CN1259881A - 净化空气的电离过滤器 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于净化富含粉尘粒子和其它无机和有机有害物质的空气的电离过滤器,该过滤器包括至少一带电的放电电极以产生导电粒子和至少一集电极以接收在放电电极和集电极之间的电场中运动的有害物质粒子,在要被沉析的有害物质粒子的流道中另置一改性层。该层优选多层结构,由强酸和强碱层交替,或反之也可所形成的层,并且每两个不同pH值层之间设置一中性中间层。通过设置改性层,在电离过滤器电场中运动的微生物,诸如细菌、霉菌、孢子和/或变态反应原将即时消亡。
Description
本发明涉及一种用于净化富含粉尘粒子和其它有机和无机有害物质的空气的电离过滤器,该过滤器包括至少一个充电的放电电极以产生导电粒子和至少一个集电极以接收在放电电极和集电极之间的电场中运动的有害物质粒子。
这种电离过滤器迄今主要用于离析化石燃料电站尾气中的粉尘,其优点在于,在粉尘离析度高的条件下通过电极的待净化尾气的流动阻力低。此外,由于结构简单,无运动部件,这类电过滤器很少磨损,从而很少检修。
在如住宅、医院、办公楼等建筑物的空调循环中,大多采用通常由陶瓷材料制成的过滤器净化空气。这种过滤器的压力损失甚高,而且随着负载的增加净化作用减小。细菌、霉菌、孢子和其它微生物穿透过滤器,或者由于负载引起的风机压力升高使它们通过泄漏进入管道系统,从而可能使接受新鲜空气的人们的健康受到损害。
本发明的目的在于开发一种特别为建筑物用的过滤器系统,该系统在压力损失低的条件下对有害健康的微生物亦具有高的净化作用。
本发明达到此目的的手段是在本文开头提及的电离过滤器中通过在要被离析的有害物粒子的流动途径中安装改性层。本文指的改性层系指一种对微生物具有自由的物质交换表面的材料,该表面能使接触的微生物在短时间内死亡。可采用铜的化合物或其它熟知的有毒材料作起改性作用的材料,相应的层可用这些材料浸渍或制备。
因此本发明保证,不仅能使一般粉尘粒子和其它微生物离析在电离过滤器的集电极上,并且能够通过采用改性层使微生物即时死亡。
根据本发明的一个特征,采用由强酸或强碱组成或用经过强酸或强碱相应处理的材料作改性层是特别有利的。强酸系指pH值为1-3,强碱系指pH值为11-14。
曾经证明,在这样一种极端的环境中,微生物几乎完全死亡。
改性层由交替的强酸和强碱的多层组成,或相反由交替的强碱和强酸的多层组成,并在两个不同pH值层之间安装一中性的中间层是特别有效的。通过这种附加变换,在一个极端的环境下,微生物的死亡率特别高。强酸或强碱的环境条件的建立可通过用相应的盐和碱浸渍来实现。
改性层宜直接安装在集电极表面之前,或者可将集电极表面补充改性。
只要改性的结构材料能导电,或者如果锒入相应材料,例如金属丝的编织物或金属丝栅格使其能导电,则改性层本身亦可用作集电极。
为了提高以一金属丝作放电电极的电离过滤器的效率,宜使丝状放电电极的长度方向上分布一些细丝尖。细丝尖与放电电极之间的夹角宜在60°-90°的范围内,这些细丝尖的端部能形成很强的电场,其使流过的粒子相应地产生强烈的电离,这又会使它们在相对的集电极上达到较高的沉降率。
在如住宅或特别是汽车一类小空调装置中,电离过滤器的放电电极由金属丝构成,并安装在导电的管状通道件的中心,而改性层置于围绕放电电极的通道的内表面。这种过滤器可简单地用法兰连接到流道上,负载到一定程序可毫无困难地卸下并用另一单元更换。
电离过滤器运行时,宜将放电电极和集电极之间的电压值调到高于5000V(优选高于7000V)。在这样高的电压下照便会生成臭氧,后者有助于杀死微生物。
如果根据本发明的一个特征,集电极由一种用导电的有机材料加固的耐热有机基材组成,则负载的电离过滤器易于进行热处置。该有机基材宜对酸和/或碱不敏感,可以是加固的纸、硬纸板、塑料-瓷板等材料。用于加固作为导电的材料宜采用石墨。
如果改性层由不同pH值的交替层构成,并应同时用作集电极,则可根据本发明的另一个特征,将所用应用的层都用石墨加固,从而相应地使其导电。
对处理大量空气的电离过滤器,可通过下述措施进一步优化,即集电极在其每个放电电极相配的面上设置一栅格结构,每个栅格面以串联排列的酸性、中性和碱性结构层,优选是毛毡层所覆盖,并且酸性层或碱性层交替,它组成面向放电电极的表面。通过这种类似于棋盘的改性层多面布置,可以保证,微生物无论是平行于表面的方面通过层或者垂直于表面穿过层时总会经受变化的环境条件,而使微生物快速死亡。
拟用之栅格结构本身可以是任意形状的,但优选矩形、正方形或六角形的蜂窝形结构。
为进一步优化电离过滤器的离析效率,宜将多个改性集电极串联布置。这样可将穿过主集电极的粒子离析到串联的补充集电极上。如果根据另一特征,在放电电极上产生过量于主集电极接收能力的离子,则这种离析作用将进一步加强。
由于要被净化的空气的湿含量不恒定,根据本发明的一个特征,宜用吸水物质,例如钾盐和/或钠盐补充浸渍改性层。吸水物质吸收空气中的湿气,从而保证在改性层内部总是保持强酸和/或强碱性所要求的含湿量。
根据本发明的另一个特征,改性层还可用聚无性抗体和/或单无性抗体浸渍或者使改性层吸收无性抗体。这类抗体与只用酸和/或碱的方案相比特别能使过敏原更易于离析和改性。引入抗体的方式可以是通过直接浸渍改性层或者是通过补充置放一种浸渍抗体的层。亦可用防止胞内毒生成的生物活性物质(这是细菌蜕变时产生的毒素)补充浸渍改性层,或者用另一类抗霉菌侵袭的浸渍剂浸渍。
为提高电离过滤器的离析率,根据本发明的另一特征宜在通过放电电极之前向要被净化的空气喷入细微的气溶胶,细微的气溶胶滴同样在放电电极区电离,并向集电极方向运动。由于电离过滤器内离子密度的提高,细粒子的物质附着表面增大,因而这类粒子更加大量地向集电极运动。气溶胶宜在一种超声喷洒器中产生,这种喷洒器的优点在于能进行细的喷洒。
如果需要,可在改性层中直接加进活性炭或以附加层的方式加入活性炭,以便离析其它有害物或者进一步提高离析效率。
Claims (22)
1、一种用于净化富含粉尘粒子和其它无机或有机有害物质的空气的电离过滤器,该过滤器包括至少一个充电的放电电极以产生导电粒子和至少一个集电极以接收在放电电极和集电极之间的电场中运动的有害物质粒子,其特征在于,在要被离析的有害物质粒子的流道上置放改性层。
2、权利要求1的电离过滤器,其特征在于,改性层由强酸或强碱组成。
3、权利要求1或2的电离过滤器,其特征在于,改性层为多层结构,由强酸层和强碱层交替排列,或反之也可,并在两不同pH值的层之间置放中性中间层。
4、权利要求1-3中之一项的电离过滤器,其特征在于,改性层与集电极的表面相连。
