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CN113962511A - Process data structured representation method fusing process design intents - Google Patents

Process data structured representation method fusing process design intents Download PDF

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CN113962511A
CN113962511A CN202111042870.1A CN202111042870A CN113962511A CN 113962511 A CN113962511 A CN 113962511A CN 202111042870 A CN202111042870 A CN 202111042870A CN 113962511 A CN113962511 A CN 113962511A
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黄瑞
崔成
杨昌尧
费铭涛
蒋俊锋
陈正鸣
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Hohai University HHU
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Abstract

The application relates to a process data structured representation method fusing process design intents. The method comprises the following steps: preprocessing the process data, constructing a geometric dependence relationship among the sub-processing regions in the sub-processing region set according to the generated sub-processing region set, and extracting process parameters; analyzing the association relation between each sub-processing area and the processing operation according to the process parameters, and associating each sub-processing area with the processing operation; capturing process design intents of the associated processing operations of the sub-processing areas, and extracting process situation merging relations among the sub-processing areas; according to the sub-processing areas associated with the processing operation, the corresponding process design intentions and the process situation merging relationship among the sub-processing areas, a macro process of extracting parts through bottom-to-top clustering is adopted, a process tree after process cause and effect analysis is constructed, and multi-level structural representation of process data is realized, so that the numerical control process reuse guided by the process design intentions is supported.

Description

Process data structured representation method fusing process design intents
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of numerical control process design, in particular to a process data structured representation method fusing process design intents.
Background
With the fourth industrial revolution, the industry 4.0 taking "intellectualization" as soul and "data" as key takes the whole world to promote the upgrading of the industry in the competitive environment of dynamic change, and new challenges are brought to the product manufacture. The process design is an important link of product manufacturing, is an important component of intelligent manufacturing, and the intelligent level of the process design directly influences the quality and efficiency of product manufacturing.
At present, the advanced manufacturing technology represented by CAD/CAM and the like is widely applied in the product manufacturing process, and the data (process data for short) amount of generated three-dimensional CAD models and CAM models (defined as programming files generated by CAM systems, such as CATIA CATProcess files, UG prt files and the like) related to the three-dimensional CAD models is exponentially increased, and the three-dimensional CAD models and the CAM models are the most direct and effective carriers for knowledge, intelligence and experience of designers. However, at present, the problems of process knowledge and experience contained in the process data are not well analyzed and mined, so that the process knowledge and experience contained in the process data cannot be effectively reused.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, there is a need to provide a method for structured characterization of process data with a fused process design intent, which can effectively reuse the process knowledge and experience contained in the process data.
A process data structured characterization method fused with process design intent, the method comprising:
preprocessing process data, constructing a geometric dependence relationship among the sub-processing regions in the sub-processing region set according to the generated sub-processing region set, and extracting process parameters;
analyzing the association relation between each sub-processing area and the processing operation according to the process parameters, and associating each sub-processing area with the processing operation;
capturing the process design intention of the associated processing operation of the sub-processing areas, and extracting the process situation merging relation among the sub-processing areas;
and according to the sub-processing areas associated with the processing operation, the corresponding process design intentions and the process situation combination relationship among the sub-processing areas, extracting the macro process of the part through bottom-to-top clustering, and constructing a process tree after process cause and effect analysis.
In one embodiment, the step of preprocessing the process data, constructing a geometric dependency relationship between the sub-processing regions in the sub-processing region set according to the generated sub-processing region set, and extracting the process parameters includes:
segmenting a three-dimensional CAD model in the process data from the angle of manufacturability, generating a sub-processing region set, and constructing the geometric dependence relationship of each sub-processing region in the sub-processing region set;
and extracting the process parameters interactively set by the designer from the CAM model.
In one embodiment, the step of analyzing the association relationship between each sub-processing region and the processing operation according to the process parameters to associate each sub-processing region with the processing operation includes:
and determining the association relationship between each sub-processing area and the processing operation by calculating whether the projection point of the tool position track point on the manufacturing characteristic processing surface is in the solid surface, and associating each sub-processing area with the processing operation.
