing down at 500 ℃.Furnace temperature is risen to 720 ℃, 3.8 gram Ag and 0.7 gram Cu are joined in the middle of the tin liquor after making the fusing of tin and salt-mixture, constantly stir simultaneously, form alloy; Be pressed into rapidly in the middle of the above-mentioned molten alloy with stainless steel bell jar with holes on the wall Rare Earth Y, and constantly stir, till rare earth melts fully 0.5 gram.Be incubated 1.5 hours, constantly stir, make the alloy homogenising.Leave standstill and come out of the stove, treat to remove surperficial salt-mixture behind the alloy graining.Furnace temperature is reduced to 380 ℃ the solder piece reheated fusing, stand-by into strips at the angle bar top-pour then.
Example 6: the potassium chloride and the 20 grams lithium chloride salt-mixtures of 26 grams are watered on 97.775 gram tin after the fusing down at 460 ℃.Furnace temperature is risen to 800 ℃, 2 gram Ag and 0.2 gram Cu are joined in the middle of the tin liquor after making the fusing of tin and salt-mixture, constantly stir simultaneously, form alloy; Be pressed into rapidly in the middle of the above-mentioned molten alloy with stainless steel bell jar with holes on the wall Rare Earth Y, and constantly stir, till rare earth melts fully 0.025 gram.Be incubated 2 hours, constantly stir, make the alloy homogenising.Leave standstill and come out of the stove, treat to remove surperficial salt-mixture behind the alloy graining.Furnace temperature is reduced to 400 ℃ the solder piece reheated fusing, stand-by into strips at the angle bar top-pour then.
Example 7: the potassium chloride and the 20 grams lithium chloride salt-mixtures of 26 grams are watered on 96 gram tin after the fusing down at 550 ℃.Furnace temperature is risen to 600 ℃, 2 gram Ag and 1 gram Cu are joined in the middle of the tin liquor after making the fusing of tin and salt-mixture, constantly stir simultaneously, form alloy; Be pressed into rapidly in the middle of the above-mentioned molten alloy with stainless steel bell jar with holes on the wall Rare Earth Y, and constantly stir, till rare earth melts fully 1 gram.Be incubated 2 hours, constantly stir, make the alloy homogenising.Leave standstill and come out of the stove, treat to remove surperficial salt-mixture behind the alloy graining.Furnace temperature is reduced to 400 ℃ the solder piece reheated fusing, stand-by into strips at the angle bar top-pour then.
Example 8: the potassium chloride and the 20 grams lithium chloride salt-mixtures of 26 grams are watered on 94.775 gram tin after the fusing down at 460 ℃.Furnace temperature is risen to 800 ℃, 5 gram Ag and 0.2 gram Cu are joined in the middle of the tin liquor after making the fusing of tin and salt-mixture, constantly stir simultaneously, form alloy; Be pressed into rapidly in the middle of the above-mentioned molten alloy with stainless steel bell jar with holes on the wall Rare Earth Y, and constantly stir, till rare earth melts fully 0.025 gram.Be incubated 2 hours, constantly stir, make the alloy homogenising.Leave standstill and come out of the stove, treat to remove surperficial salt-mixture behind the alloy graining.Furnace temperature is reduced to 400 ℃ the solder piece reheated fusing, stand-by into strips at the angle bar top-pour then.
Example 9: the potassium chloride and the 20 grams lithium chloride salt-mixtures of 26 grams are watered on 93 gram tin after the fusing down at 460 ℃.Furnace temperature is risen to 800 ℃, 5 gram Ag and 1 gram Cu are joined in the middle of the tin liquor after making the fusing of tin and salt-mixture, constantly stir simultaneously, form alloy; Be pressed into rapidly in the middle of the above-mentioned molten alloy with stainless steel bell jar with holes on the wall Rare Earth Y, and constantly stir, till rare earth melts fully 1 gram.Be incubated 2 hours, constantly stir, make the alloy homogenising.Leave standstill and come out of the stove, treat to remove surperficial salt-mixture behind the alloy graining.Furnace temperature is reduced to 400 ℃ the solder piece reheated fusing, stand-by into strips at the angle bar top-pour then.
Table 1 brazing filler metal alloy composition and fusion temperature
Example Sn(wt%) Ag(wt%) Cu(wt%) Y(wt%) Liquidus temperature (℃) Solidus temperature (℃)
Comparative Examples 95.5 3.8 0.7 0 217.1 215.6
Embodiment 1 95.475 3.8 0.7 0.025 217.1 213.9
Embodiment 2 95.45 3.8 0.7 0.05 217.3 212.2
Embodiment 3 95.4 3.8 0.7 0.1 216.7 210.4
Embodiment 4 95.25 3.8 0.7 0.25 215.6 207.8
Embodiment 5 95 3.8 0.7 0.5 216.9 215.6
Embodiment 6 97.775 2 0.2 0.025 225.1 215.6
Embodiment 7 96 2 1.0 0.5 219.9 213.0
Embodiment 8 94.775 5 0.2 0.025 220.8 214.7
Embodiment 9 93 5 1.0 0.5 216.0 213.0
Table 2 shear strength and spreading area
Example Shear strength (MPa) Spreading area (mm 2)
Comparative Examples 67.2 57.7
Embodiment 1 68.0 58.9
Embodiment 2 62.9 59.7
Embodiment 3 63.8 59.1
Embodiment 4 67.3 60.8
Embodiment 5 65.5 58.8
Embodiment 6 65.5 57.5
Embodiment 7 51.9 55.9
Embodiment 8 43.4 60.0
Embodiment 9 64.6 55.8