5、权利要求1-4中之一项的电离过滤器,其特征在于,集电极的表面或整个集电极经过改性处理。
6、权利要求1-5中之一项的电离过滤器,其特征在于,放电电极为金属丝,在该金属丝的长度上分布一些细丝尖。
7、权利要求6的电离过滤器,其特征在于,细丝尖与金属丝轴向呈60°-90°的角度固定于金属丝上。
8、权利要求6或7中之一项的电离过滤器,其特征在于,集电极呈管状,改性层附于朝向放电电极的内表面上。
9、权利要求8的电离过滤器,其特征在于,管状集电极可作为流道的一部分通过法兰联接在流道中。
10、权利要求1-9中之一项的电离过滤器,其特征在于,放电电极和集电极之间的电压在7000V以上。
11、权利要求1-10中之一项的电离过滤器,其特征在于,集电极由一种耐热有机基材组成,该基材用一种导电的有机材料加固。
12、权利要求11的电离过滤器,其特征在于,该导电材料为石墨。
13、权利要求11或12的电离过滤器,其特征在于,集电极的结构至少为三层,并在强酸层和强碱层之间有一化学中性层,每层皆用石墨加固。
14、权利要求1-13中之一项的电离过滤器,其特征在于,集电极在其与每一放电电极相配的面上安装一栅格结构,而且每个栅格表面以串联排列的酸性、中性和碱性结构层,优选为毛毡层所覆盖,而且酸性层或强性层交替,它组成面向放电电极的表面。
15、权利要求14的电离过滤器,其特征在于,栅格结构为矩形、正方形和/或六角形,优选为烽窝形状。
16、权利要求1-15中之一项的电离过滤器,其特征在于,在带电的有害物粒子的流道上至少接上两个串联的经改性处理的集电极。
17、权利要求16的集电极,其特征在于,在放电电极上产生过量的离子。
18、权利要求1-17中之一项的电离过滤器,其特征在于,改性层还用具吸水作用的物质的浸渍或使改性层吸收具吸水作用的物质。
19、权利要求1-18中之一项的电离过滤器,其特征在于,改性层还吸收单无性抗体和/或用抗胞内毒的物质和/或用防霉菌的物质浸渍。
20、权利要求1-19中之一项的电离过滤器,其特征在于,在通过放电电极之前向要被净化的空气流中喷入细微气溶胶。
21、权利要求20的电离过滤器,其特征在于,该气溶胶是在一种超声喷洒器中产生的。
22、权利要求1-21中之一项的电离过滤器,其特征在于,在改性层中直接加活性炭或以附加层的形式加活性炭。
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE19725030.0 | 1997-06-13 | ||
DE19725030A DE19725030C2 (de) | 1997-06-13 | 1997-06-13 | Ionisationsfilter mit denaturierender Niederschlagselektrode |
DE19730040.5 | 1997-07-14 | ||
DE19730040A DE19730040A1 (de) | 1997-06-13 | 1997-07-14 | Ionisationsfilter mit denaturierender Niederschlagselektrode |
DE19732335.9 | 1997-07-28 | ||
DE19732335A DE19732335A1 (de) | 1997-06-13 | 1997-07-28 | Ionisationsfilter mit monoklonalen Antikörpern |
DE19735192A DE19735192A1 (de) | 1997-06-13 | 1997-08-14 | Ionisierungsfilter mit denaturierender Niederschlagselektrode, Ozonisierung und Aktiv-Kohle |
DE19735192.1 | 1997-08-14 | ||
DE19752393.5 | 1997-11-26 | ||
DE19752393 | 1997-11-26 | ||
DE19756999.4 | 1997-12-20 | ||
DE19756999A DE19756999A1 (de) | 1997-06-13 | 1997-12-20 | Denaturierende Niederschlagselektrode für Elektrofilter aus Nichtmetallen |
DE19809068.4 | 1998-03-04 | ||
DE19809068A DE19809068C2 (de) | 1997-06-13 | 1998-03-04 | Ionisationsfilter mit denaturierender Niederschlagselektrode |
DE19819939.2 | 1998-05-05 | ||
DE19819939A DE19819939A1 (de) | 1997-06-13 | 1998-05-05 | Elektrofilter-Luftreinigungs- und Luftentkeimungssystem für Kraftfahrzeuge |
DE19821184.8 | 1998-05-12 | ||
DE19821184A DE19821184A1 (de) | 1997-06-13 | 1998-05-12 | Denaturierende Niederschlagselektrode mit Facettenstruktur für Elektrofiltersysteme |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN1259881A true CN1259881A (zh) | 2000-07-12 |
CN1182909C CN1182909C (zh) | 2005-01-05 |
Family
ID=27576003
