CN1243229C - Detecting method for elastic modulus and strength of fragile coating layer - Google Patents
Detecting method for elastic modulus and strength of fragile coating layer Download PDFInfo
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- CN1243229C CN1243229C CN 02158873 CN02158873A CN1243229C CN 1243229 C CN1243229 C CN 1243229C CN 02158873 CN02158873 CN 02158873 CN 02158873 A CN02158873 A CN 02158873A CN 1243229 C CN1243229 C CN 1243229C
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 title 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000013001 point bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005524 ceramic coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006748 scratching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002393 scratching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The present invention discloses an elastic modulus of a brittleness membranous layer and a method for testing intensity. By comparing the variation of the bending deflection of a test sample of a lower beam of a bending load before filming and after filming, according to that the deformation of the test sample of the beam before filming and after filming satisfies a formula of f2. I=f1. I1 under the action of the same load, the theory of the equivalent cross section of a composite beam in mechanics of materials is used, and the inertia moment of the test sample of the beam which is filmed is obtained in a three-point bending mode; furthermore, the relation of the ratio of the elastic modulus of the membranous layer to the elastic modulus of a basal body and the flexibility ratio of the test sample of the beam before filming and after filming is obtained, and after the flexibility ratio under a given load is measured, the elastic modulus of the membranous layer can be computed. After the elastic modulus of the basal body and the membranous layer is determined, under the sate of bending stress, if interface slide is not generated between the membranous layer and the basal body, stress distribution along the direction of thickness is computed firstly, and the maximal stress of the surface of the membranous layer corresponding to the crack of the membranous layer is used as the intensity of the membranous layer. The present invention has the advantages of low equipment requirement and simple operation and is capable of evaluating the elastic modulus and the fracture strength of the brittleness membranous layer simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the mechanical property assessment technique of film, the method for testing of specifically a kind of fragility rete elastic modulus and intensity.
Background technology
Method by physics or chemistry on metal or other solid materials plates the brittle ceramic coating of one deck high rigidity, high strength, corrosion-resistant, wear-resistant, high temperature resistance, comprises that for the modern mechanical field performance of Aeronautics and Astronautics, automobile and various high-temperature wearable apparatuses improves significant.Therefore the research of this surface treatment and plated film more and more causes various countries scientist's attention, and obtains very fast development.Yet the assessment technique of the rete mechanical property of synchronous with it or supporting development is but perfect not enough.The research of the overwhelming majority all concentrates on the elastic modulus of estimating rete with micro-impression or method such as ultrasonic, adopts this method weak point to be complicated operation, the equipment requirements height, obtained data unstable and often and actual conditions differ bigger.In addition, film strength is the important parameter of the reflection mechanical property of materials, and the demand that people estimate film strength is also more and more stronger, but at present about measuring the also rarely found report of method of film strength.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the method for testing that a kind of equipment requirements is low, simple to operate, can estimate fragility rete elastic modulus and fracture strength.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention is: by the relatively variation of bending load underbeam sample sag before plated film and behind the plated film, satisfy f according to the distortion of plated film front and rear beam sample under identical loading
2I=f
1I
1Formula, utilize the equivalent cross-section theory of composite beam in the mechanics of materials, the mode of operation by three-point bending, calculate the moment of inertia of plated film beam sample, utilize the moment of inertia expression formula of plated film beam sample again, obtain the relation between the amount of deflection ratio of the ratio of rete elastic modulus and matrix elastic modulus and plated film front and rear beam sample, thereby calculate the elastic modulus of rete; F in the described formula
1Be the amount of deflection before the plated film, f
2Be the amount of deflection behind the plated film, I
1It is the moment of inertia of plated film front-axle beam sample; I is the moment of inertia of plated film back rest sample;
The beam sample inertia square of four sides plated film can be expressed as:
Wherein: B is a plated film front-axle beam specimen width, and H is a plated film front-axle beam sample thickness, and h is the thickness of film, and α is the elastic modulus E of rete
2Elastic modulus E with known matrix
