CN1263940C - 井眼的完井井段内的不同深度地层的压裂的方法和装置 - Google Patents
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Abstract
用于压裂井眼内的完井井段的不同深度地层的方法和装置。一个工作管柱(14)下入一个压裂管柱(15),压裂管柱由一个基管(20)构成;基管是空白的,但是沿着其长度方向具有带孔管段。筛装置(31)可以设置在所述的带孔管段上,以阻止砂流入到基管内。一个备用流道(24)(亦即分流管)沿着基管延伸,沿着其长度方向具有一个或者多个出口(25)。压裂浆液流入到压裂管柱周围的环形空间。当流体从浆液中漏失时,来自压裂浆液内的砂将形成砂桥(45),砂桥作为带孔管段的迷你砾石充填,隔离环形空间的一部分。压裂浆液穿过所述的分流管(24),然后进入到隔离的部分,以压裂完井井段的不同深度地层。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及完井一个地下地层,根据本发明的一个方面,它涉及一种用于在一次作业过程中完成压裂一个地下地层的一个完井井段不同深度地层进行的方法和设备。
背景技术
在对生产烃或者类似物的井完井时,为了改进流体流入到地层内或者从地层内流出的效率,通常需要“水力压裂”生产/注射地层的至少某些井段。正如本领域所理解的那样,水力压裂通常通过将一个工作管柱下入到井眼内并通过安放封隔器或者类似物来隔离靠近需要压裂的井眼部分。然后,压裂液或者浆液(例如,一种包括或者不包括支撑剂的重质胶)沿着工作管柱被向下泵送进入到隔离的井段,其压力足以分离或者“压裂”地层,因此在地层内形成渗透性的通道。
在薄或者相对较短的各向同性的井段,标准的压裂技术例如上面所述的技术通常能在完井井段的整个长度上产生一个裂缝或者多个裂缝。然而,当这些标准的压裂技术用于长的或者厚的各向异性(亦即,由几个在不同压力下压裂的不同深度地层或者区块构成的)井段时会产生问题。例如,在这样的井段内,一旦一个第一区块已经开始压裂,即使压裂第二区块是可能的,它也是非常困难的。当在隔离的井眼部分内的压力增加时,压裂浆液将继续流入并扩大原来的裂缝,而不是在压裂井段的其他区块或者深度的地层产生另外的裂缝。
而且,压裂浆液内的液体通常会通过最初的裂缝而“漏失”到地层内,这导致支撑剂(例如沙子)重浆液重沉降出来,从而在井眼靠近最初裂缝的部分形成桥堵或者堵塞。即使一些区块已经产生某些坍塌亦即压裂,这些堵塞仍然阻止浆液继续流动到压裂井段内的其他区块。这导致裂缝在整个压裂井段内分布不均,因为只有具有最低坍塌压力的区块被压裂和支撑。
由于这些问题,压裂长和/或各向异性井段时,通常需要执行一系列的单个的(如上所述的)常规压裂作业。这就是说,先压裂一个第一区块,然后工作管柱重新定位到井眼内,再压裂第二区块;依此类推,直到整个井段都被压裂。当然,正如本领域的普通技术人员所意识到的那样,这种重复的作业造价昂贵并且费时间,大大影响所完井的井眼的整体经济性。
为了克服在压裂长和/或各向异性的井段时出现的问题,人们提出了几种方法,在这些方法中,这些井段的压裂可以通过只是执行一次工作管柱安放即可完成压裂,并且在压裂的过程中,压裂浆液同时通过备用流道被输送到该井段的不同深度或者区块;例如,授权给Jones以及其他人的美国专利US5161618就公开这种技术。另外一种这样的方法公开在美国专利5435391中,该专利于1995年7月25日授权。在该方法中,交替的凝胶段塞和一个支撑剂浆液沿着一个单一工作管柱向下泵送,穿过所述的备用流道压裂和支撑该压裂井段内的不同深度的地层。
另外一种这样的方法公开在美国专利US5417284中,于1995年5月23日授权;在该方法中,压裂凝胶沿着一个工作管柱向下泵送进入到隔离井眼的一个端部,而支撑剂同时穿过井眼环形空间泵送进入到隔离的环形空间的另外一端,以在隔离井段内的不同深度上进行压裂。如果发生堵塞,压裂凝胶和/或浆液穿过备用流道继续输送到整个压裂井段以完成该井段的压裂。
