CN113678763A - Simple method for induction preservation and germination of Fangchi egg and clear water thereof - Google Patents
Simple method for induction preservation and germination of Fangchi egg and clear water thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/20—Culture of aquatic animals of zooplankton, e.g. water fleas or Rotatoria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
- A01K61/17—Hatching, e.g. incubators
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/60—Floating cultivation devices, e.g. rafts or floating fish-farms
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention discloses a simple method for induction preservation and germination of Fang eggs of Fang river insects and clear water of the Fang river insects, which comprises the following steps of: gradually decreasing from 100 percent of the feeding amount at ordinary times to 25 percent to induce out winter eggs; step two, adding original culture water to 75% -100% of the volume, sealing the cover and then storing in a refrigerator at 4 ℃; taking out the culture medium from the refrigerator, directly adding tap water into the culture container to serve as hatching fluid, keeping the temperature between 23 and 28 ℃, performing static culture in a lighted room, and performing static incubation for 2 to 3 days. And (4) after the incubated young daphnia is subjected to grading amplification culture, putting the young daphnia into a net cage of a water body to be cleaned, and cleaning the water body. The simple method for inducing, preserving and germinating the freshwater insect winter eggs and the clear water thereof can quickly induce the winter eggs to generate, preserve for a long time at low cost and germinate quickly, and realize the commercial production of the freshwater insect and the wide application in the clear water aspect; it serves the water ecological restoration industry and the aquatic seedling raising industry.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of water ecological restoration, in particular to a simple method for inducing, preserving and germinating winter eggs of a lima and removing green algae (clear water) in a water body by using the lima.
Background
With the influence of human on natural environment, the eutrophication degree of water body is higher and higher at present, which causes mass propagation of micro floating algae in the water body, especially the outbreak (commonly called as 'water bloom') of medium-sized green algae, micro-capsule blue algae and the like in water-saving bodies in summer and autumn, the algae bodies can release toxin after death, the water body is lack of oxygen and has stink odor, aquatic animals die in a large amount, the water body environment is extremely deteriorated, and the ornamental value and the utilization value of the water body are greatly reduced.
In the prior art, a plurality of methods for treating water eutrophication have certain effects such as dredging, water blending, physical and chemical algae removal, bacteria (such as algae-dissolving bacteria) feeding, biological regulation and the like. The application of biological food chain (with classical/non-classical biological manipulation technology) has made a stage progress in water eutrophication (such as ZL201210308099.2, a method for feeding blue-green algae by daphnia senile.
Cladocera belongs to the phylum arthropoda, crustacea, gilles, subclasses, order bia, and subclasses brachycotina, and is commonly called daphnia, commonly called "red worm" or "fish worm". The fish fries live in plankton in water, and are eaten by microalgae (such as chlorella, scenedesmus and the like), bacteria (such as yeast, bacillus and the like) and organic detritus (such as wheat bran, rice bran and the like after soaking and fermentation), which are important baits for fish fries.
The reproduction modes of the cladocera include parthenogenesis and amphoteric reproduction, and parthenogenesis is the main mode of carrying out mass reproduction under normal environmental conditions. Dormant eggs (winter eggs) are the products of the offspring of cladocerans which undergo sexual reproduction under adverse environmental conditions.
Moinagiria spinosa (Moinamcocopa) is a familiar fresh water cladocera, and is frequently abundant in summer and suitable for parthenogenesis within the range of 5-30 ℃, wherein 10-15 eggs in summer can be obtained, and the maximum number can be 60. Is distributed in Guangdong, Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Hunan, Hubei, Shandong, Hebei, Henan, Liaoning, Jilin, inner Mongolia, Shanxi, Gansu, Qinghai and Tibet (Jiangming, China animal zhi Arthropoda Crshell class fresh water clade Beijing: scientific publishing agency, 1979. P155).