In one embodiment, the capturing of the process design intent of the associated processing operation of the sub-processing regions, and the extracting of the process context merging relationship between the sub-processing regions includes:
judging the stage of the machining operation according to the machining allowance, and extracting the process situation merging relationship among the sub-machining areas according to the type of the sub-machining area reasoning machining stage associated with the machining operation.
In one embodiment, the step of constructing a process tree after process cause and effect analysis by extracting a macro process of a part through bottom-up clustering according to the sub-machining regions associated with the machining operation, the corresponding process design intent, and the process context combination relationship among the sub-machining regions includes:
obtaining a sub-processing area set SMR of a macro technological process according to the sub-processing area associated with the processing operation;
clustering the machining operations which have the same process design intention, adopt the same cutter and are in the axial direction in sequence to obtain a step set WS of the macro-process;
clustering the axial steps belonging to the same machining stage and adopting the same cutter in sequence to obtain a working procedure set WP of a macroscopic technological process;
clustering the processes with the same cutter axial direction in sequence, and extracting a station set WO of the macroscopic technological process;
and forming a tree type hierarchical structure by the station WO, the working procedure WP, the working step WS and the sub-machining area SMR to obtain the process tree after process cause and effect analysis.
According to the process data structured representation method fusing the process design intention, the process data are preprocessed, the geometric dependency relationship among the sub-processing regions in the sub-processing region set is constructed according to the generated sub-processing region set, and the process parameters are extracted; analyzing the association relation between each sub-processing area and the processing operation according to the process parameters, and associating each sub-processing area with the processing operation; capturing process design intents of the associated processing operations of the sub-processing areas, and extracting process situation merging relations among the sub-processing areas; according to the sub-processing areas associated with the processing operation, the corresponding process design intentions and the process situation merging relationship among the sub-processing areas, the process tree after process cause and effect analysis is constructed by extracting the macro process of the part through bottom-to-top clustering, the process design intentions with different granularities can be effectively captured, the multi-level structural representation of process data is realized, and the numerical control process reuse guided by the process design intentions is supported.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a process data structured characterization method incorporating process design intent, according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-axis CNC milling part in one embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic partial structure diagram of a three-axis CNC milling part in one embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the capture of process design intent for sub-process zone associated processing operations in one embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a method for structured characterization of process data fused with design intent of process is provided, comprising the following steps:
step S220, preprocessing the process data, constructing a geometric dependence relationship among the sub-processing regions in the sub-processing region set according to the generated sub-processing region set, and extracting process parameters.
In one embodiment, the method comprises the steps of preprocessing process data, constructing a geometric dependence relationship between each sub-processing region in the sub-processing region set according to the generated sub-processing region set, and extracting process parameters, wherein the method comprises the steps of segmenting a three-dimensional CAD model in the process data from the aspect of manufacturability, generating the sub-processing region set, and constructing the geometric dependence relationship of each sub-processing region in the sub-processing region set; and extracting the process parameters interactively set by the designer from the CAM model.
The process data usually includes both a three-dimensional CAD model from a part design stage and a CAM model from a part manufacturing stage, and is a comprehensive carrier for CAD and CAM correlation analysis. The process data preprocessing mainly comprises the segmentation of the three-dimensional CAD model in the process data from the aspect of manufacturability to generate a sub-processing area set, and the extraction of process parameters, such as driving geometry, a cutter, direction and the like, interactively set by a designer in the CAM model.
Step S240, analyzing the association relationship between each sub-processing region and the processing operation according to the process parameters, and associating each sub-processing region with the processing operation.
In one embodiment, the step of associating each sub-machining region with a machining operation by analyzing the association between each sub-machining region and the machining operation based on the process parameters comprises: and determining the association relation between each sub-processing area and the processing operation by calculating whether the projection point of the tool position track point on the manufacturing characteristic processing surface is in the solid surface, and associating each sub-processing area with the processing operation.