1Modular ratio, I
4It is the moment of inertia of the beam sample of four sides plated film;
The two sides has the beam sample inertia square expression formula of plated film to be relatively:
Wherein: B is a plated film front-axle beam specimen width, and H is a plated film front-axle beam sample thickness, and h is the thickness of film, and α is the elastic modulus E of rete
2Elastic modulus E with known matrix
1Modular ratio, I
2It is the beam sample inertia square that there is plated film on relative two sides;
The asymmetric beam sample inertia square expression formula of single surface coating is:
Wherein: B is a plated film front-axle beam specimen width, and H is a plated film front-axle beam sample thickness, and h is the thickness of film, and α is the elastic modulus E of rete
2Elastic modulus E with known matrix
1Modular ratio;
The pairing modular ratio computing formula of beam sample in plated film cross section, four sides is:
Wherein: E
2Be the elastic modulus of rete, E
1Be the elastic modulus of known matrix, f
1Be scratching before the plated film, f
2Be the amount of deflection behind the plated film, I
1Be the moment of inertia of plated film front-axle beam sample, B is a plated film front-axle beam specimen width, and H is a plated film front-axle beam sample thickness, and h is the thickness of film;
Have only relative two sides to have plated film beam sample modular ratio to determine by down routine formula:
Wherein: E
2Be the elastic modulus of rete, E
1Be the elastic modulus of known matrix, f
1Be the amount of deflection before the plated film, f
2Be the amount of deflection behind the plated film, I
1Be the moment of inertia of plated film front-axle beam sample, B is a plated film front-axle beam specimen width, and H is a plated film front-axle beam sample thickness, and h is the thickness of film;
The asymmetric beam sample of single surface coating, modular ratio with amount of deflection than obeying formula is:
Wherein: f
1Be the amount of deflection before the plated film, f
2Be the amount of deflection behind the plated film, α is a modular ratio, and H is a plated film front-axle beam sample thickness, and h is the thickness of film, and R is that plated film front-axle beam sample thickness is the ratio of the thickness of film with h;
According under the known situation of physical dimension, the elastic modulus of rete is depended in the raising of rigidity fully behind the plated film, after the elastic modulus of determining matrix and rete, by the mode of three-point bending, at the bending stress state, establish between rete and the matrix and do not have interface sliding, calculate stress distribution earlier along thickness direction, again will be corresponding to the surperficial maximum stress of rete cracking intensity as rete;
The computing formula of the maximum stress intensity level during the rete cracking by the linear elasticity The deformation calculation is:
Wherein: σ
fMaximum stress when ftractureing for rete, M=(P
cL)/4, be maximal bending moment, I is the moment of inertia of plated film back rest sample, and L is a span, and α is the elastic modulus E of rete
2Elastic modulus E with known matrix
1Modular ratio, y
cBe the distance of the neutral axis of beam sample to tension face, Pc is the critical load 1 of corresponding rete cracking, for the symmetrical coating y of four sides and opposite face
c=0.5H+h, for the asymmetric beam sample of single surface coating,
Wherein: H is a plated film front-axle beam sample thickness, and h is the thickness of film.
The present invention has the following advantages:
1. adopt the present invention not only can record the elastic modulus of fragility rete, and can record the intensity of rete.Solved amount of elasticity test data instability, and the problem of fragility rete intensity evaluation difficulty of fragility mould layer, its data conform to actual conditions.
2. experimental technique of the present invention is simple, and the beam specimen preparation is easy, and is workable, need not complicated and expensive instrument.
3. the present invention can test three kinds of plated film beam samples with varying cross-section coating structure, has improved the selectivity of beam specimen preparation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1-1 is the deflection test structural representation (wherein: 1 is the beam sample, and 2 is clock gauge) of three-point bending test beam sample of the present invention.
Fig. 1-2 is the variation synoptic diagram of three-point bending test beam sample plated film front and rear beam sample amount of deflection of the present invention.
Fig. 2-1 is the structural representation and the equivalent cross-section synoptic diagram of four sides plated film beam sample cross.
Fig. 2-2 is the structural representation and the equivalent cross-section synoptic diagram of coating single side beam sample cross.
Fig. 3 is the function curve of coating single side beam sample between modular ratio under the different thickness situations and amount of deflection ratio.
Fig. 4-1 is the stress distribution synoptic diagram of beam sample under bending load of four sides coating structure.
Fig. 4-2 is the stress distribution synoptic diagram of beam sample under bending load of coating single side structure.
Fig. 5-1 is the elastic modulus of one embodiment of the invention test graphite matrix surface silit coating and the beam sample section after the intensity.
