CN113896389A - Method for high-pressure homogeneous anaerobic digestion of high-solid-content sludge - Google Patents
Method for high-pressure homogeneous anaerobic digestion of high-solid-content sludge Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of environment, and discloses a method for high-pressure homogeneous anaerobic digestion of sludge with high solid content, which comprises the following steps: step one, collecting sludge, and placing the sludge into high-pressure equipment for high-pressure homogenization; step two, starting high-pressure equipment to perform high-pressure homogenization on the sludge inside; step three, taking out the sludge after high-pressure homogenization, and sealing and placing; step four, adding sludge into the biogas slurry, mixing and inoculating to obtain a mixed solution; and step five, carrying out anaerobic fermentation on the inoculated mixed liquor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environment, in particular to a method for high-pressure homogeneous anaerobic digestion of sludge with high solid content.
Background
Sludge usually contains pathogenic microorganisms, harmful heavy metals, refractory organic matters and other substances, and secondary pollution can be caused if the sludge is not treated properly. The anaerobic digestion technology means that biodegradable organic matters in the sludge are decomposed into carbon dioxide, methane, water and the like by anaerobic bacteria and facultative bacteria under the anaerobic condition. Compared with other sludge treatment technologies, the anaerobic digestion technology not only has the advantages of sludge reduction and stabilization, but also can generate biogas to realize sludge recycling.
The solid content is 2-4% in the traditional anaerobic digestion process, and the traditional anaerobic digestion process has the defects of long treatment period, low gas production efficiency, large facility volume and the like; on the other hand, sludge produced by many sewage plants has a low organic matter content and a low gas production per unit volume. In addition, because the construction cost of the sludge treatment facility is high, the sludge treatment facility is imperatively constructed to intensively treat the sludge, and the sludge needs to be dewatered during transportation to reduce the volume and save the cost, so the anaerobic digestion of the sludge with high solid content becomes the research focus of the anaerobic digestion technology at present.
Studies have shown that the sludge hydrolysis process is the rate limiting step of the anaerobic digestion process. Most organic matters in the sludge exist in microbial cells, and the cell walls are difficult to degrade and hydrolyze. The pretreatment is carried out before the anaerobic digestion of the sludge, so that the sludge cell wall can be effectively broken.
High-pressure homogenization is used as a mechanical crushing technology for dispersion and ultra-fine refinement, and liquid materials or solid materials taking liquid as a carrier can be refined into micron-sized or even nano-sized materials. At present, the high-pressure homogenization technology is rarely researched in the environmental field, and because the large particle content of the high-solid sludge is high, the particles are easy to damage a homogenization valve and cause blockage, the high-pressure homogenization technology is not applied to the anaerobic digestion pretreatment and anaerobic digestion of the high-solid sludge
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for high-pressure homogeneous anaerobic digestion of sludge with high solid content, which has the advantages of realizing the reduction, stabilization, recycling and the like of the sludge by the method for high-pressure homogeneous anaerobic digestion of the sludge with high solid content and solves the technical problems.
(II) technical scheme
In order to realize the method for high-pressure homogeneous anaerobic digestion of high-solid sludge and the purposes of sludge reduction, stabilization and recycling, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for high-pressure homogeneous anaerobic digestion of sludge with high solid content comprises the following steps:
step one, collecting sludge, and placing the sludge into high-pressure equipment for high-pressure homogenization;
step two, starting high-pressure equipment to perform high-pressure homogenization on the sludge inside;
step three, taking out the sludge after high-pressure homogenization, and sealing and placing;
step four, adding sludge into the biogas slurry, mixing and inoculating to obtain a mixed solution;
and step five, carrying out anaerobic fermentation on the inoculated mixed liquor.
Preferably, the sludge is selected and prepared from sludge with sludge concentration of 7% -10%.
By adopting the technical scheme, the anaerobic fermentation can be efficiently carried out under the concentration by the sludge with the concentration of 7-10%, the homogenizer is not blocked, and the large-particle-size particles are crushed by the crusher.
