CN1226607C - Computer observing and controlling systems for microhardometer - Google Patents
Computer observing and controlling systems for microhardometer Download PDFInfo
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- CN1226607C CN1226607C CN 02157937 CN02157937A CN1226607C CN 1226607 C CN1226607 C CN 1226607C CN 02157937 CN02157937 CN 02157937 CN 02157937 A CN02157937 A CN 02157937A CN 1226607 C CN1226607 C CN 1226607C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a computer testing and controlling system for a microhardometer. The testing and controlling system is composed of a microhardometer, a sample automatic station, a computer image connection card, an I/O control card and a computer, wherein a shooting interface or a camera interface of the microhardometer is connected and assembled with a CCD camera, the video output of the camera is connected with the input interface of a video collection card of a computer through a video signal cable, and the video collection card is inserted into a PCI insertion groove of the computer; the computer controls and outputs a control box so as to drive the sample automatic station to operate through the I/O card in the PCI insertion groove. The system has the advantages of time saving and labor saving. Images are conveyed and amplified, testers can see the boundary of pressing traces of samples easily, and therefore, the measurement precision of the dimensions of the pressing traces is improved obviously. The testing and controlling are implemented by the computer, and therefore, the present invention has high efficiency. The sample automatic station for testing adopts a precise mobile device, so the station runs stably and accurately which ensures the precision of the testing.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the analytical and testing instrument in the industry automatic control, relate in particular to a kind of microhardness testers computer measurement and control system.
Background technology
Vickers hardness test is the positive rectangular pyramid diamond penetrator that utilizes hand-deliver angle 136, adds certain test load, forms impression at specimen surface, utilizes the impression catercorner length to calculate the area of impression, calculates hardness number with following formula again:
HV＝0.102F/S＝0.102(2FSinθ/2)/d
2＝0.189F/d
2
Here, HV: Vickers hardness
F: test load (N)
S: the surface area (mm of impression
2)
D: the average catercorner length (mm) of impression
θ: the plane angle of cut () of adamas rectangular pyramid pressure head
Annotate: if the test unit of force is Kgf, Vickers hardness is calculated with following formula
HV＝1.854F/S
Micro-vickers hardness then is the material hardness that finger to finger test is adopted small load and measured by microscopic examination, and it is applicable to material sample tiny, as thin as a wafer, and nitrogenize, carburizing, the test specimen of sprayed surface processing and the skin hardness test of various coating.The be not put to the test influence of power size of Vickers hardness, to arbitrary homogeneous material, the hardness number that different loads is measured is basic identical.Therefore, the dimensional microstructure coomb's test Coomb has been widely used aspect the part product quality test control in material science research field and mechanotronic.But, micro-vickers hardness is than other hardness test inefficiency, need operation manually, 15 millimeters of common micro Vickers range estimation lens barrels, the hairspring of operation milscale is measured 10～40 microns impression catercorner length, the range estimation error is big, and eyes are tired easily, and observes the result who measures and need manually calculate.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind ofly measure accurately, measuring accuracy, efficient and the high microhardness testers computer measurement and control system of stability.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following design proposal: a kind of microhardness testers computer measurement and control system, it is by microhardness testers, the sample automatic station, the computer video capture card, I/O control card and computing machine constitute, tipping CCD camera on the photograph of microhardness testers or camera interface, the input port of computer video capture card is received in the video output of camera by video signal cable, this video frequency collection card is plugged on the PCI slot of computing machine, and computer control output snaps in order to drive the control box of sample automatic station work by the 1/O on the PCI slot.
Advantage of the present invention is:
1, save time, laborsaving, can substitute tradition range estimation microexamination and measure, manually calculate and the scleroscopic work of manual operation, reach quick and precisely and measure, reduce labour intensity.
2, since image through transmit amplifying, the easier border of seeing the sample impression clearly of tester, thereby the image measurement precision significantly improves, and by computer-implemented observing and controlling, efficient is high.