Chlorella belongs to the order Chlorococcales, is most widely distributed in fresh water, is the most common, and is particularly in water bodies rich in organic matters (Zhongyunlong spore plant experiment and practice (3 rd edition) Beijing Master university Press 2012.7P 4).
It is well known that planktonic unicellular algae have a great bait significance for cladocerans. It is common for us to consume too much algae in a pond when the number of cladocera is large, so that the pond water becomes completely transparent (Jiangzhi, stifling Nanshan, Beijing of Crustacea freshwater cladocera of China animal-Lophobarda, science publishers 1979. P24 ~ 54).
Freezing and storing the winter eggs of the bare-belly daphnia mongolica at-4 ℃ for 0-62 days, wherein the germination rate of the bare-belly daphnia mongolica is increased along with the increase of the storage time and is up to 22%; the germination rate of the bacillus subtilis is in a descending trend in 62-180 days (Montron, Dengdao. research progress of formation and germination of dormant eggs of cladocera. animal journal 2008 (3): 154-160).
Germinating daphnia magna resting eggs stored with water in a filtering pond with aerated tap water as a germination liquid; the germination rate of aerated tap water is higher, the highest germination rate is 38.33% when the aerated tap water is stored for 42 days, the lowest germination rate is 8.33% when the aerated tap water is stored for 7 days, the optimal germination rate of dormant eggs is 14-49 days, and the germination rate range is 25.00% -38.33%. Therefore, the resting eggs are preserved for 1 month during germination. How best dormant eggs are stored? How long is storage the highest germination rate? Under what ecological conditions, can the cladocera germinate with the highest rate in a short time? The above problems determine whether the commercial production of the cladocera is feasible or not and whether the cladocera can be popularized and applied or not. In production, people are very concerned about the cumulative germination rate of dormant eggs, because most of the dormant eggs enter a parthenogenesis stage in a short-time oviposition treatment, the population density is rapidly increased, and the requirement of seedling culture is ensured (Junggy, Yangchun. ecological factor influences the germination rate of daphnia magna dormant eggs (Nature science edition) 2004 (3)).
The daphnia thoracissima is the easiest cultured fresh water cladocera, the dormant egg is well preserved at a low temperature by drying, and the hatching rate can reach 60% after 1 year; however, the germination rate of winter eggs stored with water at low temperature is only 10% after 1 year (Chenghongliang, Liuhan, Cladosporium species are suitable for exploring the utilization of various resting eggs, aquatic product science 1999.18(5))
The cladocera currently applied for patent in the aspect of controlling 'water bloom' is daphnia magna, daphnia acutifolia, daphnia areola and daphnia subnata. The season of the water bloom is strong, if only parthenogenesis seed preservation is adopted in non-water bloom seasons, a large amount of manpower, material resources and time are inevitably spent, and when the culture conditions are suddenly changed (such as sudden temperature change, bait shortage and water quality deterioration), the culture is always failed, so that the seed selection is caused. The method adopts 'winter egg' seed preservation, and the quality, the preservation method, the preservation time, the germination mechanism and the timely germination selection of the winter egg are all keys for determining whether the commercial production of the cladocera is feasible and whether the cladocera can be popularized and applied (Mengdong, Dengdao, the research progress of the formation and germination of resting eggs of the cladocera, J. animalis 2008.43 (3); 154-160). This is a technical difficulty- "bottleneck".
Biological regulation is typically used in small, shallow, relatively closed lake systems, where biological distribution in shallow lakes is less spatially diverse, and thus biological regulation has a better control effect on some phytoplankton in a given time. Corresponding to the traditional nutrient salt control technology, biological regulation is to manage biological phase composition, control algae by managing higher-level consumer organisms in lakes, and achieve the aim of water quality management. Generally, fish is captured and poisoned to increase zooplankton and directly graze lake zooplankton to increase the stock of zooplankton. Two approaches to increasing zooplankton populations to control algae outbreaks (wangsu xiang, chenxiao ying, Pu peimin, lake algae type eutrophication control-technology, theory and application-lake science 2002.14 (3)).
