CN113999058B - Distributed organic household garbage integrated composting equipment - Google Patents
Distributed organic household garbage integrated composting equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN113999058B CN113999058B CN202111532917.2A CN202111532917A CN113999058B CN 113999058 B CN113999058 B CN 113999058B CN 202111532917 A CN202111532917 A CN 202111532917A CN 113999058 B CN113999058 B CN 113999058B
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- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 4
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 4
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000010806 kitchen waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000010564 aerobic fermentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002154 agricultural waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006065 biodegradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
- C05F9/02—Apparatus for the manufacture
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/50—Treatments combining two or more different biological or biochemical treatments, e.g. anaerobic and aerobic treatment or vermicomposting and aerobic treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/60—Heating or cooling during the treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/70—Controlling the treatment in response to process parameters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
- C05F17/971—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material
- C05F17/979—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material the other material being gaseous
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
- C05F17/971—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material
- C05F17/986—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material the other material being liquid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/993—Arrangements for measuring process parameters, e.g. temperature, pressure or humidity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
- C05F9/04—Biological compost
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses distributed organic household garbage integrated composting equipment which comprises an aerobic composting area and a feeding area, wherein the aerobic composting area comprises a heating and heat preserving system, an air preheating system, a rotating system and a fermentation chamber; the feeding area is arranged right above the fermentation chamber, four subareas which are horizontally arranged and isolated from each other are arranged in the feeding area, the bottom ends of the four subareas are respectively provided with a discharging pipe, and the discharging pipes are provided with discharging valves; the heating and heat preserving system comprises a water pipe, a circulating pump and a water heating device; the air preheating system comprises an aeration port, a coil pipe and a blower; the rotating system comprises a rotating shaft, a driving motor and a plurality of second partition boards, the rotating shaft is vertically arranged at the center of the fermentation chamber, and the driving motor can drive the rotating shaft to rotate; a plurality of measuring units are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the side wall of the fermentation chamber, and each measuring unit comprises a temperature sensor, a moisture content sensor and an oxygen content sensor. The invention improves the quality of the compost product.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of garbage treatment, in particular to distributed organic household garbage integrated composting equipment.
Background
The rural domestic garbage contains a large amount of organic matters, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutrient substances, is easy to decay in the transportation process, generates a large amount of percolate and odor, and pollutes the environment along the way. By high-temperature aerobic fermentation, harmless and decrement of rural domestic organic garbage can be realized, and meanwhile, organic fertilizer is produced, so that not only is environmental pollution reduced, but also soil fertility and agricultural product quality can be improved by utilizing the organic fertilizer, the method accords with the development direction of agricultural green production and is an important measure for realizing agricultural planting and raising circulation.
The existing composting technology mainly comprises three types of a strip pile type, a trough type and a reactor type, wherein the reactor type is that materials are in a partially or totally closed container, ventilation and moisture conditions are controlled, high-temperature aerobic fermentation is carried out, the materials are subjected to biodegradation and conversion, and the composting technology has the advantages of convenience in operation, high treatment efficiency, small occupied area, wide application range and the like.
