CN113945279B - Test method for solar diffuse reflection calibration aperture factor of space optical remote sensing instrument - Google Patents
Test method for solar diffuse reflection calibration aperture factor of space optical remote sensing instrument Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
- G01J1/56—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter using radiation pressure or radiometer effect
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Abstract
The invention discloses a testing method of solar diffuse reflection scaling aperture factors of a space optical remote sensing instrument, which comprises the following steps: (1) Placing a full-aperture diffuse reflection plate which is in the same batch, material and process as the diffuse reflection plate in the on-board calibration cabin and is parallel to the diffuse reflection plate; (2) a collimated light source illuminating a full aperture diffuse reflecting plate; (3) The remote sensing instrument and the spectrum radiometer synchronously observe the full aperture diffuse reflection plate; (4) a local aperture diffuse reflection plate illuminated by a collimated light source; (5) The remote sensing instrument and the spectrum radiometer synchronously observe the local aperture diffuse reflection plate; (6) calculating a weighted average spectral radiance; (7) calculating a system level measurement of the aperture factor. The method and the process are simple and easy to implement, and have good universality; the full aperture and local aperture diffuse reflection plate comparison measurement method based on the system-level complete link is adopted, and the diffuse reflection plate is synchronously monitored.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of optical remote sensing instrument radiometric calibration, and particularly relates to a method for testing solar diffuse reflection calibration aperture factors of a space optical remote sensing instrument.
Background
At present, the international mainstream typical space optical remote sensing instrument basically adopts an on-orbit absolute radiation calibration technical scheme of a solar+ diffuse reflection plate or a solar+ attenuation screen+ diffuse reflection plate, and uniform and highly stable solar radiation is introduced to serve as a standard source for on-orbit radiation calibration of a reflection band. Ideally, a full aperture, full optical path, full field of view solar diffuse reflector calibration scheme is preferred. In the design stage of the space optical remote sensing instrument, the size of the diffuse reflection plate can not realize the full aperture under the constraint of factors such as volume, weight, optical mechanical structure layout and the like, and a solar diffuse reflection calibration scheme with local aperture is usually adopted.
One parameter that is very important for a local aperture scheme is the aperture factor. The method for obtaining the aperture factor mainly comprises a partial aperture and full aperture diaphragm geometric dimension measurement method, an optical software system simulation method and the like, and the aperture factors given by the methods are basically ideal values. For a remote sensing instrument with a complex system structure, the value can be very different from the real aperture factor of the system, and the accuracy of solar diffuse reflection calibration is seriously affected.
Therefore, a system-level test method for calibrating the aperture factor by solar diffuse reflection of the space optical remote sensing instrument needs to be researched, and the measurement accuracy of the aperture factor is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the prior method can only give the theoretical value of the aperture factor and cannot realize the system-level high-precision measurement of the aperture factor, and severely restricts the solar diffuse reflection calibration precision of a remote sensing instrument. The invention provides a system-level high-precision test method for solar diffuse reflection calibration aperture factors of a space optical remote sensing instrument.
In order to solve the problems, the method for testing the solar diffuse reflection calibration aperture factor of the space optical remote sensing instrument comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Placing a diffuse reflection plate with the same batch, same material, same process and parallel full aperture size as the diffuse reflection plate in the on-board calibration cabin at the forefront end of a ground observation light path of the remote sensing instrument;
(2) Adopting a high-stability and high-repeatability collimation light source to simulate the divergence angle of the sun and the full aperture diffuse reflection plate in the intensity illumination step (1);
(3) Observing and collecting the response signal of the illuminated full-aperture diffuse reflection plate in the step (2) by a remote sensing instrument, and marking the response signal as DN full The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Synchronously adopting a high-precision standard transfer spectrum radiometer to measure the spectrum radiance of the diffuse reflection plate in the same observation direction as that of a remote sensing instrument, and recording as
(4) Adjusting the position of a remote sensing instrument to enable the collimation light sources in the same state in the step (2) to illuminate the local aperture diffuse reflection plate in the on-satellite calibration cabin in the same incidence direction;
(5) Observing and collecting diffuse reflection plate response signals in the illuminated on-board calibration cabin in the step (4) by a remote sensing instrument, and marking the signals as DN par The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Synchronously adopting a high-precision standard transfer spectrum radiometer to measure the spectrum radiance of the diffuse reflection plate in the same observation direction as that of a remote sensing instrument, and recording as
(6) Calculating a weighted average spectral radiance over a bandAnd->
(7) According to a radiation calibration equation L=f (DN) of a ground observation light path of a remote sensing instrument before emission, calculating an on-board solar diffuse reflection calibration aperture factor by combining the response signals measured in the steps and the weighted average spectrum radianceWhere L is the radiance received by the instrument, DN is the response signal of the instrument, and f is a functional expression of the scaling equation.
Preferably, the weighted average spectral radiance in the band of step (6)Wherein lambda is wavelength lambda 1 、λ 2 The lower and upper wavelength limits, respectively; r (λ) is the instrument spectral response function of the pre-emission laboratory measurement.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the following advantages:
the testing method and the testing flow are simple and easy to implement, and have good universality.
The invention adopts the method for comparing and measuring the full aperture diffuse reflection plate of the earth observation light path and the local aperture diffuse reflection plate in the on-board calibration cabin, the method is based on the system-level real full link test process of the remote sensing instrument, and adopts the high-precision standard transmission spectrum radiometer to synchronously monitor the spectrum radiance of the diffuse reflection plate in the test process, and the measurement result of the method is closer to the system true value than the prior method, and has higher measurement precision no matter the relative distribution or absolute value of aperture factors between wave bands or fields.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an implementation of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the drawings.
The specific implementation of the test method of the solar diffuse reflection scaling aperture factor of the space optical remote sensing instrument disclosed by the invention requires 7 steps as shown in figure 1.
(1) And placing the full-aperture size diffuse reflection plate.
And placing a diffuse reflection plate with the same batch, same material and same process as the diffuse reflection plate in the on-board calibration cabin at the forefront end of the earth observation light path of the remote sensing instrument.
And adjusting the full-aperture diffuse reflection plate to be parallel to the local aperture diffuse reflection plate in the on-board calibration cabin by using auxiliary adjusting tools such as a theodolite, a two-dimensional turntable and a marker mirror and the like of the full-aperture diffuse reflection plate.
(2) The collimation light source illuminates the full aperture diffuse reflecting plate.
The full aperture diffuse reflection plate in the step (1) is illuminated by adopting a high-stability and high-repeatability collimation light source (similar to a solar simulator) to simulate the divergence angle and the intensity of the sun.
The beam width of the collimated light source is required to completely cover the full aperture diffuse reflector surface.
(3) The remote sensing instrument and the standard transmission spectrum radiometer synchronously observe the full aperture diffuse reflection plate.
After the collimation light source in the step (2) is in a stable state, the remote sensing instrument observes and acquires the response signal DN of the illuminated full-aperture diffuse reflection plate full 。
The spectrum radiance of the diffuse reflection plate is measured synchronously or quasi-synchronously by adopting a high-precision standard transmission spectrum radiometer to keep the same observation direction as a remote sensing instrument
(4) The collimation light source illuminates the partial aperture diffuse reflecting plate.
And (3) adjusting the position of the remote sensing instrument to enable the collimation light sources in the same state in the step (2) to illuminate the local aperture diffuse reflection plate in the on-satellite calibration cabin in the same incidence direction. Here, "the same state" mainly means that parameters such as stability, divergence angle, intensity and the like of the collimated light source are consistent with those in the step (2); the same incidence direction means that the included angle between the illumination direction of the collimation light source and the normal direction of the diffuse reflection plate is consistent with that in the step (2).
Also, the beam width of the collimated light source is required to completely cover the surface of the local aperture diffuse reflecting plate in the on-board calibration chamber.
(5) The remote sensing instrument and the standard transmission spectrum radiometer synchronously observe the local aperture diffuse reflection plate.
After the collimation light source in the step (4) is in a stable state, the remote sensing instrument observes and acquires a diffuse reflection plate response signal DN in the illuminated on-board calibration cabin par 。
Using high precision for synchronisation or quasisynchronisationThe standard transmission spectrum radiometer keeps the same observation direction as the remote sensing instrument to measure the spectrum radiance of the diffuse reflection plate
(6) Calculating a weighted average spectral radiance over a bandAnd->
Calculating the weighted average spectral radiance in the wave band when observing the full aperture diffuse reflection plate according to the spectral response function R (lambda) of the instrument measured by the laboratory before emissionAnd weighted average spectral radiance when observing a local aperture diffuse reflection plate +.>Wherein lambda is wavelength lambda 1 、λ 2 The lower and upper wavelength limits, respectively.
(7) A system level measurement of the aperture factor is calculated.
According to a radiation calibration equation L=f (DN) of a ground observation light path of a remote sensing instrument before emission, calculating an on-board solar diffuse reflection calibration aperture factor by combining the response signals measured in the steps and the weighted average spectrum radianceWhere L is the radiance received by the instrument, DN is the response signal of the instrument, and f is a functional expression of the scaling equation.
The above description is only an example of the invention and is not intended to limit the embodiments, nor is it intended to be exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions or obvious changes or variations from these will occur to those skilled in the art, which are within the spirit and principles of the present invention, are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The method for testing the solar diffuse reflection calibration aperture factor of the space optical remote sensing instrument is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Placing a diffuse reflection plate with the same batch, same material, same process and parallel full aperture size as the diffuse reflection plate in the on-board calibration cabin at the forefront end of a ground observation light path of the remote sensing instrument;
(2) Adopting a high-stability and high-repeatability collimation light source to simulate the divergence angle of the sun and the full aperture diffuse reflection plate in the intensity illumination step (1);
(3) Observing and collecting the response signal of the illuminated full-aperture diffuse reflection plate in the step (2) by a remote sensing instrument, and marking the response signal as DN full The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Synchronously adopting a high-precision standard transfer spectrum radiometer to measure the spectrum radiance of the diffuse reflection plate in the same observation direction as that of a remote sensing instrument, and recording asLambda is the wavelength;
(4) Adjusting the position of a remote sensing instrument to enable the collimation light sources in the same state in the step (2) to illuminate the local aperture diffuse reflection plate in the on-satellite calibration cabin in the same incidence direction;
(5) Observing and collecting diffuse reflection plate response signals in the illuminated on-board calibration cabin in the step (4) by a remote sensing instrument, and marking the signals as DN par The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Synchronously adopting a high-precision standard transfer spectrum radiometer to measure the spectrum radiance of the diffuse reflection plate in the same observation direction as that of a remote sensing instrument, and recording asLambda is the wavelength;
(6) Calculating the weighted average spectral radiance in the band of two measurementsAnd->
(7) According to a radiation calibration equation L=f (DN) of a ground observation light path of a remote sensing instrument before emission, calculating an on-board solar diffuse reflection calibration aperture factor by combining the response signals measured in the steps and the weighted average spectrum radianceWhere L is the radiance received by the instrument, DN is the response signal of the instrument, and f is a functional expression of the scaling equation.
2. The method for measuring solar diffuse reflection scaling aperture factor of spatial optical remote sensing instrument as defined in claim 1, wherein step (6) is characterized by weighted average spectral radiance in said bandWherein lambda is wavelength lambda 1 、λ 2 The lower and upper wavelength limits, respectively; r (λ) is the instrument spectral response function of the pre-emission laboratory measurement.
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