CN113769766B - Preparation method of long afterglow-bismuth based nano composite photocatalyst and application of photocatalyst in degrading agricultural and veterinary medicines - Google Patents
Preparation method of long afterglow-bismuth based nano composite photocatalyst and application of photocatalyst in degrading agricultural and veterinary medicines Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011941 photocatalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000002114 nanocomposite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 title claims description 7
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 title claims description 6
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 239000002073 nanorod Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000273 veterinary drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000013033 photocatalytic degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001027 hydrothermal synthesis Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004098 Tetracycline Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229960002180 tetracycline Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 229930101283 tetracycline Natural products 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019364 tetracycline Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003522 tetracyclines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- CQPFMGBJSMSXLP-UHFFFAOYSA-M acid orange 7 Chemical compound [Na+].OC1=CC=C2C=CC=CC2=C1N=NC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 CQPFMGBJSMSXLP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960005091 chloramphenicol Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- WIIZWVCIJKGZOK-RKDXNWHRSA-N chloramphenicol Chemical compound ClC(Cl)C(=O)N[C@H](CO)[C@H](O)C1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1 WIIZWVCIJKGZOK-RKDXNWHRSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FDZZZRQASAIRJF-UHFFFAOYSA-M malachite green Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C1C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)=C1C=CC(=[N+](C)C)C=C1 FDZZZRQASAIRJF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940107698 malachite green Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003837 high-temperature calcination Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000013032 photocatalytic reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004729 solvothermal method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 28
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 16
- NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodide Chemical compound [K+].[I-] NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 16
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 16
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 8
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011949 solid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910021642 ultra pure water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002688 persistence Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004298 light response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002336 sorption--desorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009281 ultraviolet germicidal irradiation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/06—Halogens; Compounds thereof
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- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/002—Mixed oxides other than spinels, e.g. perovskite
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- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/20—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their non-solid state
- B01J35/23—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their non-solid state in a colloidal state
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- B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J35/39—Photocatalytic properties
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
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- B01J2523/00—Constitutive chemical elements of heterogeneous catalysts
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method based on a long afterglow-bismuth based nano composite photocatalyst and application of the photocatalyst in photocatalytic degradation of veterinary drugs, belonging to the field of catalytic degradation. The preparation method of the novel catalyst comprises the following steps: the strontium-doped long afterglow nanorods ZnGeO, SrNRs and BiOI are synthesized by a solvothermal method. Mixing the two materials in proportion, calcining the BiOI into Bi with iodine holes by high-temperature calcination 5 O 7 Novel catalysts of formula I. In the meantime, ZnGeO is SrNRs and Bi 5 O 7 Close contact is formed between the two, so that carriers can be rapidly transferred to reactive sites on the surface, and higher carrier separation efficiency is achieved, thereby improving the photocatalytic reaction activity. Therefore, a method for degrading aquatic pesticide and veterinary drug is developed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of catalysis, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a long afterglow-bismuth based nano composite photocatalyst and application of the long afterglow-bismuth based nano composite photocatalyst in photocatalytic degradation of agricultural and veterinary medicines.
Background
The rapid development of modern industry has promoted the development of global economy, and has brought huge energy consumption and environmental pollution. The problems of environment and energy are solved, the sustainable development of economy is realized, and the focus of the attention of scientific research personnel is achieved. The contaminated water contains not only inorganic heavy metal ions but also organic contaminants. The pesticide and veterinary drug residue has a large proportion, and poses a great threat to the health of people. Most of the agricultural and veterinary medicines have stable structures and are difficult to degrade under natural conditions. The long afterglow has the potential in energy conversion and fluorescence, so that the long afterglow becomes a research hotspot. However, due to their wide band gap, many are only active under UV irradiation, and the limited light absorption and rapid recombination of the light-generating carrier prevent the application of long persistence in the field of photocatalysis. Most Bi-based materials have excellent light absorption capacity, wherein BiOI (bismuth oxyhalide) based materials have excellent light absorption performance, but the practical application of pure-phase photocatalysts caused by the rapid recombination of photogenerated carriers is still limited to a certain extent. The modified composite photocatalyst usually shows higher activity after being modified by methods such as cocatalyst loading, semiconductor compounding, ion doping and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a preparation method based on a long afterglow-bismuth based nano composite photocatalyst and application of the photocatalyst in degrading of agricultural and veterinary medicines. The novel catalyst ZnGeO: Sr NRs/Bi with high specific surface and carrier separation efficiency is prepared by compounding the long afterglow nanorod ZnGeO: Sr NRs with blue emission and the BiOI 5 O 7 I. The long afterglow nanorod ZnGeO Sr NRs has proper positions of conduction band and valence band, and Bi 5 O 7 The I has excellent light response performance and iodine vacancy, and the two are closely contacted and compounded to form a heterojunction, so that the composition of a photon-generated carrier can be inhibited, and pollutants can be efficiently degraded.
