CN113725578A - Compact satellite-borne multi-beam four-feed-source synthesis feed source array - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
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- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
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Abstract
一种紧凑型星载多波束四馈源合成馈源阵列，包括辐射喇叭层(1)、极化频率双工层(2)、收发合成网络层(3)；辐射喇叭层(1)包括多个喇叭，相邻的两行喇叭交错排列，且喇叭的排布采用四色复用方案；极化频率双工层(2)包括多个极化频率双工器，发射左旋圆极化端口与发射右旋圆极化端口成90°正交，接收左旋圆极化端口与接收右旋圆极化端口平行；收发网络层(3)包括发射功分网络和接收合路网络，发射功分网络包括左旋功分网络单元和右旋功分网络单元，左旋功分网络单元与发射左旋圆极化端口连接且连接处成90°正交，右旋功分网络与发射右旋圆极化端口连接且连接处成90°正交。
A compact spaceborne multi-beam four-feed synthesis feed array, comprising a radiation horn layer (1), a polarization frequency duplex layer (2), and a transceiver synthesis network layer (3); the radiation horn layer (1) includes a multi- two horns, the adjacent two rows of horns are staggered, and the arrangement of the horns adopts a four-color multiplexing scheme; the polarization frequency duplex layer (2) includes a plurality of polarization frequency duplexers, and the transmitting left-hand circular polarization port and the The transmitting right-handed circularly polarized port is orthogonal to 90°, and the receiving left-handed circularly polarized port is parallel to the receiving right-handed circularly polarized port; the transceiver network layer (3) includes a transmit power division network, a receive combiner network, and a transmit power division network It includes a left-handed power division network unit and a right-handed power division network unit. The left-handed power division network unit is connected to the transmitting left-hand circularly polarized port and the connection is 90° orthogonal, and the right-handed power division network is connected to the transmitting right-handed circularly polarized port. And the connection is 90° orthogonal.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a compact satellite-borne multi-beam four-feed source synthesis feed source array, and belongs to the field of satellite-borne synthesis multi-beam antennas.
Background
With the development of internet application, the demand of China on broadband satellite communication service is increased year by year, and particularly, the capacity demand of a satellite system is increased in a blowout manner by the application of technologies such as cloud computing, internet of things and 5G. Through analysis, the requirement of various industries in China on satellite communication capacity approaches to 1.7Tbps by 2025, and the research on the ultra-large capacity broadband satellite communication technology based on the 1Tbps capacity is urgently needed to meet the rapidly increasing domestic demand.
The system comprises a space-ground integrated system communication system, a ground system architecture design supporting massive terminals, a space-ground integrated beam hopping technology, broadband flexible load on-satellite digital transparent processing, an extremely narrow beam high-gain low-sidelobe multi-beam antenna and the like, and is an ultra-large capacity communication satellite system based on 1 Tbps. To develop a super-large capacity communication satellite system, synthesizing a multi-beam antenna is a problem that needs to be solved urgently by those skilled in the antenna field.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the method overcomes the defects of the prior art, provides a compact satellite-borne multi-beam four-feed source synthesis feed source array, and comprises two parts of content of feed source array scheme design and compact receiving and transmitting synthesis network design, wherein the feed source array scheme comprises feed source arrangement, four-color multiplexing and receiving and transmitting synthesis network interface design, and in order to inhibit leakage of electromagnetic wave transmitted between synthesis network layers, a single feed source transmits a left-handed interface and a right-handed interface to form an orthogonal structure; the receiving and transmitting synthesis network is designed into a scheme of self-compensating phase of the unequal amplitude power divider in order to achieve the purpose of compact design, and structurally, a phase shift layer of a traditional network is not provided, and functionally, the power divider self-compensates the phase.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the embodiment of the invention provides a compact satellite-borne multi-beam four-feed source synthesis feed source array, which comprises a radiation horn layer, a polarization frequency duplex layer and a receiving and transmitting synthesis network layer;
the radiation horn layer comprises M rows of N single horns, every two adjacent rows of horns are arranged in a staggered mode, and the arrangement of the horns adopts a four-color multiplexing scheme; wherein M is more than or equal to 2 and is an even number, and N is more than or equal to 2;
the polarization frequency duplex layer comprises M rows of N polarization frequency duplexers, each polarization frequency duplexer is a five-port device, a public port is connected with a horn, a left-handed circular polarization transmitting port and a right-handed circular polarization transmitting port are orthogonal at 90 degrees, and a left-handed circular polarization receiving port is parallel to a right-handed circular polarization receiving port;
the transmitting-receiving network layer comprises a transmitting power distribution network and a receiving combiner network, the transmitting power distribution network comprises a left-handed power distribution network and a right-handed power distribution network, the left-handed power distribution network and the right-handed power distribution network both adopt H-plane one-to-four power dividers, four branches of a left-handed power distribution network unit are connected with four transmitting left-handed circularly polarized ports of the polarization frequency duplexer, and four branches of a right-handed power distribution network unit are connected with four transmitting right-handed circularly polarized ports of the polarization frequency duplexer; the receiving combiner network comprises a left-handed combiner network and a right-handed combiner network, four branches of the left-handed combiner network unit are connected with four receiving left-handed circularly polarized ports of the polarized frequency duplexer, and four branches of the right-handed combiner network unit are connected with four receiving right-handed circularly polarized ports of the polarized frequency duplexer.