一个类似的方法公开在美国专利US5560427中,不同之处在于:一个浆液隔离器放置于井下工作管柱内;其中,一部分凝胶与压裂浆液分离,流入到隔离井段的底部以在该井段内进行压裂。其余的浆液流动到隔离井段的上端以在形成裂缝时支撑这些裂缝。备用通道用于保证,如果在井眼环形空间完成压裂之前发生堵塞,凝胶和/或浆液将被输送道井段内的不同深度。
发明内容
本发明提供一种用于压裂一个地下地层完井井段的不同深度地层的方法和装置,该地层由一个井眼穿过。基本上,一个由具有一个油流会合装置的油管柱和一个压裂管柱构成的工作管柱下入到井眼内,直到压裂管柱定位到需要压裂的完井井段附近。压裂管柱由一个基管构成。基管的大部分为毛坯(亦即:非渗透的),但是沿着基管的长度方向互相隔开设置有多个带孔管段。每一个带孔管段有多个穿过基管的壁的开口(例如:圆形开口、沟槽等等),这些开口围绕所述的带孔管段周围以及整个长度上分布。各个带孔管段的长度可以变化(例如1到300英尺);另外带孔管段互相隔开不同距离(例如:从10到1000英尺)。
在对无颗粒材料(例如:砂)随着地层流体产生或者产生的颗粒材料很少的地层进行压裂时,在带孔管段上的开口可以是穿过基管的无筛开口,类似于常规的“沟槽衬管”内的沟槽。在大量出砂的地层,一个筛装置(例如:绕线)定位在每一个带孔管段处的开口上,以允许流体穿过这些开口流动到基管内,而同时阻止大量的砂流过这些开口。至少一个备用流道(例如:分流管)设置在压裂管柱上,它们沿着所述的基管的纵向延伸;所述的备用流道具有一个入口和至少一个或者多个互相隔开的出口。绕线可以缠绕在每一个带孔管段的分流管上;或者当绕线已经定位在基管上时,分流管可以弯曲而穿过绕线。在分流管位于绕线外部时,一个带孔套筒或者外罩可以被定位在每一个带孔管段的分流管上,以在安装过程中保护分流管。
为了执行本发明的压裂方法,工作管柱定位在井眼内,从而使得压裂管柱基本上穿过所述的完井井段,并与所述的井眼一起形成一个完井井段环形空间,反过来该环形空间与井眼上方的环形空间分隔开。一个由压裂液(例如:较高粘度凝胶)和支撑剂(例如:砂)沿着油管柱向下流动,穿过油流会合装置进入到完井井段环形空间的顶部。正如在常规的压裂作业中那样,根据需要,在压裂浆液在地层内产生裂缝之前,一个无支撑剂的压裂液段塞可以被泵送到完井井段环形空间内。
正如在本领域中公知的那样,当回流穿过井眼环形空间时,来自压裂浆液的流体即漏失到所述的完井井段内的地层内,又穿过沿着基管的带孔管段上的开口。这导致来自压裂浆液的支撑剂(砂)在带孔管段的完井井段环形空间处形成“出砂”,以形成砂桥,反过来砂桥阻止压裂浆液进一步向下流动穿过完井井段环形空间。
这些砂桥或者堵塞作为有效的封隔器,这些封隔器隔离各个临近的带孔管段之间的完井井段环形空间。压裂浆液继续泵送到完井井段环形空间的顶部,但是压裂浆液只能向下流动穿过备用流道(亦即:分流管)。压裂浆液进入到管子的顶部,并向下流动以穿过完井井段环形空间内的不同深度的互相隔开的出口;这就是说,压裂浆液进入到完井井段环形空间的隔离部分。压裂浆液继续泵送将导致在这些隔离部分内集聚压力,直到完井井段内的不同深度被压裂并且由支撑剂支撑为止。如果任何完井井段的深度不需要压裂,在该深度的分流管不设置出口;因此,无压裂浆液排出到靠近无须压裂的深度的地层的完井井段环形空间隔离部分。
在回流不是通过环形空间的情况下,流体进入或者穿过基管的流动被中止,井眼环形空间充满不可压缩完井液。因此,不会有大量的压裂液流体漏失穿过任何带孔管段,但是将漏失到地层内。最后,地层井在完井井段的某个深度地层压裂。一旦形成了最初的裂缝,流体现在不但可以流入到裂缝内,而且可以穿过某些带孔管段上而进入到距离裂缝最近的基管内。
在压裂浆液流体的带孔管段漏失形成砂桥。这些砂桥形成“封隔器”,反过来,这些封隔器隔离位于封隔器之间的完井井段环形空间。压裂浆液现在只能穿过备用流道流动;备用流道将压裂浆液输送到完井井段环形空间的隔离部分,以完成压裂作业。
