CN113862016B - Coking coal gradient preheating process and equipment - Google Patents
Coking coal gradient preheating process and equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN113862016B CN113862016B CN202111148360.2A CN202111148360A CN113862016B CN 113862016 B CN113862016 B CN 113862016B CN 202111148360 A CN202111148360 A CN 202111148360A CN 113862016 B CN113862016 B CN 113862016B
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 340
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 69
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000005514 two-phase flow Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 2
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011335 coal coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- RYMZZMVNJRMUDD-HGQWONQESA-N simvastatin Chemical compound C([C@H]1[C@@H](C)C=CC2=C[C@H](C)C[C@@H]([C@H]12)OC(=O)C(C)(C)CC)C[C@@H]1C[C@@H](O)CC(=O)O1 RYMZZMVNJRMUDD-HGQWONQESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/08—Non-mechanical pretreatment of the charge, e.g. desulfurization
- C10B57/10—Drying
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Coke Industry (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a coking coal step preheating process and equipment, wherein the bottom of a coal chute of the coking coal step preheating equipment is connected with the lower part of an airflow vertical pipe through a feeding screw, the lower part of a spouted bed is connected with a gravity moving bed dryer, and a gravity cross flow dryer, a plate type indirect dryer, an angular pipe countercurrent dryer, a coal preheating plate type heater and a coal bin are sequentially arranged from top to bottom. According to the characteristic of different physical properties of coal materials in each stage in the coking coal preheating process, the coking coal preheating process is decomposed into three steps of humidifying, drying and preheating. By adopting the coking coal step preheating process, the coking coal containing 10-12% of water can be subjected to humidity adjustment, drying and preheating in stages under the condition of air isolation, and finally the coking coal is preheated to 180-200 ℃ and is filled into a preheating coal bin; the coal charging car charges the preheated coal in the preheated coal bin into the coking chamber of the coke oven for coking.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to coking technology, in particular to a coking coal step preheating process and equipment.
Background
The coking coal preheating technology is a technology for preheating coking coal to 150-250 ℃ before loading the coking coal into a coke oven for coking. In the 60 s of the last century, the world coking industry developed coking coal preheating process technical research in the countries such as the united kingdom, germany, the united states and the like in order to reduce the amount of main coking coal in coking coal and reduce coking heat consumption. Various preheating coal coking processes are developed, mainly a Simcard (Simcar) method, a Precarbon (Precarbon) method and a Cootek (Caoltek) method, and the processes are correspondingly introduced by China's encyclopedia of metallurgy (coking chemical industry volumes: yang Shunlou, wang Lifu and Zhang Gu). The coal preheating process technology generally adopts high-temperature flue gas as a heat carrier, and the coal is dried and preheated in a fluidization rapid preheater. Some coking plants successfully build a multi-seat preheated coal coking oven by using the coal preheating technology. In the production practice of the preheating coal coking coke ovens, the coking plants verify the feasibility and better economic benefit of the related technology; the pre-heating coal coking process has obvious effect compared with the conventional coking process, and has the advantages of improving coke quality or increasing gas and coal consumption, improving coke oven production capacity, reducing coking heat consumption, generating only small amount of coal water and reducing coking production effluent. In the coal preheating coking production of the coking plant, the problems of high energy consumption, difficult smoke and dust separation, huge equipment, poor operation stability and the like of the coal fluidization preheating process technology are also exposed; when the hot flue gas is used as a heat carrier for fluidization preheating of coal, the oxygen content in the hot flue gas needs to be strictly controlled, so that coal dust explosion in the flue gas is prevented, and the problems of complex production operation control and poor safety exist. Due to the above problems, each preheated coal coke oven is forced to stop production after a period of operation. The coal preheating process system is stable in operation, and gas-solid separation and safety in the process are technical bottlenecks for restricting the wide popularization of the preheating coal coking technology in the coking industry.
At present, all enterprises in the coking industry face the requirements of continuous shortage of coking main coking coal supply, continuous improvement of environmental protection standards and forced emission reduction of carbon discharge in the coking process, and the problems and the requirements have seriously affected the sustainable development and economic benefits of the coking enterprises. Development of new pre-heated coal coking process technology is an effective way and method to solve the above problems. The key problems to be solved in the novel preheating coal coking process technology are high-efficiency coal preheating process technology, safe and high-efficiency gas-solid separation dust removal technology, and preheating coal material safe conveying technology and equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve a plurality of problems existing in the prior preheating coal coking, and provides coking coal step preheating equipment which can adopt different heating modes according to the physical characteristics of coal materials to perform the procedures of humidifying, drying and preheating in stages.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the coking coal step preheating equipment comprises a coal chute, a charging screw, a cross-domain two-phase flow humidifier, a gravity moving bed dryer, a coal preheating plate type heat exchanger, a first inertial dust remover, a first humidifying multi-tube dust remover, a first fan, a humidifying cyclone separator, a humidifying heater, a second inertial dust remover, a second humidifying multi-tube dust remover, a second fan, a drying cyclone separator, a drying heater, a heat conduction oil pump, a heat conduction oil heater, a water washing tower and a coal bin; the cross-domain two-phase flow humidifier comprises an airflow vertical pipe and a spouted bed, wherein the spouted bed is arranged at the upper part of the airflow vertical pipe; the gravity moving bed dryer comprises a cross flow dryer, a plate type indirect dryer and an angular pipe countercurrent dryer which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom;
the bottom of the coal chute is connected with the lower part of the airflow vertical pipe through a charging screw, the spouted bed is connected with a cross flow dryer, and the cross flow dryer, the plate type indirect dryer, the angular pipe countercurrent dryer, the coal preheating plate type heater and the coal bin are sequentially and vertically arranged in a building structure (above a coke oven compartment) from top to bottom;
the upper steam outlet of the spouted bed is connected with a first inertial dust remover and a first humidifying multi-tube dust remover in sequence, the first humidifying multi-tube dust remover is connected with a humidifying cyclone separator through a first fan, the top steam outlet of the humidifying cyclone separator is connected with a humidifying heater, and the outlet of the humidifying heater is connected with the lower part of an airflow straight vertical pipe; the outlet of the first fan is connected with the water scrubber through the outlet at the bottom of the humidifying cyclone separator;
the steam outlets of the cross flow dryer and the angular pipe countercurrent dryer are sequentially connected with a second inertial dust remover and a second humidifying multi-pipe dust remover, the second humidifying multi-pipe dust remover is connected with a drying cyclone separator through a second fan, the steam outlet at the top of the drying cyclone separator is connected with a drying heater, and the steam outlet of the drying heater is connected with the steam inlets of the cross flow dryer and the angular pipe countercurrent dryer; the outlet of the second fan and the outlet of the bottom of the drying cyclone separator are respectively connected with the water washing tower;
the heat conducting oil outlet of the coal preheating plate type heat exchanger is connected with a heat conducting oil heater through a heat conducting oil pump, and the heat conducting oil heater outlet is connected with the heat conducting oil inlet of the coal preheating plate type heat exchanger.