Based on long afterglow-bismuth based nano composite photocatalyst, the nano composite photocatalyst is ZnGeO SrNRs/Bi 5 O 7 I; wherein the weight of ZnGeO SrNRs is ZnGeO SrNRs/Bi 5 O 7 10-60% of the weight of I.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the long afterglow-bismuth based nano composite photocatalyst, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) zn (NO) is added 3 ) 2 、Sr(NO 3 ) 2 Mixing with concentrated nitric acid to form colorless transparent solution, adding water and Na 2 GeO 3 Adjusting the pH value of the solution to 7-11, uniformly mixing the obtained solution, and carrying out hydrothermal reaction to obtain precipitates, namely long-afterglow nanorods ZnGeO and SrNRs;
(2) and (2) uniformly mixing the long afterglow nanorod ZnGeO: SrNRs and the BiOI in the step (1), grinding and homogenizing, and calcining the obtained mixture to obtain the nano composite photocatalyst.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (1), the Zn (NO) 3 ) 2 、Sr(NO 3 ) 2 The molar ratio is 2:0.01-2: 0.05.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in the step (1), the Na 2 GeO 3 The concentration of the solution was 0.66 mM/mL.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (1), the hydrothermal reaction conditions are: reaction at 120-220 deg.c for 2-12 hr.
In one embodiment of the invention, the mass ratio of the long afterglow nanorod ZnGeO to Sr NRs to the BiOI is 1:9-6: 4.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in the step (2), the temperature increase rate of the calcination is 2 to 5 ℃/min.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in the step (2), the calcination is performed under the calcination condition of 450 ℃ to 600 ℃ for 0.5 to 8 hours. The molar ratio of Zn to Ge in the long afterglow nanorod ZnGeO: SrNRs is 2: when the calcination temperature is lower than 450 ℃ in the 1 st stage, Bi is obtained 4 O 5 I instead of Bi 5 O 7 I, Bi is sublimated at the temperature higher than 600 ℃, and the synthesis of the material is seriously influenced.
The invention also provides application of the long afterglow-bismuth based nano composite photocatalyst in photocatalytic degradation of agricultural and veterinary drugs.
In one embodiment of the invention, the veterinary drug is selected from tetracycline, chloramphenicol, malachite green, or acid orange.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
the method of the invention degrades pollutants such as pesticide and animal medicine in water, Bi 5 O 7 The defect-rich ultrathin layer structure of the I contains a large number of non-coordinated surface atoms, more active sites can be exposed than bulk materials, the diffusion length of photogenerated carriers is shorter, and meanwhile, the activity under ultraviolet and visible light is improved due to the existence of iodine vacancies, and the degradation efficiency is further improved. And the separation rate of photon-generated carriers is further improved after the compound with ZnGeO and SrNRs with proper conduction band valence band positions.
Drawings
In order that the present disclosure may be more readily and clearly understood, reference is now made to the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present disclosure taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which
FIG. 1 is an SEM photograph of ZnGeO SrNRs in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is the ZnGeO long persistence nanorod ZnGeO SrNRs// Bi of example 1 of the present invention 5 O 7 SEM image of I composite.
FIG. 3 shows the long persistence nanorod ZnGeO of example 1 of the present invention: SrNRs// Bi 5 O 7 XRD pattern of the I composite.
FIG. 4 shows a long afterglow nanorod ZnGeO of the invention 5 O 7 The tetracycline degradation condition of the composite material is shown.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the following figures and specific examples so that those skilled in the art may better understand the present invention and practice it, but the examples are not intended to limit the present invention.
