CN1252068C - 作为伤害感受蛋白受体orl-1优良配体的杂芳基衍生物 - Google Patents
作为伤害感受蛋白受体orl-1优良配体的杂芳基衍生物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1252068C CN1252068C CNB028220226A CN02822022A CN1252068C CN 1252068 C CN1252068 C CN 1252068C CN B028220226 A CNB028220226 A CN B028220226A CN 02822022 A CN02822022 A CN 02822022A CN 1252068 C CN1252068 C CN 1252068C
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- 229950003420 efletirizine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229960003449 epinastine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WHWZLSFABNNENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N epinastine Chemical compound C1C2=CC=CC=C2C2CN=C(N)N2C2=CC=CC=C21 WHWZLSFABNNENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960005139 epinephrine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PQLFROTZSIMBKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl carbonochloridate Chemical compound ClC(=O)OC=C PQLFROTZSIMBKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCPOCMMGKBZWSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 3-hydrazinyl-3-oxopropanoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC(=O)NN HCPOCMMGKBZWSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229960003592 fexofenadine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- RWTNPBWLLIMQHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N fexofenadine Chemical compound C1=CC(C(C)(C(O)=O)C)=CC=C1C(O)CCCN1CCC(C(O)(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)CC1 RWTNPBWLLIMQHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003818 flash chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960002146 guaifenesin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007902 hard capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960001340 histamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 229960000930 hydroxyzine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZQDWXGKKHFNSQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyzine Chemical compound C1CN(CCOCCO)CCN1C(C=1C=CC(Cl)=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZQDWXGKKHFNSQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005457 ice water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003405 ileum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- MZCJWLAXZRFUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N impentamine Chemical compound NCCCCCC1=CN=CN1 MZCJWLAXZRFUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940039009 isoproterenol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001786 isothiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000842 isoxazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ZCGOMHNNNFPNMX-KYTRFIICSA-N levocabastine Chemical compound C1([C@@]2(C(O)=O)CCN(C[C@H]2C)[C@@H]2CC[C@@](CC2)(C#N)C=2C=CC(F)=CC=2)=CC=CC=C1 ZCGOMHNNNFPNMX-KYTRFIICSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001120 levocabastine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004895 liquid chromatography mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- UBJFKNSINUCEAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;2-methylpropane Chemical compound [Li+].C[C-](C)C UBJFKNSINUCEAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006210 lotion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004199 lung function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229960001708 magnesium carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960001474 meclozine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960000582 mepyramine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- YECBIJXISLIIDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N mepyramine Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1CN(CCN(C)C)C1=CC=CC=N1 YECBIJXISLIIDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LMOINURANNBYCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N metaproterenol Chemical compound CC(C)NCC(O)C1=CC(O)=CC(O)=C1 LMOINURANNBYCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003955 mianserin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229950008866 mifentidine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960001144 mizolastine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960005127 montelukast Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GOZUADYOHPCXLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-(1h-imidazol-5-yl)phenyl]-n'-propan-2-ylmethanimidamide Chemical compound C1=CC(NC=NC(C)C)=CC=C1C1=CN=CN1 GOZUADYOHPCXLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960005016 naphazoline Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960004398 nedocromil Drugs 0.000 description 1
- RQTOOFIXOKYGAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N nedocromil Chemical compound CCN1C(C(O)=O)=CC(=O)C2=C1C(CCC)=C1OC(C(O)=O)=CC(=O)C1=C2 RQTOOFIXOKYGAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229950009470 noberastine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000009871 nonspecific binding Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002674 ointment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002657 orciprenaline Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000001672 ovary Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000825 pharmaceutical preparation Substances 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004592 phthalazinyl group Chemical group C1(=NN=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229950010674 picumast Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000902 placebo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940068196 placebo Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013641 positive control Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960004583 pranlukast Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UAJUXJSXCLUTNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pranlukast Chemical compound C=1C=C(OCCCCC=2C=CC=CC=2)C=CC=1C(=O)NC(C=1)=CC=C(C(C=2)=O)C=1OC=2C=1N=NNN=1 UAJUXJSXCLUTNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002953 preparative HPLC Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960003910 promethazine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ALDITMKAAPLVJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-1-ene;hydrate Chemical group O.CC=C ALDITMKAAPLVJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene glycol Substances CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JCRIVQIOJSSCQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylhexedrine Chemical compound CNC(C)CC1CCCCC1 JCRIVQIOJSSCQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000786 propylhexedrine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940076376 protein agonist Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KWGRBVOPPLSCSI-WCBMZHEXSA-N pseudoephedrine Chemical compound CN[C@@H](C)[C@@H](O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWGRBVOPPLSCSI-WCBMZHEXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003908 pseudoephedrine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003217 pyrazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PBMFSQRYOILNGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridazine Chemical compound C1=CC=NN=C1 PBMFSQRYOILNGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002294 quinazolinyl group Chemical group N1=C(N=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005493 quinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940044551 receptor antagonist Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002464 receptor antagonist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000005962 receptors Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108020003175 receptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960002052 salbutamol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960004017 salmeterol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PGKXDIMONUAMFR-AREMUKBSSA-N saredutant Chemical compound C([C@H](CN(C)C(=O)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=CC=1)CN(CC1)CCC1(NC(C)=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 PGKXDIMONUAMFR-AREMUKBSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000020341 sensory perception of pain Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940074386 skatole Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;9,10-dioxoanthracene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LMBFAGIMSUYTBN-MPZNNTNKSA-N teixobactin Chemical compound C([C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H]1C(N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C[C@@H]2NC(=N)NC2)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)O[C@H]1C)[C@@H](C)CC)=O)NC)C1=CC=CC=C1 LMBFAGIMSUYTBN-MPZNNTNKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950005829 temelastine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960000195 terbutaline Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960000351 terfenadine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MFPWEWYKQYMWRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl carboxy carbonate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)OC(O)=O MFPWEWYKQYMWRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DCYAZECOQNZWBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl n-(2-bromopyridin-4-yl)carbamate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)NC1=CC=NC(Br)=C1 DCYAZECOQNZWBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJORNXNYWNIWEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrozoline hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.N1CCN=C1C1C2=CC=CC=C2CCC1 BJORNXNYWNIWEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000278 theophylline Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000000335 thiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002088 tosyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1C([H])([H])[H])S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WTFFOOAJSDVASL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl(pyrimidin-2-yl)stannane Chemical compound CCCC[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)C1=NC=CC=N1 WTFFOOAJSDVASL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LYCLDHXYCXTOCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl-(4-chloropyrimidin-2-yl)stannane Chemical compound CCCC[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)C1=NC=CC(Cl)=N1 LYCLDHXYCXTOCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003223 tripelennamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UCPYLLCMEDAXFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphosgene Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)OC(=O)OC(Cl)(Cl)Cl UCPYLLCMEDAXFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001128 triprolidine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CBEQULMOCCWAQT-WOJGMQOQSA-N triprolidine Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1C(\C=1N=CC=CC=1)=C/CN1CCCC1 CBEQULMOCCWAQT-WOJGMQOQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960000833 xylometazoline Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960004764 zafirlukast Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MWLSOWXNZPKENC-SSDOTTSWSA-N zileuton Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC([C@H](N(O)C(N)=O)C)=CC2=C1 MWLSOWXNZPKENC-SSDOTTSWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960005332 zileuton Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D451/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 8-azabicyclo [3.2.1] octane, 9-azabicyclo [3.3.1] nonane, or 3-oxa-9-azatricyclo [3.3.1.0<2,4>] nonane ring systems, e.g. tropane or granatane alkaloids, scopolamine; Cyclic acetals thereof
- C07D451/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 8-azabicyclo [3.2.1] octane, 9-azabicyclo [3.3.1] nonane, or 3-oxa-9-azatricyclo [3.3.1.0<2,4>] nonane ring systems, e.g. tropane or granatane alkaloids, scopolamine; Cyclic acetals thereof containing not further condensed 8-azabicyclo [3.2.1] octane or 3-oxa-9-azatricyclo [3.3.1.0<2,4>] nonane ring systems, e.g. tropane; Cyclic acetals thereof
- C07D451/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing 8-azabicyclo [3.2.1] octane, 9-azabicyclo [3.3.1] nonane, or 3-oxa-9-azatricyclo [3.3.1.0<2,4>] nonane ring systems, e.g. tropane or granatane alkaloids, scopolamine; Cyclic acetals thereof containing not further condensed 8-azabicyclo [3.2.1] octane or 3-oxa-9-azatricyclo [3.3.1.0<2,4>] nonane ring systems, e.g. tropane; Cyclic acetals thereof with hetero atoms directly attached in position 3 of the 8-azabicyclo [3.2.1] octane or in position 7 of the 3-oxa-9-azatricyclo [3.3.1.0<2,4>] nonane ring system
- C07D451/06—Oxygen atoms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
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- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
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- A61P25/22—Anxiolytics
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- A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
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Abstract
公开了新的式(I)化合物,其中R是任选取代的杂芳基或(a);R1是H或C1-C6烷基;和R2和R3是-CH3,-OCH3或卤素;或它们的药学可接受的盐或溶剂化物,其药物组合物,和所述化合物在治疗疼痛,焦虑,咳嗽,哮喘,抑郁症和酒精滥用中的用途。
Description
背景技术:
本发明涉及可用于治疗咳嗽,疼痛,焦虑,哮喘,酒精滥用或抑郁症的伤害感受蛋白(nociceptin)受体ORL-1激动剂8-(双(卤代苯基)甲基)-3-杂芳基-8-氮杂双环-[3.2.1]辛-3-醇和它们的衍生物。也公开了包括该化合物的药物组合物和所要求的化合物与用于治疗咳嗽,变态反应或哮喘症状的其它试剂的联合药物形式。
在US 6,262,066 B1和WO 01/07050中一般地、而不是具体地公开了8-(双(卤代苯基)甲基)-3-杂芳基-8-氮杂双环-[3.2.1]辛-3-醇可有效用于治疗咳嗽,疼痛,焦虑,哮喘,酒精滥用或抑郁症。本发明的化合物是对US 6,262,066 B1和WO 01/07050的选择发明。
发明概述
本发明的化合物由式I代表:
或它们的药学可接受的盐,其中
R是R4-杂芳基或
R1是H或C1-C6烷基;
R2和R3独立地选自:-CH3,-OCH3,氟,氯,溴和碘;
R4是1到4个独立地选自下面的取代基:H,卤素,(C1-C6)烷基,-CN,-CF3,-OCF3,-(CH2)n-OR5,-(CH2)n-NR5R6,-(CH2)n-NHSO2R5,-(CH2)n-NH(CH2)2NR5R6,-(CH2)n-NHC(O)NR5R7,-(CH2)n-NH(CH2)2OR5和1-哌嗪基;
n是0,1,2或3;
R5和R6独立地选自H和C1-C3烷基;和
R7是H,C1-C3烷基或氨基(C1-C3)烷基。
在另一个方面,本发明涉及包括至少一种式I化合物和药学可接受的载体的药物组合物。
本发明的化合物是ORL-1受体激动剂,因此,在另一个方面,本发明涉及一种治疗疼痛,焦虑,咳嗽,哮喘,酒精滥用或抑郁症的方法,包括给药需要这样治疗的哺乳动物有效量的至少一种式I化合物。
在另一方面,本发明涉及一种治疗咳嗽的方法,包括给予需要这样的治疗的哺乳动物:(a)有效量的至少一种式I化合物;和(b)有效量的治疗咳嗽,变态反应或哮喘症状的一种或多种选自下面的其它试剂:抗组胺剂,5-脂氧合酶抑制剂,白细胞三烯抑制剂,H3抑制剂,β-肾上腺素能受体激动剂,黄嘌呤衍生物,α-肾上腺素能受体激动剂,肥大细胞稳定剂,镇咳药,祛痰药,NK1、NK2和NK3速激肽受体拮抗剂,和GABAB激动剂。
在另一个方面,本发明还涉及一种药物组合物,包括至少一种式I化合物和一或多种选自下面的另外的试剂:抗组胺剂,5-脂氧合酶抑制剂,白细胞三烯抑制剂,H3抑制剂,β-肾上腺素能受体激动剂,黄嘌呤衍生物,α-肾上腺素能受体激动剂,肥大细胞稳定剂,镇咳药,祛痰药,NK1、NK2和NK3速激肽受体拮抗剂,和GABAB激动剂。
发明的详细说明
参照上面的式I,本发明优选的化合物是其中R2和R3在苯环的2-位的化合物。也优选其中每个R2和R3选自相同的卤原子的化合物。更优选其中R2是氯和R3是氯的化合物,最优选其中R2是2-氯和R3是2-氯的化合物。
也优选其中R是R4-杂芳基的化合物,其中杂芳基是吡啶基,嘧啶基,吡嗪基,哒嗪基,咪唑基,吡唑基或吲哚基,特别是2-吡啶基或2-嘧啶基。R4优选的定义是氢,(C1-C6)烷基,-OR5和1-哌嗪基。R更优选的定义是2-嘧啶基,5-乙基-2-嘧啶基,4-(1-哌嗪基)-2-嘧啶基,2-吡啶基和6-甲氧基-2-吡啶基。