一旦完井井段被压裂和支撑,压裂浆液的流动中止,井眼投产。来自完井井段的流体流入到完井井段环形空间;由于压裂浆液的粘度(例如:大约100厘泊)和产液的粘度(例如:1厘泊)之间的差别,产液很容易穿过砂桥而通过基管的带孔管段上的开口进入到基管内。在随着地层流体大量出砂时,在带孔管段上的开口将被装置一个筛装置(例如:绕线),该筛装置允许产液穿过,但是阻止大量的颗粒的流动。
附图说明
参照附图,本发明的实际构造、操作过程和明显的优点将更加容易理解,但是这些附图不一定成比例;附图中,类似的数字表示类似的部件。这些附图包括:
图1是一个井眼一部分的立式图,部分为剖面图;该井眼具有一个根据本发明的压裂管柱,该压裂管柱靠近被压裂的完井井段的一个可作业位置;
图2是图1中的压裂管柱的一部分的放大的立式图,部分为剖面图;
图3是沿着图2中的3-3线的剖面图;
图4是本发明的压裂管柱的另外一个实施例的立式图,部分为剖面图;
图5是本发明的压裂管柱的另外一个实施例的立式图,部分为剖面图;以及
图6是一个井眼的一部分的立式图,部分为剖面图;该井眼具有本发明的一个压裂管柱的另外一个实施例,该压裂管柱靠近被压裂的完井井段的一个可作业位置。
尽管本发明将参照它的优选实施例进行描述,应该能够理解,本发明不限于此。相反,本发明欲覆盖各种替换方式、改进和等同物,它们包括在根据所附的权利要求所定义的本发明的精神和范围内。
具体实施方式
参考附图,图1说明了一个生产和/或注水井10的井眼11的一部分。井眼11从地面(未示出)穿过一个长完井井段12(亦即生产和/注射井井段)。所述的井眼10具有一个垂直的“裸眼”井眼,但是本领域的普通技术人员应该能够意识到,本发明同样适用于:(a)下套管井眼,该井眼在靠近需要压裂的区块附件具有射孔;(b)斜井和/或水平井。由于本发明适用于水平井和斜井以及垂直井眼,这里所使用的“上和下”、“顶部和底部”均是相对概念,应该认为适用于某个特定的井眼内的各个位置;而术语“深度”或者“区块”意指沿着完井井段12的两个端部之间的的井眼的各个位置。
如图所示,完井井段12是一个具有一定长度或者厚度的地层,这些地层沿着井眼11延伸并且由多个(图中表示为3个)不同的深度或者区块13A、13B和13C构成;这些区块可能是各向异性的(亦即,每一个区块在不同破裂压力下坍塌)。一个工作管柱14定位在井眼11内并且从地面(未示出)开始延伸而基本上穿过完井井段12。如图所示,工作管柱14包括一个压裂管柱15,该压裂管柱15通过一个常规的“油流会合装置”16连接到油管柱17的下端,该压裂管柱15在处于作业位置时靠近所述的完井井段。
压裂管柱15由一定长度的基管或者管路20构成,该基管20沿着需要压裂的整个完井井段12延伸。基管20沿着其大多数长度是空白(无孔)的,但是基管20还包括多个互相隔开的带孔管段21a、21b、21c和21d;这些带孔管段形成有多个开口(例如图2中位于21a的孔22a,位于21b的沟槽22b),这些开口围绕基管沿着径向互相隔开,并且沿着基管20的各个长度“L”按照列延伸排列。开口22可以直接设置在基管20或者每一个带孔管段上;或者这些开口22可以形成在独立的接头或者一定长度的管子上,然后这些接头或者管子按照恰当的间隔连接到基管20上。开口22允许流体从环绕完井井段的环形空间(30a)流入到基管20内。每一个带孔管段21a-d的长度(例如1到300英尺)和带孔管段21之间的纵向间距(例如从10英尺到1000英尺,最好为10英尺)可以随所需压裂的具体井段12的特性而在一个基管20内变化。
一个或者多个(例如图3中所示为4个)相对较小的分流管24(亦即1到1.5英寸或者更小)径向间隔的沿着压裂管柱15的一定长度上延伸。这些分流管可以为圆形横截面(例如图3中的24a)或者采用其他横截面形状(例如:图3中的24b基本上为矩形)。每一个分流管24沿着一定的长度上具有一个或者多个出口(例如互相隔开的开口25);这些出口提供“备用流道”,用于将流体输送到完井井段12内的不同深度,下面还要进行详细描述。