However, the existing reactor type composting technology still has the problems of high investment cost, poor quality of composting products, low degree of automation and the like, and the popularization and application of the reactor type composting technology in rural domestic organic waste treatment are limited to a certain extent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide distributed organic household garbage integrated composting equipment, which solves the problems in the prior art and improves the quality of composting products.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
The invention provides distributed organic household garbage integrated composting equipment which comprises an aerobic composting area and a feeding area, wherein the aerobic composting area comprises a heating and heat preserving system, an air preheating system, a rotating system and a fermentation chamber;
The feeding area is arranged right above the fermentation chamber, four subareas which are horizontally arranged and isolated from each other are arranged in the feeding area, the four subareas are respectively an organic household garbage chamber, an auxiliary material chamber, a fermentation auxiliary material chamber and a water filling chamber, discharging pipes are respectively arranged at the bottom ends of the four subareas, and discharging valves are arranged on the discharging pipes;
The heating and heat preserving system comprises a water pipe, a circulating pump and a water heating device, wherein the water pipe is coiled on the side wall of the fermentation chamber, one end of the water pipe is communicated with a water outlet of the circulating pump, a water inlet of the circulating pump is communicated with the water outlet of the water heating device, and the other end of the water pipe is communicated with the water inlet of the water heating device;
The air preheating system comprises an aeration port, a coil pipe and a blower, wherein the aeration port is arranged at the bottom of the fermentation chamber and is communicated with the air outlet of the blower, the coil pipe is coiled on the side wall of the fermentation chamber, and air in the coil pipe can exchange heat with water in the water pipe;
The rotating system comprises a rotating shaft, a driving motor and a plurality of second partition boards, wherein a cavity in the fermentation chamber is cylindrical, the rotating shaft is vertically arranged in the center of the fermentation chamber, the second partition boards are vertically distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft, one end of each second partition board is fixedly connected with the side wall of the rotating shaft, and the driving motor can drive the rotating shaft to rotate;
A plurality of measuring units are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the side wall of the fermentation chamber, the number of the measuring units is equal to that of the second partition plates, and each measuring unit comprises a temperature sensor, a moisture content sensor and an oxygen content sensor; the temperature sensor, the moisture content sensor, the oxygen content sensor, the driving motor, the blower, the circulating pump and the discharge valve are respectively connected with the controller.
Preferably, a garbage crusher is arranged in the organic household garbage chamber, an electric stirring paddle is arranged in the auxiliary material chamber, and the garbage crusher and the electric stirring paddle are respectively connected with the controller.
Preferably, two adjacent said sub-regions are separated by a first separator.
Preferably, the discharge valve is an electromagnetic valve.
Preferably, the water heating device is a solar heat collector.
Preferably, the heights of the temperature sensors are the same, the heights of the moisture content sensors are the same, the heights of the oxygen content sensors are the same, and the second partition plate is provided with notches corresponding to the temperature sensors, the moisture content sensors and the oxygen content sensors respectively.
Preferably, the driving motor is arranged below the fermentation chamber, an output shaft of the driving motor is connected with the rotating shaft through a coupler, and the rotating shaft is in running fit with a bottom plate of the fermentation chamber through a sealing bearing.
Preferably, the coil and the water pipe are distributed at intervals, and the side wall of the coil is in contact with the side wall of the adjacent water pipe.
Preferably, a water inlet is arranged at the bottom of the fermentation chamber, and a water outlet is arranged at the top of the fermentation chamber.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the distributed organic household garbage integrated composting device improves the quality of composting products. The distributed organic household garbage integrated composting device is convenient to use, can conveniently treat the organic household garbage, controls the rotation of the stacking areas and the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valves according to the feedback data of the sensors, realizes the precise control of feeding, water adding, fermentation bacteria adding and the like in each area, and is beneficial to the overturning and mixing of materials in each stacking area due to the operation of a rotating system.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a distributed organic household garbage integrated composting apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a part of the structure of the distributed organic household garbage integrated composting device of the present invention;
wherein: 100. the distributed organic household garbage integrated composting equipment; 1. a fermentation chamber; 2. a feed zone; 21. an organic household garbage chamber; 211. a garbage crusher; 22. an auxiliary material chamber; 221. electric stirring paddles; 23. a fermentation auxiliary material chamber; 24. a water injection chamber; 25. a first separator; 3. a discharge valve; 4. a blower; 5. a rotating shaft; 6. a driving motor; 7. an aeration port; 8. a water inlet; 9. a water outlet; 10. a second separator; 11. and a stacking area.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by a person skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the invention.
The invention aims to provide distributed organic household garbage integrated composting equipment, which solves the problems in the prior art and improves the quality of composting products.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1 to 2: the embodiment provides a distributed organic household garbage integrated composting device 100, which comprises an aerobic composting zone and a feeding zone 2, wherein the aerobic composting zone comprises a heating and heat preserving system, an air preheating system, a rotating system and a fermentation chamber 1. The bottom of the fermentation chamber 1 is provided with a water inlet 8, and the top of the fermentation chamber 1 is also provided with a water outlet 9.