R1优选H或-CH3,更优选是H。
下面的单独的化合物是特别优选的化合物:
式I的化合物的优选的适应症是治疗咳嗽。
本文中所使用的下面的术语,除非另有陈述,按照以下定义使用:
卤素代表氟,氯,溴和碘;
杂芳基代表具有1,2或3个独立地选自O,S或N的杂原子的5或6个原子的环芳香基或9到10个原子的双环芳香基团,所述杂原子中断了碳环结构并具有足够的离域pi电子数以提供芳香性,条件是这些环不含有相邻的氧和/或硫原子。氮原子可以形成N-氧化物。包括全部区域异构体,例如,2-吡啶基,3-吡啶基和4-吡啶基。典型的6-元杂芳基基团是吡啶基,嘧啶基,吡嗪基,哒嗪基和其N-氧化物。典型的5-元杂芳基环是呋喃基,噻吩基,吡咯基,噻唑基,异噻唑基,咪唑基,吡唑基和异噁唑基。双环基团典型地是衍生自上述杂芳基的与苯稠合的环体系,例如喹啉基,酞嗪基,喹唑啉基,苯并呋喃基,苯并噻吩基和吲哚基。杂芳基环可以被1-4个R4基团取代,其中在所述杂芳基基团中的任何可获得的可发生取代的碳或氮原子都可以任选和独立地被取代。
某些本发明的化合物可以以不同的立体异构的形式存在(例如,对映体,非对映异构体和阻转异构体)。本发明包括以纯净的形式和以混合物的形式的所有这些立体异构体,包括外消旋混合物。
某些化合物在自然界中可能是酸性,例如那些具有羧基或酚羟基的化合物。这些化合物可以形成药学可接受的盐。这种盐的实例包括钠、钾、钙、铝、金和银盐。还包括与药学可接受的胺比如氨,烷基胺,羟基烷基胺,N-甲基葡糖胺等等形成的盐。
某些碱性化合物也形成药学可接受的盐,例如,酸加成盐。例如,吡啶氮原子可以与强酸形成盐,而具有碱性取代基比如氨基的化合物还与较弱的酸形成盐。对于形成盐的适宜的酸的例子为盐酸,硫酸,磷酸,乙酸,柠檬酸,草酸,丙二酸,水杨酸,苹果酸,富马酸,琥珀酸,抗坏血酸,马来酸,甲磺酸及其它本领域技术人员熟知的无机酸和羧酸。盐可通过使游离碱形式的化合物与足量成盐所需的酸以常规方式接触而制备。游离碱形式可以通过用适宜的稀碱水溶液比如稀NaOH、碳酸钾、氨和碳酸氢钠水溶液处理盐来加以再生恢复。游离碱形式与它们的各种盐形式在某些物理性质上多少有些不同,如在极性溶剂中的溶解性,但就本发明目的而言,这些酸和碱的盐与它们的相应游离碱形式却是相当的。
在本发明的范围内,所有这样的酸和碱的盐是指药学可接受的盐,且所有酸和碱的盐被认为是与用于本发明目的的相应的化合物的游离的形式是相当的。
本发明的化合物可以通过已知的方法由本领域已知的或通过本领域已知的方法制备的起始原料制备的。
制备其中R1是H的式Ia的化合物的典型的方法包括使式II的8-[双(卤代苯基)甲基]-8-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛-3-酮与杂芳基锂衍生物反应:
式II的原料可以根据下面的反应路线制备:
式II的化合物可以通过在碱比如K2CO3存在下,在溶剂比如CH3CN中,在80℃下用二苯基-溴甲烷衍生物IV将哌啶衍生物III烷基化来制备。式III和IV的化合物是已知的或可以通过已知的方法制备的。
在下面举例说明的本发明的化合物和其制备起始原料将不应被看作是对公开范围的限制。
下面的溶剂和试剂在本文中与缩写表示的对照:四氢呋喃(THF);乙醇(EtOH);甲醇(MeOH);乙酸乙酯(EtOAc);二异丙基氨化锂(lithium diisopropyl amide)(LDA);三乙胺(Et3N)和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)。室温缩写为RT。
制备例1
8-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛-3-酮,盐酸盐
在0℃下向托品酮(10g,71.84mmol)的二氯乙烷(200毫升)溶液中滴加加入氯甲酸α-氯乙基酯(15.4g,108mmol)。加热反应到回流,回流2小时。蒸干溶剂,得到褐色的残余物。将残余物在MeOH(200毫升)中溶解并将其加热回流2小时。蒸干MeOH,在EtOAc中搅拌该固体,过滤,收集固体并用乙醚洗涤,得到产物(7克)。粗产品可不经进一步提纯而使用。1H NMR(CDCl3)δ4.45(s,br,2H),3.35(dd,2H),2.58(d,2H),2.49(dd,2H),2.0(m,2H)。
制备例2
双(2-氯苯基)-溴甲烷
步骤1:
在室温下向2,2′-二氯二苯甲酮(5g,19.9mmol)的MeOH(40毫升)溶液中加入NaBH4(1.5克,39.82mmol)并搅拌2小时。用水猝灭反应,用1N HCl中和并除去MeOH。将残余物用EtOAc提取,用盐水洗涤,用MgSO4干燥,并浓缩,得到目标化合物(5克)的白色固体,可不经提纯而用来作下一步反应。
1H NMR(CDCl3)δ7.45(m,4H),7.35(m,4H),6.60(d,1H),2.58(d,1H,OH)。
步骤2:
在CH2Cl2中在0℃下用SOBr2(30.11g,144.85mmol)处理步骤1的产物(20.36g,80.47mmol),并将其在室温搅拌过夜。将反应用冰和NaHCO3(水溶液)猝灭,用CH2Cl2提取,干燥并过滤。除去溶剂,制得目标的溴化物(23.6克)。
1H NMR(CDCl3)δ7.6(d,2H),7.4(d,2H),7.13(m,4H),7.0(s,1H)。
制备例3
8-[双(2-氯苯基)甲基]-8-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛-3-酮
将制备例1(26克,161mmol)和制备例2(53克,168mmol)的产物和K2CO3(110克,796mmol)在无水CH3CN(410毫升)中加热到80℃,加热80小时。将反应混合物冷却到室温并过滤。蒸干溶剂,将固体通过快速柱色谱法纯化(4%,7%EtOAc/己烷),获得目标化合物。1HNMR(CDCl3)δ7.9(d,2H),7.3(m,4H),7.2(m,2H),5.7(s,1H),3.35(s,br,2H),2.7(dd,2H),2.3(m,2H),2.2(d,2H),1.65(dd,2H)。
实施例1
8-[双(2-氯苯基)甲基]-3-(2-嘧啶基)-8-氮杂双环
[3.2.1]辛-3-醇
步骤1:
2-三丁基甲锡烷基嘧啶
根据Sandosham等人,Tetrahedron(1994),50,275-284)中描述的方法制备该化合物。由二异丙基胺(25毫升,178mmol)和n-BuLi(2.5M,70ml,175mmol)在THF(230ml)中制备新鲜的LDA。用三丁基锡氢化物(142ml,156mmol)的THF(30毫升)溶液处理LDA溶液,在0℃下滴加并在加入完毕后额外搅拌15分钟。冷却反应混合物到-78℃,滴加加入2-氯嘧啶(15g,131mmol)的THF(100毫升)溶液,并将反应混合物在-78℃下搅拌3小时,然后使反应混合物于30分钟内升温到0℃。将反应混合物倒在饱和NH4Cl水溶液中,并用EtOAc提取。合并有机层,干燥并浓缩。用柱色谱法纯化残余物,制得目标化合物的浅黄色油。1H NMR(CDCl3)δ8.65(d,2H),7.1(t,1H),1.6(m,6H),1.3(m,6H),1.1(m,6H),0.85(t,9H)。
步骤2:
在-78℃下向步骤1的产物(15克,40.6mmol)的THF(80毫升)溶液中滴加加入n-BuLi(2.5M的己烷溶液,16.5ml,41.2mmol),在此温度下维持反应45分钟。向此溶液中滴加加入制备例3的产物(6克,16.7mmol)的THF(30毫升)溶液,并将反应混合物在-78℃下额外搅拌3小时。于1.5小时内将反应混合物温热到室温。将反应混合物倒在饱和NH4Cl水溶液中,并用EtOAc提取。合并有机层,干燥并浓缩。用柱色谱法纯化残余物,制得标题化合物的浅白色固体。1H NMR(CDCl3)δ8.75(d,2H),7.96(d,2H),7.30(m,4H),7.20(t,1H),7.15(m,2H),5.59(s,1H),4.86(s,1H,0H),3.20(m,br,2H),2.60(dd,2H),2.40(dd,2H),2.24(m,2H),1.68(d,2H)。
实施例2
8-[双(2-氯苯基)甲基]-3-(5-乙基-2-嘧啶基)
-8-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛-3-醇
步骤1:
5-乙基-2-三丁基甲锡烷基嘧啶
使用实施例1,步骤1中描述的方法,使用LDA,三丁基锡氢化物(23.8克,81.78mmol)和2-氯-5-乙基嘧啶(10克,70mmol))获得目标化合物(6克)。1H NMR(CDCl3)δ8.55(s,2H),2.60(q,2H),1.55(m,6H),1.35(m,6H),1.25(t,3H),1.15(t,6H),0.85(t,9H)。
步骤2:
在-78℃下向步骤1的产物(5.9g,14.85mmol)的THF溶液中滴加加入n-BuLi(2.5M,6.5ml,16.33mmol),在-78℃下维持反应30分钟。向此反应中加入制备例3的产物(5.34克,14.85mmol)。慢慢地将反应混合物温热到室温,并在室温搅拌过夜。将反应混合物倒在饱和NH4Cl水溶液中,并用EtOAc提取。合并有机层,干燥并浓缩。用柱色谱法纯化残余物,制得标题化合物的白色固体。1H NMR(CDCl3)δ8.6(s,2H),8.0(d,2H),7.25(m,4H),7.15(m,2H),5.6(s,1H),4.85(s,1H,0H),3.2(s,br,2H),2.65(q,2H),2.60(d,2H),2.40(m,2H),2.25(m,2H),1.65(d,2H),1.30(t,3H),
实施例3
8-[双(2-氯苯基)甲基]-3-[4-(1-哌嗪基)-2-嘧啶基]
-8-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛-3-醇
步骤1:
4-氯-2-三丁基甲锡烷基嘧啶
使用实施例1,步骤1中描述的方法,使用LDA,三丁基锡氢化物(10.8g,37.2mmol)和2,4-二氯嘧啶(5.2克,34.9mmol)获得目标化合物(6.3克)。1H NMR(CDCl3)δ8.52(d,1H),7.18(d,1H),1.58(m,6H),1.30(q,6H),1.18(t,6H),0.86(t,9H)。
步骤2:
8-[双(2-氯苯基)甲基]-3-(4-氯-2-嘧啶基)-8-氮杂双环-[3.2.1]辛-3-醇
在-78℃下向步骤1的产物(6.3克,16.2mmol)的THF(30ml)溶液中滴加加入n-BuLi(2.5m,8.0ml,20.0mmol),在此温度下维持反应30分钟。向此反应中加入制备例3的产物(4.0克,11.1mmol)。慢慢地将反应混合物温热到室温,并在室温搅拌过夜。将反应混合物倒在饱和NH4Cl水溶液中,并用EtOAc提取。合并有机层,干燥并浓缩。用柱色谱法纯化残余物,制得标题化合物的浅棕色泡沫。1HNMR(CDCl3)δ8.61(d,1H),7.93(d,2H),7.25(m,5H),7.12(m,2H),5.65(s,1H),4.33(s,1H,0H),3.18(s,br,2H),2.58(dd,2H),2.33(m,2H),2.13(m,2H),1.65(d,br,2H)。