每一个分流管可以在上端开口以允许流体进入到分流管内;或者当分流管具有多个出口25时,流体的入口可以设置为穿过某些开口25本身(例如靠近每一个分流管的的顶部的开口25)。另外,尽管每一个分流管的出口25可以开口在分流管的前端,这些出口也可以设置在分流管的每一侧。这种类型的分流管已经能够在各种类型的油井作业中提供备用流道,参见美国专利、US4945991、US5082052、US5113935、US5161613和5161618。
尽管每一个带孔管段21上的开口22(图4)设计为允许流体流入到基管20内,重要的是,颗粒材料被挡住(例如:支撑剂,产出的砂,等等)。当随着压裂地层的地层流体产生的颗粒材料不是太多时这不是一个问题。因此无筛开口(图5中的沟槽22c)可以按照公知、商用的“沟槽衬管”中相同的方式进行设置。然而,当随着压裂地层的地层流体产生的颗粒材料太多时,需要提供一个大于每一个带孔管段21长度“L”的筛装置,其尺寸允许流体穿过,但是阻止任何颗粒的大量流过,正如在油井筛技术中所公知的那样。
筛装置可以由任何公知的材料构成,这些材料过滤颗粒材料但允许流体穿过。例如,如图1-4所示,筛装置由连续的绕线31构成,该绕线31可以是“梯形”截面(未示出)。绕线31缠绕在基管20周围,以覆盖各个带孔管段21的开口20;该绕线31还可以焊接或者固定到基管20上。每一圈绕线31与临近的圈隔开一定距离,因此在各个圈之间形成流体通道(未示出)。这种技术与在许多用于油井完井作业的商用绕线筛的制造过程中使用的技术相同。在本发明的一个实施例中(图1-3),在分流管定位和固定到基管上之前,绕线31首先缠绕在位于每一个带孔管段21的基管20周围。每一个分流管然后在每一个带孔管段21略微弯曲,以在通过绕线31时配合绕线31的外表面。
另外,在该实施例中,一个带孔的套筒或者外罩33(在图2中只是在21b显示一个)可以放置在整个带孔管段21上,以在将分流管安装到井眼11内时保护分流管24;并且根据需要该外罩33还可以作为压裂管柱15的扶正。外罩33可以制造为两片,然后在两片安装在带孔管段21周围上后再焊接或者固定到一起。
在另外一个实施例中(图4),分流管24首先定位穿过带孔管段21,然后绕线31缠绕到基管20和分流管24上方。在该实施例中,绕线31包括位于每一个带孔管段21的分流管。应该能够理解,在大部分的油井完井作业中,井眼11和压裂管柱15(特别是带孔管段21)之间的间隙(亦即图1中的井眼环形空间30)将会很小(亦即1-1.5英寸)。
在作业时(图1-2),如果井眼11延伸到完井井段12下方一定距离,靠近完井井段12的下端的井眼被一个塞子或者封隔器34封闭,正如本领域所公知的那样。在井眼10投产后压裂井段12随着地层流体产生较多的颗粒材料时,图1中的其底端具有油流会合装置16和压裂管柱15的工作管柱14下入到井眼11中,因此在工作管柱14和井眼11之间形成一个井眼环形空间30。压裂管柱15定位靠近完井井段12和封隔器34,封隔器34由工作管柱挟带,并且设置为隔离靠近完井井段12的完井井段环形空间30a和井眼环形空间的其余部分。正如本领域所公知的那样,当工作管柱14下入到井眼内时,井眼11和工作管柱14将充满完井液;在井眼11内也有完井液。
工作管柱14安放到位后,压裂浆液(图1、2中的箭头40)沿着工作管柱14亦即油管柱17向下泵送从油流会合装置16的出口18出来,进入到完井井段环形空间30a的顶部。压裂浆液可以由任何公知的用于压裂地层的挟带液(例如水)和支撑剂(例如砂)构成;但是作为优选的压裂浆液,在本发明的压裂浆液40中使用的挟带液最好为常用于常规压裂作业的相对高粘的商用“凝胶”(例如大于100厘泊)(例如,Versagel,哈里伯顿公司,邓肯,阿克拉荷马州)当然,正如在压裂技术中公知的那样,根据需要,一个压裂流体段塞(无支撑剂的凝胶)可以在压裂浆液产生裂缝之前下入到井眼内。
当压裂浆液40流入到环形空间30a的顶部然后向下穿过该环形空间30a时,该压裂浆液40开始漏失流体到完井井段(例如区块13A)和位于带孔管段21的基管20内。来自压裂浆液的流体将流动穿过绕线31的各圈之间的通道和穿过开口22进入到基管内,再穿过油流会合装置16的返回管16a,进入到位于封隔器34之上的环形空间30内。为了保证流体快速漏失穿过每一个带孔管段21,油流会合装置16上方的井眼环形空间30开口在地面,从而通过井眼环形空间30接纳来自基管20的回流。