Wherein, the feeding area 2 is arranged right above the fermentation chamber 1, four sub-areas which are horizontally arranged and isolated from each other are arranged in the feeding area 2, and the four sub-areas are respectively an organic household garbage chamber 21, an auxiliary material chamber 22, a fermentation auxiliary material chamber 23 and a water injection chamber 24, and two adjacent sub-areas are separated by a first partition board 25. The bottom ends of the four subareas are respectively provided with a discharging pipe, and the discharging pipes are provided with discharging valves 3; each discharge valve 3 is a solenoid valve. A garbage crusher 211 is arranged in the organic household garbage chamber 21, an electric stirring paddle 221 is arranged in the auxiliary material chamber 22, and the garbage crusher 211 and the electric stirring paddle 221 are respectively connected with a controller.
The 4 sub-areas mainly play roles in raw material storage, pretreatment and proportioning. An organic household garbage crusher 211 is installed in the organic household garbage area, and after the organic household garbage is poured into the area, the crusher is started to crush the massive organic garbage. The auxiliary material area is mainly used for placing straws, livestock and poultry manure and the like, and is determined according to the characteristics of the household garbage. And a stirring paddle is arranged for uniformly mixing the excrement and the sewage in the area. The feeding amount of agricultural wastes such as organic household garbage, straw, livestock and poultry manure and the like is adjusted according to the C/N ratio, so that the C/N ratio of a composting area is 30:1-15:1; the amount of the fermentation inoculant and the water is controlled according to the water content and the composting state of the aerobic composting zone, and the initial fermentation water content is generally about 60-75%.
The heating and heat preserving system comprises a water pipe, a circulating pump and a water heating device, wherein the water pipe is coiled on the outer side wall of the fermentation chamber 1, one end of the water pipe is communicated with a water outlet 9 of the circulating pump, a water inlet 8 of the circulating pump is communicated with the water outlet 9 of the water heating device, and the other end of the water pipe is communicated with the water inlet 8 of the water heating device; the hot water is pumped into the water pipe by the circulating pump for circulation, so that the fermentation chamber 1 is heated and kept warm. The water heating device is a solar heat collector and utilizes solar energy to heat circulating water. The heating and heat preserving system is annularly wrapped in the aerobic composting area to provide stable thermal environment for the aerobic composting, and the temperature environment is maintained at 40-60 ℃ in winter or when the environmental temperature is lower.
The air preheating system comprises an aeration port 7, a coil pipe and a blower 4, wherein the aeration port 7 is arranged at the bottom of the fermentation chamber 1 and is communicated with the inside of the fermentation chamber 1, the aeration port 7 is communicated with an air outlet of the blower 4 through the coil pipe, the coil pipe is coiled on the outer side wall of the fermentation chamber 1, and air in the coil pipe can exchange heat with water in a water pipe; specifically, the coil pipes are distributed with the water pipes at intervals, and the side walls of the coil pipes are in contact with the side walls of the adjacent water pipes. Of course, other arrangements may be used as long as it is ensured that the air in the coil is sufficiently heat exchanged with the water in the water pipe. The air preheating system is arranged on the periphery of the circulating water heating system in a coil-shaped manner and is used for preheating air, so that the temperature of the air entering the composting area is 35-45 ℃.
The rotating system comprises a rotating shaft 5, a driving motor 6 and six second partition boards 10, the fermentation chamber 1 is cylindrical, a cavity in the fermentation chamber 1 is also cylindrical, the rotating shaft 5 is vertically arranged at the center of the fermentation chamber 1, the six second partition boards 10 are vertically distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft 5, one end of each second partition board 10 is fixedly connected with the side wall of the rotating shaft 5, and the driving motor 6 can drive the rotating shaft 5 to rotate; the driving motor 6 is arranged below the fermentation chamber 1, an output shaft of the driving motor 6 is connected with the rotating shaft 5 through a coupler, and the rotating shaft 5 is in running fit with the bottom plate of the fermentation chamber 1 through a sealing bearing.
Six measuring units are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the side wall of the fermentation chamber 1, and specifically comprise a temperature sensor, a moisture content sensor and an oxygen content sensor; the temperature sensor, the moisture content sensor, the oxygen content sensor, the driving motor 6, the blower 4, the circulating pump and the discharge valve 3 are respectively connected with the controller. The controller can be a PLC programmable controller.
The plurality of temperature sensors have the same height, the plurality of moisture content sensors have the same height, the plurality of oxygen content sensors have the same height, and the second partition board 10 is provided with notches corresponding to the temperature sensors, the moisture content sensors and the oxygen content sensors, respectively.
A stacking area 11 is formed between any two adjacent second partitions 10. The space rotation of 6 fermentation stacking areas 11 is realized by utilizing motor drive, a temperature sensor, a moisture content sensor, an oxygen content sensor and the like are arranged above each area, the rotation of the stacking areas 11 and the opening and closing of each electromagnetic valve are controlled according to sensor feedback data, and the accurate control of feeding, water adding, fermenting bacteria adding and the like in each area is realized. The space is favorable for overturning and mixing the materials in the 6 fermentation stacking areas 11 during rotation.
The specific use process of the distributed organic domestic garbage integrated composting apparatus 100 of this embodiment is as follows:
(1) Pretreating and storing, taking kitchen waste of rural residents as a case, collecting the kitchen waste of the residents to an organic household garbage room 21 every day, and crushing the kitchen waste into particles with the particle size of 1-2cm; collecting straw, livestock and poultry manure and the like into an auxiliary material chamber 22, and stirring for 20min; filling the fermentation composite microbial inoculum into the fermentation auxiliary material chamber 23, filling domestic sewage into the water injection chamber 24, and heating the domestic sewage in the water injection chamber 24 to 25-30 ℃.
(2) Discharging all materials in the feeding area 2 into any one stacking area 11, fermenting, and discharging the materials in the feeding area 2 into the next stacking area 11 after one stacking area 11 is fully stacked; the spaces of the 6 fermentation stacking areas 11 are driven by a motor to rotate anticlockwise or clockwise so that the different stacking areas 11 are sequentially filled with materials; when materials are discharged into any one of the stacking areas 11, the feeding amounts of different materials are adjusted according to the C/N ratio, so that the C/N ratio of the materials in the stacking areas 11 is 30:1-15:1; controlling the consumption of the fermentation composite microbial inoculum and the domestic sewage according to the water content and the composting state of the aerobic composting area;
In the embodiment, the organic household garbage is subjected to batch fermentation; the accurate regulation and control independent space of the 6 stacking areas 11 is utilized, the first stacking area 11 is fully stacked for fermentation on the first day, the second stacking area 11 is fully stacked for fermentation on the second day, and the sixth fermentation area is fully stacked on the sixth day, the middle control is performed, the fermentation time of each fermentation area is controlled to be 6 days, the parameters such as the temperature, the humidity and the oxygen content of the fermentation area are regulated and controlled in real time every day according to the fermentation state, the accurate regulation and control are realized, and the heating and heat preservation system is utilized to enable the temperature environment in the composting area to be 40-60 ℃; the air preheating system is utilized to make the temperature of the air entering the composting zone be 35-45 ℃.
In the fermentation process, the feeding amount of different materials is regulated according to the fermentation degree and the C/N ratio change condition in the stacking area 11, so that the supplement of each material is realized.
(3) After the sixth fermentation area is fully piled up on the sixth day, the fermentation in the first piling area 11 is completed, the fermentation product in the first piling area 11 starts to be discharged, and after the discharge is completed, new materials are continuously filled for fermentation; and sequentially discharging and adding new materials to other stacking areas 11 where fermentation is completed, and sequentially fermenting.
(4) Then, entering a normal operation mode, namely entering fresh organic household garbage and domestic sewage every day, and supplementing new straw, livestock and poultry and fermentation composite microbial inoculum; and discharging fermented products every day, and intensively transferring the fermented products to a composting site for secondary processing.
(5) The organic fertilizer discharged in the step (3) is discharged into a secondary decomposing field for curing, and then the finished fertilizer is prepared after inorganic fertilizer is mixed;
(6) Repeating the steps (1) - (5) to complete the integrated continuous aerobic composting process.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the positional or positional relationship indicated by the terms such as "center", "top", "bottom", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the positional or positional relationship shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element in question must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described in this specification with reference to specific examples, the description of which is only for the purpose of aiding in understanding the method of the present invention and its core ideas; also, it is within the scope of the present invention to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a distributed organic domestic waste integration composting device which characterized in that: the device comprises an aerobic composting zone and a feeding zone, wherein the aerobic composting zone comprises a heating and heat preserving system, an air preheating system, a rotating system and a fermentation chamber;
The feeding area is arranged right above the fermentation chamber, four subareas which are horizontally arranged and isolated from each other are arranged in the feeding area, the four subareas are respectively an organic household garbage chamber, an auxiliary material chamber, a fermentation auxiliary material chamber and a water filling chamber, discharging pipes are respectively arranged at the bottom ends of the four subareas, and discharging valves are arranged on the discharging pipes;
The heating and heat preserving system comprises a water pipe, a circulating pump and a water heating device, wherein the water pipe is coiled on the side wall of the fermentation chamber, one end of the water pipe is communicated with a water outlet of the circulating pump, a water inlet of the circulating pump is communicated with the water outlet of the water heating device, and the other end of the water pipe is communicated with the water inlet of the water heating device;
The air preheating system comprises an aeration port, a coil pipe and a blower, wherein the aeration port is arranged at the bottom of the fermentation chamber and is communicated with the air outlet of the blower, the coil pipe is coiled on the side wall of the fermentation chamber, and air in the coil pipe can exchange heat with water in the water pipe; the coil pipes are distributed at intervals with the water pipes, and the side walls of the coil pipes are in contact with the side walls of the adjacent water pipes;
The rotating system comprises a rotating shaft, a driving motor and a plurality of second partition boards, wherein a cavity in the fermentation chamber is cylindrical, the rotating shaft is vertically arranged in the center of the fermentation chamber, the second partition boards are vertically distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft, one end of each second partition board is fixedly connected with the side wall of the rotating shaft, and the driving motor can drive the rotating shaft to rotate;
A plurality of measuring units are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the side wall of the fermentation chamber, the number of the measuring units is equal to that of the second partition plates, and each measuring unit comprises a temperature sensor, a moisture content sensor and an oxygen content sensor; the temperature sensor, the moisture content sensor, the oxygen content sensor, the driving motor, the blower, the circulating pump and the discharge valve are respectively connected with a controller; the heights of the temperature sensors are the same, the heights of the moisture content sensors are the same, the heights of the oxygen content sensors are the same, and the second partition plate is provided with notches corresponding to the temperature sensors, the moisture content sensors and the oxygen content sensors respectively.
2. The distributed organic household garbage integrated composting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the organic household garbage chamber is internally provided with a garbage crusher, the auxiliary material chamber is internally provided with an electric stirring paddle, and the garbage crusher and the electric stirring paddle are respectively connected with the controller.
3. The distributed organic household garbage integrated composting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: adjacent two of the sub-regions are separated by a first separator.
4. The distributed organic household garbage integrated composting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the discharge valve is an electromagnetic valve.
5. The distributed organic household garbage integrated composting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the water heating device is a solar heat collector.
6. The distributed organic household garbage integrated composting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the driving motor is arranged below the fermentation chamber, an output shaft of the driving motor is connected with the rotating shaft through a coupler, and the rotating shaft is in running fit with a bottom plate of the fermentation chamber through a sealing bearing.
7. The distributed organic household garbage integrated composting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the fermentation chamber is provided with a water inlet, and the top of the fermentation chamber is provided with a water outlet.
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| CN202111532917.2A CN113999058B (en) | 2021-12-15 | 2021-12-15 | Distributed organic household garbage integrated composting equipment |
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| CN202111532917.2A CN113999058B (en) | 2021-12-15 | 2021-12-15 | Distributed organic household garbage integrated composting equipment |
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| CN113999058B true CN113999058B (en) | 2024-07-23 |
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| CN117510252B (en) * | 2024-01-08 | 2024-03-12 | 呼伦贝尔市生态环境保护与发展中心 | Green garbage composting integrated device and composting process thereof |
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| WO2016106474A1 (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2016-07-07 | 吉诺工业有限公司 | Steam and hot water supply device |
| CN112125711A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2020-12-25 | 西安交通大学 | Kitchen waste composting device and method |
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