3, the test sample platform adopts accurate mobile device, advances steadily, walks accurately, thereby has guaranteed the accuracy of test.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 constitutes structural representation for the present invention
Fig. 2 is a sample automatic station structural representation of the present invention
Fig. 3 is a sample automatic station STRUCTURE DECOMPOSITION synoptic diagram of the present invention
Fig. 4 is the built-in ball skateboard synoptic diagram of sample automatic station guide rail
Fig. 5 opens into the signal port circuit diagram for computer control
Fig. 6 leaves the signal port circuit diagram for computer control
Fig. 7 is the computer control system flow chart
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, microhardness testers computer measurement and control system of the present invention mainly is made up of microhardness testers 4, CCD camera 2, automatic sample platform 1 and control box 3, video frequency collection card (image card) 5, computer control I/O plate 6, computing machine 7, printer 8.
Described microhardness testers can adopt existing micro-hardness testing device, microhardness testers as the HT-100 model, its function and purpose are to the laboratory sample imposed load, by the impression on the camera lens observation sample, so the microhardness testers agent structure mainly contains the optical lens of the pressure head of placing example platform (being the automatic sample platform), imposed load and counterweight, observation impression.
The routine measurement of microhardness testers all is useful on the eyepiece of observing and measuring usually.The sclerometer inner optical system sends sample topography and impression to observe and test eyepiece, and this image can be sent to photograph or shooting mouth by one group of prism.
Tipping CCD camera on the photograph of microhardness testers and camera interface can be hinged with the camera of multiple model as required.Resolution is high more, and then the image adopted of computing machine is clear more.Choose the above camera of 300 lines and just can obtain better effects.
Described automatic sample platform has adopted special X-Y automatic sample platform, its structure is with reference to Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3, described X-Y automatic sample platform 1 by last, middle level moving metal platform 101 ', 102 ' and lower floor location metal platform 103 ' constitute, each metal table top by be in contact with one another the end face that slides be formed with the V-way 2 that moves mutually for upper and lower two table tops ', this V-way can make the mutual sliding contact surface minimum of upper and lower two table tops, the suffered friction force that guarantees to slide is less, is beneficial to smooth sliding; Go up with the middle level table top between guide rail with in the lower floor table top between guide rail that direction is set is vertical mutually.By synoptic diagram as seen, metal platform 101 ' with metal platform 102 ' can relatively move in the Y direction along guide rail, metal platform 102 ' with metal platform 103 ' relatively move at directions X.Be provided with between the following table on each for two springs 4 of return ', 5 ', to guarantee that sample stage is subjected to certain pulling force in moving range, reduce into hysterisis error, maintenance operates steadily, it is provided with the position can be located at the appropriate position between two table tops (position shown in Fig. 3 is signal just, not limited by this) up and down as required.The promotion of sample stage is finished by stepper motor and screw mandrel; the appropriate position of each table top side limit bit switch 6 '; when moving displacement exceeded the stroke of sample stage, limit switch cut off step motor drive module primary power, can effectively protect the stepper motor nonoverload.
As shown in Figure 4, be equipped with between V-type rail between each metal table top ball slide plate 3 ', it be on a slide plate that is suitable for settling in the V-type rail, offer a round 301 ', settle in the hole ball 302 ', like this, ball relies on the slide plate location, can overcome the defective in the prior art (jam easily takes place during rolling single row's ball each other), upper and lower two table tops rely on ball to slide, reduce the friction force of each slipping plane, guaranteed that sample stage moves steadily.
X-Y two direction motors are controlled by control box 3, computing machine sends instruction and snaps into sample automatic station control box by the 1/O on the PCI slot, two power amplifier modules is installed, with OV in the control box, but the Computer signal of SV is amplified to the OV of drive stepping motor, the SV pulse signal.Amplification module is the market sale standardized product.
The described CCD first road output of making a video recording can connect video recorder, and the CCD camera is sent out the VIDEO vision signal, and the machine that can videoed is recorded.