Fig. 5-2 is the elastic modulus of one embodiment of the invention test aluminium beam sample single face glass rete and the beam sample after the intensity.
Embodiment
As Fig. 1-1,1-2, Fig. 2-1, shown in Fig. 4-1, the 5-1, forming with the CVD method that the elastic modulus of silit coating on four sides and intensity tests with graphite matrix surface is example, and the beam specimen length is 40mm, and plated film front-axle beam specimen width B is 4mm, plated film front-axle beam sample thickness H is 3mm, thickness h is about 0.18mm, and span L is 30mm, and the elastic modulus of graphite matrix is about 10GPa.Accurate clock gauge test is adopted in displacement.The elastic modulus that records silit coating is about 324GPa, and intensity is 249MPa, and its result is consistent basically with the data that measure with the simple substance material.
The method of testing of fragility rete elastic modulus:
By the relatively variation of bending load underbeam sample bending stiffness before plated film and behind the plated film, satisfy relational expression f according to the distortion of plated film front and rear beam sample under identical loading
2I=f
1I
1(wherein: moment of inertia I before the plated film
1With moment of inertia I behind the plated film), utilize the equivalent cross-section Theoretical Calculation of composite beam in the mechanics of materials to go out the moment of inertia of plated film beam sample, and utilize the deformation relationship formula of plated film front and rear beam sample, obtain the relation between the amount of deflection ratio of the ratio cc of rete elastic modulus and matrix elastic modulus and plated film front and rear beam sample, thereby calculate the elastic modulus of rete; The elastic modulus of fragility rete is determined in concrete operations by the mode of three-point bending.
Described three-point bending mode is: from being span, span centre is the point of load with beam sample two length of supports, and at point of load imposed load increment, (employing clock gauge) gets deflection data at the point of load.
For different beam sample cross, because the expression formula difference of moment of inertia behind the plated film, this funtcional relationship is also different, and wherein: the expression formula of moment of inertia is I behind the beam sample plated film of four sides plated film
4, it is I that upper and lower surface has the beam sample inertia square expression formula of plated film
2, the asymmetric beam sample inertia square expression formula of lower surface plated film is I
b
For the beam sample of four sides plated film, moment of inertia can be expressed as:
Wherein: B is a plated film front-axle beam specimen width, and H is a plated film front-axle beam sample thickness, and h is the thickness of film, and α is the elastic modulus E of rete
2Elastic modulus E with known matrix
1Modular ratio; More than be defined in all formula of back constant.From following formula, the expression formula of modular ratio α is obtained.
The pairing modular ratio computing formula of beam sample in the plated film cross section, four sides shown in Fig. 2-2 is (2):
Wherein: E
2Be the elastic modulus of rete, E
1Be the elastic modulus of known matrix, f
1Be the amount of deflection before the plated film, f
2Be the amount of deflection behind the plated film,
It is the moment of inertia of plated film front-axle beam sample; Record amount of deflection in the present embodiment than being f
1/ f
2=62/3.4=18, modular ratio is 32.4, tries to achieve E
2Be 324Gpa.
The method of testing of fragility film strength:
According under the known situation of physical dimension, the elastic modulus theory of rete is depended in the raising of rigidity fully behind the plated film, after the elastic modulus of determining matrix and rete, at the bending stress state, if do not have interface sliding between rete and the matrix, can calculate stress distribution earlier, will determine the fragility film strength by the mode of three-point bending corresponding to the surperficial maximum stress of rete cracking intensity again as rete along thickness direction.
Described three-point bending mode is: from being span, span centre is the point of load with beam sample two length of supports, with the speed loading of 0.5mm/min, determines corresponding rete cracking critical load constantly, can obtain the intensity of rete by formula (3).
Usually, the elastic modulus of rete and hardness often will be higher than the respective value of matrix, and shown in Fig. 4-1, the computing formula of the maximum stress intensity level during the rete cracking by the linear elasticity The deformation calculation is stress along the distribution of thick layer under case of bending:
Wherein: I is the moment of inertia of plated film back rest sample, and L is a span, y
cBe the distance of the neutral axis of beam sample, for symmetrical coating y to tension face
c=0.5H+h, Pc are the critical loads of corresponding rete cracking; I is 92 in the present embodiment, P
cBe 100N.