当流体从井眼漏失-亦即“出砂”-后,砂桥或者堵塞45先后形成在每一个带孔管段上。由于来自浆液的流体快速渗漏到完井井段的区块和基管20内,这些堵塞快速形成。这些砂桥形成有效的障碍,这些障碍将阻止流动通过完井井段环形空间30a内的这些点。这就是说,一旦砂桥形成,由于凝胶的较高粘度(例如:大于100厘泊),来自浆液的流体不可能很容易地流过砂桥45。只有少量来自浆液的流体通过各个砂桥,因此缓慢地增加砂桥的尺寸。
由于除了在带孔管段21上的空白基管20上没有开口,并且一旦在各个带孔管段形成砂桥45由于来自浆液的流体不可能沿着井眼环形空间30a流动,浆液40只能穿过分流管24流动。浆液进入到分流管24的顶部并且向下进入到分流管内并且从完井井段环形空间30a的不同深度排出。在图1-5所示的实施例中,浆液穿过并离开(位于临近的带孔管段21)分流管24上的多个垂直隔开的出口25。在图6所示的实施例中,每一个分流管24c具有不同的长度并且在分流管的底部具有一个单一出口,浆液穿过该出口从完井井段12的不同深度排出。
砂桥45作为有效的封隔器,该封隔器反过来隔离各个完井井段环形空间30之间的部分。连续地泵送浆液穿过分流管24c,并且从完井井段30a的各个深度排出将增加环形空间30a的隔离部分的浆液压力,直到在各个完井区块产生裂缝为止。在环形空间30a的任何具体的隔离部分内的裂缝“出砂”后,并且/或者如果隔离部分的压力上升到分流管内的压力水平,浆液继续穿过分流管输送到下游;该方法不断重复直到压裂作业完成。因此,只是通过泵送压裂浆液直到完井井段内的所有所需的区块被压裂和支撑,所有的所需的完井区块基本上被压裂。
在某些完井作业中,有时需要留出一段具体的区块(例如图1中的13B)不压裂。在这种完井作业中,每一个分流管24长度的一部分为空白或者无孔(亦即无开口25);其中,当压裂管柱在井眼内处于可操作位置时,分流管的空白部分将靠近区块13B。砂桥45还是会形成在带孔管段21,如上所述,但是现在浆液只能流动到靠近区块13A和13c的环形空间的隔离部分,而不能进入到区块13B,因此留出区块13B不压裂。
在许多情况下,在压裂作业过程中不需要穿过井眼环形空间30回流。参考图6,井眼环形空间30在地面处封闭,而井眼11和工作管柱14充满不可压缩的完井液;该完井液通常在钻井井眼完成后就已经存在在井眼中。压裂浆液40向下穿过油管柱17从油流会合装置16排出进入到完井井段环形空间16的顶部。由于来自浆液的流体不可能流动穿过带孔管段21,它只能向下流动穿过完井井段环形空间30a,进入到最弱或者最具渗透性的深度的地层内。当浆液流动进入到地层内,它迫使环形空间30a内的至少部分的完井液向前进入到地层内。
一旦地层(可以为完井井段12内的任何部分)产生了一个裂缝50(图6),由于泵送进入到环形空间30a内的压裂浆液的压力,来自浆液40的流体和来自完井井段环形空间30a内的完井液(图6中的箭头55)流动进入到裂缝内。当完井液55从环形空间30a中驱替后,来自浆液的液体40开始穿过离裂缝50最远的带孔管段(例如21a,21b和21d)进入到基管内。当液体40进入到基管内时,它迫使完井液55穿过离裂缝50最近的带孔管段(例如21c)排出。来自浆液40的流体持续漏失穿过这些带孔管段将在各个带孔管段上形成砂桥,以隔离环形空间30a的一部分,如上所述。一旦这些砂桥形成,浆液40只能流动穿过分流管24c,并且穿过各个分流管输送到井眼环形空间的隔离部分,以完成完井井段12的压裂作业。
一旦所需的区块压裂完成后,井眼可以投产。油管柱17和油流会合装置16可以取出,并能够由一个生产管柱(未示出)代替;该生产管柱反过来可以刺入或者连接到压裂管柱15,后者通常被留在其位置上。流体将从完井井段12内的生产区块流动到完井井段环形空间30a内。尽管砂桥45基本上对高粘度的流体(具有大于100厘泊的压裂凝胶)是不渗透的,这些砂桥对于较低粘度的产出液(例如:石油和天然气的粘度为大约1厘泊)是可深透的。因此,生产流体可以自由流动穿过砂桥45、绕线筛(如果存在)带孔管段21上的开口22然后进入到基管20内用于开采到地面;该砂桥45作为一个小型砾石充填。