Claims (1)

1、一种含稀土的SnAgCuY锡基无铅钎料,其特征是:含有重量百分比为2~5%的Ag,0.2~1%的Cu,0.025~0.5%的市售稀土Y,其余为Sn。1. A rare earth-containing SnAgCuY tin-based lead-free solder, characterized in that it contains 2 to 5% Ag by weight, 0.2 to 1% Cu, 0.025 to 0.5% commercially available rare earth Y, and the rest is Sn .
CNB2004101012515A 2004-12-17 2004-12-17 Rare earth contained SnAgCuY tin based leadless solder and its preparation method Expired - Fee Related CN1302891C (en)

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Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9260768B2 (en) 2005-12-13 2016-02-16 Indium Corporation Lead-free solder alloys and solder joints thereof with improved drop impact resistance
US9175368B2 (en) 2005-12-13 2015-11-03 Indium Corporation MN doped SN-base solder alloy and solder joints thereof with superior drop shock reliability
CN100409996C (en) * 2006-08-28 2008-08-13 北京航空航天大学 An oxidation-resistant tin-based lead-free solder capable of flux-free soldering in air
CN105033497A (en) * 2015-08-07 2015-11-11 仲恺农业工程学院 Sn-Ag-Ti-Ce low-temperature active solder
CN118046134A (en) * 2024-04-02 2024-05-17 深圳市慧苗科技有限公司 Lead-free soldering tin bar and manufacturing process thereof

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001321982A (en) * 2000-05-18 2001-11-20 Hitachi Ltd Sn-Ag-Cu BASE SOLDER FOR ELECTRONIC APPARATUS
CN1152768C (en) * 2002-07-02 2004-06-09 北京工业大学 High creep resistance rareearth contained tin base leadless soldering-flux and preparation method thereof
US20040217152A1 (en) * 2000-08-22 2004-11-04 Senju Metal Industry Co., Ltd. Lead-free solder paste for reflow soldering
CN1544197A (en) * 2003-11-21 2004-11-10 北京工业大学 Low silver lead-free solder
JP2004330260A (en) * 2003-05-09 2004-11-25 Topy Ind Ltd LEAD-FREE SnAgCu SOLDER ALLOY

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001321982A (en) * 2000-05-18 2001-11-20 Hitachi Ltd Sn-Ag-Cu BASE SOLDER FOR ELECTRONIC APPARATUS
US20040217152A1 (en) * 2000-08-22 2004-11-04 Senju Metal Industry Co., Ltd. Lead-free solder paste for reflow soldering
CN1152768C (en) * 2002-07-02 2004-06-09 北京工业大学 High creep resistance rareearth contained tin base leadless soldering-flux and preparation method thereof
JP2004330260A (en) * 2003-05-09 2004-11-25 Topy Ind Ltd LEAD-FREE SnAgCu SOLDER ALLOY
CN1544197A (en) * 2003-11-21 2004-11-10 北京工业大学 Low silver lead-free solder

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