The daphnia magna is called as 'clean water insect' for the sake of common, and the company is numbered 'clean water insect No. 1'.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a simple method for inducing, storing, germinating and cleaning the freshwater insect winter eggs, which can rapidly induce the generation of the winter eggs, store the winter eggs for a long time at low cost, rapidly germinate the winter eggs intensively within 2 to 3 days, and establish a shelter for the freshwater insect by using a net cage under the condition of not disturbing the original water ecology so as to achieve the function of cleaning water; the commercialized production, popularization and application of the bare-belly daphnia magna (clear water worm) can be realized; thereby serving the water ecological restoration industry and the aquatic economic animal breeding industry of China; and can also provide biological samples for biological experiments of scientific research units and colleges.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a simple method for induction preservation and germination of Fangchi eggs comprises the following steps:
step one, inducing the mass production of winter eggs
And (3) feeding the adult clear water worms in a food shortage manner: gradually decreasing the bait supply amount from 100 percent of the feeding amount at ordinary times to 25 percent within 3 days to induce out winter eggs;
step two, sealing and preserving the winter eggs with water
And (3) sealing and preserving the winter eggs with water at 4 ℃: washing the winter eggs with original culture water to remove larger impurities and clean water worm residues in the winter eggs, sucking the winter eggs and fine sediments into a plastic or glass test tube or bottle with a plug by using a suction tube, adding the original culture water to 75-100% of the volume, sealing the cover, and storing in a refrigerator at 4 ℃;
and step three, promoting rapid germination of winter eggs, and rapidly germinating the winter eggs in the step 23-28 ℃ by using tap water: when the winter eggs need to be hatched, taking the winter eggs out of the refrigerator, and elutriating the winter eggs for a plurality of times by using tap water (the tap water is non-aerated tap water) so as to remove excessive impurities; directly adding tap water into a culture container as hatching fluid, keeping the temperature between 23 and 28 ℃, performing static culture in a lighted room, blowing and beating for at least 2 times by using a suction pipe during the static culture, so that winter eggs are uniformly dispersed at the bottom of the culture container, and performing static incubation for 2 to 3 days.
In the first step, when the density of adult clear water worms reaches 1500 per liter to 3000 per liter (due to the difficulty in counting the daphnia bodies, the biomass of the clear water worms can be estimated by a method of weight (wet weight), the clear water worms are counted by 0.02mg per wet weight (Huangxiangfei. fresh water zooplankton timing counting method. reservoir fishery. 1982.4(3)), the feeding amount on the first day is 75% of the ordinary feeding amount, the feeding amount is divided into two times, the feeding amount is 4/10, and the feeding amount is 6/10 from 6:00 to 9: 00; feeding in twice, wherein the feeding amount in the next day is 50% of the feeding amount in normal times, the feeding amount is 4/10 at 6: 00-9: 00 and the feeding amount is 6/10 at 15: 00-18: 00; and feeding 25% of the feeding amount in normal times in two times on the third day, wherein the feeding amount is 4/10 at 6: 00-9: 00 and the feeding amount is 6/10 at 15: 00-18: 00.
In the third step, the culture container is placed on a laboratory bench close to the sunward windowsill so as to enable light to diffuse into the culture container, the illumination intensity is 2000-.
And inducing the incubated young daphnia to gather by light, moving the gathered young daphnia to a container containing chlorella culture solution by using a suction pipe or a siphon pipe for amplification culture, and then gradually amplifying the container along with the increase of the number of the clear water worms to adapt to further amplification culture.
A method for cleaning water by using the water worms germinated by the method comprises the following steps:
placing a rectangular net cage into eutrophic unicellular green algae water, wherein the open upper port of the net cage is higher than the water surface, and the peripheral surface and the bottom surface of the net cage are made of 80-100 meshes of net sheets;
step two, putting the clean water insects into a net cage, wherein the putting density is as follows: 50000-70000 per cubic water body.