Claims (19)
1.一种用于压裂一个地下地层的完井井段的不同深度地层的方法,该地下地层由一个井眼穿过,所述的方法包括:
定位一个工作管柱到所述的井眼内,所述的工作管柱包括一个油流会合装置和一个压裂管柱;所述的压裂管柱基本上延伸穿过所述的完井井段,并且当所述的工作管柱在井眼内处于可作业位置时与所述的井眼一起形成一个完井井段环形空间;所述的压裂管柱包括:
具有多个沿着长度方向隔开的带孔管段的基管;和
至少一个沿着所述的基管延伸的备用流道;
通过使得包括压裂液和支撑剂的一个压裂浆液流动到所述的完井井段环形空间,然后,来自压裂浆液的一些流体漏失进入到所述的完井井段,并且穿过所述的带孔管段进入到所述的基管内,从而在所述的带孔管段形成堵塞,所述的堵塞有效地隔离所述的完井井段环形空间靠近所述的各个带孔管段的部分;和
通过使所述的压裂浆液输送通过所述的至少一个备用流道而连续使得所述的压裂浆液流入到所述的至少一些隔离部分内,以压裂所述完井井段的至少一些隔离部分,由此,压裂所述的完井井段靠近所述的完井井段环形空间的至少一些隔离部分的不同深度地层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述的压裂液是一种粘度凝胶,而所述的浆液内的所述的支撑剂是砂。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,在所述的压裂液注入之前先注入不带支撑剂的凝胶。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述的至少一个备用流道由分流管构成,这些分流管径向隔开地分布在所述的压裂管柱周围,所述的分流管穿过所述的完井井段延伸,每一个所述的分流管具有一个入口和沿着其长度方向间隔设置的多个出口。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述的至少一个备用流道由分流管构成,这些分流管径向隔开地分布在所述的压裂管柱周围,所述的分流管穿过所述的完井井段而具有不同的长度,每一个所述的分流管具有一个入口和至少一个沿着其长度方向间隔的出口。
6.根据权利要求3所述的方法,还包括:
在将压裂液泵送到所述的完井井段环形空间内之前,将所述的完井井段环形空间与所述的油井环形空间的其余部分隔离;以及
在地面打开所述的井眼环形空间的其余部分,以允许流动。
7.根据权利要求3所述的方法,所述的压裂浆液向下沿着所述的工作管柱流动,流出所述的油流会合装置,然后进入到所述的完井井段环形空间的顶部。
8.根据权利要求1所述的方法,还包括:
当所述的完井井段的所述的不同深度的地层压裂时,停止让所述的压裂浆液流入到所述的完井井段环形空间;以及
通过让来自所述的完井井段的生产流体流动到所述的完井井段环形空间然后再穿过所述的带孔管段进入到所述的基管内而利用该井进行生产。
9.一种用于压裂一个地下地层的完井井段的不同深度地层的装置,该地下地层由一个井眼穿过,所述的装置包括:
一个工作管柱,所述的工作管柱包括:
一个油管柱;
一个油流会合装置,连接到所述的油管柱的下端;和
一个压裂管柱,连接到所述的油流会合装置;所述的压裂管柱包括:
一个基管,具有多个沿着长度方向隔开的带孔管段,每一个所述的带孔管段具有多个穿过所述的基管的开口,所述的带孔管段沿着所述的基管的所述的长度方向延伸,沿所述基管所述带孔管段彼此分开的距离为10到1000英尺;和
至少一个沿着所述的基管长度延伸的备用流道;所述的至少一个备用流道具有一个入口和至少一个出口。
10.根据权利要求9所述的装置,还包括:
筛装置,定位在所述的基管上并覆盖所述的带孔管段上的所述的多个开口,以允许穿过所述的带孔管段流入到所述的基管内,同时防止颗粒材料穿过所述的开口流入到所述的基管内。