Further, the diameter ratio of the air flow vertical pipe to the spouted bed is 3-5.
Further, a plate-type indirect dryer is arranged below the cross flow dryer, an angular pipe countercurrent dryer is arranged below the plate-type indirect dryer, and the heat medium in the cross flow dryer is superheated steam which flows horizontally; the angular pipe countercurrent dryer is internally provided with a coal blending plate and an angular pipe, and the coal blending plate can axially and reciprocally rotate through a driving device; the horn-shaped pipes are arranged below the mixing plate and are divided into 2 layers (or 4 layers), each layer is provided with a plurality of horn-shaped pipes, the horn-shaped pipes on the same layer are connected in parallel, the lower layer of horn-shaped pipes are air inlet horn-shaped pipes, and the upper layer of horn-shaped pipes are air outlet horn-shaped pipes; the exhaust horn-shaped pipe and the air inlet horn-shaped pipe are horizontally crossed by 90 degrees.
Further, the coal blending plate can axially and reciprocally rotate by a driving device, and the reciprocal rotation angle is 30-60 degrees; the upper-lower spacing between the exhaust angle pipe and the air inlet angle pipe is 200-400 mm.
Further, the upper part of the cross section of the angular pipe is triangular, and the lower part of the cross section of the angular pipe is rectangular.
Further, the coal bin coal discharging port is connected with the coal receiving port of the coal charging car in a socket joint mode, the outer wall of the coal bin coal discharging port is provided with a ring-mounted air bag, and the coal receiving port of the coal charging car is telescopic up and down; the coal charging car is aligned to lift the coal receiving opening so that the coal discharging opening is inserted into the coal receiving opening, compressed air is used for inflating the annular air bag, and the air bag is inflated to form a seal.
The invention also discloses a coking coal step preheating process, which comprises the following steps of:
step 1, delivering mixed and crushed coking coal to a coal chute, delivering the coal to an airflow vertical pipe of a cross-domain two-phase flow coal humidifier by a discharging screw at the bottom of the coal chute, and taking superheated steam as a heat carrier of the cross-domain two-phase flow coal humidifier; the cross-domain two-phase flow coal moisture regulator is formed by combining an airflow vertical pipe and a spouted bed, wherein the gas-solid material in the airflow vertical pipe is in an airflow conveying domain, and the gas-solid material in the spouted bed is in a fluidization domain. The coal material sent to the vertical airflow pipe is conveyed to the spouted bed at the top by the superheated steam airflow; the superheated steam heats the coal while conveying the coal, and the large-particle coal is settled to the bottom of the vertical pipe. The gas-solid materials of the spouted bed are in a fluidization domain, the coal is further heated on the fluidized spouted bed through hot steam, so that moisture of the coal is evaporated, the moisture of the surface of coal particles is reduced through a cross-domain two-phase flow coal moisture regulator, the surface tension between liquid and solid is reduced, and the fluidity of the coal is improved. The coal material of the spouted bed is continuously discharged to the gravity moving bed dryer of the coal material through a discharge hole. Superheated steam passing through the spouted bed is discharged from the top gas outlet to the dust collector.
Step 2, dust-containing superheated steam discharged from the spouted bed is subjected to dust removal treatment by an inertial dust remover and a multi-pipe dust remover and then is sent to a fan for pressurization, the pressurized steam is sent to a humidifying cyclone separator, steam generated by drying coal is discharged from the bottom of the cyclone separator and enters a water scrubber as turbid steam (dust-containing steam), and the purified steam discharged from the top enters a humidifying heater for heating and then is recycled. The superheated steam used by the humidifying heater is heated by adopting a direct combustion mode of coal gas and oxygen.