The sub-machining region SMR is defined as a machining surface set S satisfying the following 3 conditions, condition 1: for any two processing surfaces f in the processing surface set SiAnd fjThere is a connection fiAnd fjAnd each side in L is a non-convex side; condition 2: for a given feasible tool axis njHas and only one face bjPerpendicular to njWherein b isjCalled bottom surface, while the other surfaces constitute side sets Sj(ii) a Condition 3: at least one tool axis n satisfying condition 2j(niE N), wherein N is a feasible tool axial set.
Machining operation opt(SMRi) SMR defined as sub-process regioniThe specific implementation of the process design intent (e.g., roughing, contour finishing, bottom finishing, etc.) at time t is primarily driven by the drive geometry DtTool TtAxial direction n of the tooltCutting parameters
Figure BDA0003250088530000051
And the like. The tool path is defined as the path the cutting tool follows during the machining process for each machining operation, and the tool path point is defined as the spatial location point in the tool machining process.
Sub-process region SMR and process operation optThe method for judging the incidence relation between the tool position and the tool position mainly comprises the step of calculating whether a projection point of a tool position track point on a processing surface is positioned inside an entity surface. False stator machining region SMR and machining operation optWherein the bottom surface of the SMR is fBThe contour surface is set to S, and the machining operation optThe corresponding tool position track is composed of n tool position points and is recorded as: opt={piI is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n. For any knife position pi(pi∈opt) If f isBNot null, calculate point piAt the surface fBIf p satisfies: p is as large as fBAnd | ppi‖≤Δ11Bottom face allowance), ppi·n(p)>0, wherein n (p) is the face fBAt the normal vector at point p, then, cool (f) is labeledB) True, otherwise bool (f)B) Is false; similarly, if S is not empty, for any profile surface f in SSCalculating a point piAt the surface fSIf p satisfies: p is as large as fSAnd | ppi‖≤Δ2+R(Δ2For side machining allowance, R is the tool radius), ppi·n(p)>0, wherein n (p) is the face fSAt the normal vector at point p, then, cool (f) is labeledB) True, otherwise bool (f)B) Is false.
Depending on the type of the sub machining region SMR, several cases of the sub machining region-to-machining operation association determination are given below:
case 1: SMR is a facet characteristic, i.e., S is empty when boul (f)B) When true, optAssociating with the SMR;
case 2: SMR is a profile feature, i.e. fBWhen it is empty, when the pool (f)S) When true, optAssociating with the SMR;
case 3: SMR is a cavity feature, i.e. fBWhen it is not empty with S, when cool (f)B) With pool (f)S) All are true, optAssociated with the SMR.
In the following, a sub-process region SMR and process operation op are giventAssociated examples, as shown in FIG. 2Showing that the three-axis numerical control milling part extracts one manufacturing characteristic F, the solid geometric model of the part is vol (F), as shown in figure 3, because FBNeither S nor S is empty, so the sub-process region SMR is a cavity feature. FIG. 3 shows the knife position piAt the bottom surface fBAnd contour surface fSRespectively is p1And p2As can be seen in FIG. 3, p1∈fB,p2∈fSBut p is1And p2Does not satisfy the distance constraint and therefore cannot be selected from piJudging the machining operation opAssociation with feature F; and the knife position point pjAnd pkRespectively to the face fBAnd fSSatisfy all constraints, so the machining operation optAssociated with the sub-process region SMR.
Step S260, capturing the process design intention of the associated processing operation of the sub-processing areas, and extracting the process situation merging relation among the sub-processing areas.
In one embodiment, the capturing of the process design intent of the associated processing operation of the sub-processing areas, and the extracting of the process context merging relationship among the sub-processing areas comprises: judging the stage of the machining operation according to the machining allowance, and reasoning the type of the machining stage according to the sub-machining areas associated with the machining operation to extract the process situation merging relationship among the sub-machining areas.