11.根据权利要求9所述的装置,其中,所述的备用流道包括:
一个分流管,沿着所述的基管纵向延伸。
12.根据权利要求9所述的装置,其中,所述的备用流道包括:
多个围绕所述的压裂管柱径向隔开设置的分流管,这些分流管沿着所述的基管纵向延伸。
13.根据权利要求9所述的装置,其中,每一个沿着所述的基管的所述的带孔管段的每一个长度为1到300英尺。
14.根据权利要求9所述的装置,其中,每一个沿着所述的基管的带孔管段长度为5英尺到30英尺。
15.根据权利要求10所述的装置,其中,所述筛装置包括:
绕线,缠绕在所述的基管上和所述的带孔管段上的开口上,所述的绕线的各圈之间具有间隙以形成通道,这些通道允许流体通过但是防止颗粒材料流过。
16.根据权利要求15所述的装置,其中,所述的绕线缠绕在所述至少一个带孔管段上的所述的至少一个分流管上。
17.根据权利要求15所述的装置,其中,所述的至少一个分流管通过至少一个所述的带孔管段上的所述绕线。
18.根据权利要求17所述的装置,还包括:
一个带孔套筒,定位在所述的至少一个分流管和位于至少一个所述的带孔管段上的绕线上。
19.根据权利要求10所述的装置,其中,所述的分流管的所述长度的一部分为未射孔的管段,无任何出口定位在所述的分流管的未射孔的管段部分上,从而防止来自分流管的流体流过所述的分流管的所述长度的未射孔的管段部分。
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EP (1) | EP1305503B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1263940C (zh) |
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AU (2) | AU2001278984B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR0112934B1 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2417431C (zh) |
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EA (1) | EA005190B1 (zh) |
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MY (1) | MY128907A (zh) |
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-
2000
- 2000-07-31 US US09/629,203 patent/US6644406B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2001
- 2001-07-20 MY MYPI20013437A patent/MY128907A/en unknown
- 2001-07-23 CN CNB018137245A patent/CN1263940C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-07-23 EA EA200300207A patent/EA005190B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-07-23 CA CA002417431A patent/CA2417431C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-07-23 AU AU2001278984A patent/AU2001278984B2/en not_active Expired