Difference from Example 1 is: as Fig. 2-2, shown in Fig. 3,4-2, the 5-2, so that the elastic modulus of aluminium beam sample single face glass rete and intensity are tested is example, the beam specimen length is 45mm, span is 40mm, and plated film front-axle beam specimen width B is 4mm, and plated film front-axle beam sample thickness H is 3mm, load increment is 4 kilograms, and accurate clock gauge test is adopted in displacement.The elastic modulus that records the boron glass rete of aluminum alloy surface is about 68GPa, and intensity is about 120MPa.Its result is consistent basically with the data that measure with the simple substance material.
The asymmetric beam sample inertia square expression formula of lower surface plated film is:
After simplifying, following formula can obtain the relation (5) of modular ratio and amount of deflection ratio
Wherein: R is the thickness of film and the ratio of matrix thickness; Present embodiment f
1Be 22, f
2Be 17.7, α is 1.13, and H is 3mm, and h is 0.2mm, and R is 2/30, and critical load Pc is 74N.
In above formula, compare f as long as record amount of deflection
1/ f
2, just can calculate modular ratio α; After modular ratio α obtained, the elastic modulus of rete can be by formula E
2=α E
1Determine.
The computing formula of intensity level by the linear elasticity The deformation calculation is during the rete cracking:
Difference from Example 2 is: have the elastic modulus of the beam sample of upper and lower surface aluminium thin layer to test to the rigid-plastic beam sample, the two sides has the beam sample inertia square expression formula of plated film to be:
Derive the expression formula (7) of modular ratio thus:
In the present embodiment, H=3mm, h=0.5mm, B=8mm, E
1=1.5Gpa records f
1/ f
2=55.5, calculate modular ratio α=39.8, trying to achieve the rete elastic modulus is 60Gpa.
The computing formula of intensity level by the linear elasticity The deformation calculation is during the rete cracking:
Its elastic modulus can be tested for non-brittle coating, but intensity level can't be obtained.Require ratio 〉=1% of thickness and matrix thickness with the method testing elastic modulus, otherwise be more difficult to get the changing value of amount of deflection.In addition, require the accuracy of instrument of displacement measurement to arrive≤1 micron.
Claims (9)
1. the method for testing of a fragility rete elastic modulus is characterized in that: by the relatively variation of bending load underbeam sample sag before plated film and behind the plated film, satisfy f according to the distortion of plated film front and rear beam sample under identical loading
2I=f
1I
1Formula, utilize the equivalent cross-section theory of composite beam in the mechanics of materials, the mode of operation by three-point bending, calculate the moment of inertia of plated film beam sample, utilize the moment of inertia expression formula of plated film beam sample again, obtain the relation between the amount of deflection ratio of the ratio of rete elastic modulus and matrix elastic modulus and plated film front and rear beam sample, thereby calculate the elastic modulus of rete; F in the described formula
1Be the amount of deflection before the plated film, f
2Be the amount of deflection behind the plated film, I
1It is the moment of inertia of plated film front-axle beam sample; I is the moment of inertia of plated film back rest sample.
2. according to the method for testing of the described fragility rete of claim 1 elastic modulus, it is characterized in that: the beam sample inertia square I of four sides plated film
4Can be expressed as:
Wherein: B is a plated film front-axle beam specimen width, and H is a plated film front-axle beam sample thickness, and h is the thickness of film, and α is the elastic modulus E of rete
2Elastic modulus E with known matrix
1Modular ratio, I
4It is the moment of inertia of the beam sample of four sides plated film.
3. according to the method for testing of the described fragility rete of claim 1 elastic modulus, it is characterized in that: the two sides has the beam sample inertia square expression formula of plated film to be relatively:
Wherein: B is a plated film front-axle beam specimen width, and H is a plated film front-axle beam sample thickness, and h is the thickness of film, and α is the elastic modulus E of rete
2Elastic modulus E with known matrix
1Modular ratio, I
2It is the beam sample inertia square that there is plated film on relative two sides.
4. according to the method for testing of the described fragility rete of claim 1 elastic modulus, it is characterized in that: the asymmetric beam sample inertia square expression formula of single surface coating is:
Wherein: B is a plated film front-axle beam specimen width, and H is a plated film front-axle beam sample thickness, and h is the thickness of film, and α is the elastic modulus E of rete
2Elastic modulus E with known matrix
1Modular ratio.