The native system video frequency collection card adopts the ordinary video image pick-up card, image show in real time in the window of setting size, can finish image-capture and playback by software, color, brightness, contrast, color saturation can be by software adjustment.
Optical image is sent to computing machine by CCD camera and common computer video frequency collection card (image card).
Computing machine can display image by software, sends instruction according to testing requirements, test findings is calculated, judged data are handled and statistical study, and experimental result can store and print.
Computer-implemented control is as follows:
Computer control is finished by Computer I/O plate input, output channel.24 tunnel inputs of selection standard model and 24 tunnel output I/O plates, every paths light is isolated.
Microhardness testers send one group of TTL high level by interface when work, by opening into signal operation of I/O plate, whether judge microhardness testers work.When microhardness testers in when work, computing machine locks stepper motor by program, and sample stage can not be moved, the pressure head that can effectively protect microhardness testers can not cause the pressure head damage because of maloperation mobile example platform when depressing like this.
Open into signal with the work of CPU routine inspection mode, its working line is referring to Fig. 5: external signal is imported optical coupler through R* after the R dividing potential drop, and electric current makes the triode conducting by light emitting diode, reads in the computer data line by eight D-latchs.Open into the signal correspondence for one group and one eight D-latch, every road is opened into the signal correspondence and one digit number according to line, and promptly CPU reads data from the I/O mouth.CPU judges the state of input signal by directly reading the data of I/O.
The operation of microhardness testers can be sent enabling signal by computing machine, microhardness testers are started working, the delivery outlet of computing machine by the I/O plate sends to the outside and leaves signal, and the second the road leaves the power control relay on the signal controling stepping motor driver module.When the sample automatic station stops, at any time by the primary power on the solid-state relay disconnection driver module.Third Road and the four road is left signal sends to X-Y two stepper motors respectively as pulse signal driver module.Select for use 42BYG series stepper motor generally to adopt pulsed frequency 500-2000HZ in this programme.And each the channel data input of MS-4202 switching value I/O interface board, the output response promptly can make the signal transmission frequency of port reach 10 by program at the microsecond order of magnitude
5HZ postpones through appropriate time, and software can be realized the port signal transmission frequency of 500-2000HZ.The the five the road and the six the road leaves signal sends to the forward and reverse control signal of X-Y two step motor drive modules as switching value respectively.
MS-4202 switching value I/O interface board, it leaves signal is 24 the tunnel, port circuit such as Fig. 6: computing machine send " 0 " Darlington transistor conducting, and computing machine send " 1 " Darlington transistor to end.Leave that signal is all with lock to be deposited.Leaving signal condition reads by main frame.Main frame is carried out single job to an address, has just sent one group of 8 road signal.The state latch of leaving signal is to the execution of next time write operation, and main frame can be carried out read operation at any time, with the state of the output signal that obtains switching value this moment.
Fig. 8 is the block diagram of computer control system software, can be realized by computer control system software:
1, input raw data---sample title, sample number into spectrum, test load and the dwell time.
2, image acquisition---sample topography is presented on the computer screen in real time, and can preserves.
3, image parameter is set---and color, brightness, contrast, color saturation can be set by menu.
4, the control sample stage moves---and the amount of movement of sample stage is set, and the control sample stage is finished automatically and is moved and the location.
5, programming is from dynamic test---the some points of even test in the sample certain limit, can import the coordinate of each testing site, and finish the test of each point
6, sclerometer control-, directly control sclerometer and begin test by the selected specimen test zone of computer screen.
During measurement, image is presented in the window interface on the screen in real time, and each pixel of image all has corresponding coordinate position, and the coordinate position on impression summit can determine that the catercorner length of impression can be calculated by following formula by cursor:
Wherein: d: catercorner length
K: image magnification factor
(x1, y1), (x2, y2): the diagonal line apex coordinate
(load load) after the input primary data, by measuring the impression catercorner length, program promptly can calculate the micro-vickers hardness value rapidly.