In an embodiment of the present invention, in the H-plane one-to-four power divider, the arm lengths of the four output ports are different, so that the phases of the four output ports are equal.
In an embodiment of the invention, four single feed sources tightly attached to two adjacent rows of array feed sources in the radiation horn layer form a beam.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the speaker adopts a light wall forming structure.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the common port of the polarization frequency duplexer is circular, and the remaining four ports are rectangular.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the transceiver network layers are arranged in layers, the small-sized receiving combining network is located on the first layer and closer to the polarization frequency duplex layer, and the large-sized transmitting power dividing network is located on the second layer and further away from the polarization frequency duplex layer.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the left-hand circularly polarized transmission port and the right-hand circularly polarized transmission port are orthogonal to each other at 90 °, so as to prevent the left-hand circularly polarized electromagnetic wave and the right-hand circularly polarized electromagnetic wave from leaking each other.
The embodiment of the invention provides a super-capacity communication satellite which is characterized by comprising a satellite body and the compact satellite-borne multi-beam four-feed-source synthesis feed source array.
In one embodiment of the invention, the communication capacity of the satellite is not less than 1 Tbps.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention provides a compact satellite-borne multi-beam four-feed source synthesis feed source array, which is narrow in beam width and hundreds of beams in number and is suitable for the field of next generation of high-capacity communication satellite multi-beam antennas with the frequency of more than 1 Tbps.
(2) The invention discloses a compact satellite-borne multi-beam four-feed source synthesis feed source array which is compact in structure, free of shared units among adjacent beams, easy to layer, divide and manufacture, block-assembled and combined and easy to realize an ultra-large-scale array;
(3) the invention provides a receiving and transmitting network, which can cause electromagnetic leakage between aluminum plate layers of the receiving and transmitting network due to thermal deformation caused by a space environment, and cause poor isolation of transmitted signals due to electromagnetic leakage, thereby seriously affecting the C/I of wave beams;
(4) the invention provides a transmitting-receiving network, which has the advantages that through the asymmetrical design structure of a power divider and a combiner, the power divider network and the combiner network have the functions of power division and phase compensation at the same time, compared with a four-feed source synthesis network of Telex corporation, the phase-shifting layer is omitted, the envelope size is reduced, and the weight of a large-scale array is effectively reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1a is a schematic structural diagram of a radiation layer of a four-feed synthesis array horn;
FIG. 1b is a schematic diagram of a four-feed source composite polarization frequency duplex layer structure;
FIG. 1c is a schematic diagram of a four-feed synthesis array transmit-receive synthesis network layer structure;
FIG. 1d is a schematic diagram of a four-feed synthetic feed array diagram;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a four-feed array scheme and a transmit-receive composite network interface;
FIG. 3a is a diagram of the connection between the polarization frequency duplex layer and the receiving network;
FIG. 3b is a diagram of the connection between the polarization frequency duplex layer and the transmission network;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a spatial hierarchical design of a transmit-receive composite network;
fig. 5a is a schematic diagram of a receiving combiner unit structure;
fig. 5b is a schematic diagram of the structure of the transmit synthesizer unit 1;
fig. 5c is a schematic diagram of the transmit synthesizer unit 2;
FIG. 6 shows the simulation calculation results of four-branch phase compensation of the synthetic network;
FIG. 7 is a simulation calculation of a transmit synthetic beam pattern;
fig. 8 shows the results of simulation calculations of the received synthetic beam pattern.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A compact satellite-borne multi-beam four-feed source synthesis feed source array comprises a radiation horn layer 1, a polarization frequency duplex layer 2 and a receiving and transmitting synthesis network layer 3;
the radiation horn layer 1 comprises M rows and N single horns in each row, two adjacent rows of horns are arranged in a staggered mode, and the arrangement of the horns adopts a four-color multiplexing scheme; wherein M is more than or equal to 2 and is an even number, and N is more than or equal to 2;
the polarization frequency duplex layer 2 comprises M rows of N polarization frequency duplexers, each polarization frequency duplexer is a five-port device, a public port is connected with a horn, a left-hand circular polarization transmitting port and a right-hand circular polarization transmitting port are orthogonal at 90 degrees, and a left-hand circular polarization receiving port is parallel to a right-hand circular polarization receiving port;
the transmitting-receiving network layer 3 comprises a transmitting power distribution network and a receiving combiner network, the transmitting power distribution network comprises a left-handed power distribution network and a right-handed power distribution network, the left-handed power distribution network and the right-handed power distribution network both adopt H-plane one-to-four power dividers, four branches of a left-handed power distribution network unit are connected with four transmitting left-handed circularly polarized ports of a polarization frequency duplexer, and four branches of a right-handed power distribution network unit are connected with four transmitting right-handed circularly polarized ports of the polarization frequency duplexer; the receiving combiner network comprises a left-handed combiner network and a right-handed combiner network, four branches of the left-handed combiner network unit are connected with four receiving left-handed circularly polarized ports of the polarized frequency duplexer, and four branches of the right-handed combiner network unit are connected with four receiving right-handed circularly polarized ports of the polarized frequency duplexer.