The process design intent is that the CAM model in the part manufacturing stage mainly comprises rough machining, secondary rough machining, contour semi (fine) machining, bottom surface semi (fine) machining and the like, wherein the rough machining mainly removes most of residues on the surface of each machining layer, other machining operations depend on the rough machining, and the shape of the machining surface is generated through radial and longitudinal dynamic expansion of a rough machining area. The designer has a specific practical intention for the machining operation to be performed on the surface of the workpiece to be machined, such as contour roughing, bottom surface finishing, etc. The designer often can not mark specific intentions in the design process, and the specific process design intentions are extracted and marked in the application. The machining allowance is defined as the thickness of a metal layer (to be cut off) reserved on the surface of the part, wherein the excess metal on the surface to be machined on the workpiece is removed by a mechanical machining method in the machining process of the part to obtain the machined surface required by design.
For any one processing operation optAll have specific process design intents, such as rough machining, finish machining, bottom surface machining, contour machining and the like. The core of the process design intent capture is to judge the stage of the machining operation, such as rough machining, semi-finishing, etc., based on the machining allowance, and to infer the type of the machining stage, such as bottom finish, contour finish, etc., based on the sub-machining region associated with the machining operation. It is thus necessary to extract the machining allowance for each machining operation and to construct an association of the machining operation and the sub-machining region.
Referring to fig. 4, an example of sub-machining region associated machining operation process design intent capture is presented. Suppose SMR9The tool used at time t is D4, the radial machining allowance deltarAllowance delta of axial machiningaAre all 0 mm. Before time t, SMR9A rough machining (. delta.) has been carried out using a cutter D8r=0.2,δa0.1). According to the drive geometry Dt,SMR9A sub-actual effective processing area in this process context is the SREMRt 910. As can be seen in FIG. 4, the SREMRt 910Consisting of 3 parts, i.e. 4 MGsR1 MGFAnd 1 MGPTherefore, the machining operation op has three process design intents of contour finish machining, secondary rough machining and bottom finish machining.
The process context merged relationship means that two machining operations have the same process design intent and the same tool axis direction, i.e., there is a merged relationship. On the basis of capturing the design intention of the machining operation process, according to the definition of the dynamic machining characteristics, the dynamic machining characteristics of the machining operation op in each machining layer can be identified through hierarchical iterative clustering of the machining operation op related sub-machining region SMR. Giving 2 sub-process regions SMR with geometric dependencegWith SMRi(SMRiRelying on SMRg) If they satisfy the following condition at time t: (1) SMR (SMR)gWith SMRiThe same process design intention C is achieved; (2) SMR (SMR)gWith SMRiBelonging to the same drive geometry, can be combined into one dynamic machining feature. Thus, in Process scenario C, SMRgWith SMRiThere is a merging relationship between them. If 2 sub-process regions SMRiWith SMRjThere is a process context merge relationship between them, then SMRiWith SMRjMay be processed together in process scenario C.
And step S280, according to the sub-processing areas associated with the processing operation, the corresponding process design intentions and the process situation combination relationship among the sub-processing areas, extracting the macro process of the part through bottom-to-top clustering, and constructing a process tree after process cause and effect analysis.
In one embodiment, the step of constructing a process tree after process cause and effect analysis by extracting a macro process of a part through bottom-up clustering according to sub-processing areas associated with processing operations, corresponding process design intentions and process scenario combination relations among the sub-processing areas comprises:
obtaining a sub-processing area set SMR of a macro technological process according to the sub-processing area associated with the processing operation; clustering the machining operations which have the same process design intention, adopt the same cutter and are in the axial direction in sequence to obtain a step set WS of the macro-process; clustering the axial steps belonging to the same machining stage and adopting the same cutter in sequence to obtain a working procedure set WP of a macroscopic technological process; clustering the processes with the same cutter axial direction in sequence, and extracting a station set WO of the macroscopic technological process; and forming a tree type hierarchical structure by the station WO, the working procedure WP, the working step WS and the sub-machining area SMR to obtain the process tree after process cause and effect analysis.