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CNB988060906A Expired - Lifetime CN1182909C (zh) | 1997-06-13 | 1998-06-12 | 净化空气的电离过滤器 |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6375721B1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0989901B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2002510240A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1182909C (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE289857T1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU739503B2 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2286856A1 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE59812617D1 (zh) |
DK (1) | DK0989901T3 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2239397T3 (zh) |
PL (1) | PL190125B1 (zh) |
PT (1) | PT989901E (zh) |
WO (1) | WO1998056489A1 (zh) |
Cited By (3)
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CN100366316C (zh) * | 2003-03-15 | 2008-02-06 | Kx技术有限公司 | 具有提高的微生物拦截能力的过滤介质 |
CN101832968A (zh) * | 2010-04-01 | 2010-09-15 | 郑州市光力科技发展有限公司 | β粒子三极电离粉尘传感器 |
CN102853489A (zh) * | 2011-06-27 | 2013-01-02 | 大金工业株式会社 | 空调机 |
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WO2004022113A1 (ja) * | 2002-09-05 | 2004-03-18 | Sanei Kensetsu Kabushiki Kaisha | 空気清浄器 |
FR2849626B1 (fr) * | 2003-01-06 | 2005-02-25 | Valeo Climatisation | Commande d'une installation de chauffage et/ou climatisation comprenant un pulseur et un photocatalyseur |
JP3642340B2 (ja) | 2003-03-28 | 2005-04-27 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 有害物質除去方法、並びに、それに用いる空気浄化用フィルタ、拭き取りシートなどの有害物質除去材、及び、その保管方法 |
JP2005095112A (ja) * | 2003-08-19 | 2005-04-14 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | ウイルス不活化剤およびウイルス不活化方法、該不活化剤を備えたフィルター、並びに該フィルターを具備する空気調和機 |
US20050201911A1 (en) * | 2004-03-10 | 2005-09-15 | Waseda University | Air purification system using antibody material and air purification filter using same |
WO2006072235A1 (de) * | 2005-01-07 | 2006-07-13 | Efs Schermbeck Gmbh | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur reinigung und konditionierung von luft |
KR100707598B1 (ko) * | 2005-06-24 | 2007-04-13 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 연료전지용 공기공급장치 및 이를 채용한 연료전지 |
US7815720B2 (en) | 2006-12-27 | 2010-10-19 | Strionair, Inc. | Dual-filter electrically enhanced air-filtration apparatus and method |
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US10881756B2 (en) * | 2012-06-28 | 2021-01-05 | Stephen R. Temple | Methods and equipment for treatment of odorous gas streams from industrial plants |
BR112015017534A2 (pt) | 2013-01-22 | 2017-07-11 | Steen Res Llc | método para remover compostos odoríferos de uma corrente de gás |
US20150343454A1 (en) * | 2014-06-03 | 2015-12-03 | Restless Noggins Design, Llc | Charged filtration system |
CA3007437C (en) | 2015-12-21 | 2021-09-28 | Delta Faucet Company | Fluid delivery system including a disinfectant device |
WO2018035165A1 (en) | 2016-08-15 | 2018-02-22 | Steen Research, Llc | Processes for removing a nitrogen-based compound from a gas or liquid stream to produce a nitrogen-based product |