In the H-plane one-to-four power divider, the arm lengths of the four output ports are different, so that the phases of the four output ports are equal.
Four single feed sources tightly attached to two adjacent rows of array feed sources in the radiation horn layer 1 form a beam. The horn adopts a light wall forming structure.
The common port of the polarization frequency duplexer is circular, and the remaining four ports are rectangular.
The receiving and transmitting network layer 3 is arranged in a layered mode through receiving and transmitting networks, the receiving combining network with the smaller size is located on the first layer and is closer to the polarization frequency duplex layer 2, and the transmitting power dividing network with the larger size is located on the second layer and is further away from the polarization frequency duplex layer 2.
The transmitting left-hand circularly polarized port and the transmitting right-hand circularly polarized port are orthogonal at 90 degrees and are used for preventing left-hand circularly polarized electromagnetic waves and right-hand circularly polarized electromagnetic waves from being leaked mutually.
A super-capacity communication satellite comprises a satellite body and the compact satellite-borne multi-beam four-feed-source synthesis feed source array. The communication capacity of the satellite is not less than 1 Tbps.
More specifically:
a compact satellite-borne multi-beam four-feed source synthesis feed source array comprises a radiation horn layer 1, a polarization frequency duplex layer 2 and a receiving and transmitting network layer 3, and is shown in figures 1a, 1b, 1c and 1 d.
The radiant horn layer 1 is formed by arranging N rows (N is larger than or equal to 2) of the horns at a certain interval, wherein M (M is larger than or equal to 2) of each row is N multiplied by M, and two adjacent rows of array horns are arranged in a staggered mode. 1. The No. 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 horns are arranged in a vertically staggered manner, wherein the No. 3 and the No. 4 are shared feed sources. The array is arranged in a four-color multiplexing scheme, the feed sources of No. 1, No. 2, No. 4 and No. 5 synthesize F1/P1 and F2/P1 wave beams, and the feed sources of No. 2, No. 3, No. 5 and No. 6 synthesize F1/P2 and F2/P2 wave beams, wherein F1 is the transmitting frequency, F2 is the receiving frequency, P1 is left-handed polarization, P2 is right-handed polarization, namely four wave beams can be synthesized by six loudspeakers. 7. Horns No. 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 perform the same function as horns No. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 at different locations, see fig. 2.
The above is a four-feed synthetic beam scheme, and the following details the feed array connection relationship.
The radiation horns (namely feed sources) of the radiation horn layer 1 are of light wall forming structures, and four adjacent horns form a group, and are combined into transmitting and receiving beams through amplitude-phase weighting. And the single horn in the radiation horn layer 1 is connected with the duplexer unit in the polarized frequency duplex layer 2 through a common round port, namely the single horn is connected with the single duplexer.
The duplexer in the polarization frequency duplex layer 2 realizes the formation of transmitting and receiving circular polarization and provides good frequency and polarization isolation. The radiation horn is a five-port device, a common round port is connected with a horn unit in the radiation horn layer 1, and the remaining four ports are rectangular ports which are a port for transmitting left-handed rotation and a port for receiving right-handed rotation.