步骤3:
在室温下向步骤2的产物(25毫克,0.05mmol)的EtOH(4毫升)溶液中加入哌嗪(20毫克,0.23mmol)。将反应混合物在80℃下搅拌过夜。提取和纯化,制得标题化合物(20mg)。1H NMR(CDCl3)δ8.24(d,1H),7.93(d,2H),7.26(d,2H),7.22(t,2H),7.10(t,2H),6.33(d,1H),5.64(s,1H),3.67(s,br,4H),3.15(s,br,2H),2.95(m,4H),2.59(dd,2H),2.34(m,2H),2.17(m,2H),1.57(d,br,2H)。
实施例4
8-[双(2-氯苯基)甲基]-3-(2-吡啶基)-8-
氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛-3-醇
在-78℃下向2-溴吡啶(0.50克,3.10mmol)的THF(1毫升)溶液中滴加加入n-BuLi(2.5M的己烷溶液,1.5ml,3.8mmol),并搅拌1小时。向此溶液中滴加加入制备例3的产物(0.5克,1.4mmol)的THF(1.5毫升)溶液,并将反应混合物在-78℃下额外搅拌3.5小时。于1小时内将反应混合物温热到0℃,将反应混合物倒在饱和NH4Cl水溶液中,并用EtOAc提取。合并有机层,干燥并浓缩。用柱色谱法纯化残余物,制得标题化合物的浅黄色固体(400毫克)。1H NMR(CDCl3)δ8.49(d,1H),7.92(d,2H),7.76(t,1H),7.61(d,1H),7.28(m,4H),7.16(m,3H),5.65(s,1H),5.54(s,1H,0H),3.18(s,br,2H),2.41(m,2H),2.32(dd,2H),2.21(m,2H),1.72(d,br,2H)。
实施例5
8-[双(2-氯苯基)甲基]-3-(6-甲氧基-2-吡啶基)
-8-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛-3-醇
在-78℃下向2-溴-6-甲氧基吡啶(700毫克,3.7mmol)的THF(2毫升)溶液中滴加加入n-BuLi(2.5M的己烷溶液,1.5ml,3.8mmol),并搅拌0.5小时。向此溶液中滴加加入制备例3的产物(600毫克,1.7mmol)的THF(3毫升)溶液,并将反应混合物在-78℃下额外搅拌1小时。于2.5小时内将反应混合物温热到0℃。将反应混合物倒在饱和NH4Cl水溶液中,并用EtOAc提取。合并有机层,干燥并浓缩。用柱色谱法纯化残余物,制得标题化合物(0.5克)。1H NMR(CDCl3)δ7.90(d,2H),7.65(t,1H),7.31(d,2H),7.26(t,2H),7.13(m,3H),6.63(d,1H),5.64(s,1H),5.15(s,1H,0H),3.96(s,3H),3.17(s,br,2H),2.33(m,4H),2.21(m,2H),1.74(d,br,2H)。
实施例6
8-[双(2-氯苯基)甲基]-3-甲氧基-3-(2-嘧啶基)
-8-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷
在0℃下用NaH(30毫克,0.75mmol)在THF(3ml)和DMF(1毫升)中处理实施例1的产物(300毫克,O.68mmol),处理30分钟。加入CH3I并将反应混合物温热至室温。搅拌过夜后,将反应混合物用水猝灭,用EtOAc提取,用盐水洗涤,干燥并浓缩。用柱色谱法纯化得到的残余物,获得标题化合物(0.25g)。1H NMR(CDCl3)δ8.77(d,2H),7.83(d,2H),7.27(d,2H),7.18(m,3H),7.10(t,2H),5.54(s,1H),3.15(s,br,2H),2.99(s,3H),2.38(dd,2H),2.12(m,6H)。
实施例7
8-[双(2-氯苯基)甲基]-3-(1H-吡唑-5-基)-8-
氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛-3-醇
在室温下向在水中(4毫升)的吡唑(0.68克,10mmol)中加入甲醛(37%wt,1.5ml,50mmol),在室温下搅拌过夜。用CH2Cl2提取,干燥(Na2SO4)并浓缩,得到1-羟甲基吡唑。在-78℃下向1-羟甲基吡唑(129毫克,1.31mmol)的THF(2毫升)溶液中加入新制备的LDA(2.63mmol),并在-20℃下搅拌40分钟。冷却到-78℃。向此溶液中滴加加入制备例3的产物(236毫克,0.65mmol)的THF(30毫升)溶液,并将反应混合物在-78℃下额外搅拌2小时。将反应混合物温热到室温,并搅拌过夜。将反应混合物倒在饱和NH4Cl水溶液中,并用乙醚提取。合并有机层,干燥,过滤并浓缩。用制备性薄层色谱法和HPLC纯化残余物,制得标题化合物(25毫克)。1H NMR(CDCl3)δ8.2(s,br,2H),8.05(d,2H),7.25-7.40(m,6H),7.20(t,2H),6.2(s,br,1H),5.9(s,1H),3.2(s,br,2H),2.55(d,2H),2.41(dd,2H),2.3(m,2H),1.95(d,2H)。
实施例8
8-[双(2-氯苯基)甲基]-3-(1-甲基-吡唑-5-基)
-8-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛-3-醇
在0℃下向实施例8(70毫克,0.164mmol)的THF溶液中加入NaH(9.84mg,0.246mmol),并搅拌30分钟。加入CH3I(34.89毫克,0.246mmol),升温至室温并搅拌过夜。将反应混合物用饱和NH4Cl水溶液猝灭,用EtOAc提取,干燥(Na2SO4),过滤并浓缩。用制备性薄层色谱法色谱法纯化残余物,制得标题化合物(51mg)。1H NMR(CDCl3)δ7.85(d,2H),7.3(m,6H),7.15(t,2H),6.21(s,1H),5.6(s,1H),3.85(s,3H),3.15(s,br,2H),2.6(s,1H),2.2-2.4(m,6H),1.85(d,2H)。
实施例9
8-[双(2-氯苯基)甲基]-3-(1-甲基-1H-吲哚-2-基)
-8-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛-3-醇
在-20℃下向1-甲基吲哚(67毫克,0.51mmol)的THF(2毫升)溶液中滴加加入n-BuLi(1.6M的己烷溶液,0.32毫升,0.51mmol),升温至室温,搅拌3.5小时并冷却到-78℃。向此反应中加入制备例3的产物(92毫克,0.26mmol)的THF(2ml)溶液。将反应混合物温热到室温,并搅拌1.5小时。将反应混合物倒在饱和NH4Cl水溶液中,并用EtOAc提取。合并有机层,干燥并浓缩。用制备性薄层色谱法色谱法纯化残余物,制得标题化合物(5mg)。1H NMR(CDCl3)δ7.80(d,2H),7.60(d,1H),7.05-7.35(m,9H),6.45(s,1H),5.55(s,1H),3.20(s,br,2H),2.55(dd,2H),2.15(br,s,4H),2.1(d,2H)。
实施例10
8-[双(2-氯苯基)甲基]-3-(1-甲基-1H-咪唑-2-基)
-8-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛-3-醇
在-78℃下向1-甲基咪唑(0.15克,1.88mmol)的THF(2毫升)溶液中滴加加入n-BuLi(2.5M的己烷溶液,0.60ml,1.50mmol),并搅拌1.5小时。向此溶液中滴加加入制备例3的产物(0.20克,0.55mmol)的THF(2毫升)溶液,并将反应混合物在-78℃下额外搅拌2小时。将反应混合物温热到环境温度过夜,将反应混合物倒在饱和NH4Cl水溶液中,并用EtOAc提取。合并有机层,干燥并浓缩。用柱色谱法纯化残余物,制得标题化合物的浅黄色固体(80毫克)。1HNMR(CDCl3)δ7.79(d,2H),7.27(d,2H),7.18(t,2H),7.10(t,2H),6.63(d,2H),5.48(s,1H),3.74(s,3H),3.08(br s,2H),2.45(d,2H),2.14(m,4H),1.81(d,2H)。
实施例11
8-[双(2-氯苯基)甲基]-3-(3-哒嗪基)
-8-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛-3-醇
在-78℃下向2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶(1.67克,11.9mmol)的THF(40毫升)溶液中滴加加入n-BuLi(2.5M的己烷溶液,4.8ml,12.0mmol),并搅拌0.5小时。用0.5小时将反应混合物温热到0℃。冷却反应混合物到-78℃,滴加加入哒嗪(0.94g,11.7mmol)的THF(5毫升)溶液,并将反应混合物在-78℃下搅拌15分钟。向此溶液中滴加加入制备例3的产物(1.0克,2.8mmol)的THF(5毫升)溶液,并将反应混合物在-78℃下额外搅拌1小时。将反应混合物温热到环境温度过夜。将反应混合物倒在饱和NH4Cl水溶液中,并用EtOAc提取。合并有机层,干燥并浓缩。用柱色谱法纯化残余物,制得标题化合物(300mg)。1HNMR(CDCl3)δ9.10(dd,1H),7.87(d,2H),7.81(dd,1H),7.53(dd,1H),7.29(d,2H),7.26(t,2H),7.14(t,2H),5.62(s,1H),4.71(br s,1H),3.20(br s,2H),2.38(m,4H),2.23(m,2H),1.80(d,2H)。
实施例12
8-[双(2-氯苯基)甲基]-3(2-吡嗪基)-8-
氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛-3-醇
在-50℃下向碘吡嗪(1.0克,4.9mmol)的乙醚(20毫升)溶液中滴加加入t-BuLi(1.7M的戊烷溶液,6.0ml,10.2mmol),并搅拌0.5小时。向此溶液中滴加加入制备例3的产物(1.0克,2.8mmol)的THF(4毫升)溶液,并将反应混合物在-50℃下额外搅拌1.5小时。将反应混合物温热到环境温度过夜。将反应混合物倒在饱和NH4Cl水溶液中,并用EtOAc提取。合并有机层,干燥并浓缩。用柱色谱法纯化残余物,制得标题化合物(400mg)。1H NMR(CDCl3)δ8.96(s,1H),8.47(m,2H),7.89(d,2H),7.29(d,2H),7.27(t,2H),7.14(t,2H),5.63(s,1H),4.34(s,1H),3.20(br s,2H),2.37(m,4H),2.22(m,2H),1.76(d,2H)。
实施例13
8-[双(2-氯苯基)甲基]-3-(4-嘧啶基)
-8-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛-3-醇
步骤1:
8-[双(2-氯苯基)甲基]-3-(5-溴-4-嘧啶基)-8-氮杂双环-[3.2.1]辛-3-醇