5. according to the method for testing of the described fragility rete of claim 1 elastic modulus, it is characterized in that: the pairing modular ratio computing formula of beam sample in plated film cross section, four sides is:
Wherein: E
2Be the elastic modulus of rete, E
1Be the elastic modulus of known matrix, f
1Be the amount of deflection before the plated film, f
2Be the amount of deflection behind the plated film, I
1Be the moment of inertia of plated film front-axle beam sample, B is a plated film front-axle beam specimen width, and H is a plated film front-axle beam sample thickness, and h is the thickness of film.
6. according to the method for testing of the described fragility rete of claim 1 elastic modulus, it is characterized in that: have only relative two sides to have plated film beam sample modular ratio to determine by down routine formula:
Wherein: E
2Be the elastic modulus of rete, E
1Be the elastic modulus of known matrix, f
1Be the amount of deflection before the plated film, f
2Be the amount of deflection behind the plated film, I
1Be the moment of inertia of plated film front-axle beam sample, B is a plated film front-axle beam specimen width, and H is a plated film front-axle beam sample thickness, and h is the thickness of film.
7. according to the method for testing of the described fragility rete of claim 1 elastic modulus, it is characterized in that: the asymmetric beam sample of single surface coating, modular ratio with amount of deflection than obeying formula is:
Wherein: f
1Be the amount of deflection before the plated film, f
2Be the amount of deflection behind the plated film, α is a modular ratio, and H is a plated film front-axle beam sample thickness, and h is the thickness of film, and R is that plated film front-axle beam sample thickness is the ratio of the thickness of film with h.
8. the method for testing of a fragility film strength, it is characterized in that: according under the known situation of physical dimension, the elastic modulus of rete is depended in the raising of rigidity fully behind the plated film, after the elastic modulus of determining matrix and rete, by the mode of three-point bending, at the bending stress state, establish between rete and the matrix and do not have interface sliding, calculate stress distribution earlier along thickness direction, again will be corresponding to the surperficial maximum stress of rete cracking intensity as rete.
9. according to the method for testing of the described fragility film strength of claim 8, it is characterized in that: the computing formula of the maximum stress intensity level during the rete cracking by the linear elasticity The deformation calculation is:
Wherein: σ
fMaximum stress when ftractureing for rete, M=(P
cL)/4, be maximal bending moment, I is the moment of inertia of plated film back rest sample, and L is a span, and α is the elastic modulus E of rete
2Elastic modulus E with known matrix
1Modular ratio, y
cBe the distance of the neutral axis of beam sample to tension face, Pc is the critical load of corresponding rete cracking, for the symmetrical coating y of four sides and opposite face
c=0.5H+h, for the asymmetric beam sample of single surface coating,
Wherein: H is a plated film front-axle beam sample thickness, and h is the thickness of film.
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CN101672750B (en) * | 2009-09-27 | 2011-02-02 | 重庆大学 | Geometric measurement method of Poisson's ratio and Young's elastic modulus of thin film material |
CN102033016A (en) * | 2010-11-29 | 2011-04-27 | 维苏威赛璐珂陶瓷(苏州)有限公司 | Device used for measuring elastic modulus of roller under heating condition |
CN102393328B (en) * | 2011-10-19 | 2013-09-25 | 清华大学 | Method for measuring fracture toughness of interface between hard film and soft foundation |
CN102998181A (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2013-03-27 | 上海工程技术大学 | Method for measuring static elasticity modulus of porous metal material |
CN104316415B (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2017-04-05 | 中国建材检验认证集团股份有限公司 | A kind of ultra-thin glass bending strength method of testing |
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CN106383203B (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2019-06-25 | 中国建材检验认证集团股份有限公司 | The method for measuring coating elasticity modulus |
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CN110895225B (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2021-01-26 | 北京航空航天大学 | Experimental method for measuring Young modulus of coating at different temperatures |
CN111220481B (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2021-06-25 | 大连理工大学 | Method for testing elastic modulus of three-layer composite paper in each layer surface |
CN117174211B (en) * | 2023-08-28 | 2024-05-03 | 无锡车联天下信息技术有限公司 | Method, device, equipment and medium for analyzing mechanical properties of composite material |
CN117454676B (en) * | 2023-12-26 | 2024-03-12 | 无锡车联天下信息技术有限公司 | Strength calculation method of resin electroplating buckle |
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