Preferably, when the sludge is homogenized in high-pressure equipment, the pressure is 20-50 MPa.
According to the technical scheme, the high-solid sludge is cracked by adopting a high-pressure homogenizer under the pressure condition of 20-50 MPa and the homogenization times of 1-4 times, so that the microbial cell walls in the sludge are crushed in a short time under the condition of not changing the chemical properties of the sludge, intracellular substances such as protein, polysaccharide and the like are rapidly released, and the soluble organic substances are easily utilized by subsequent anaerobic digestion.
Preferably, the high-pressure homogenization of the sludge in high-pressure equipment is performed for 1-4 times.
By the technical scheme, cell walls of microorganisms in sludge with the concentration of 7% -10% can be crushed by selecting the range of 1-4 times, resources are wasted if the times are too many, two process parameters of homogenization pressure and homogenization times are optimized by utilizing a method for pretreating high-solid sludge by high-pressure homogenization to promote anaerobic digestion, the higher the homogenization pressure is, the higher the SCOD of the homogenized sludge is, the better the sludge cracking effect is, and the higher the gas yield of subsequent anaerobic digestion is; the homogenization frequency is higher, the sludge SCOD after homogenization is higher, the sludge cracking effect is better, and the increase of the homogenization frequency is limited to the increase of the subsequent anaerobic digestion gas production.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the sludge to the biogas slurry is 1: 2.
by adopting the technical scheme, the sludge and the biogas slurry are optimally mixed according to the proportion of 1: 2.
Preferably, the reaction temperature is controlled to be 35-38 ℃ when the biogas slurry is added into sludge for mixed inoculation.
By adopting the technical scheme, the inoculum is taken from the anaerobic digestion tank, and the gas production rate is most beneficial to sludge treatment at the temperature of 35-38 ℃.
Preferably, the anaerobic fermentation is carried out for 15-20d under anaerobic conditions.
By the technical scheme, after high-solid sludge is subjected to high-pressure homogenization pretreatment, the concentration of SCOD is increased to 10950mg/L to the maximum extent, and is 46.9 times of that of original sludge. After 50MPa, the gas production rate of the sludge homogenized once reaches 1991ml, which is improved by 34 percent compared with the sludge which is not pretreated; the gas production rate of the pretreated sludge is obviously higher than that of the original sludge; after pretreatment, the methane content in the produced gas is slightly increased, and the methane yield is increased by 31.78%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a method for high-pressure homogeneous anaerobic digestion of sludge with high solid content, which has the following beneficial effects:
according to the method for high-pressure homogeneous anaerobic digestion of the sludge with high solid content, the high-pressure homogeneous technology capable of efficiently breaking the sludge with high solid content is adopted, the microbial cell walls in the sludge are broken in a short time under the condition that the chemical properties of the sludge are not changed, intracellular substances such as protein, polysaccharide and the like are rapidly released, the soluble organic substances are easily utilized by subsequent anaerobic digestion, and the anaerobic digestion efficiency of the sludge is improved. After high-pressure homogenization pretreatment, the SCOD concentration of the sludge with high solid content is increased to 10950mg/L, which is 46.9 times of that of the original sludge. After 50MPa, the gas production rate of the sludge homogenized once reaches 1991ml, which is improved by 34 percent compared with the sludge which is not pretreated; the gas production rate of the pretreated sludge is obviously higher than that of the original sludge; the methane content in the gas generated after pretreatment is slightly increased, the methane yield is increased by 31.78%, the process is simple to operate, the effect is obvious, the economic cost is low, and the method has good application prospect, achieves the method for high-pressure homogeneous anaerobic digestion of high-solid sludge, and realizes the beneficial effects of reduction, stabilization and recycling of the sludge.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the effect of pressure on gas production according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the effect of homogenization frequency on gas production according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of the effect of solids concentration on gas production according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-3, a method for high pressure homogeneous anaerobic digestion of high solid content sludge includes the following steps:
step one, collecting sludge, and placing the sludge into high-pressure equipment for high-pressure homogenization;
step two, starting high-pressure equipment to perform high-pressure homogenization on the sludge inside;
step three, taking out the sludge after high-pressure homogenization, and sealing and placing;
step four, adding sludge into the biogas slurry, mixing and inoculating to obtain a mixed solution;
and step five, carrying out anaerobic fermentation on the inoculated mixed liquor.