The bottom-up clustering refers to obtaining a sub-machining area set SMR of a macro technological process according to sub-machining areas associated with machining operation; clustering the machining operations which have the same process design intention, adopt the same cutter and are in the axial direction in sequence to obtain a step set WS of the macro-process; clustering the axial steps belonging to the same machining stage and adopting the same cutter in sequence to obtain a working procedure set WP of a macroscopic technological process; and clustering the processes with the same cutter axial direction in sequence, and extracting a station set WO of the macroscopic technological process.
The process tree after process cause and effect analysis is constructed, and the process tree comprises the following steps:
the data after the process cause and effect analysis comprises the work station, the combined process information, the combined process step information and the associated sub-processing area information. The work station WO, the working procedure WP, the working step WS and the sub-processing area SMR form a tree-type hierarchical structure, namely SMR belongs to WS and WP. Thus, from top to bottom, as the hierarchy goes deeper, i.e., from workstation WO to sub-process region SMR, process information will be given in detail.
According to the process data structured representation method fusing the process design intention, the process data are preprocessed, the geometric dependency relationship among the sub-processing regions in the sub-processing region set is constructed according to the generated sub-processing region set, and the process parameters are extracted; analyzing the association relation between each sub-processing area and the processing operation according to the process parameters, and associating each sub-processing area with the processing operation; capturing process design intents of the associated processing operations of the sub-processing areas, and extracting process situation merging relations among the sub-processing areas; according to the sub-processing areas associated with the processing operation, the corresponding process design intentions and the process situation merging relationship among the sub-processing areas, the process tree after process cause and effect analysis is constructed by extracting the macro process of the part through bottom-to-top clustering, the process design intentions with different granularities can be effectively captured, the multi-level structural representation of process data is realized, and the numerical control process reuse guided by the process design intentions is supported.
It should be understood that, although the steps in the flowchart of fig. 1 are shown in order as indicated by the arrows, the steps are not necessarily performed in order as indicated by the arrows. The steps are not performed in the exact order shown and described, and may be performed in other orders, unless explicitly stated otherwise. Moreover, at least a portion of the steps in fig. 1 may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages that are not necessarily performed at the same time, but may be performed at different times, and the order of performance of the sub-steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but may be performed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least a portion of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.
The technical features of the above embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, but should be considered as the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (5)

1.一种融合工艺设计意图的工艺数据结构化表征方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括:1. a process data structure characterization method of fusion process design intent, is characterized in that, described method comprises: 对工艺数据进行预处理,根据生成的子加工区域集,构建所述子加工区域集中各子加工区域之间的几何依赖关系,并提取工艺参数;Preprocessing the process data, constructing the geometrical dependencies between the sub-processing areas in the sub-processing area set according to the generated sub-processing area set, and extracting the process parameters; 根据所述工艺参数,分析各所述子加工区域与加工操作之间的关联关系,将各所述子加工区域与加工操作相关联;According to the process parameters, analyzing the association relationship between each of the sub-processing regions and the machining operations, and associating each of the sub-processing regions with the machining operations; 对所述子加工区域关联加工操作的工艺设计意图捕获,提取各所述子加工区域之间工艺情境合并关系;Capture the process design intent of the associated processing operations in the sub-processing areas, and extract the process context merge relationship between the sub-processing areas; 根据加工操作关联的子加工区域、对应的工艺设计意图以及各所述子加工区域之间工艺情境合并关系,通过自底向上聚类提取零件的宏观工艺过程,构建工艺因果解析后的工艺树。