CN1395479A - 用于假足的足嵌入件 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于假足的弹性的足嵌入件。根据本发明,该足嵌入件由至少两个相互连接的弹簧(1,2)组成,这些弹簧在无负载状态下在侧视图中共同围成一个大致呈三角形的单弹簧腔(3),其中,上面的大致呈顶状构成的弹簧(1)在顶尖区域中具有一个转接接头(4),并且从这里开始具有一个凹形向下弯曲、一直延伸到足跟区域(5)的足跟支腿(后面的“足跟弹簧6”)和一个凹形向下弯曲、一直延伸到前足区域(7)的前足支腿(后面的“前足弹簧8”),两个支腿的自由支腿端部(6a,8a)与一个单独的、向下限定单弹簧腔(3)的边界的基底弹簧(2)连接。
Description
本发明涉及一种用于假足的弹性的足嵌入件。
例如在DE 4037928 A1和EP 0648479 A1中公开了一种具有一个承受和传递假肢负载的弹性足嵌入件的无关节假肢足。美国专利文件4959073、5549711和5800570,EP 0884033 A2以及DE 29820904 U1也描述了弹性的足嵌入件。
本发明的任务在于,开发一种用于假肢足的弹簧弹性的足嵌入件,它具有渐进的踝骨力矩变化曲线,起到储存能量的作用并允许弹性的ML(Medial/Lateral中间/侧向)运动。
根据本发明,该任务通过一种用于假足的弹簧弹性的足嵌入件解决,其由至少两个相互连接的弹簧组成,这些弹簧在无负载状态下在侧视图中看共同围成一个大致呈三角形的单弹簧腔(Einfederraum),其中,上面的大致呈顶状构成的弹簧在顶尖区域内具有一个转接接头,并且从这里出发具有一个凹形向下弯曲、一直延伸到足跟区域的足跟支腿(后面的“足跟弹簧”)和一个凹形向下弯曲、一直延伸到前足区域的前足支腿(后面的“前足弹簧”),两个支腿的自由支腿端部与一个单独的、向下限定该单弹簧腔的边界的抗弯基底弹簧连接,该基底弹簧与一个滚动轮廓这样配合作用,使得在滚动过程中,在前足开始承受负载时力首先被导入拇指球区域内,其中前足弹簧和基底弹簧在形状和弯曲弹性方面被设计成这样,使得在一个逐渐增大的负载作用于前足区域中的情况下,在该区域中前足弹簧与基底弹簧通过各自的弯曲而逐渐相互贴合。
在此,根据本发明,该足嵌入件的优点在于,前足弹簧和基底弹簧在形状和弹性方面被这样设计,使得在前足区域负载逐渐增大的情况下,在该区域中可以达到前足弹簧与基底弹簧相互逐渐贴合。前足弹簧通过这样逐渐贴合到基底弹簧上而使得形成一个渐进的踝骨力矩曲线。在此,在前足开始承受负载时,力首先被导入拇指球区域中,由此,基底弹簧被支承在足跟弹簧和前足弹簧之间并且承受一种三点弯曲。这样,前足弹簧与基底弹簧的抗弯刚度存在串联连接(对此也可参看图6的描述)。在步伐的接下来的过程中,足发生滚动并且直接使前足弹簧承受逐渐增大的负载。基底弹簧在此辅助地支持前足弹簧中的力矩并且此时在相反的方向上弯曲。这些抗弯刚度存在并联连接(对此也可参看图7的描述)。因此,前足的负载过程受到刚度逐渐增强或弹簧特性步进变化的影响。
假肢足与地面或鞋的接触点确定力的导入位置。这对足的生物力学有影响,但也控制足的机械结构的负载。因为足在直立阶段中经受一个角运动,所以可以通过一个合适的滚动几何形状来控制力的导入点。在此,该几何形状是与基底弹簧整体成形(例如见图4)还是被安置在基底弹簧上(见图5)或者是包在周围的装饰护套的一个压制部分(见图1),是不重要的。在所有这些情况下,基底弹簧在底面与一个滚动轮廓配合作用,该滚动轮廓从足尖区域到拇指球向下突起,然后又向上凹回并在足跟区域中向下隆起状成形出。
此外,使前足弹簧的前面的自由支腿端部与基底弹簧的前端部连接,并且使足跟弹簧的后面的自由支腿端部与基底弹簧的后端部接连,这对于所追求的效果来说是符合目的的。
通过使用具有不同刚度的基底弹簧,可以有目的地改变足的特性。为此,基底弹簧与上方弹簧的两个支腿端部之间的连接可拆卸地构成。
通过减小前足弹簧的抗扭刚度可以产生ML运动。这可以这样实现,即:前足弹簧具有一个在它的纵向上延伸的纵长凹部,或者这样实现,即:前足弹簧在它的纵向上被分成两个分弹簧。由此也可以实现对足内侧和外侧的不同的渐进特性的调整。ML旋转运动的瞬间支点以具有生理学意义的方式位于地平面上方,而绕腿纵轴线的旋转运动是几乎不可能的。
这些弹簧中的至少一个最好用一种聚合材料制成,符合目的的是,这种聚合材料是一种纤维复合材料。如果这些弹簧单个地构成,特别是如果转接器的构件是这些弹簧中的一个的组成部分,则借助纤维复合材料可以较有利地将力导入到弹簧中。因此,对此符合目的的是,前足弹簧与足跟弹簧形成单独的构件,它们在转接接头的区域中相互连接。在此还有利的是,至少转接接头的半球座是前足弹簧的与其成一整体的组成部分。在此,如果前足弹簧在其转接接头的区域中支承在足跟弹簧的上方支腿端部上,则得到一种在力传递方面特别有利的结构。