Example 1
1，Bi 5 O 7 Preparation of I: first, 1mM Bi (NO) is taken 3 ) 3 ·5H 2 O and dispersed homogeneously in 25mL of deionized water without stirring, followed by the addition of 25mL of glycerol (glycerin). Stirring for 30min until the solution is clear and transparent. 5mL of 1mM potassium iodide (KI) was then added and stirring was continued for 30 min. The mixed solution was transferred to an 80mL reaction vessel and reacted at 160 ℃ for 6 hours. After the reaction kettle is completely cooled to room temperature, the solid catalyst is centrifugally washed by deionized water and ethanol for many times to remove residual impurities. Finally, the mixture is placed into a 50 ℃ oven for drying for 12 hours to obtain a white solid. The white powder obtained from drying was ground in an agate mortar to achieve homogeneity. Finally, moving the mixture to a tubular furnace, controlling the heating rate at 5 ℃/min, the heat preservation temperature at 500 ℃ and the heat preservation time at 8h, changing the white solid into light yellow, and drying to obtain light yellow solid powder Bi 5 O 7 I was ground in an agate mortar to achieve homogeneity.
2, preparing the long afterglow nanorod ZnGeO Sr NRs: 2mmol Zn (NO) 3 ) 2 ,0.01mmol Sr(NO 3 ) 2 And 300. mu.L of concentrated nitric acid were mixed with vigorous stirring to give a colorless transparent solution. Subsequently, 11mL of ultrapure water was added to the above mixed solution. Finally, 1.5mL of prepared Na was added dropwise thereto 2 GeO 3 The solution is adjusted by ammoniaThe pH was 9. At the same time, the solution changed from clear to transparent to white turbid. The solution is magnetically stirred for 1 hour at room temperature and then transferred into a 25mL hydrothermal reaction kettle, the temperature is kept for 4 hours at 220 ℃, after the solution is naturally cooled to the room temperature, white precipitate at the lower layer is centrifugally collected and repeatedly washed by deionized water and centrifuged (10000rmp/min) for many times. The dried long afterglow nano rod ZnGeO Sr NRs powder is ground in an agate mortar to achieve homogeneity. The resulting material was subjected to structural characterization, and the results are shown in fig. 1.
3，ZnGeO:SrNRs/Bi 5 O 7 I preparation of the composite material: the mass ratio of the long afterglow nano rod ZnGeO to Sr NRs to BiOI is controlled to be 10%, 20% and 60%. Weighing a proper amount of long afterglow nano rods ZnGeO, SrNRs and a proper amount of BiOI, grinding in an agate mortar to achieve homogeneity, then transferring into a crucible, directly calcining in air at 500 ℃ for 1h in a tubular furnace at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, and changing white powder into light yellow solid. The structure of the obtained material is characterized, and the result is shown in figure 2-3, which shows that the long afterglow nano rod is Bi 5 O 7 The I nanometer mountains are uniformly distributed and tightly combined.
Example 2
1，Bi 5 O 7 Preparation of I: first, 2mM Bi (NO) was taken 3 ) 3 ·5H 2 O and dispersed homogeneously in 50mL of deionized water without stirring, followed by the addition of 50mL of glycerol (glycerin). Stirring for 30min until the solution is clear and transparent. 10mL of 1mM potassium iodide (KI) was then added and stirring was continued for 30 min. The mixed solution was transferred to a 150mL reaction vessel and reacted at 160 ℃ for 6 hours. After the reaction kettle is completely cooled to room temperature, the solid catalyst is centrifugally washed by deionized water and ethanol for many times to remove residual impurities. Finally, the mixture is placed into a 50 ℃ oven for drying for 12 hours to obtain a white solid. The white powder obtained from drying was ground in an agate mortar to achieve homogeneity. Finally, the mixture is moved to a tube furnace, the heating rate is controlled to be 5 ℃/min, the heat preservation temperature is 500 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2 hours, the white solid becomes light yellow, and the light yellow solid powder Bi is obtained by drying 5 O 7 I was ground in an agate mortar to achieve homogeneity.
2, preparing the long afterglow nanorod ZnGeO Sr NRs: 4mmol Zn (NO) 3 ) 2 ,0.03mmol Sr(NO 3 ) 2 And 600. mu.L of concentrated nitric acid were mixed with vigorous stirring to give a colorless transparent solution. Then, 22mL of ultrapure water was added to the above mixed solution. Finally, 3mL of prepared Na was added dropwise thereto 2 GeO 3 The solution was adjusted to pH 7 with ammonia. At the same time, the solution changed from clear to transparent to white turbid. The solution is magnetically stirred for 1 hour at room temperature and then transferred into a 50mL hydrothermal reaction kettle, the temperature is kept for 2 hours at 220 ℃, after the solution is naturally cooled to the room temperature, white precipitate at the lower layer is centrifugally collected and repeatedly washed by deionized water and centrifuged (10000rmp/min) for many times. The dried long afterglow nano rod ZnGeO Sr NRs powder is ground in an agate mortar to achieve homogeneity.