The upper port of the net cage comprises an upper lacing line surrounding the upper port, a plurality of support rods with the length same as the width of the net cage are supported at the upper port, and a plurality of floaters are arranged on the upper lacing line so that the upper port is higher than the water surface; sinkers are arranged around the bottom surface of the net cage so that the bottom surface of the net cage sinks in water, and a support rod at one end of the net cage is connected with a fixed rod or a stone block through a fixed rope.
The upper end opening of the net cage comprises an upper rope surrounding the upper end opening, the upper rope is connected with a plurality of fixing rods through connecting thin ropes, the upper end opening of the net cage is supported into a rectangular shape by the plurality of fixing rods, and sinkers are arranged on the periphery of the bottom surface of the net cage so that the bottom surface of the net cage sinks in water.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: by adopting the technical scheme, the production of the winter eggs can be quickly induced, the winter eggs can be stored for a long time at low cost, the winter eggs can be quickly germinated in a concentrated manner within 2-3 days, and a 'shelter' for the fresh water insects is created by utilizing the net cage under the condition of not disturbing the ecology of the original water body, so that the function of fresh water is achieved; the commercialized production, popularization and application of the bare-belly daphnia thorny (No. 1 clean water worm) can be realized; thereby serving the water ecological restoration industry and the aquatic economic animal breeding industry of China; and can also provide biological samples for biological experiments of scientific research units and colleges.
The further beneficial effects are that: only one end of the floating net cage is fixed, and the floating net cage can adapt to the fluctuation of water level along with the wind waves, and the fixed net cage is completely fixed and has poor self-adaptation (such as the wind waves, the fluctuation of the water level and the like); the floater is preferably wrapped by the net sheet, and with the structure, after the net cage is placed in water, the upper port of the net cage is higher than the water surface, so that the clear water insects can be effectively prevented from escaping.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the effect of the Trichomonas hyacinthinus on ingesting Chlorella in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a first configuration of the invention in connection with a stone mound;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the first configuration of the invention in connection with a rod;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the front end of the first configuration of the net cage of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a second configuration of the net cage of the present invention;
fig. 6 is an enlarged schematic view of the front end portion of the net cage according to the second configuration of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to fig. 1 to 6. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the scope of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The invention relates to a simple method for induction preservation and germination of Fangchi egg, comprising the following steps:
step one, inducing the generation of a large amount of winter eggs, conducting monoclonal culture on the Moina spinosa collected from the riverway in the Hongkong school district of Zhejiang university at the end of 7 months in 2018, when the density of the clear water worm reaches the range of 1500 per liter to 3000 per liter (due to the difficulty in counting the daphnia body, the biomass of the clear water worm can be estimated by a method of weight (wet weight), the clear water worm is counted by 0.02mg per wet weight (Huangxiangfei. fresh water zooplankton timing counting method, reservoir fishery, 1982.4(3)), feeding the clear water worm in shortage, wherein the feeding amount on the first day is 75% of the normal feeding amount, the feeding amount is divided into two times, the feeding amount is 4/10, the feeding amount is 15:00 to 18:00 is 6/10, the feeding amount on the second day is 50% of the normal feeding amount, the feeding amount is divided into two times, the feeding amount is 6:00 to 4/10, the feeding amount is 6/10 at 15: 00-18: 00; feeding 25% of the feeding amount at ordinary times in two times on the third day, wherein the feeding amount is 4/10 at 6: 00-9: 00 and 6/10 at 15: 00-18: 00, so as to induce out winter eggs;