如果该弹簧弹性的足嵌入件要用于截肢高度很低的情况下,特别是用于踝关节中关节脱离接合的情况下(对此也参看图9的描述),则如果转接接头被定位在自然足的踝骨区域的前面并且具有一个与基底弹簧围成一个锐角的接合面,是符合目的的。由此,假肢杆下面的空间可以起到单弹簧腔的作用,其用于足跟支腿。在这样固定时,在转接器上足跟负荷与前足负荷之间的力矩比在踝骨区域中固定更加均衡和更小。这样,更简单地达到了必需的结构强度。
在附图中示意给出几个本发明实施形式作为例子。图中所示为:
图1 以纵向剖面图示出一个假足,其包括一个弹簧弹性的足嵌入件,该足嵌入件被一个装饰护套包围;
图2 以立体图示出一个弹簧弹性的足嵌入件;
图3 以俯视图示出一个弹簧弹性的足嵌入件;
图4 以侧视图示出一个弹簧弹性的足嵌入件,其具有一个弯曲成滚动轮廓形状的基底弹簧;
图5 以图4的视图形式示出一个弹簧弹性的足嵌入件,其具有一个安置有滚动轮廓的直的基底弹簧;
图6 图5所示的弹性足嵌入件在其前足开始负载时的情况;
图7 图5所示的弹性足嵌入件,具有直接承载的前足弹簧;
图8 具有单独构成的前足弹簧和足跟弹簧的一个弹簧弹性足嵌入件;
图9 用于低截肢高度的一个弹簧弹性足嵌入件。
图1示出一个用于假足的弹簧弹性的足嵌入件。在此,该足嵌入件包括一个位于上面的呈顶状构成的弹簧1,该弹簧与一个位于下面的基底弹簧2一起围成一个大致呈三角形的单弹簧腔3。上面的弹簧1在其顶尖区域内具有一个转接接头4,从该转接接头出发,向后有一个凹形向下弯曲、一直延伸到足跟区域5的足跟弹簧6,向前有一个凹形向下弯曲、一直延伸到前足区域7的前足弹簧8。在此,前足弹簧8的前面的自由支腿端部8a与基底弹簧2的前端部2a连接,而足跟弹簧6的后面的自由支腿端部6a与基底弹簧2的后端部2b连接。上方弹簧1和基底弹簧2之间的连接可以作为可拆卸开的连接9、10构成,如从图1中可看到的那样。这样,基底弹簧2就是可拆卸的。
在图1-8所示的实施形式中,转接接头4分别大致位于自然足的踝骨区域中并且具有一个位置大致平行于基底弹簧2的接合面11。转接接头4包括一个半球座12和一个截头棱锥体13,该截头棱锥体以其尖部位于半球座12上。
此外,从图1中可知,弹簧弹性的足嵌入件被一个装饰护套14包围。
按照图2和图3,前足8具有一个在其纵向上延伸的纵长的凹部15。
按照图1,基本上直线延伸的基底弹簧2与由装饰护套14下侧面形成的滚动轮廓16配合作用,该滚动轮廓从假足足尖区域17到拇指球区域18向下突起,然后又向上凹回,并且在足跟区域5中向下隆起状成形出。
在图4所示的实施形式中,基底弹簧2直接弯曲成滚动轮廓16的形状。在图5所示的变化了的实施形式中,滚动轮廓16被附加在在纵向上大致呈直线延伸的基底弹簧2的下侧面上。
在图1-7和9所示的实施形式中,足嵌入件的上面的弹簧1一件式构成;转接接头4形成该一件式的上方弹簧1的一个与其成一整体的组成部分。
在图8所示的变化了的实施形式中,足跟弹簧6和前足弹簧8形成独立的构件,它们在转接接头4的区域中相互连接。在此,转接接头4形成独立构成的前足弹簧8的一个与其成一整体的组成部分,该前足弹簧8在转接接头4的区域中支撑在足跟弹簧6的向下弯曲的上方支腿端部6b上,该足跟弹簧6近似C形地构成。
图9示出一个弹簧弹性的足嵌入件,其被设计用于在截肢高度很低的情况下,特别是在假肢使用者的踝关节中关节脱离接合的情况下。在这里,相对于图1-8所示的实施形式,转接接头4被定位在自然足的踝骨区域的前面,并且具有一个与基底弹簧2围成一个锐角α的接合面11。在此转接接头还包含一个半球座12,它可以使由点划线所表示的杆19实现有限的角度调整。这种结构产生一个大的足跟行程20。
Claims (22)
1.用于假足的弹簧弹性的足嵌入件,包括至少两个相互连接的弹簧(1,2),这些弹簧在无负载状态下在侧视图中共同围成一个大致呈三角形的单弹簧腔(3),其中,上面的、大致呈顶状构成的弹簧(1)在顶尖区域中具有一个转接接头(4),并且从这里出发具有一个凹形向下弯曲、一直延伸到足跟区域(5)的足跟支腿(后面的“足跟弹簧6”)以及一个凹形向下弯曲、一直延伸到前足区域(7)的前足支腿(后面的“前足弹簧8”),两个支腿的自由支腿端部(6a,8a)与一个单独的、向下限定单弹簧腔(3)的边界的抗弯基底弹簧(2)连接,该基底弹簧与一个滚动轮廓(16)这样配合作用,使得在滚动过程中,在前足开始承受负载时力首先被导入拇指球区域中,其中,前足弹簧(8)和基底弹簧(2)在形状和弯曲弹性方面被这样设计,使得在一个逐渐增大的负载作用于前足区域中的情况下,在该区域中前足弹簧和基底弹簧(8,2)通过各自的弯曲逐渐相互贴合。
2.根据权利要求1所述的足嵌入件,其特征在于:前足弹簧(8)的前面的自由支腿端部(8a)与基底弹簧(2)的前端部(2a)连接。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的足嵌入件,其特征在于:足跟弹簧(6)的后面的自由支腿端部(6a)与基底弹簧(2)的后端部(2b)连接。
4.根据权利要求1,2或3所述的足嵌入件,其特征在于:基底弹簧(2)与上面的弹簧(1)的两个支腿端部(6a,8a)之间的连接(9,10)可拆卸地构成。(图1)
5.根据前述权利要求之一所述的足嵌入件,其特征在于:前足弹簧(8)具有一个在其纵向上延伸的纵长的凹部(15)。(图2和3)
6.根据权利要求1至4之一所述的足嵌入件,其特征在于:前足弹簧(8)在其纵向上被分成两个分弹簧。
7.根据前述权利要求之一所述的足嵌入件,其特征在于:转接接头(4)被大致定位于自然足的踝骨区域中并且具有一个位置大致平行于基底弹簧(2)的接合面(11)。
8.根据权利要求1至6之一所述的足嵌入件,其特征在于:转接接头(4)被定位于自然足的踝骨区域的前面并且具有一个与基底弹簧(2)围成一个锐角(α)的接合面(11)。(图9)
9.根据前述权利要求之一所述的足嵌入件,其特征在于:转接接头(4)是上面的弹簧(1)的一个与其成一整体的组成部分。
10.根据权利要求9所述的足嵌入件,其特征在于:转接接头(4)包括一个半球座(12)。
11.根据权利要求10所述的足嵌入件,其特征在于:转接接头(4)包括一个截头棱锥体(13)。
12.根据前述权利要求之一所述的足嵌入件,其特征在于:前足弹簧(8)与足跟弹簧(6)形成单独的构件,它们在转接接头(4)的区域中相互连接。(图8)
13.根据权利要求10或12所述的足嵌入件,其特征在于:至少转接接头(4)的半球座(12)是前足弹簧(8)的与其成一整体的组成部分。
14.根据权利要求13所述的足嵌入件,其特征在于:前足弹簧(8)在其转接接头(4)的区域中支承在足跟弹簧(6)的上方支腿端部(6b)上。(图8)
15.根据前述权利要求之一所述的足嵌入件,其特征在于:这些弹簧(2,6,8)中的至少一个用聚合材料制成。
16.根据权利要求15所述的足嵌入件,其特征在于:该聚合材料是一种纤维复合材料。
17.根据前述权利要求之一所述的足嵌入件,其特征在于:基底弹簧(2)在下侧面与一个滚动轮廓(16)配合作用,该滚动轮廓从足尖区域(17)到拇指球区域(18)向下突起,然后又向上凹回。
18.根据权利要求17所述的足嵌入件,其特征在于:滚动轮廓(16)在足跟区域(5)中向下隆起状成形出。
19.根据权利要求17或18所述的足嵌入件,其特征在于:基底弹簧(2)被弯曲成滚动轮廓(16)的形状。(图4)
20.根据权利要求17或18所述的足嵌入件,其特征在于:滚动轮廓(16)被安置于在纵向上大致直线延伸的基底弹簧(2)的下侧面上。
21.根据权利要求17或18所述的足嵌入件,其特征在于:滚动轮廓(16)由包围足嵌入件(1,2)的一个装饰护套(14)的下侧面形成。(图1)
22.根据前述权利要求之一所述的足嵌入件,其特征在于:足跟弹簧(6)具有一种这样的形状,使得从足跟着地直至进入中间的直立状态,旋转运动的瞬间支点位于自然踝骨关节的区域中。
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DE10049714A DE10049714B4 (de) | 2000-10-07 | 2000-10-07 | Fußeinsatz für einen Kunstfuß |
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EP (1) | EP1322265B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1195462C (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE318560T1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2001281723A1 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR0107295A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2392113C (zh) |
DE (2) | DE10049714B4 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2254462T3 (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2257181C2 (zh) |
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-
2000
- 2000-10-07 DE DE10049714A patent/DE10049714B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2001
- 2001-08-08 WO PCT/DE2001/003035 patent/WO2002030340A2/de active IP Right Grant
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- 2001-08-08 AT AT01960159T patent/ATE318560T1/de active
- 2001-08-08 BR BR0107295-1A patent/BR0107295A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-08-08 CN CN01802985.XA patent/CN1195462C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-08-08 EP EP01960159A patent/EP1322265B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
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US8317876B2 (en) | 2005-12-22 | 2012-11-27 | Otto Bock Healthcare Gmbh | Artificial foot |
CN101346108B (zh) * | 2005-12-22 | 2012-04-18 | 奥托·博克保健有限公司 | 义脚 |
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CN106232324A (zh) * | 2014-05-07 | 2016-12-14 | 奥托·博克保健有限公司 | 连接矫形外科技术组件至少两个结构构件的方法和具有至少两个结构构件的矫形外科技术组件 |
CN106232324B (zh) * | 2014-05-07 | 2019-03-08 | 奥托·博克保健有限公司 | 连接矫形外科技术组件至少两个结构构件的方法和具有至少两个结构构件的矫形外科技术组件 |
US12004970B2 (en) | 2014-05-07 | 2024-06-11 | Ottobock Se & Co. Kgaa | Orthopedic component having at least two structural parts connected by an orienting device and adhesive |
CN106456340A (zh) * | 2014-05-09 | 2017-02-22 | 奥托·博克保健有限公司 | 假肢脚 |
CN106456340B (zh) * | 2014-05-09 | 2021-01-12 | 奥托·博克保健有限公司 | 假肢脚 |
US11039941B2 (en) | 2014-05-09 | 2021-06-22 | Ottobock Se & Co. Kgaa | Prosthetic foot |
CN110430841A (zh) * | 2017-03-17 | 2019-11-08 | Pm工程设计公司 | 一种包括缓冲元件的足假肢 |
CN110430841B (zh) * | 2017-03-17 | 2022-12-20 | Pm工程设计公司 | 一种包括缓冲元件的足假肢 |
WO2022022191A1 (zh) * | 2020-07-29 | 2022-02-03 | 吉林大学 | 基于人体横弓和液压传动的变刚度假肢脚板 |
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BR0107295A (pt) | 2002-08-13 |
WO2002030340A3 (de) | 2002-09-12 |
DE10049714B4 (de) | 2004-11-11 |
CA2392113A1 (en) | 2002-04-18 |
AU2001281723A1 (en) | 2002-04-22 |
DE10049714A1 (de) | 2002-04-25 |
WO2002030340A2 (de) | 2002-04-18 |
EP1322265A2 (de) | 2003-07-02 |
ATE318560T1 (de) | 2006-03-15 |
DE50109085D1 (de) | 2006-04-27 |
CN1195462C (zh) | 2005-04-06 |
RU2002115067A (ru) | 2004-01-20 |
ES2254462T3 (es) | 2006-06-16 |
US6669737B2 (en) | 2003-12-30 |
US20030045944A1 (en) | 2003-03-06 |
RU2257181C2 (ru) | 2005-07-27 |
EP1322265B1 (de) | 2006-03-01 |
CA2392113C (en) | 2008-12-23 |
TW576739B (en) | 2004-02-21 |
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