向5-溴嘧啶(450毫克,2.77mmol)和制备例3的产物(1克,2.77mmol)的THF(5毫升)溶液中滴加加入在THF(5毫升)中的、预冷的(干冰)、新制备的LDA(2.77mmol),并在室温搅拌过夜。将反应用冰-水猝灭,用EtOAc提取,干燥,过滤并浓缩。用柱色谱法纯化残余物,制得目标化合物(187毫克)。
步骤2:
在林德拉(Lindlar)催化剂的存在下于1atm下将步骤1的产物(22毫克)在CH3OH-EtOAc(1∶1,10毫升)和NH3/CH3OH(7N,1毫升)中氢化2小时,过滤并浓缩,制得标题化合物。1H NMR(CDCl3)δ9.15(s,1H),8.70(d,1H),8.00(m,2H),7.80(d,1H),7.25(m,4H),7.19(t,2H),5.61(s,1H),3.15(br s,2H),2.50(dd,2H),2.25(m,4H),1.65(d,2H)。
实施例14
8-[双(2-氯苯基)甲基]-3-(5-溴-2-吡啶基)
-8-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛-3-醇
在-78℃下向2,5-二溴吡啶(501毫克,2.12mmol)的甲苯(13毫升)溶液中加入BuLi(1.6M的己烷溶液,1.59ml,2.54mmol),并搅拌2小时。在-78℃下加入制备例3的产物(501毫克,2.12mmol)的甲苯(2毫升)溶液,并搅拌3小时。升温至室温,用饱和NH4Cl水溶液猝灭,用CH2Cl2提取,干燥并浓缩。用制备性薄层色谱法色谱法和HPLC纯化残余物,得到标题化合物。1H NMR(CDCl3)δ8.59(s,1H),7.85(m,3H),7.50(d,1H),7.25(m,4H),7.19(t,2H),5.61(s,1H),4.85(s,1H),3.20(brs,2H),2.15-2.40(m,4H),1.75(d,2H)。
实施例15
[2-[[[[[6-[8-[双(2-氯苯基)甲基]-3-羟基-8-氮杂
双环[3.2.1]-辛-3-基]-2-吡啶基]甲基]氨基]
羰基]氨基]乙基]氨基甲酸1,1-二甲基乙基酯
步骤1:
2-溴-6-羟甲基吡啶
在0℃向6-溴-2-吡啶羧基醛(6-bromo-2-pyridinecarboxyla ldehyde)(5.32克,28.58mmol)和CH3OH中加入NaBH4(1.46克,38.58mmol),并在0℃下搅拌1小时,用CH2Cl2提取,用Na2SO4干燥并浓缩,得到目标化合物。
步骤2:
2-溴-6-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷氧基甲基)吡啶
在室温下向步骤1的产物(5.54克,29.46mmol)和叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氯化物(4.97克,32.99mmol)的CH2Cl2(60毫升)溶液中加入咪唑(3.01克,44.19mmol),并搅拌过夜。过滤反应混合物,并将滤液浓缩。用柱色谱法纯化残余物,得到目标化合物。
步骤3:
8-[双(2-氯苯基)甲基]-3-(6-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷氧基甲基)-2-吡啶基)-8-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛-3-醇
在-78℃下向步骤2的产物(3.29克,10.88mmol)的THF(5毫升)溶液中加入n-BuLi(1.6M的己烷溶液,7.2ml,11.49mmol),并搅拌1小时。在-78℃下加入制备例3的产物(1.84克,5.11mmol)的THF(14毫升)溶液,并慢慢地升温至0℃(~2小时)。用饱和NH4Cl水溶液将反应混合物猝灭,用EtOAc提取,干燥并浓缩。用柱色谱法纯化残余物,得到目标化合物。
步骤4:
8-[双(2-氯苯基)甲基]-3-(6-(羟基甲基)-2-吡啶基)-8-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛-3-醇
在室温下向步骤3的产物(2.34克,4.01mmol)的THF(30毫升)溶液中加入四丁基氟化铵(2.1克,8.04mmol),并搅拌过夜。用饱和NaHCO3水溶液将反应混合物猝灭,用EtOAc提取,用Na2SO4干燥并浓缩。用柱色谱法纯化残余物,得到目标化合物。
步骤5:
3-[6-(叠氮基甲基)-2-吡啶基]-8-[双(2-氯苯基)甲基]-8-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛-3-醇
在0℃下将二苯基磷酰基叠氮化物(272毫克,0.99mmol)和1,8-二氮杂双环-[5,4,0]十一-7-烯(150毫克,0.99mmol)加入到步骤4的产物(404毫克,0.86mmol)中,搅拌20分钟。温热到室温,然后在50℃下搅拌1小时。冷却到室温并搅拌过夜。将反应用水和饱和NH4Cl水溶液猝灭,用CH2Cl2提取,干燥并浓缩。用柱色谱法纯化残余物,得到目标化合物。
步骤6:
3-[6-(氨甲基)-2-吡啶基]-8-[双(2-氯苯基)甲基]-8-氮杂双环-[3.2.1]辛-3-醇
在7N NH3的CH3OH(1ml)液存在下向步骤5的产物(279毫克)与EtOAc和CH3OH的混合物形成的悬浮液中加入林德拉催化剂(44毫克)。将混合物在1大气压下氢化1.5小时,用硅藻土过滤,用NH3/CH3OH(3.5N)洗涤并浓缩,得到目标化合物。
步骤7:
在室温下在氩气保护下向步骤7的产物(157毫克,0.335mmol)的甲苯(10毫升)溶液中加入三光气(34.8毫克,0.117mmol)和二异丙基乙胺(222毫克,1.675mmol)。加热到120℃,并搅拌2.5小时。冷却到室温,加入N-BOC-乙二胺(65毫克,0.42mmol),并搅拌过夜。将反应用饱和NH4Cl水溶液猝灭,用EtOAc提取,用Na2SO4干燥并浓缩。用制备性薄层色谱法色谱法纯化残余物,得到标题化合物。1HNMR(CDCl3)δ7.9(d,2H),7.75(t,1H),7.25(d,1H),7.1-7.4(m,4H),5.65(s,1H),5.25(b,s,1H),4.45(d,2H),3.25(m,2H),3.1(m,4H),2.15-2.45(m,6H),1.65(d,2H)。
实施例16
N-(2-(氨乙酸)-N′-[[6-[8-[双(2-氯苯基)甲基]
-3-羟基-8-氮杂双环[3.2.1]-辛-3-基]-2-吡啶基]甲基]脲
在室温下向实施例15(53毫克)的CH2Cl2和CH3OH溶液中加入HCl(1N在乙醚中,1.0ml)并搅拌,直到LC-MS表明实施例15的化合物完全消耗,得到标题化合物的盐酸盐。ESI-MS 554.1(100,M+)。
实施例17
3-[3-(氨甲基)-2-吡啶基]-8-[双(2-氯苯基)甲基]
-8-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛-3-醇
步骤1:
2-溴-3-羟甲基吡啶
在室温下向2-溴-3-吡啶羧酸(5.63克,27.89mmol)和Et3N(2.96克,29.28mmol)的甲苯(150ml)溶液中加入氯甲酸乙酯(3.17克,29.28mmol),搅拌1小时。过滤并浓缩。将残余物溶解在THF(93ml)中,在-78℃下滴加加入LiAlH4(1.11克,29.28mmol)与THF(37mmol)的悬浮液,并搅拌30分钟。将反应用饱和NH4Cl水溶液猝灭,在室温下搅拌1小时,用硅藻土过滤,用EtOAc提取,用Na2SO4干燥并浓缩。用柱色谱法纯化残余物,制得目标化合物。
步骤2:
2-溴-3-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷氧基甲基)吡啶
按照实施例15步骤2的方法,使用2-溴-3-羟基-甲基吡啶(3.66克,19.48mmol),叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氯化物(5.87克,38.97mmol)和咪唑(3.31克,48.71mmol),得到目标化合物(6.38克)。
步骤3:
8-[双(2-氯苯基)甲基]-3-(3-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷氧基甲基)-2-吡啶基)-8-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛-3-醇
按照实施例15步骤3的方法,使用步骤2的产物(6.38克,21.1mmol),n-BuLi(1.6M的己烷溶液,14.5毫升,21.1mmol)和制备例3的产物(7.60克,21.1mmol),得到目标产物。
步骤4:
8-[双(2-氯苯基)甲基]-3-(3-羟甲基)-2-吡啶基)-8-氮杂双环-[3.2.1]辛-3-醇
按照实施例15步骤4的方法,使用步骤3的产物(12.3克,21.1mmol)和四丁基氟化铵(11g,42.2mmol),得到目标化合物。
步骤5:
3-[3-(叠氮基甲基)-2-吡啶基]-8-[双(2-氯苯基)甲基]-8-氮杂双环-[3.2.1]辛-3-醇
按照实施例15步骤5的方法,使用步骤4的产物(95.2毫克,0.213mmol),二苯基磷酰基叠氮化物(67.4毫克,0.245mmol)和1,8-二氮杂双环[5,4,0]十一-7-烯(52.96毫克,0.32mmol),得到作为副产物的目标化合物。
步骤6:
按照实施例15步骤6的方法,使用步骤5的产物(69毫克)和林德拉催化剂(7毫克),制得标题化合物。1H NMR(CDCl3)8.40(d,1H),7.95(d,2H),7.75(d,1H),7.05-7.15(m,7H),5.60(s,1H),5.25(b,s,1H),4.40(s,2H),3.20(s,br,2H),2.50(dd,2H),2.3(m,4H),1.75(d,2H)。
实施例18
8-[双(2-氯苯基)甲基]-3-[4-(甲基氨基)-2-吡啶基]
-8-氮杂双环-[3.2.1]辛-3-醇
步骤1:
2-溴-4-(叔丁氧羰基氨基)吡啶
将4-氨基-2-溴吡啶(1.00g,5.79mmol),Et3N(1.75克,17.37mmol)和二碳酸二叔丁酯(di-tert-butyl dicarbonate)(1.90克,8.69mmol)与CH2Cl2(20毫升)的混合物在室温下搅拌过夜。用CH2Cl2(10ml)稀释,用饱和NaHCO3水溶液洗涤,MgSO4干燥并浓缩。用柱色谱法纯化残余物,得到目标化合物。
步骤2:
[2-[8-[双(2-氯苯基)甲基]-3-羟基-8-氮杂双环-3.2.1]-辛-3-基]-4-吡啶基]氨基甲酸二甲基乙基酯
在-78℃下向步骤1的产物(237毫克,0.87mmol)与THF(2.7ml)中加入n-BuLi(1.6M的己烷液,1.12毫升,1.81mmol),并搅拌2小时。在-78℃下加入制备例3的产物(337毫克,0.94mmol)的THF(1毫升)溶液,并搅拌3小时,升温至室温并搅拌过夜。用饱和NH4Cl水溶液猝灭,用EtOAc提取,干燥并浓缩。用柱色谱法纯化残余物,得到目标产物。
步骤3:
在室温下向步骤2的产物(48.4毫克,0.087mmol)的二氧六环(0.5毫升)溶液中加入在二氧六环(0.5毫升)中的LiAlH4(1M的乙醚液,0.26ml,0.26mmol),并在回流下搅拌过夜。冷却到室温,加入LiAlH4(1.0M的乙醚液,0.2毫升),并在回流下搅拌5小时。将反应用水(0.05ml),NaOH水溶液(15%,0.1毫升)和水(0.05毫升)猝灭。用EtOAc稀释,过滤并浓缩。用柱色谱法纯化残余物,制得标题化合物。1H NMR(CDCl3)8.10(d,1H),7.95(d,2H),7.05-7.15(m,6H),6.75(s,1H),6.39(d,2H),5.70(s,1H),3.20(s,br,2H),2.95(s,3H),2.35(m,4H),2.2(m,br,2H),1.65(d,2H).
实施例19
3-[6-(2-氨基乙基)氨基]-2-吡啶基]-8-
[双(2-氯苯基)甲基]-8-氮杂双环-[3.2.1]辛-3-醇
步骤1:
[8-[双(2-氯苯基)甲基]-3-(6-溴-2-吡啶基)-8-氮杂双环[3.2.1]-辛-3-醇
在-78℃下向2,6-二溴吡啶(12.2克,51.5mmol)与THF(150ml)中加入n-BuLi(1.6M的已烷液,26.8毫升,42.92mmol),并搅拌2小时。在-78℃下加入制备例3的产物(9.28克,25.75mmol)的THF(50毫升)溶液,并搅拌3小时,升温至室温并搅拌过夜。用饱和NH4Cl水溶液猝灭,用EtOAc提取,干燥并浓缩。用柱色谱法纯化残余物,得到目标产物。
步骤2:
[2-[6-[8-[双(2-氯苯基)甲基]-3-羟基-8-氮杂双环[3.2.1]-辛-3-基]-2-吡啶基]氨基乙基]氨基甲酸1,1-二甲基乙基酯
在密封管中将步骤1的产物(64.5毫克,0.128mmol),N-Boc-乙二胺(123毫克,0.77mmol)和吡啶(12毫克,0.154mmol)在110℃下搅拌3.5小时。冷却至室温,加入N-Boc-乙二胺(0.3毫升),并在140℃下加热过夜。冷却到室温,将反应用水猝灭,用EtOAc提取,干燥并浓缩。用柱色谱法纯化残余物,得到目标产物。
步骤3:
在室温下向步骤2的产物(11毫克,0.018mmol)的CH2Cl2溶液中加入HCl(1N的乙醚液,0.36ml),并在室温维持24小时。加入HCl(1N的乙醚液,0.36ml),并在室温下搅拌24小时。加入另外0.36毫升HCl(1N乙醚液),并在30℃下搅拌24小时。浓缩,用乙醚处理并过滤,得到标题化合物的白色固体。ESI-MS 497.1(100,M+)。
实施例20
8-[双(2-氯苯基)甲基]-3-(1,4,5,6-四氢-2-嘧啶基)
-8-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛-3-醇
在室温下向实施例1(160毫克)的乙醇(10毫升)溶液中加入兰尼镍。加热到80℃,搅拌20小时,过滤并浓缩。用柱色谱法纯化残余物,制得标题化合物。1H NMR(CDCl3)7.85(d,2H),7.25(m,4H),7.15(t,2H),5.55(s,1H),3.40(dd,4H),3.10(s,br,2H),2.05-2.35(m,6H),2.75(q,2H),1.55(d,2H)。
式I的化合物显示出比传统的阿片样物质受体高50倍的选择性。ORL-1受体与传统的阿片样物质受体(即,μ,κ和δ)共享高度的同源性,但ORL-1受体不是通过内生的阿片样物质活化的,且内生的阿片样物质不活化ORL-1受体。可待因及其它用作咳嗽抑制剂的阿片样物质已知可活化mu-阿片样物质受体,导致副作用比如呼吸抑制,便秘,耐受性和物理依赖。ORL-1受体激动剂不活化mu-阿片样物质受体,因此预计可导致比阿片样物质更高的安全性质。
式I化合物的ORL-1受体激动剂活性,和它们在咳嗽和呼吸上的作用可以通过下面的试验测定。
伤害感受蛋白结合测定
在含有50mM HEPES(ph7.4),10mM NaCl,1mM MgCl2,2.5mMCaCl2,1mg/毫升牛血清白蛋白和0.025%杆菌肽的缓冲液中将表达ORL-1受体的CHO细胞膜制剂(2毫克)用不同浓度的[125I][Tyr14]伤害感受蛋白(3-500pM)培养。在许多研究中,测定是在缓冲液50mMtris-HCl(pH值7.4),1毫克/毫升牛血清白蛋白和0.025%杆菌肽中进行的。将样品在室温下(22℃)培养1小时。在预浸在0.1%聚乙烯亚胺中的GF/B过滤器上使用Brandell细胞收集器采集与膜结合的放射性标记的配体,并用5毫升冷的蒸馏水洗涤五次。通过在1μM伤
害感受蛋白存在下进行的类似的测定方法平行测定非特异性的结合。全部和非特异性结合的所有测定点是一式两份进行的。
使用本领域熟知的方法计算Ki。
对于本发明的化合物,所测定的Ki值在0.6到30nM范围内,优选化合物具有小于10nM的Ki值。
一些举例说明的化合物的Ki值见下面的表:
实施例# | Ki(nM) |
1 | 6.2 |
2 | 7.6 |
3 | 4.0 |
4 | 4.0 |
6 | 5.4 |
实施例# | Ki(nM) |
8 | 6.0 |
11 | 7.0 |
12 | 2.0 |
14 | 1.3 |
使用European Journal of Pharmacology,336(1997),233-242页中描述的方法,测定本发明的化合物的激动剂活性。这些化合物的激动剂活性(EC50)的测量结果在20-200nM的范围内。
咳嗽研究
根据Bolser等人的方法,评价在豚鼠中伤害感受蛋白激动剂在辣椒素-诱导的咳嗽中的作用:British Journal ofPharmacology(1995)114,735-738(还见McLeod等人,BritishJournal of Pharmacology(2001)132,1175-1178)。此模型为一种广泛使用的评价潜在的止咳药活性的方法。将禁食一夜的雄性Hartley豚鼠(350-450克,Charles River,Bloomington,MA,USA)放置在12”X14”透明容器中。使动物暴露于通过喷射式喷雾器(Puritan Bennett,Lenexa,KS,USA)产生的雾化辣椒素(300μM,4分钟)中,引起咳嗽反射。每个豚鼠仅仅置于辣椒素中一次。通过被放入到容器中的扩音器检测咳嗽的数目,并由经训练的观测者检验。来自扩音器的信号被转播至提供咳嗽数目记录的多种波动记录仪上。在雾化辣椒素之前2小时服用赋形剂(甲基纤维素1ml/千克,p.o.)或试验化合物。还测定了作为阳性对照的巴氯芬的止咳药活性(3毫克/千克,p.o.)。
呼吸测定
对体重450到550克的雄性Hartley豚鼠进行了研究。将动物禁食一夜,但可无限制地得到水。将豚鼠放置在整个躯体、头在外的体积描记器中,在动物的头上放置橡胶颈圈以提供在豚鼠和体积描记器之间的空气密封。以穿过金属丝筛网的分压来测量气流,所述金属丝筛网覆盖了体积描记器壁上的1英寸的孔。使用前置放大器电路和肺机能计算机(Buxco Electronics,Sharon,CT.XA型)将气流信号集成为与体积成比例的信号。将头室与体积描记器相连,在研究期间通过头室使来自压缩气体源(21%O2,平衡N2)的空气循环。在豚鼠呼吸这些循环空气的同时对所有的呼吸进行测定。
来自每个动物的体积信号被送入数据获取/分析体系中(BuxcoElectronics,XA型),以呼吸-呼吸为基础,计算潮流气量和呼吸速率。这些信号可被可视地显示在监视器上。以每分钟的平均值记录潮流气量和呼吸速率。
使豚鼠在体积描记器中保持30分钟。在30分钟周期结束时获得基线测定值。然后从体积描记器中取出豚鼠,口服给予试验化合物(10毫克/千克,p.o.),巴氯芬(3毫克/千克,p.o.)或一种甲基纤维素赋形剂安慰剂(2毫升/千克,p.o.)。在给药后立即将豚鼠投入体积描记器中,重新连接头室和循环空气并在治疗后30,60,90和120分钟测量呼吸变量(潮流气量(VT),呼吸速率(f)和每分呼吸量(MV=VTXf))。此研究是用ACUC规程#960103进行的。
可以给予本发明方法中的一到三个式I化合物,优选一个式I化合物。
本发明的化合物显示抗咳嗽的活性,使它们可用于抑制哺乳动物的咳嗽。就治疗哺乳动物咳嗽而言,可以将至少一种式I的伤害感受蛋白受体ORL-1激动剂与一或多种选自下列的用于治疗咳嗽、变态反应或哮喘症状的其它试剂一起给药:抗组胺剂,5-脂氧合酶抑制剂,白细胞三烯抑制剂,H3抑制剂,β-肾上腺素能受体激动剂,黄嘌呤衍生物,α-肾上腺素能受体激动剂,肥大细胞稳定剂,镇咳药,祛痰药,NK1、NK2和NK3速激肽受体拮抗剂,和GABAB激动剂。优选本发明的联用包括一种式I的化合物和1-3种其它试剂,优选1-2种其它试剂,且更优选1种其它试剂。
抗组胺剂的非限制性的例子包括:阿司咪唑,阿扎他定,氮卓斯丁,阿伐斯丁,溴苯那敏,西替利嗪(certirizine),氯苯那敏,氯马斯汀,赛克力嗪,卡瑞斯汀,塞庚啶,卡比沙明,去碳乙氧基氯雷他定(descarboethoxyloratadine)(又名SCH-34117),多西拉敏,二甲茚定,依巴斯汀,依匹斯汀,乙氟利嗪,非索非那定,羟嗪,酮替酚,氯雷他定,左卡巴斯汀,咪唑斯汀,equitazine,米安舍林,诺拉斯丁,美克洛嗪,norastemizole,匹库马特,吡拉明,普鲁米近,特非那定,特赖皮伦胺,替美斯汀,异丁嗪和曲普利啶。
H3受体拮抗剂的非限制性的例子包括:thioperamide,英普咪定,丁咪胺,clobenpropit,impentamine,咪芬替丁,S-双咪硫胍,R-双咪硫胍,SKF-91486,GR-175737,GT-2016,UCL-1199和氯氮平。其它化合物可以通过已知的方法容易地评价测定对H3受体的活性,包括豚鼠脑膜测定和豚鼠神经元回肠收缩测定,这两个测定试验均在美国专利5,352,707中有描述。另一个使用大鼠脑膜的有用的测定方法描述于:West等人,″Identification of Two-H3-Histamine ReceptorSubtypes,″Molecular Pharmacology,Vol.38,第610-613页(1990)。
术语“白细胞三烯抑制剂”包括抑制、限制、延缓白细胞三烯的作用或活性或者另外影响白细胞三烯的作用或活性的任何试剂或化合物。白细胞三烯抑制剂的非限制性实例包括孟鲁司特,[R-(E)]-1[[[1-[3-[2-(7-氯-2-喹啉基)-乙烯基]苯基]-3[2-(1-羟基-1-甲基乙基)苯基]丙基]硫基]-甲基]环丙烷乙酸和其钠盐,描述于EP 0480 717;1-(((R)-(3-(2-(6,7-二氟-2-喹啉基)乙烯基)苯基)-3-(2-(2-羟基-2-丙基)-苯基)硫基)甲基环丙烷乙酸,和其钠盐,描述于WO 97/28797和美国专利5,270,324;1-(((1(R)-3(3-(2-(2,3-二氯噻吩并[3,2-b]-吡啶-5-基)-(E)-乙烯基)苯基)-3-(2-(1-羟基-1-甲基乙基)苯基)丙基)硫基)甲基)环丙烷乙酸,和其钠盐,描述于WO 97/28797和美国专利5,472,964;普仑司特,N-[4-氧代-2-(1H-四唑-5-基)-4H-1-苯并吡喃-8-基]-对-(4-苯基丁氧基)苯甲酰胺)描述于WO 97/28797和EP 173,516;扎鲁司特,(3-[2-甲氧基-4-[(邻甲苯磺酰基)氨基甲酰基]苄基]-1-甲基-吲哚-5-氨基甲酸环戊基酯),描述于WO97/28797和EP 199,543;和[2-[[2(4-叔丁基-2-噻唑基)-5-苯并呋喃基]氧基甲基]苯基]乙酸,描述于美国专利5,296,495和日本专利JP08325265 A中。