3，ZnGeO:SrNRs/Bi 5 O 7 I preparation of the composite material: the mass ratio of the long afterglow nano rod ZnGeO to Sr NRs to BiOI is controlled to be 10%, 20% and 60%. Weighing a proper amount of long afterglow nanorods ZnGeO, SrNRs and a proper amount of BiOI, grinding in an agate mortar to achieve homogeneity, then transferring into a crucible, directly calcining in air at a heating rate of 5 ℃/min in a tubular furnace at 500 ℃ for 2h, and changing white powder into faint yellow solid.
Example 3
1，Bi 5 O 7 Preparation of I: first, 4mM Bi (NO) is taken 3 ) 3 ·5H 2 O and dispersed homogeneously in 100mL of deionized water without stirring, followed by the addition of 100mL of glycerol (glycerin). Stirring for 30min until the solution is clear and transparent. 25mL of 1mM potassium iodide (KI) was then added and stirring continued for 30 min. The mixed solution was transferred to a 275mL reaction vessel and reacted at 160 ℃ for 6 hours. After the reaction kettle is completely cooled to room temperature, the solid catalyst is centrifugally washed by deionized water and ethanol for many times to remove residual impurities. Finally, the mixture is placed into a 50 ℃ oven for drying for 12 hours to obtain a white solid. The white powder obtained from drying was ground in an agate mortar to achieve homogeneity. Finally, moving the mixture to a tubular furnace, controlling the heating rate at 5 ℃/min, the heat preservation temperature at 500 ℃ and the heat preservation time at 4h, changing the white solid into light yellow, and drying to obtain light yellow solid powder Bi 5 O 7 I was ground in an agate mortar to achieve homogeneity.
2, preparing the long afterglow nano rod ZnGeO SrNRs: 8mmol Zn (NO) 3 ) 2 ，0.06mmolSr(NO 3 ) 2 And 1.2mL of concentrated nitric acid were mixed with vigorous stirring to give a colorless transparent solution. Subsequently, 44mL of ultrapure water was added to the above mixed solution. Finally, 6mL of prepared Na was added dropwise thereto 2 GeO 3 The solution was adjusted to pH 8 with ammonia. At the same time, the solution changed from clear to transparent to white turbid. The solution is magnetically stirred for 1 hour at room temperature and then transferred into a 80mL hydrothermal reaction kettle, the temperature is kept for 8 hours at 220 ℃, after the solution is naturally cooled to the room temperature, white precipitate at the lower layer is centrifugally collected and repeatedly washed by deionized water and centrifuged (10000rmp/min) for many times. The long afterglow nano rod ZnGeO SrNRs powder obtained by drying is ground in an agate mortar to achieve homogeneity.
3，ZnGeO:SrNRs/Bi 5 O 7 I preparation of the composite material: the mass ratio of the long afterglow nano rod ZnGeO to SrNRs to BiOI is controlled to be 10%, 20% and 60%. Weighing a proper amount of long afterglow nano rods ZnGeO, SrNRs and a proper amount of BiOI, grinding in an agate mortar to achieve homogeneity, then transferring into a crucible, directly calcining in air at 500 ℃ for 4h in a tubular furnace at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, and changing white powder into light yellow solid.
Example 4
1，Bi 5 O 7 Preparation of I: first 5mM Bi (NO) was taken 3 ) 3 ·5H 2 O and dispersed homogeneously in 125mL of deionized water without stirring, followed by addition of 125mL of glycerol (glycerin). Stirring for 30min until the solution is clear and transparent. 40mL of 1mM potassium iodide (KI) was then added and stirring was continued for 30 min. The mixed solution was transferred to a 300mL reaction vessel and reacted at 220 ℃ for 4 hours. After the reaction kettle is completely cooled to room temperature, the solid catalyst is centrifugally washed by deionized water and ethanol for many times to remove residual impurities. Finally, the mixture is placed into a 50 ℃ oven for drying for 12 hours to obtain a white solid. The white powder obtained from drying was ground in an agate mortar to achieve homogeneity. Finally, moving the mixture to a tubular furnace, controlling the heating rate at 2 ℃/min, the heat preservation temperature at 600 ℃, the heat preservation time at 8h, changing the white solid into light yellow, and drying to obtain light yellow solid powder Bi 5 O 7 I was ground in an agate mortar to achieve homogeneity.