CN207599883U (zh) * | 2017-06-01 | 2018-07-10 | 新威离子科技有限公司 | 空气净化器 |
MX2022002382A (es) | 2019-08-28 | 2022-03-17 | Steen Res Llc | Metodos para la absorcion de un compuesto objetivo de una corriente de gas para el procesamiento o uso subsiguiente. |
RU2740202C1 (ru) * | 2020-06-16 | 2021-01-12 | Виктор Александрович Гавриленко | Устройство для очистки и стерилизации воздуха |
US20230364544A1 (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2023-11-16 | Wayne Neville SEEGERS | A panel for an air circulation system |
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1998
- 1998-06-12 JP JP50132899A patent/JP2002510240A/ja active Pending
- 1998-06-12 DE DE59812617T patent/DE59812617D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-06-12 EP EP98936146A patent/EP0989901B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-06-12 PT PT98936146T patent/PT989901E/pt unknown
- 1998-06-12 AT AT98936146T patent/ATE289857T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-06-12 US US09/424,969 patent/US6375721B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-06-12 PL PL98337280A patent/PL190125B1/pl not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-06-12 AU AU85308/98A patent/AU739503B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1998-06-12 ES ES98936146T patent/ES2239397T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-06-12 CA CA002286856A patent/CA2286856A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-06-12 WO PCT/DE1998/001599 patent/WO1998056489A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1998-06-12 CN CNB988060906A patent/CN1182909C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-06-12 DK DK98936146T patent/DK0989901T3/da active
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN100366316C (zh) * | 2003-03-15 | 2008-02-06 | Kx技术有限公司 | 具有提高的微生物拦截能力的过滤介质 |
CN101832968A (zh) * | 2010-04-01 | 2010-09-15 | 郑州市光力科技发展有限公司 | β粒子三极电离粉尘传感器 |
CN101832968B (zh) * | 2010-04-01 | 2012-03-28 | 郑州光力科技股份有限公司 | β粒子三极电离粉尘传感器 |
CN102853489A (zh) * | 2011-06-27 | 2013-01-02 | 大金工业株式会社 | 空调机 |
CN102853489B (zh) * | 2011-06-27 | 2014-10-22 | 大金工业株式会社 | 空调机 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE59812617D1 (de) | 2005-04-07 |
JP2002510240A (ja) | 2002-04-02 |
WO1998056489A1 (de) | 1998-12-17 |
ES2239397T3 (es) | 2005-09-16 |
ATE289857T1 (de) | 2005-03-15 |
PT989901E (pt) | 2005-06-30 |
AU739503B2 (en) | 2001-10-11 |
CN1182909C (zh) | 2005-01-05 |
PL190125B1 (pl) | 2005-11-30 |
CA2286856A1 (en) | 1998-12-17 |
AU8530898A (en) | 1998-12-30 |
PL337280A1 (en) | 2000-08-14 |
DK0989901T3 (da) | 2005-06-27 |
EP0989901B1 (de) | 2005-03-02 |
EP0989901A1 (de) | 2000-04-05 |
US6375721B1 (en) | 2002-04-23 |
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