术语“5-脂氧合酶抑制剂”或“5-LO抑制剂”包括抑制、限制、延缓5-脂氧合酶的酶促作用或者另外对5-脂氧合酶的酶促作用有影响的任何试剂或化合物。5-脂氧合酶抑制剂的非限制性实例包括弃白通,多西苯醌,piripost,ICI-D2318,和ABT 761。
β-肾上腺素能受体激动剂的非限制性的实例包括:沙丁胺醇,比托特罗,乙基异丙肾上腺素,奥西那林(mataproterenol),perbuterol,沙美特罗,叔丁喘宁,异丙基肾上腺素,麻黄碱和肾上腺素。
黄嘌呤衍生物的非限制性的实例是茶碱。
α-肾上腺素能受体激动剂的非限制性的实例包括芳基烷基胺类,(例如,苯基丙醇胺和伪麻黄素),咪唑类(例如,萘唑啉,氧甲唑啉,四氢唑啉,和丁苄唑啉),和环烷基胺类(例如,丙己君)。
肥大细胞稳定剂的非限制性的实例是萘多罗米钠。
镇咳药的非限制性的实例包括可待因,右美沙芬,苯佐那酯,氯二苯二甲丙胺醇,和诺司咳平。
祛痰剂的非限制性的实例是愈创甘油醚。
NK1、NK2和NK3速激肽受体拮抗剂的非限制性的实例包括CP-99,994和SR 48968。
GABAB激动剂的非限制性的实例包括巴氯芬和3-氨基丙基-次膦酸。
为由本发明描述的化合物制备药物组合物,惰性的药学可接受的载体可以是固体或者液体。固体形式的制剂包括粉末,片剂,可分散的颗粒剂,胶囊,扁囊剂和栓剂。粉末和片剂可以包含约5到约70%的活性组分。适宜的固体载体是本领域已知的,例如碳酸镁,硬脂酸镁,滑石粉,蔗糖(sugar),乳糖。片剂,粉末,扁囊剂和胶囊可以作为适合于口服的固体剂型使用。
为制备栓剂,可首先将熔点低的蜡比如脂肪酸甘油酯或可可脂的混合物熔化,并将活性组分通过搅拌均一地分散于其中。然后将熔化的均匀混合物倾倒在适当尺寸的模具中,使其冷却并固化。
液态制剂包括溶液,悬浮液和乳剂。可以提及的实例为肠胃外注射的水或水-丙二醇溶液。
液态制剂可以还包括鼻内给药的溶液。
适合于吸入的气雾剂制剂可以包括溶液和以粉末形式的固体,并可以与药学可接受的载体,比如惰性压缩气体相结合。
固态制剂还包括为口服或肠胃外给药而在使用之前不久转化成液态制剂的固态制剂。这种液态制剂包括溶液,悬浮液和乳剂。
本发明的化合物还可以透皮使用。透皮组合物可以为乳膏剂,洗剂,气雾剂和/或乳液的形式,而且可包含在为此目的作为本领域常规的基质或储液囊型的透皮贴片中。
本发明的化合物优选是口服给药的。
药物制剂优选是以单元剂型的形式。以这种形式,制剂被细分成含有合适量的活性组分,例如为达到所述目的有效量的单元剂量。
在单元剂量制剂中的式I的活性化合物的量可以在约0.1毫克到1000毫克,更优选约1毫克到300毫克之间根据具体应用情况改变或调整。
实际使用的剂量可以根据患者的需要和所治疗的症状的严重程度而改变。对于具体情况的合适剂量的确定是在本领域技术人员知识范围内的。通常,治疗初始采用低于化合物的最佳剂量的较低剂量。而后,剂量通过小增幅的增加直到达到在这此情况下的最佳的效果。为了方便起见,如果需要的话,总的日剂量可以在一天内分成几份给药。
本发明的化合物和其药学可接受的盐的给药量和次数可根据临床医师在考虑到例如患者的年龄、症状和大小以及所治疗的症状的严重程度后的判断而加以调整。典型的推荐的给药方案是口服10毫克到2000毫克/天,优选10到1000毫克/天,分成两次到四次剂量,以减轻疼痛,焦虑,抑郁症,哮喘或酒精滥用。当在此剂量范围内给药时化合物是无毒的。
当式I的伤害感受蛋白受体ORL-1激动剂与一或多种另外的试剂联合给药时,式I的化合物和另外的试剂优选以联合给药剂型给药(例如,以单一片剂),尽管它们可以单独给药。另外的试剂是以有效减轻咳嗽,变态反应或哮喘症状的量给药的,优选每个单元剂量约0.1毫克到1000毫克,更优选约1毫克到300毫克。另外的试剂的典型的推荐的给药方案是1毫克到2000毫克/天,优选1到1000毫克/天,分成两次到四次剂量。其它试剂的典型的剂量可以根据文献,例如The Physicians′s Desk Reference确定。
下面是含有本发明的化合物的药物剂型的实例。本领域技术人员将认识到这种剂型可以被容易地调整成包括一或多种另外的活性组分。本发明的范围在其药物组合物方面不受所提供的实施例的限制。
药物剂型实施例
实施例A-片剂
序号 | 成分 | 毫克/片 | 毫克/片 |
1. | 活性化合物 | 100 | 500 |
2. | 乳糖USP | 122 | 113 |
3. | 玉米淀粉,食品级,以净化水中的10%浆料的形式 | 30 | 40 |
4. | 玉米淀粉,食品级 | 45 | 40 |
5. | 硬脂酸镁 | 3 | 7 |
合计 | 300 | 700 |
制造方法
在适宜的混合器中将序号1和2的物质混合10-15分钟。用序号3的物质将混合物粒化。如果需要的话,将湿颗粒研磨通过粗筛(例如,1/4″,0.63厘米)。干燥湿颗粒。如果需要的话筛分干颗粒,并与序号4的物质混合,混合10-15分钟。加入序号5的物质,并混合1-3分钟。将混合物压缩到合适的大小并在适宜的压片机上称重。
实施例B-胶囊
序号 | 成分 | 毫克/胶囊 | 毫克/胶囊 |
1. | 活性化合物 | 100 | 500 |
2. | 乳糖USP | 106 | 123 |
3. | 玉米淀粉,食品级 | 40 | 70 |
4. | 硬脂酸镁NF | 7 | 7 |
合计 | 253 | 700 |
制造方法
在适宜的搅拌器中将序号1,2和3的物质混合10-15分钟。加入序号4的物质,并混合1-3分钟。在适宜的胶囊封装机上将混合物装填在适宜的两段式(two-piece)硬胶囊中。
以上结合具体的实施方案描述了本发明,但许多替换,改进和变化对本领域普通技术人员来说都是显而易见的。所有这些替换,改进和变化都在本发明的精神和保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.下式代表的化合物:
或它们的药学可接受的盐,其中
R是R4-杂芳基或
R1是H或C1-C6烷基;
R2和R3独立地选自-CH3,-OCH3,氟,氯,溴和碘;
R4是1到4个各自独立地选自以下的取代基:H,卤素,(C1-C6)烷基,-CN,-CF3,-OCF3,-(CH2)n-OR5,-(CH2)n-NR5R6,-(CH2)n-NHSO2R5,-(CH2)n-NH(CH2)2NR5R6,-(CH2)n-NHC(O)NR5R7,-(CH2)n-NH(CH2)2OR5和1-哌嗪基;
n为0,1,2或3;
R5和R6独立地选自H和C1-C3烷基;和
R7是H,C1-C3烷基或氨基(C1-C3)烷基。
2.权利要求1的化合物,其中R是2-嘧啶基,5-乙基-2-嘧啶基,4-(1-哌嗪基)-2-嘧啶基,2-吡啶基或6-甲氧基-2-吡啶基。
3.权利要求1的化合物,其中R1是H或-CH3。
4.权利要求1的化合物,其中R2是2-氯和R3是2-氯。
7.一种药物组合物,包括治疗有效量的至少一种权利要求1的化合物和药学可接受的载体。
8.一种药物组合物,包括:治疗有效量的至少一种权利要求1的化合物;治疗有效量的选自下面的一或多种另外的试剂:抗组胺剂,5-脂氧合酶抑制剂,白细胞三烯抑制剂,H3抑制剂,β-肾上腺素能受体激动剂,黄嘌呤衍生物,α-肾上腺素能受体激动剂,肥大细胞稳定剂,镇咳药,祛痰药,NK1、NK2和NK3速激肽受体拮抗剂,和GABAB激动剂;和药学可接受的载体。
9.权利要求1的化合物在制备治疗咳嗽,疼痛,焦虑,哮喘,抑郁症或酒精滥用的药物中的用途。
10.权利要求9的用途,进一步包括给予1-3种选自下列的治疗咳嗽,变态反应或哮喘症状的其它试剂:抗组胺剂,5-脂氧合酶抑制剂,白细胞三烯抑制剂,H3抑制剂,β-肾上腺素能受体激动剂,黄嘌呤衍生物,α-肾上腺素能受体激动剂,肥大细胞稳定剂,镇咳药,祛痰药,NK1、NK2和NK3速激肽受体拮抗剂,和GABAB激动剂。
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US20040067950A1 (en) * | 1998-07-27 | 2004-04-08 | Schering-Plough Corporation | High affinity ligands for nociceptin receptor ORL-1 |
US6262066B1 (en) * | 1998-07-27 | 2001-07-17 | Schering Corporation | High affinity ligands for nociceptin receptor ORL-1 |
CA2508165C (en) | 2002-12-06 | 2014-05-06 | Purdue Research Foundation | Pyridines for treating injured mammalian nerve tissue |
US8729107B2 (en) * | 2002-12-06 | 2014-05-20 | Purdue Research Foundation | Pyridines for treating injured mammalian nerve tissue |
WO2005089761A1 (en) * | 2004-03-17 | 2005-09-29 | Pfizer Limited | Combination for treating inflammatory diseases |
JP2008513368A (ja) * | 2004-09-15 | 2008-05-01 | シェーリング−プラウ・リミテッド | 置換8−アザビシクロ[3.2.1]オクタン−3−オールを調製する方法 |
DE102005016460A1 (de) * | 2005-04-11 | 2006-10-19 | Grünenthal GmbH | Spriocyclische Cyclohexanderivate zur Behandlung von Substanzabhängigkeit |
PE20071159A1 (es) * | 2005-10-31 | 2007-11-30 | Schering Corp | Derivados de tropano 3-monosustituido como ligandos de receptores de nociceptina |
DE102006046745A1 (de) * | 2006-09-29 | 2008-04-03 | Grünenthal GmbH | Gemischte ORL1/µ-Agonisten zur Behandlung von Schmerz |
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GB201004311D0 (en) | 2010-03-15 | 2010-04-28 | Proximagen Ltd | New enzyme inhibitor compounds |
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