Specifically, the sludge with the sludge concentration of 7-10% is prepared and selected, and the method has the advantages that the anaerobic fermentation can be efficiently carried out under the concentration of the sludge with the sludge concentration of 7-10%, a homogenizer is not blocked, and large-particle-size particles are crushed by a crusher.
Specifically, when the sludge is homogenized in a high-pressure device, the pressure is 20-50 MPa, and the method has the advantages that the high-solid sludge is cracked by adopting a high-pressure homogenizer under the pressure condition of 20-50 MPa and the homogenization times of 1-4 times, so that the microbial cell walls in the sludge are cracked in a short time under the condition of not changing the chemical properties of the sludge, intracellular substances such as protein, polysaccharide and the like are rapidly released, and the soluble organic substances are easily utilized by subsequent anaerobic digestion.
Specifically, the high-pressure homogenization of the sludge in the high-pressure equipment is performed for 1-4 times, and the method has the advantages that the cell walls of microorganisms in the sludge with the concentration of 7-10% can be crushed by selecting the range of 1-4 times, resources are wasted if the times are too many, two process parameters of homogenization pressure and homogenization times are optimized by using a method for pretreating high-solid-content sludge to promote anaerobic digestion, the higher the homogenization pressure is, the higher the SCOD of the homogenized sludge is, the better the sludge cracking effect is, and the higher the gas yield of subsequent anaerobic digestion is; the homogenization frequency is higher, the sludge SCOD after homogenization is higher, the sludge cracking effect is better, and the increase of the homogenization frequency is limited to the increase of the subsequent anaerobic digestion gas production.
Specifically, the mass ratio of the sludge to the biogas slurry is 1:2, the method has the advantage that the sludge and the biogas slurry are optimally mixed according to the proportion of 1: 2.
Specifically, when the biogas slurry is added into sludge for mixed inoculation, the reaction temperature is controlled to be 35-38 ℃, and the advantage is that the inoculum is taken from an anaerobic digestion tank, and the biogas production rate is most favorable for sludge treatment through 35-38 ℃.
Specifically, the reaction is carried out for 15-20 days under anaerobic fermentation and anaerobic conditions, and the advantage is that the highest concentration of SCOD (soluble chemical oxygen demand) is increased to 10950mg/L which is 46.9 times of that of the original sludge after the high-solid sludge is subjected to high-pressure homogenization pretreatment. After 50MPa, the gas production rate of the sludge homogenized once reaches 1991ml, which is improved by 34 percent compared with the sludge which is not pretreated; the gas production rate of the pretreated sludge is obviously higher than that of the original sludge; after pretreatment, the methane content in the produced gas is slightly increased, and the methane yield is increased by 31.78%.
Example 1
(1) Diluting a certain amount of sludge with a solid content of 17.10% into sludge with a solid content of 9.10%, and crushing large-particle-size impurities in the sludge by using a 50 colloid mill;
(2) taking 500mL of sludge prepared in the step (1), pouring into a hopper of a high-pressure homogenizer, adjusting the pressure to 50MPa, stirring the sludge in the hopper, obtaining high-pressure homogenized sludge through a discharge hole, homogenizing for 1 time, wherein SCOD reaches 5169.5 mg/L;
(3) 150g of sludge is taken and filled into a 500ml physiological saline bottle, 300g of inoculum is added, nitrogen is introduced for 1min and then sealed, and the produced gas is collected by a drainage and gas collection method. The temperature is controlled at 38 ℃, after anaerobic fermentation for 21d, the gas production rate reaches 1991ml, and the sludge VS removal rate reaches 38.90%.
Example 2
(1) Diluting a certain amount of sludge with a solid content of 17.10% into sludge with a solid content of 7.10%, and crushing large-particle-size impurities in the sludge by using a 50 colloid mill;
(2) taking 500mL of sludge prepared in the step (1), pouring into a hopper of a high-pressure homogenizer, adjusting the pressure to 20MPa, stirring the sludge in the hopper, obtaining the high-pressure homogenized sludge through a discharge hole, and repeatedly homogenizing for 4 times, wherein SCOD reaches 10950 mg/L;
(3) 150g of sludge is taken and filled into a 500mL physiological saline bottle, 300g of inoculum is added, nitrogen is introduced for 1min and then sealed, and the produced gas is collected by a drainage and gas collection method. Controlling the temperature at 38 ℃, wherein after anaerobic fermentation for 21d, the gas production rate reaches 1724ml, and the sludge VS removal rate reaches 45.73%.
Example 3
(1) Taking a certain amount of sludge with a solid content of 4%, concentrating until the solid content is 6.85%, and crushing large-particle-size impurities in the sludge by using a 50 colloid mill;
(2) taking 500ml of sludge prepared in the step (1), pouring the 500ml of sludge into a hopper of a high-pressure homogenizer, adjusting the pressure to 40MPa, stirring the sludge in the hopper, obtaining the high-pressure homogenized sludge through a discharge hole, and repeatedly homogenizing for 3 times, wherein SCOD (cyclic controlled oxygen demand) reaches 4003.5 mg/L;
(3) 150g of sludge is taken and filled into a 500ml physiological saline bottle, 300g of inoculum is added, nitrogen is introduced for 1min and then sealed, and the produced gas is collected by a drainage and gas collection method. Controlling the temperature at 38 ℃, wherein after anaerobic fermentation for 21d, the gas production rate reaches 1304ml, and the sludge VS removal rate reaches 38.43%.
As shown in figure 1, the high-solid sludge is cracked by a high-pressure homogenizer under the pressure of 20-50 MPa, and the gas production is increased along with the increase of the homogenizing pressure. As shown in figure 2, a high-pressure homogenizer is adopted for homogenizing for 1-4 times under the pressure condition of 20-50 MPa, and the accumulated gas production is the highest when the homogenization is carried out once. As shown in fig. 3, according to the technical scheme of the present invention, the influence of the solid concentration of 7% -10% (TS) on the cumulative gas production rate increases as the solid concentration increases within the range of 7% -10%.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. A method for high-pressure homogeneous anaerobic digestion of sludge with high solid content is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, collecting sludge, and placing the sludge into high-pressure equipment for high-pressure homogenization;
step two, starting high-pressure equipment to perform high-pressure homogenization on the sludge inside;
step three, taking out the sludge after high-pressure homogenization, and sealing and placing;
step four, adding sludge into the biogas slurry, mixing and inoculating to obtain a mixed solution;
and step five, carrying out anaerobic fermentation on the inoculated mixed liquor.
2. The method of high pressure homogeneous anaerobic digestion of high solids content sludge as claimed in claim 1 wherein: when the sludge is selected, the sludge with the sludge concentration of 7-10% is prepared.
3. The method of high pressure homogeneous anaerobic digestion of high solids content sludge as claimed in claim 1 wherein: and when the sludge is homogenized in the high-pressure equipment, the pressure is 20-50 MPa.
4. The method of high pressure homogeneous anaerobic digestion of high solids content sludge as claimed in claim 1 wherein: and the high-pressure homogenization of the sludge in the high-pressure equipment is performed for 1-4 times.
5. The method of high pressure homogeneous anaerobic digestion of high solids content sludge as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the mass ratio of the sludge to the biogas slurry is 1: 2.
6. the method of high pressure homogeneous anaerobic digestion of high solids content sludge as claimed in claim 1 wherein: when the biogas slurry is added into sludge for mixed inoculation, the reaction temperature is controlled to be 35-38 ℃.
7. The method of high pressure homogeneous anaerobic digestion of high solids content sludge as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the anaerobic fermentation is carried out for 15-20 days under the anaerobic condition.
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Application publication date: 20220107 |