According to the sub-processing areas associated with the processing operations, the corresponding process design intent, and the process context merging relationship between the sub-processing areas, the macro-process process of the part is extracted by bottom-up clustering, and a process tree after process causal analysis is constructed. 2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述对工艺数据进行预处理,根据生成的子加工区域集,构建所述子加工区域集中各子加工区域之间的几何依赖关系,并提取工艺参数的步骤,包括:2 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the process data is preprocessed, and a geometrical dependency relationship between each sub-processing area in the sub-processing area set is constructed according to the generated sub-processing area set, 2 . And the steps of extracting process parameters, including: 对工艺数据中三维CAD模型从可制造性角度的分割,生成子加工区域集,构建所述子加工区域集中各子加工区域的几何依赖关系;Segmenting the three-dimensional CAD model in the process data from the perspective of manufacturability, generating a sub-processing area set, and constructing the geometric dependency of each sub-processing area in the sub-processing area set; 从CAM模型中提取设计人员交互设定工艺参数。The designer interactively sets the process parameters by extracting from the CAM model. 3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述根据所述工艺参数,分析各所述子加工区域与加工操作之间的关联关系,将各所述子加工区域与加工操作相关联的步骤,包括:3 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein, according to the process parameters, the relationship between each of the sub-processing regions and the machining operations is analyzed, and each of the sub-processing regions is related to the machining operations. 4 . Linking steps, including: 通过计算刀位轨迹点在制造特征加工面上的投影点是否在实体面内部,确定各所述子加工区域与加工操作之间的关联关系,将各所述子加工区域与加工操作相关联。By calculating whether the projection point of the tool position trajectory point on the machining surface of the manufacturing feature is inside the solid surface, the association relationship between each sub machining area and the machining operation is determined, and each sub machining area is associated with the machining operation. 4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述对所述子加工区域关联加工操作的工艺设计意图捕获,提取各所述子加工区域之间工艺情境合并关系包括:4 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the capturing of the process design intent of the associated processing operations on the sub-processing areas, and extracting the process context merging relationship between the sub-processing areas comprises: 5 . 根据加工余量判断加工操作的阶段,以及根据所述加工操作所关联的子加工区域推理加工阶段的类型,提取各所述子加工区域之间工艺情境合并关系。The stage of the machining operation is judged according to the machining allowance, and the type of the machining stage is inferred according to the sub-machining region associated with the machining operation, and the process context merge relationship between the sub-machining regions is extracted. 5.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述根据加工操作关联的子加工区域、对应的工艺设计意图以及各所述子加工区域之间工艺情境合并关系,通过自底向上聚类提取零件的宏观工艺过程,构建工艺因果解析后的工艺树的步骤,包括:5 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the sub-processing areas associated according to the processing operations, the corresponding process design intentions, and the process context merging relationship between the sub-processing areas are collected by bottom-up aggregation. 6 . The macro process of extracting parts, and the steps of constructing a process tree after process causal analysis, including: 根据加工操作关联的子加工区域,获得宏观工艺过程的子加工区域集SMR;Obtain the sub-processing area set SMR of the macro process according to the sub-processing area associated with the processing operation; 依序对具有相同工艺设计意图、采用同一刀具与轴向的加工操作进行聚类,获得宏观工艺过程的工步集WS;Clustering the machining operations with the same process design intention and using the same tool and axial direction in sequence to obtain the work step set WS of the macro process; 依序对属于同一个加工阶段、采用同一刀具轴向的工步进行聚类,获得宏观工艺过程的工序集WP;The steps belonging to the same processing stage and using the same tool axis are clustered in sequence, and the process set WP of the macro process is obtained; 以及依序对具有相同刀具轴向的工序进行聚类,提取宏观工艺过程的工位集WO;And sequentially cluster the processes with the same tool axis, and extract the station set WO of the macro process; 将工位WO、工序WP、工步WS与子加工区域SMR将构成一个树型层次结构,获得工艺因果解析后的工艺树。The work station WO, the process WP, the work step WS and the sub-processing area SMR will form a tree-type hierarchical structure, and the process tree after the process causal analysis is obtained.
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