The transceiving network layer 3 implements amplitude-phase weighting coefficients. The connection relationship between the duplexer and the transceiving network is equivalently described by the connection relationship of four color beams, namely, transmitting left and right hand beams (F1/P1, F1/P2) and receiving left and right hand beams (F2/P1, F2/P2). Six adjacent duplexers and horns are arranged in a group in a staggered mode, the middle duplexers and the horns are a common feed source, the left-handed (F1/P1) emitting and receiving (F2/P1) beams can be achieved through the left-handed duplexers and the horns on the left side of the duplexers and the horns on the right side of the duplexers and the horns, and the right-handed (F1/P2) emitting and receiving (F2/P2) beams can be achieved through the right-handed power divider and the horns on the right side of the duplexers and the horns. Four transmitting left-hand ports (211, 212, 213 and 214) of four frequency duplexers are connected with a transmitting left-hand power dividing network, a transmitting left-hand signal is fed into F1/P1 through a port (301), four transmitting right-hand ports (221, 222, 223 and 224) of the four frequency duplexers are connected with the transmitting right-hand power dividing network, a transmitting right-hand signal is fed into F1/P2 through a port (302), four receiving left-hand ports (231, 232, 233 and 234) of the four frequency duplexers are connected with a receiving combining network, a synthesized left-hand signal is output from a port (303) to F2/P1, four receiving right-hand ports (241, 242, 243 and 244) of the four frequency duplexers are connected with the receiving combining network, a synthesized right-hand signal is output from a port (304) to F2/P2, and an empty port is connected with an absorption load, as shown in figures 3a and 3 b.
The total four networks in a group of four-color wave beams in the transmitting and receiving network layer 3 are respectively a receiving combining network (5, 6) and a transmitting power dividing network (7, 8). In order to meet the requirements of spatial layout and transmit-receive suppression, transmit-receive networks are arranged in a layered manner, a receive combining network with a smaller size is located in a first layer and is closer to a polarization frequency duplex layer, and a transmit power dividing network with a larger size is located in a second layer and is further away from the polarization frequency duplex layer, as shown in fig. 4.
The four-feed source synthesis feed source array is a receiving and transmitting shared system, a layered manufacturing process is adopted, in order to prevent high-power left-handed and right-handed circularly polarized electromagnetic waves from leaking mutually due to the problems of insufficient screw pressure, stress deformation, thermal deformation and the like between the aluminum plate layers of the synthesis network, an interface orthogonal design is adopted for a left-handed power transmission network electromagnetic channel and a right-handed power transmission network electromagnetic channel in the polarization frequency duplex layer 2 and the receiving and transmitting network layer 3, and in the figure 3a, the left-handed circularly polarized transmitting ports (211-214) and the right-handed circularly polarized transmitting ports (221-224) are orthogonal at 90 degrees.
The transmitting power dividing network in the transmitting-receiving network layer 3 has two structures, namely a transmitting left-handed power dividing network and a transmitting right-handed power dividing network, which are shown in fig. 5b and 5c, and the receiving left-handed combining network and the receiving combining network are one structure, which is shown in fig. 5 a.
The transmitting power divider and the receiving combiner in the transmitting-receiving network layer 3 are designed in a compact mode, the power divider and the combiner are 1-divided-into-4-path microwave passive devices, four paths of power are different, four paths of phases are inconsistent, in order to compensate the inconsistency of the phases of the four paths, an independent phase-shifting layer structure is adopted in the traditional scheme. With the synthesizer units in columns, the length of the arms (401, 403 and 405) is not equal to the length of the arms (402, 404 and 406), see fig. 5a, and the compensated phase relationship is as in fig. 6.
The design results of the radiation pattern of the four-feed synthesis multi-beam scheme of the invention are shown in fig. 7 (transmitting frequency band) and 8 (receiving frequency band).
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that those matters not described in detail in the present specification are well known in the art.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make variations and modifications of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention by using the methods and technical contents disclosed above.
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| CN115036679A (en) * | 2022-07-14 | 2022-09-09 | 西安航天天绘数据技术有限公司 | Multi-subarray assembled panel antenna |
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| CN115632241A (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2023-01-20 | 成都华芯天微科技有限公司 | Satellite-borne multi-beam phased array antenna for low-orbit satellite communication |
| CN115632241B (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2023-05-30 | 成都华芯天微科技有限公司 | Satellite-borne multi-beam phased array antenna for low-orbit satellite communication |
| CN116914441A (en) * | 2023-09-14 | 2023-10-20 | 迪泰（浙江）通信技术有限公司 | Satellite antenna spin polarization switching method based on Ka band planar array |
| CN116914441B (en) * | 2023-09-14 | 2023-12-29 | 迪泰（浙江）通信技术有限公司 | Satellite antenna spin polarization switching method based on Ka band planar array |
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