2, preparing the long afterglow nanorod ZnGeO Sr NRs: 10mmol Zn (NO) 3 ) 2 ,0.1mmolSr(NO 3 ) 2 And 1.5mL of concentrated nitric acid were mixed with vigorous stirring to give a colorless transparent solution. Subsequently, 55mL of ultrapure water was added to the above mixed solution. Finally, 8mL of prepared Na was added dropwise thereto 2 GeO 3 The solution was adjusted to pH 10 with ammonia. At the same time, the solution changed from clear to white turbidity. The solution is magnetically stirred for 1 hour at room temperature and then transferred into a 80mL hydrothermal reaction kettle, the temperature is kept for 12 hours at 220 ℃, after the solution is naturally cooled to the room temperature, white precipitate at the lower layer is centrifugally collected and repeatedly washed by deionized water and centrifuged (10000rmp/min) for many times. The dried long afterglow nano rod ZnGeO Sr NRs powder is ground in an agate mortar to achieve homogeneity.
3，ZnGeO:SrNRs/Bi 5 O 7 I preparation of the composite material: the mass ratio of the long afterglow nano rod ZnGeO to Sr NRs to BiOI is controlled to be 10%, 20% and 60%. Weighing a proper amount of long afterglow nano rods ZnGeO, SrNRs and a proper amount of BiOI, grinding in an agate mortar to achieve homogeneity, then transferring into a crucible, directly calcining in air at 500 ℃ for 8h in a tubular furnace at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, and changing white powder into light yellow solid.
Application example
Study of catalytic performance of the composite: the 10mg long afterglow nanorod ZnGeO of ZnGeO SrNRs/Bi prepared in the example 1 is weighed 5 O 7 I composite material, dissolved in 30mL of 20mg/L tetracycline. It was first stirred in the dark for 30min to reach adsorption-desorption equilibrium. Samples were then taken every 2min under visible light. The concentration of tetracycline was measured by centrifugation. Samples were taken 9 times in succession and measured for 18 min. Long afterglow nano rod ZnGeO Sr NRs/Bi 5 O 7 The composite material I can degrade 60% -80% of tetracycline.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of the invention may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The long afterglow-bismuth based nano composite photocatalyst is characterized in that the nano composite photocatalyst is ZnGeO Sr NRs/Bi 5 O 7 I; wherein the weight of ZnGeO to Sr NRs is ZnGeO to Sr NRs/Bi 5 O 7 10-60% of the weight of I.
2. The preparation method of the long afterglow-bismuth based nano composite photocatalyst as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) zn (NO) is added 3 ) 2 、Sr(NO 3 ) 2 Mixing with concentrated nitric acid to form colorless transparent solution, adding water and Na 2 GeO 3 Adjusting the pH value of the solution to 7-11, uniformly mixing the obtained solution, and carrying out hydrothermal reaction to obtain a precipitate, namely the long-afterglow nanorod ZnGeO: Sr NRs;
(2) uniformly mixing the long afterglow nanorod ZnGeO: Sr NRs and the BiOI in the step (1), grinding and homogenizing, and calcining the obtained mixture to obtain the nano composite photocatalyst; the calcination condition is that the calcination is carried out for 0.5 to 8 hours at the temperature of 450 to 600 ℃.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein in the step (1), Zn (NO) is added 3 ) 2 、Sr(NO 3 ) 2 The molar ratio is 2:0.01-2: 0.05.
4. The preparation method according to claim 2, wherein in the step (1), the hydrothermal reaction temperature is 120-220 ℃.
5. The method according to claim 2, wherein the hydrothermal reaction is carried out for 2 to 12 hours in the step (1).
6. The preparation method of claim 2, wherein in the step (2), the mass ratio of the long afterglow nanorods ZnGeO: Sr NRs to BiOI is 1:9-6: 4.
7. The production method according to claim 2, wherein in the step (2), the temperature increase rate of the calcination is 2 to 5 ℃/min.
8. The application of the long afterglow-bismuth based nano composite photocatalyst as claimed in claim 1 in photocatalytic degradation of agricultural and veterinary medicines.
9. The use according to claim 8, wherein said veterinary drug is selected from tetracycline, chloramphenicol or malachite green.
10. The application of the long afterglow-bismuth based nano composite photocatalyst as defined in claim 1 in photocatalytic degradation of acid orange.
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