HV＝1.854F/d
2
A sample is tested in multiple spot in carrying out the micro-vickers hardness measuring process usually.The data point that measures is carried out the data statistics processing automatically by computer program, and well is in the end stored and printed in the data file, comprises the following:
(1) mean value Mean value
(2) variance SD
(3) discrete CV
(4) fluctuation range Range
(5) maximal value Max value
(6) minimum M in value
Micro-vickers hardness measurement requirement precision is very high, and its key point is to measure the impression catercorner length., be sent to and collect on the computer display after the CCD camera amplifies again after amplifying through optical lens for sample topography, image has amplified 2,000 times approximately.This provides condition for carry out precision measurement on computer display.Demarcation before measuring is necessary.Native system adopts the micron chi, demarcates the amplification coefficient of whole system, and after demarcating, this cover system promptly can be obtained satisfied measuring accuracy.
By studies show that, because image amplifies through transmitting, the easier border of seeing the sample impression clearly of tester, for the most basic condition that provides accurately is provided, the scale-up factor of screen display can accurately be calibrated, the substantive test digital proof image measurement precision and the stability after amplifying significantly improve.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of microhardness testers computer measurement and control system, it is to be made of microhardness testers, computer video capture card, I/O control card and computing machine, tipping CCD camera on the photographing interface of microhardness testers, it is characterized in that: the video of camera is exported the input port of receiving the computer video capture card by video signal cable, and this video frequency collection card is plugged on the PCI slot of computing machine; It also is furnished with a sample automatic station, and the 1/O of computer control output terminal on the PCI slot links and receive in order to drive the control box of sample automatic station work.
2, microhardness testers computer measurement and control system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described sample automatic station by X-Y two directions motor-drivenly go up, middle level moving metal platform and lower floor's location metal platform constitute, the guide rail that moves mutually for two table tops is arranged between each metal table top, go up with the middle level table top between guide rail with in the lower floor table top between guide rail that direction is set is vertical mutually, spring for return is set, the appropriate position of each the table top side bit switch of limiting between each table top.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02157937 CN1226607C (en) | 2002-12-20 | 2002-12-20 | Computer observing and controlling systems for microhardometer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02157937 CN1226607C (en) | 2002-12-20 | 2002-12-20 | Computer observing and controlling systems for microhardometer |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1510410A CN1510410A (en) | 2004-07-07 |
| CN1226607C true CN1226607C (en) | 2005-11-09 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02157937 Expired - Fee Related CN1226607C (en) | 2002-12-20 | 2002-12-20 | Computer observing and controlling systems for microhardometer |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100473968C (en) * | 2004-11-30 | 2009-04-01 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Stress-water flow-ohemical coupled rock urpture process mesomechanic loading system |
| CN101144766B (en) * | 2007-11-01 | 2011-11-02 | 复旦大学 | Full-automatic microhardness measuring system |
| CN101532962B (en) * | 2009-04-14 | 2012-04-25 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Method and device for testing low-temperature performance of drilling fluid |
| CN102169070B (en) * | 2011-01-04 | 2014-06-04 | 中华人民共和国厦门出入境检验检疫局 | Automatic measuring system for heat resistance of thermoplastic material |
| JP5841379B2 (en) | 2011-08-31 | 2016-01-13 | 株式会社ミツトヨ | Hardness testing machine |
| CN110047343B (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2021-07-20 | 北京市理化分析测试中心 | Method for operating VR (virtual reality) simulation microhardness meter |
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2002
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| CN1510410A (en) | 2004-07-07 |
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Effective date of registration: 20160530 Address after: Yang Yanlu 101407 Beijing city Huairou District Yanqi Economic Development Zone No. 88 Patentee after: National standard (Beijing) inspection & Certification Co., Ltd. Address before: 100088 research and development department, Beijing non ferrous Metal Research Institute, 2 Xinjie street, Beijing Patentee before: General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20051109 Termination date: 20161220 |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |