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CN113725994B - 无人驾驶车辆低压负载的电源冗余方法及其电路 - Google Patents

无人驾驶车辆低压负载的电源冗余方法及其电路 Download PDF

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CN113725994B
CN113725994B CN202110916676.5A CN202110916676A CN113725994B CN 113725994 B CN113725994 B CN 113725994B CN 202110916676 A CN202110916676 A CN 202110916676A CN 113725994 B CN113725994 B CN 113725994B
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contactor
voltage
voltage converter
battery
bms
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CN113725994A (zh
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陈汉涛
裴俊峰
张绍丹
杨阳
陈珍颖
叶昭芳
何捷
舒信慧
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Zhejiang Asia Pacific Intelligent Network Automobile Innovation Center Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
    • H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
    • H02J9/061—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for DC powered loads
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00001—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by the display of information or by user interaction, e.g. supervisory control and data acquisition systems [SCADA] or graphical user interfaces [GUI]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
    • H02J13/00016—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using a wired telecommunication network or a data transmission bus
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0068—Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
    • H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
    • H02J9/068—Electronic means for switching from one power supply to another power supply, e.g. to avoid parallel connection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
    • H02J2310/48—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种无人驾驶车辆低压负载的电源冗余方法及电路，通过继电器接入第一接触器，第一接触器触点闭合使第一电压转换器开始运行，经第三接触器为电池供电，此时第二接触器断开使得第二电压转换器处于冷待机状态；在第一电压转换器为电池供电过程中，由电压传感器实时监测第一电压转换器的工作状态，若出现故障则电压传感器上报故障至BMS，BMS立刻停止DC/DC信号使继电器断开复位并接入第二接触器，第二接触器触点闭合使第二电压转换器运行为电池供电，同时第三接触器断开使得第一电压转换器从电网中剥离；在故障排除后，整车高压关闭再次上电，电源冗余功能初始化。本发明可以解决单台电压转换器故障导致无法为电池充电的问题。

Description

无人驾驶车辆低压负载的电源冗余方法及其电路
技术领域
本发明涉及汽车领域，特别涉及一种无人驾驶车辆低压负载的电源冗余方法及其电路。
背景技术
分布式驱动使整车结构更为简洁、紧凑，车身多余的空间为电源冗余提供了可行条件。传统电气设计中12V电池负责给低压负载供电，由单台DC(电压转换器)为其充电，若运行中DC遇到故障失去输出会导致包括EPS，ESC等安全执行部件在内的整车低压负载全由12V电池供电且没有任何提示，然而12V电池因其在设计功能和空间尺寸等条件限制下自身容量有限，如果电池电量不足压降过大会让负载失电从而影响整车行驶安全。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于，提供一种无人驾驶车辆低压负载的电源冗余方法及其电路。本发明可以解决单台电压转换器故障导致无法为电池充电的问题，提高了无人驾驶车辆的行车安全性。
本发明的技术方案：无人驾驶车辆低压负载的电源冗余方法，通过继电器接入第一接触器，第一接触器触点闭合使第一电压转换器开始运行，经第三接触器为电池供电，此时第二接触器断开使得第二电压转换器处于冷待机状态；在第一电压转换器为电池供电过程中，由电压传感器实时监测第一电压转换器的工作状态，若出现故障则电压传感器上报故障至BMS，BMS立刻停止DC/DC信号使继电器断开复位并接入第二接触器，第二接触器触点闭合使第二电压转换器运行为电池供电，同时第三接触器断开使得第一电压转换器从电网中剥离；在故障排除后，整车高压关闭再次上电，电源冗余功能初始化。
上述的无人驾驶车辆低压负载的电源冗余方法，若出现故障，电压传感器向T-BOX发送故障代码，T-BOX收到故障代码后向云端控制台报告。
前述的无人驾驶车辆低压负载的电源冗余方法，电源冗余功能初始化，将第一电压转换器作为为第一启动顺位。
前述的无人驾驶车辆低压负载的电源冗余方法的电路，所述电路包括BMS、PUD、第一电压转换器、电压传感器、第三接触器、第二电压转换器和电池；所述PUD中设有继电器、第一接触器和第二接触器；所述BMS的高压正极分别与继电器、第一接触器和第二接触器的触点端连接；所述继电器的触点接触端分别与第一接触器和第二接触器的线圈正极连接；所述第一接触器的触点接触端与第一电压转换器的高压正极输入端连接，所述第二接触器的触点接触端与第二电压转换器的高压正极输入端连接；所述BMS的DC/DC信号端分别连接继电器和第三接触器；所述继电器、第一接触器、第二接触器、第一电压转换器、第二电压转换器和第三接触器分别与BMS的高压负极连接；所述第一电压转换器和第二电压转换器分别与电池连接，且第三接触器连接在第一电压转换器与电池之间；所述电压传感器设置在第一电压转换器与第三接触器之间，且电压传感器与BMS经CAN线连接。
前述的无人驾驶车辆低压负载的电源冗余方法的电路，所述BMS经CAN线连接T-BOX，T-BOX经CAN线与电压传感器连接。
与现有技术相比，本发明通过继电器接入第一接触器，第一接触器触点闭合使第一电压转换器开始运行，经第三接触器为电池供电，此时第二接触器断开使得第二电压转换器处于冷待机状态；在第一电压转换器为电池供电过程中，由电压传感器实时监测第一电压转换器的工作状态，若出现故障则电压传感器上报故障至BMS，BMS立刻停止DC/DC信号使继电器断开复位并接入第二接触器，第二接触器触点闭合使第二电压转换器运行为电池供电，同时第三接触器断开使得第一电压转换器从电网中剥离；在故障排除后，整车高压关闭再次上电，电源冗余功能初始化。由此本发明可以解决单台电压转换器故障导致无法为电池充电的问题，提高了无人驾驶车辆的行车安全性。此外，本发明通过设置电压传感器可以在第一转换器故障时将故障发送至T-BOX，利用T-BOX向云端控制台进行报告，使得驾驶员可以获知故障提示，便于后续的检修。
附图说明
图1是本发明的电路示意图；
附图标记
1、BMS；2、PUD；3、第一电压转换器；4、电压传感器；5、第三接触器；6、第二电压转换器；7、电池；8、继电器；9、第一接触器；10、第二接触器；11、T-BOX；12、负载。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步的说明，但并不作为对本发明限制的依据。
实施例：无人驾驶车辆低压负载12的电源冗余方法，通过继电器8接入第一接触器9，第一接触器9触点闭合使第一电压转换器3开始运行，经第三接触器5为电池7供电，此时第二接触器10断开使得第二电压转换器6处于冷待机状态；在第一电压转换器3为电池7供电过程中，由电压传感器4实时监测第一电压转换器3的工作状态，若出现故障则电压传感器4上报故障至BMS1，BMS1立刻停止DC/DC信号使继电器8断开复位并接入第二接触器10，第二接触器10触点闭合使第二电压转换器6运行为电池7供电，同时第三接触器5断开使得第一电压转换器3从电网中剥离；在出现故障，电压传感器4还向T-BOX11发送故障代码，T-BOX11收到故障代码后向云端控制台报告，便于驾驶员或维修人员检修；在故障排除后，整车高压关闭再次上电，电源冗余功能初始化，将第一电压转换器3作为为第一启动顺位。
为实现上述无人驾驶车辆低压负载12的电源冗余方法，构建一种无人驾驶车辆低压负载12的电源冗余电路，如图1所示，所述电路包括BMS1(电池7管理系统)、PUD2(汽车车轮的电源分配单元)、第一电压转换器3(DC1)、电压传感器4、第三接触器5、第二电压转换器6(DC2)和电池7(12V电池7)，电池7连接负载12；所述PUD2中设有继电器8、第一接触器9和第二接触器10；所述BMS1的高压正极分别与继电器8、第一接触器9和第二接触器10的触点端连接；所述继电器8的触点接触端分别与第一接触器9和第二接触器10的线圈正极连接；所述第一接触器9的触点接触端与第一电压转换器3的高压正极输入端连接，所述第二接触器10的触点接触端与第二电压转换器6的高压正极输入端连接；所述BMS1的DC/DC信号端分别连接继电器8和第三接触器5；所述继电器8、第一接触器9、第二接触器10、第一电压转换器3、第二电压转换器6和第三接触器5分别与BMS1的高压负极连接；所述第一电压转换器3和第二电压转换器6分别与电池7连接，且第三接触器5连接在第一电压转换器3与电池7之间；所述电压传感器4设置在第一电压转换器3与第三接触器5之间，且电压传感器4与BMS1经CAN线连接。所述BMS1经CAN线连接T-BOX11，T-BOX11经CAN线与电压传感器4连接。
在图1的电路中，高压启动后，PDU内部输入的第一接触器9闭合，在DC1(第一电压转换器3)的输出端加装一个电压传感器4实时监测其工作状态，DC1工作后为12V电池7充电，若DC1(第一电压转换器3)出现故障失去输出时，电压传感器4通过CAN网络上报BMS1，BMS1将DC 1断开并接入DC 2(第二电压转换器6)代替，此时断开第三接触器5使DC1从整车电网中被彻底剥离，T-BOX11在收到电压传感器4发出的故障信息后会向云端控制台报警提示相关故障，使车辆停止运行后及时得到检修。

Claims (4)

1.无人驾驶车辆低压负载的电源冗余方法，其特征在于：通过继电器接入第一接触器，第一接触器触点闭合使第一电压转换器开始运行，经第三接触器为电池供电，此时第二接触器断开使得第二电压转换器处于冷待机状态；在第一电压转换器为电池供电过程中，由电压传感器实时监测第一电压转换器的工作状态，若出现故障则电压传感器上报故障至BMS，BMS立刻停止DC/DC信号使继电器断开复位并接入第二接触器，第二接触器触点闭合使第二电压转换器运行为电池供电，同时第三接触器断开使得第一电压转换器从电网中剥离；在故障排除后，整车高压关闭再次上电，电源冗余功能初始化；
实现无人驾驶车辆低压负载的电源冗余方法的电路，所述电路包括BMS（1）、PUD（2）、第一电压转换器（3）、电压传感器（4）、第三接触器（5）、第二电压转换器（6）和电池（7）；所述PUD（2）中设有继电器（8）、第一接触器（9）和第二接触器（10）；所述BMS（1）的高压正极分别与继电器（8）的触点端、第一接触器（9）的触点端和第二接触器（10）的触点端连接；所述继电器（8）的两个触点接触端分别与第一接触器（9）和第二接触器（10）的线圈正极连接；所述第一接触器（9）的触点接触端与第一电压转换器（3）的高压正极输入端连接，所述第二接触器（10）的触点接触端与第二电压转换器（6）的高压正极输入端连接；所述BMS（1）的DC/DC信号端分别连接继电器（8）的线圈正极和第三接触器（5）的线圈正极连接；所述继电器（8）的线圈负极、第一接触器（9）的线圈负极、第二接触器（10）的线圈负极、第一电压转换器（3）的高压负极、第二电压转换器（6）的高压负极和第三接触器（5）的线圈负极分别与BMS的高压负极连接；所述第一电压转换器（3）的输出端负极和第二电压转换器（6）的输出端负极分别与电池（7）的负极连接；所述第三接触器（5）的触点端与第一电压转换器（3）的输出端正极连接，第三接触器（5）的触点接触端以及第二电压转换器（6）的输出端正极与电池（7）正极连接；所述电压传感器（4）设置在第一电压转换器（3）与第三接触器（5）之间，且电压传感器（4）与BMS（1）经CAN线连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的无人驾驶车辆低压负载的电源冗余方法，其特征在于：若出现故障，电压传感器向T-BOX发送故障代码，T-BOX收到故障代码后向云端控制台报告。
3.根据权利要求1所述的无人驾驶车辆低压负载的电源冗余方法，其特征在于：电源冗余功能初始化，将第一电压转换器作为第一启动顺位。
4.根据权利要求1所述的无人驾驶车辆低压负载的电源冗余方法，其特征在于：所述BMS（1）经CAN线连接T-BOX（11），T-BOX（11）经CAN线与电压传感器（4）连接。
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