And step 3, the humidifying coal discharged by the spouted bed enters a gravity moving bed dryer. The gravity moving bed dryer is divided into three sections, wherein the upper section is a cross flow dryer, the middle section is a plate type indirect dryer, and the lower section is an angular pipe countercurrent dryer; according to the characteristics of the coal drying rate curve, each section cooperatively heats and dries the coal; the coal of the cross-flow dryer moves downwards by gravity, a shutter air inlet channel and a shutter air outlet channel with the interval of 200-300 mm are arranged in the coal, and superheated steam passes through the moving coal layer in a cross-flow way through the air inlet channel and the air outlet channel so as to evaporate water in the coal; the water vapor discharged from each exhaust passage is converged and discharged to the dust removing system. The plate type indirect dryer is characterized in that a heating plate is arranged in the movable coal, steam (or heat conducting oil) is introduced into the heating plate, the coal can pass through gaps among the heat exchange plates by means of gravity, water vapor in the heat exchange plates is condensed, and the coal indirectly exchanges heat to evaporate water in the coal; the coal blending plate and a plurality of groups of angular pipes are arranged in the angular pipe countercurrent dryer below the plate-type indirect dryer, and the coal blending plate can axially and reciprocally rotate through a driving device; the downward moving coal materials change the flow direction, so that the coal materials enter the angular pipe countercurrent heat exchange area after being mutually mixed, and the angular pipe is divided into an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe; the air outlet angle pipe and the air inlet angle pipe are arranged in an up-down and horizontal cross way. The horn-shaped tube group adopts superheated steam as a heat carrier, the superheated steam enters from the lower air inlet horn-shaped tube, the superheated steam passes through the coal material in a countercurrent way and is discharged from the upper horn-shaped tube, and the superheated steam directly exchanges heat with the coal material. The steam discharged from each exhaust angle pipe is converged and discharged to the dust removing system.
And 4, the steam discharged by the cross flow dryer and the angular pipe countercurrent dryer is dedusted by an inertial deduster and a multi-pipe deduster. The dust-removed steam is sent to a fan for pressurization, the steam discharged by the fan enters a cyclone separator, and the steam generated by drying coal is discharged from the bottom of the cyclone separator as turbid steam (dust-containing steam) and enters a water scrubber; the clean steam discharged from the top of the cyclone separator enters a drying heater for heating and then is recycled; the drying heater adopts a direct combustion mode of coal gas and oxygen to heat steam.
And 5, dedusting turbid water vapor sent to the water washing tower through spray washing water, and sending secondary vapor discharged from the upper part of the water washing tower to a waste heat recovery device for heat recovery. The operating pressure of the water washing tower 8 is 4000-10000 Pa, and the operating temperature is 103 ℃.
And 6, feeding the coal processed by the gravity moving bed dryer into a coal preheating plate heat exchanger, and indirectly exchanging heat with the coal by adopting heat conduction oil as a heat carrier in the coal preheating plate heat exchanger. And the heat conducting oil discharged by the coal preheating plate heat exchanger is pressurized by an oil pump and sent to a heat conducting oil heater for heating and circulating to return to the plate heat exchange element.
And 7, feeding the preheated coal into a lower preheating coal bunker, wherein a coal valve is arranged at the lower part of the coal bunker, loading the preheated coal into a coke oven coal charging car according to a coke oven operation plan, a socket connection mode is adopted between the coal charging car and a coal pipe of the preheating coal bunker, and a discharging sealing air bag is arranged between socket pipes to prevent coal dust of the coal charging car from escaping during coal receiving.
Further, the cross-domain two-phase flow coal moisture regulator is used for humidifying coking coal with water content of 9-11%wt to 6-8%wt, so as to reduce the surface moisture of the coal material, reduce the surface tension between liquid and solid and improve the fluidity of the coal material in subsequent equipment; the gas-solid ratio of the gas flow conveying domain in the vertical pipe is 4-7, the coal outlet temperature of the spouted bed is 96-100 ℃, the superheated steam inlet temperature is 300-400 ℃, and the steam outlet temperature is 120-130 ℃; the pressure of the superheated steam inlet is 8.0 to 10kPa.
Further, the clean steam discharged from the humidity-controlling cyclone separator 55 is mixed with the gas and oxygen combustion tail gas in the humidity-controlling heater, and the mixture is heated to 300-400 ℃ to return to the straight vertical pipe of the air flow.
And the steam exhausted by the cross flow dryer and the angular pipe countercurrent dryer is sent to a drying cyclone separator through dust removal treatment and fan pressurization, and the clean steam exhausted by the drying cyclone separator is directly mixed with tail gas generated by gas and oxygen combustion in the drying heater, so that the temperature of the superheated steam reaches 400-450 ℃, and the superheated steam is used as carrier gas of the cross flow dryer and the angular pipe countercurrent dryer.
Further, the bottom of the air flow vertical pipe is filled with superheated steam, the air flow vertical pipe conveys coal to the spouted bed at the upper part, large-particle coal and sundries are deposited at the bottom of the air flow vertical pipe, and the large-particle coal and sundries are returned to the coal preparation system through conveying equipment.
The invention relates to a coking coal cascade preheating process and equipment, which adopts a cascade heating process of carrying out various heat exchange modes on coking coal by adopting two heat carriers, namely gas and liquid; in particular, the gas heat carrier adopts superheated steam with large heat capacity as the heat carrier, and has the following advantages compared with the prior art:
1) The cross-domain two-phase flow humidity regulator adopts the combination of airflow conveying and spouted bed, utilizes superheated steam to convey airflow and heat carrier to convey and regulate humidity, improves the fluidity of the coking coal after primary humidity regulation, removes impurities in the coal, and ensures smooth flow of the gravity moving bed coal in the gaps of the plate heat exchange elements.
2) In the invention, a plate heat exchanger is combined with the angular tube in the coal drying stage, and the angular tube adopts superheated steam as a heat carrier, so that the diffusion resistance of the moisture of the coal into the gas phase is reduced; and improves the drying efficiency of the coal.
3) The superheated steam is directly heated by adopting a coke oven gas and oxygen-enriched combustion mode, so that the heat efficiency is high, and the equipment is simple.
4) In the coal material humidifying and drying stage, superheated steam is used as a gas heat carrier, and water vapor generated by coal material evaporation is used as secondary steam to recover heat.
5) The superheated steam is used as a gas heat carrier of coking coal in the humidity adjusting, drying and stage, so that coal materials and dust are always kept in an inert gas environment, and dust explosion of coal dust is prevented. Dust in the externally discharged steam is purified by water washing and condensed, and only tail gas generated by gas heating combustion is externally discharged.
6) The following benefits can be produced by applying the coal preheating technology in coking production: 1. the residual ammonia water amount is reduced by 80%, the coking sewage treatment cost (about 20 yuan/t coke) is saved, the discharged production wastewater amount is reduced, and the coking sewage source treatment is realized. 2. Saving the coking heat consumption by 15-18 percent and reducing the consumption of 10kg/t of standard coal. 3. The proportion of the weakly caking coal is increased, the utilization resource range of the coking coal is enlarged, and the comprehensive cost of the coking coal is reduced. 4, improving the coking production efficiency of the coking chamber by 10 percent.
In summary, the invention decomposes the coking coal preheating process into three steps of humidifying, drying and preheating according to the characteristic of different physical properties of coal materials in each stage in the coking coal preheating process. Under the condition of isolating air, coking coal with water content of 10-12% is subjected to the processes of humidifying, drying and preheating in stages by adopting different heating modes according to the physical property characteristics of coal materials, and finally the coking coal is preheated to 180-200 ℃ and is filled into a preheating coal bin; the coal charging car charges the preheated coal in the preheated coal bin into the coking chamber of the coke oven for coking.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a coking coal step preheating process flow in the invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a gravity moving bed dryer;
FIG. 3 is a section view taken from 1-1 of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a section view taken from 2-2 of FIG. 2.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples:
example 1
The embodiment discloses a coking coal step preheating process and equipment, the structure of which is shown in figures 1-4, comprising: the coal bunker 11, the charging screw 12, the cross-domain two-phase flow moisture regulator, the gravity moving bed dryer, the coal preheating plate heat exchanger 4, the first inertial dust remover 51, the first moisture regulating multi-tube dust remover 52, the first fan 53, the moisture regulating cyclone 55, the moisture regulating heater 54, the second inertial dust remover 61, the second moisture regulating multi-tube dust remover 62, the second fan 63, the drying cyclone 64, the drying heater 65, the heat conducting oil pump 71, the heat conducting oil heater 72, the water washing tower 8 and the coal bunker 9; the cross-domain two-phase flow humidifier comprises a gas flow vertical pipe 21 and a spouted bed 22; the spouted bed 22 is arranged on the upper part of the air flow vertical pipe 21, and the diameter ratio of the air flow vertical pipe 21 to the spouted bed 22 is 3-5. The gravity moving bed dryer comprises a cross flow dryer 31, a plate type indirect dryer 32 and an angular pipe countercurrent dryer 33; the plate-type indirect dryer 32 is arranged at the lower part of the cross flow dryer 31, and the angular pipe countercurrent dryer 33 is arranged at the lower part of the plate-type indirect dryer 32;
the bottom of the coal chute 11 is connected with the lower part of the airflow vertical pipe 21 through a feeding screw 12, the lower part of the spouted bed 22 is connected with a cross flow dryer 31, and the cross flow dryer 31, the plate type indirect dryer 32, the angular pipe countercurrent dryer 33, the coal preheating plate type heater 4 and the coal bin 9 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom;
the cross flow dryer 31, the plate type indirect dryer 32, the angular pipe countercurrent dryer 33, the coal preheating plate type heat exchanger 4 and the coal bunker 9 are vertically arranged in a building above the coke oven bay.
The upper steam outlet of the spouted bed 22 is sequentially connected with a first inertial dust collector 51 and a first humidifying multi-tube dust collector 52, the first humidifying multi-tube dust collector 52 is connected with a humidifying cyclone separator 55 through a first fan 53, the top steam outlet of the humidifying cyclone separator 55 is connected with a humidifying heater 54, and the outlet of the humidifying heater 54 is connected with the lower part of the airflow vertical tube 21; the outlet of the first fan 53 is respectively connected with the water scrubber 8 through the outlet at the bottom of the humidifying cyclone separator 55;
the steam outlets of the cross flow dryer 31 and the angular pipe countercurrent dryer 33 are sequentially connected with a second inertial dust remover 61 and a second humidifying multi-pipe dust remover 62, the second humidifying multi-pipe dust remover 62 is connected with a drying cyclone 64 through a second fan 63, the steam outlet at the top of the drying cyclone 64 is connected with a drying heater 65, and the outlet of the drying heater 65 is connected with the steam inlets of the cross flow dryer 31 and the angular pipe countercurrent dryer 33; the outlet of the second fan 63 is respectively connected with the water washing tower 8 through the outlet at the bottom of the drying cyclone 64;
the heat conducting oil outlet of the preheating plate heat exchanger 4 is connected with a heat conducting oil heater 72 through a heat conducting oil pump 71, and the outlet of the heat conducting oil heater 72 is connected with the heat conducting oil inlet of the preheating plate heat exchanger 4.
The gravity moving bed dryer includes: the device comprises a cross flow dryer 31, a plate type indirect dryer 32 and an angular pipe countercurrent dryer 33, wherein the plate type indirect dryer 32 is horizontally arranged below the cross flow dryer 31, the angular pipe countercurrent dryer 33 is arranged below the plate type indirect dryer 32, the angular pipe countercurrent dryer 33 is provided with a coal blending plate and an angular pipe, and the coal blending plate can axially and reciprocally rotate through a driving device; the horn-shaped pipes are arranged below the mixing plate and are divided into 2 layers (or 4 layers) which are connected in parallel, the lower layer is an air inlet horn-shaped pipe, and the upper layer is an air outlet horn-shaped pipe; the air outlet angle pipe and the air inlet angle pipe are horizontally crossed by 90 degrees. The mixing plate can axially and reciprocally rotate along the axial direction through a driving device, and the reciprocal rotation angle is 30-60 degrees; the upper and lower spacing between the air outlet angle pipe and the air inlet angle pipe is 200-400 mm. The upper part of the cross section of the angular pipe is triangular, and the lower part of the cross section of the angular pipe is rectangular.
The upper steam outlet of the spouted bed 22 is sequentially connected with a first inertial dust collector 51 and a first humidifying multi-tube dust collector 52, the first humidifying multi-tube dust collector 52 is connected with a humidifying cyclone separator 55 through a first fan 53, the top steam outlet of the humidifying cyclone separator 55 is connected with a humidifying heater 54, and the outlet of the humidifying heater 54 is connected with the lower part of the airflow vertical tube 21; the outlet of the first fan 53 and the outlet at the bottom of the humidifying cyclone separator 55 are respectively connected with the water scrubber 8;
the steam outlets of the cross flow dryer 31 and the angular pipe countercurrent dryer 33 are sequentially connected with a second inertial dust remover 61 and a second humidifying multi-pipe dust remover 62, the second humidifying multi-pipe dust remover 62 is connected with a cyclone separator 64 through a second fan 63, the steam outlet at the top of the cyclone separator 64 is connected with a drying heater 65, and the outlet of the drying heater 65 is connected with the steam inlet of the cross flow dryer and the angular pipe countercurrent dryer 33; the outlet of the second fan 63 and the outlet of the bottom of the cyclone separator 64 are respectively connected with the water washing tower 8;
the heat conducting oil outlet of the coal preheating plate heat exchanger 4 is connected with a heat conducting oil heater 72 through a heat conducting oil pump 71, and the outlet of the heat conducting oil heater 72 is connected with the heat conducting oil inlet of the preheating plate heat exchanger 4.
The coal discharging port of the coal bin 9 is connected with the coal collecting port of the coal charging car in a socket joint mode, an annular air bag is arranged on the outer wall of the coal discharging port of the coal bin 9, and the coal receiving port of the coal charging car is telescopic up and down; the coal charging car is aligned to lift the coal receiving opening so that the coal discharging opening is inserted into the coal receiving opening, compressed air is used for inflating the annular air bag, and the air bag is inflated to form a seal.
Example 2
The embodiment discloses a coking coal step preheating process, which adopts the coking coal step preheating equipment in the embodiment 1 and comprises the following steps:
step 1, delivering mixed and crushed coking coal to a coal chute 11, delivering the coal in the coal chute 11 to an air flow vertical pipe 21 of a cross-domain two-phase flow coal humidifier through a feeding screw 12, taking superheated steam as a heat carrier of the cross-domain two-phase flow coal humidifier, namely introducing the superheated steam into the bottom of the air flow vertical pipe 21, delivering the coal to an upper spouted bed 22 by the air flow vertical pipe 21, depositing large-particle coal and impurities at the bottom of the air flow vertical pipe 21, and returning the large-particle coal and impurities to a coal preparation system through delivery equipment. The gas-solid materials in the gas flow vertical pipe 21 are in a gas flow conveying domain, and the gas-solid materials of the spouted bed 22 are in a fluidization domain; the coal fed into the vertical airflow pipe 21 is conveyed to the spouted bed 22 at the top by the superheated steam airflow; the superheated steam heats the coal while conveying the coal, and the large-particle coal is settled to the bottom of the airflow vertical pipe 21; the gas-solid materials of the spouted bed 22 are in a fluidization domain, the coal is further heated on the fluidized spouted bed 22 through hot steam, so that the temperature and the moisture of the coal are raised, the moisture of the surface of the coal is reduced through the cross-domain two-phase flow coal moisture regulator, the surface tension between liquid and solid is reduced, and the fluidity of the coal is improved; the coal of the spouted bed 22 is continuously discharged from a discharge port to a gravity moving bed dryer for coal, and the gravity moving bed dryer comprises: a cross flow dryer 31, a plate-type indirect dryer 32, and an angular tube countercurrent dryer 33; superheated steam passing through the spouted bed 22 is discharged from the overhead gas outlet to a first dust collector comprising a first inertial dust collector 51 and a first humidity-conditioning multi-tube dust collector 52;
the cross-domain two-phase flow coal moisture regulator is used for regulating moisture of coking coal with water content of 9-11% to 6-8%, so as to reduce the surface moisture of coal materials, reduce the surface tension between liquid and solid and improve the fluidity of the coal materials in subsequent equipment; the gas-solid ratio of the gas flow conveying domain in the gas flow vertical pipe is 4-7, the coal outlet temperature of the spouted bed is 96-100 ℃, the superheated steam inlet temperature is 300-400 ℃, and the steam outlet temperature is 120-130 ℃; the pressure of the superheated steam inlet is 8.0 to 10kPa.
Step 2, dust-containing superheated steam discharged from a gas outlet at the top of the spouted bed 22 is dedusted by a first inertial deduster 51 and a first humidifying multi-tube deduster 52, then is delivered to a first fan 53 for pressurization, the pressurized steam is delivered to a cyclone separator 54, steam generated by drying coal is discharged as turbid steam (dust-containing steam) from the bottom of the humidifying cyclone separator 55 into a water scrubber 8, the clean steam discharged from the top of the humidifying cyclone separator 55 enters the humidifying heater 54 for heating and then is delivered to the air flow vertical pipe 21 for recycling, and specifically, the clean steam discharged from the humidifying cyclone separator 55, coal gas and oxygen combustion tail gas in the humidifying heater 54 are mixed and heated to 300-400 ℃ for returning to the air flow vertical pipe 21. The superheated steam used by the humidity-controlling heater 54 is heated by direct combustion of gas and oxygen;
and 3, the humidifying coal discharged by the spouted bed 22 enters a gravity moving bed dryer. The gravity moving bed dryer is divided into three sections, wherein the upper section is a cross flow dryer 31, the middle section is a plate type indirect dryer 32, and the lower section is an angular pipe countercurrent dryer 33; according to the characteristics of the coal drying rate curve, each section cooperatively heats and dries the coal; the coal of the cross flow dryer 31 moves downwards by gravity, louver air inlet and exhaust channels with the interval of 200-300 mm are arranged in the coal, and superheated steam passes through the moving coal layer through the air inlet and exhaust channels in a cross flow manner to evaporate water in the coal; the water vapor discharged from each exhaust passage is converged and discharged to the dust removing system. The plate type indirect dryer 32 is provided with a heating plate in the moving coal, steam (or heat conducting oil) is introduced into the heating plate, the coal can pass through gaps among the heat exchange plates by means of gravity, the water vapor in the heat exchange plates is condensed, and the coal indirectly exchanges heat to evaporate the water of the coal; a coal blending plate and a plurality of groups of angular pipes are arranged in the angular pipe countercurrent dryer 33 below the plate-type indirect dryer 32, and the coal blending plate can axially and reciprocally rotate through a driving device; the downward moving coal materials change the flow direction, so that the coal materials enter the angular pipe countercurrent heat exchange area after being mutually mixed, and the angular pipe is divided into an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe; the air outlet angle pipe and the air inlet angle pipe are arranged in an up-down and horizontal cross way. The horn-shaped tube group adopts superheated steam as a heat carrier, the superheated steam enters from the lower air inlet horn-shaped tube, the superheated steam passes through the coal material in a countercurrent way and is discharged from the upper horn-shaped tube, and the superheated steam directly exchanges heat with the coal material. The steam discharged from each of the exhaust horn pipes is merged and discharged to the second inertial dust collector 61 and the drying multi-tube dust collector 62.
Step 4, the steam discharged by the cross flow dryer 31 and the angular pipe dryer 33 is dedusted by a second inertial deduster 61 and a humidifying multi-pipe deduster 62; the dust-removed steam enters a cyclone 64 after being pressurized by a second fan 63, and the steam generated by drying the coal material is discharged as turbid steam (dust-containing steam) from the bottom of the cyclone 64 and enters a water scrubber 8; the clean steam discharged from the top of the cyclone 64 enters the drying heater 65 for heating and then enters the cross flow dryer 31 and the angular tube dryer 33 for recycling. Specifically, the steam discharged from the angular tube dryer 33 is sent to the drying cyclone 64 through dust removal treatment and fan pressurization, the clean steam discharged from the drying cyclone 64 is directly mixed with the tail gas generated by burning coal gas and oxygen in the drying heater 65, so that the temperature of the superheated steam reaches 400-450 ℃, and the superheated steam enters the cross-flow dryer 31 and the angular tube dryer 33 as carrier gas. The drying heater 65 heats the steam by direct combustion of gas and oxygen;
step 5, the turbid water vapor sent to the water washing tower 8 is dedusted by spraying washing water, and the secondary vapor discharged from the upper part of the water washing tower 8 is sent to a waste heat recovery device for heat recovery; the operating pressure of the water washing tower 8 is 4000-10000 Pa, and the operating temperature is 103 ℃.
Step 6, the coal material after drying treatment enters a coal preheating plate heat exchanger 4, and the coal preheating is also in a plate heat exchanger mode; heat conduction oil is adopted as a heat carrier in the plate heat exchanger to indirectly exchange heat with the coal; the heat conduction oil discharged by the plate heat exchanger 4 is pressurized by the heat conduction oil pump 71 and sent to the heat conduction oil heater 72 for heating and circulating to return to the heat exchange element;
and 7, feeding the preheated coal into a lower preheating coal bunker 9, arranging a coal valve at the lower part of the coal bunker, loading the preheated coal into a coke oven coal charging car according to a coke oven operation plan, adopting a socket connection mode between the coal charging car and a coal pipe of the preheating coal bunker, and arranging a discharging sealing air bag between socket pipes to prevent coal dust from escaping when the coal charging car receives coal.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The coking coal step preheating process is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, delivering mixed and crushed coking coal to a coal chute, delivering the coal to an airflow vertical pipe of a cross-domain two-phase flow coal humidifier by a discharging screw at the bottom of the coal chute, and taking superheated steam as a heat carrier of the cross-domain two-phase flow coal humidifier; the cross-domain two-phase flow coal moisture regulator is formed by combining an airflow vertical pipe and a spouted bed, wherein the gas-solid material in the airflow vertical pipe is positioned in an airflow conveying domain, and the gas-solid material in the spouted bed is positioned in a fluidization domain; the coal material sent to the vertical airflow pipe is conveyed to the spouted bed at the top by the superheated steam airflow; the superheated steam conveys coal and simultaneously heats the coal, and large-particle coal is settled to the bottom of the vertical pipe; the spouted bed gas-solid material is in a fluidization domain, the coal material is further heated on the fluidized spouted bed through hot steam, so that the moisture of the coal material is evaporated, the moisture of the surface of the coal material particles is reduced through a cross-domain two-phase flow coal moisture regulator, the surface tension between liquid and solid is reduced, and the fluidity of the coal material is improved; continuously discharging the coal material of the spouted bed to a coal material gravity moving bed dryer through a discharge hole; superheated steam passing through the spouted bed is discharged from the top gas outlet to the dust remover;
step 2, dust-containing superheated steam discharged from the spouted bed is subjected to dust removal treatment by an inertial dust remover and a multi-pipe dust remover and then is sent to a fan for pressurization, the pressurized steam is sent to a humidifying cyclone separator, steam generated by drying coal is discharged from the bottom of the cyclone separator as turbid steam and enters a water scrubber, and the purified steam discharged from the top enters a humidifying heater for heating and then is recycled; the superheated steam used by the humidifying heater is heated by adopting a direct combustion mode of coal gas and oxygen;
step 3, the humidifying coal discharged by the spouted bed enters a gravity moving bed dryer; the gravity moving bed dryer is divided into three sections, wherein the upper section is a cross flow dryer, the middle section is plate type indirect drying, and the lower section is an angular pipe countercurrent dryer; according to the characteristics of the coal drying rate curve, each section cooperatively heats and dries the coal; the coal of the cross flow dryer moves downwards by gravity, louver air inlet and exhaust channels with 200-300 mm intervals are arranged in the cross flow dryer, and superheated steam passes through the moving coal layer through the air inlet and exhaust channels in a cross flow mode to evaporate water of the coal; the water vapor discharged by each exhaust channel is converged and then discharged to a dust removal system; a replacement hot plate is arranged in the plate type indirect dryer, steam is introduced into the heat exchange plate, coal can pass through gaps among the heat exchange plates by means of gravity, water vapor in the heat exchange plates is condensed, and the coal indirectly exchanges heat to evaporate water in the coal; the coal blending plate and a plurality of groups of angular pipes are arranged in the angular pipe countercurrent dryer below the plate-type indirect dryer, and the coal blending plate can axially and reciprocally rotate through a driving device; the downward moving coal materials change the flow direction, so that the coal materials enter the angular pipe countercurrent heat exchange area after being mutually mixed, and the angular pipe is divided into an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe; the air outlet angle pipe and the air inlet angle pipe are arranged in an up-down and horizontal cross way; the angular tube group adopts superheated steam as a heat carrier, the superheated steam enters from the lower air inlet angular tube, the superheated steam passes through the coal material in a countercurrent way and is discharged from the upper angular tube, and the superheated steam directly exchanges heat with the coal material; the steam discharged by each exhaust angle pipe is converged and discharged to a dust removal system;
step 4, the steam discharged by the cross flow dryer and the angular pipe countercurrent dryer is dedusted by an inertial deduster and a multi-pipe deduster; the dust-removed steam is sent to a fan for pressurization, the steam discharged by the fan enters a cyclone separator, and the steam generated by drying coal is discharged from the bottom of the cyclone separator as turbid steam and enters a water scrubber; the clean steam discharged from the top of the cyclone separator enters a drying heater for heating and then is recycled; the drying heater adopts a direct combustion mode of coal gas and oxygen to heat steam;
step 5, the turbid water vapor sent to the water washing tower is dedusted by spraying washing water, and the secondary vapor discharged from the upper part of the water washing tower is sent to a waste heat recovery device for heat recovery;
step 6, the coal material treated by the gravity moving bed dryer enters a coal preheating plate heat exchanger, and heat transfer oil is adopted as a heat carrier in the coal preheating plate heat exchanger to indirectly exchange heat with the coal material; the heat conduction oil discharged by the coal preheating plate heat exchanger is pressurized by an oil pump and sent to the heat conduction oil heater to be circulated back to the plate heat exchange element;
step 7, the preheated coal enters a lower preheating coal bunker, a coal valve is arranged at the lower part of the coal bunker, the preheated coal is loaded into a coke oven coal charging car according to a coke oven operation plan, a socket connection mode is adopted between the coal charging car and a coal pipe of the preheating coal bunker, and a discharging sealing air bag is arranged between socket pipes to prevent coal dust of the coal charging car from escaping during coal receiving;
the coking coal step preheating equipment adopted by the coking coal step preheating process comprises a coal trough (11), a charging screw (12), a cross-domain two-phase flow humidifier, a gravity moving bed dryer, a coal preheating plate type heat exchanger (4), a first inertial dust remover (51), a first humidifying multi-tube dust remover (52), a first fan (53), a humidifying cyclone separator (55), a humidifying heater (54), a second inertial dust remover (61), a second humidifying multi-tube dust remover (62), a second fan (63), a drying cyclone separator (64), a drying heater (65), a heat conducting oil pump (71), a heat conducting oil heater (72), a water washing tower (8) and a coal bin (9); the cross-domain two-phase flow humidifier comprises a gas flow vertical pipe (21) and a spouted bed (22); the upper part of the airflow vertical pipe (21) is provided with a spouted bed (22), and the gravity moving bed dryer comprises a cross flow dryer (31), a plate type indirect dryer (32) and an angular pipe countercurrent dryer (33) which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom;
the bottom of the coal chute (11) is connected with the lower part of the airflow straight vertical pipe (21) through a feeding screw (12), and the spouted bed (22) is connected with a cross flow dryer (31);
the cross flow dryer (31), the plate type indirect dryer (32), the angular pipe countercurrent dryer (33), the coal preheating plate type heat exchanger (4) and the coal bin (9) are sequentially and vertically arranged in a building structure from top to bottom;
the upper steam outlet of the spouted bed (22) is sequentially connected with a first inertial dust collector (51) and a first humidifying multi-tube dust collector (52), the first humidifying multi-tube dust collector (52) is connected with a humidifying cyclone separator (55) through a first fan (53), the top steam outlet of the humidifying cyclone separator (55) is connected with a humidifying heater (54), and the outlet of the humidifying heater (54) is connected with the lower part of an airflow vertical tube (21); the outlet of the first fan (53) and the outlet at the bottom of the humidifying cyclone separator (55) are respectively connected with the water scrubber (8);
the steam outlets of the cross flow dryer (31) and the angular pipe countercurrent dryer (33) are sequentially connected with a second inertial dust remover (61) and a second humidifying multi-pipe dust remover (62), the second humidifying multi-pipe dust remover (62) is connected with a drying cyclone separator (64) through a second fan (63), the steam outlet at the top of the drying cyclone separator (64) is connected with a drying heater (65), and the outlet of the drying heater (65) is connected with the steam inlets of the cross flow dryer (31) and the angular pipe countercurrent dryer (33); the outlet of the second fan (63) and the outlet of the bottom of the drying cyclone separator (64) are respectively connected with the water scrubber (8);
the heat conducting oil outlet of the coal preheating plate type heat exchanger (4) is connected with the heat conducting oil heater (72) through the heat conducting oil pump (71), and the heat conducting oil outlet of the heat conducting oil heater (72) is connected with the heat conducting oil inlet of the coal preheating plate type heat exchanger (4).
2. The coking coal step preheating process according to claim 1, wherein the cross-domain two-phase flow coal moisture regulator is used for humidifying coking coal with water content of 9-11wt% to 6-8wt%, the gas-solid ratio of an air flow conveying domain in the vertical pipe is 4-7, the outlet temperature of coal materials of the spouted bed is 96-100 ℃, the inlet temperature of superheated steam is 300-400 ℃, and the outlet temperature of steam is 120-130 ℃; the pressure of the superheated steam inlet is 8.0-10 kPa.
3. The coking coal step preheating process according to claim 1, wherein clean steam discharged from the humidifying cyclone separator is mixed with coal gas and oxygen combustion tail gas in the humidifying heater, and the mixture is heated to 300-400 ℃ to return to the straight vertical pipe of the air flow.
4. The coking coal cascade preheating process according to claim 1, wherein steam discharged from the cross flow dryer and the angular tube countercurrent dryer is sent to the drying cyclone separator through dust removal treatment and fan pressurization, and the clean steam discharged from the drying cyclone separator is directly mixed with tail gas generated by gas and oxygen combustion in the drying heater, so that the temperature of the superheated steam reaches 400-450 ℃, and the superheated steam is used as carrier gas of the cross flow dryer and the angular tube countercurrent dryer.
5. The coking coal step preheating process according to claim 1, wherein the superheated steam is introduced into the bottom of the gas flow vertical pipe, the gas flow vertical pipe conveys coal to the upper spouted bed, large-particle coal and impurities are deposited on the bottom of the gas flow vertical pipe, and the large-particle coal and impurities are returned to the coal preparation system through conveying equipment.
6. The coking coal step preheating process according to claim 1, wherein the diameter ratio of the air current straight vertical pipe (21) to the spouted bed (22) is 3-5.
7. The coking coal step preheating process according to claim 1, wherein a coal blending plate and an angular pipe are installed in the angular pipe countercurrent dryer (33), and the coal blending plate can axially and reciprocally rotate through a driving device; the horn-shaped pipes are arranged below the coal blending plate and are divided into 2 layers, each layer is provided with a plurality of horn-shaped pipes which are connected in parallel with each horn-shaped pipe on the same layer, the lower layer of horn-shaped pipes are air inlet horn-shaped pipes, and the upper layer of horn-shaped pipes are air outlet horn-shaped pipes; the exhaust horn-shaped pipe and the air inlet horn-shaped pipe are horizontally crossed by 90 degrees.
8. The coking coal step preheating process according to claim 3, wherein the coal blending plate can axially and reciprocally rotate for 30-60 degrees through a driving device; the upper-lower distance between the exhaust angle-shaped pipe and the air inlet angle-shaped pipe is 200-400 mm.
9. The coking coal step preheating process according to claim 1, wherein a coal discharging port of the coal bin (9) is connected with a coal receiving port of a coal charging car in a socket joint manner, an annular air bag is arranged on the outer wall of the coal discharging port of the coal bin (9), and the coal receiving port of the coal charging car is telescopic up and down; the coal charging car is aligned to lift the coal receiving opening so that the coal discharging opening is inserted into the coal receiving opening, compressed air is used for inflating the annular air bag, and the air bag is inflated to form a seal.
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