- 2001-07-23 DE DE60125545T patent/DE60125545T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-07-23 MX MXPA03000915A patent/MXPA03000915A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2001-07-23 EP EP01957216A patent/EP1305503B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-07-23 BR BRPI0112934-1A patent/BR0112934B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-07-23 AU AU7898401A patent/AU7898401A/xx active Pending
- 2001-07-23 OA OA1200300013A patent/OA12341A/en unknown
- 2001-07-23 WO PCT/US2001/023045 patent/WO2002010554A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2001-07-24 PE PE2001000745A patent/PE20020242A1/es active IP Right Grant
- 2001-07-30 AR ARP010103636A patent/AR030078A1/es active IP Right Grant
-
2003
- 2003-01-30 NO NO20030470A patent/NO336380B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-09-11 US US10/659,818 patent/US7108060B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US6644406B1 (en) | 2003-11-11 |
BR0112934B1 (pt) | 2009-12-01 |
PE20020242A1 (es) | 2002-05-07 |
AR030078A1 (es) | 2003-08-13 |
MXPA03000915A (es) | 2003-06-24 |
US20040050551A1 (en) | 2004-03-18 |
MY128907A (en) | 2007-02-28 |
EA005190B1 (ru) | 2004-12-30 |
AU2001278984B2 (en) | 2006-07-27 |
CN1457382A (zh) | 2003-11-19 |
OA12341A (en) | 2006-05-15 |
BR0112934A (pt) | 2004-06-08 |
EA200300207A1 (ru) | 2003-12-25 |
NO20030470D0 (no) | 2003-01-30 |
CA2417431A1 (en) | 2002-02-07 |
DE60125545D1 (de) | 2007-02-08 |
EP1305503B1 (en) | 2006-12-27 |
NO336380B1 (no) | 2015-08-10 |
EP1305503A1 (en) | 2003-05-02 |
WO2002010554A1 (en) | 2002-02-07 |
CA2417431C (en) | 2008-09-30 |
US7108060B2 (en) | 2006-09-19 |
DE60125545T2 (de) | 2007-10-04 |
NO20030470L (no) | 2003-03-11 |
AU7898401A (en) | 2002-02-13 |
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