step two, sealing and preserving the winter eggs with water
And (3) sealing and preserving the winter eggs with water at 4 ℃: washing the winter eggs with original culture water in 2018, 8 and 6 days to remove larger impurities and clean water worm residues in the winter eggs, sucking the winter eggs and fine sediments into a plastic or glass test tube or bottle with a plug by using a suction tube, adding 75-100% of the volume of the original culture water, sealing the bottle, attaching a label number 20180806 clean water worm No. 1, and storing the bottle in a refrigerator at 4 ℃;
and step three, promoting rapid germination of winter eggs, and rapidly germinating the winter eggs in the step 23-28 ℃ by using tap water:
at 21 days 15 of 7 months and 21 days of 2021, 20180806 egg saddle samples preserved with water are taken out from a refrigerator at 4 ℃, shaken up, a part of winter egg preservation solution is immediately sucked by a suction pipe, then placed in a 100ml beaker, and directly elutriated by tap water (the tap water is non-aerated tap water) for a plurality of times so as to remove impurities in the preservation solution. Sucking the washed winter eggs in a 100ml beaker by using a suction pipe, performing microscopic examination under a microscope, selecting egg saddles with winter eggs in the egg saddles (2 winter eggs in one egg saddle), counting 30 eggs (60 winter eggs in total), placing the eggs in the other 100ml beaker, and keeping the volume to be 60ml by using tap water. Placing on a windowsill side experiment table, blowing and beating for 2-3 times by using a suction pipe so as to uniformly disperse the winter eggs at the bottom of the culture plate, and standing and germinating by using natural light at 26-28 ℃. Cumulative germination rate = (total number of young daphnia cumulatively/total number of winter eggs tested) × 100. And 7, 23 and 15 days (incubation time is 48 hours) in 2021, sucking young daphnia by using a suction pipe, counting, and totaling 38 young daphnia are produced, so that the cumulative germination rate in 48 hours is (38/60) × 100 ═ 63.33%.
20180806 preserved egg saddle sample with water is taken out from a refrigerator at 4 ℃ at 3 days and 10 days of 8 months in 2021, a part of winter egg preservation solution is immediately sucked by a suction pipe after shaking up, and then the winter egg preservation solution is placed in a 100ml beaker and directly elutriated by tap water for a plurality of times to remove impurities in the preservation solution. Sucking the washed winter eggs in a 100ml beaker by using a suction pipe, performing microscopic examination, selecting egg saddles with winter eggs in the egg saddles (normally, 2 winter eggs are in one egg saddle; and 1 winter egg or empty egg appears in one egg saddle due to reasons such as nutrition) and scattered winter eggs (winter eggs separated from the egg saddles) and counting the eggs, and placing the eggs in a six-hole culture plate. Adding 4ml of non-aerated tap water into each hole, placing on a windowsill edge experiment table, and standing and germinating at 26-28 ℃ by using natural light; and blowing and beating the seeds for 2-3 times by using a suction pipe so as to uniformly disperse the winter eggs at the bottom of the culture plate, checking the number of the daphnia magna germinated by using a flashlight in a matching way (observed under a black background) at variable time within 24-48h, and calculating the accumulated germination rate.
TABLE 1
GB5749-2006 sanitary Standard for Drinking Water stipulates: the residual amount of free chlorine in the peripheral water is not less than 0.05mg/l
Since the oxidizing property of residual chlorine in tap water is well known, researchers usually use aerated tap water for experiments.
In the last 3 years, the invention team tries to germinate the number 1 winter eggs of the clear water worms by using river water, filtered river water, aerated tap water and non-aerated tap water as the germination liquid, but the germination speed is fastest when the non-aerated tap water is used as the germination liquid. The team of the invention considers that the principle that the germination speed of the non-aerated tap water germination liquid is fast is as follows:
by using trace residual chlorine in tap water, harmful substances (such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide) generated during the preservation of the winter eggs preserved for a long time with water at 4 ℃ can be oxidized, microorganisms on the surface of egg saddles can be disinfected, the permeability of the egg saddles is improved, and dormancy hormones (peptide substances) in the winter eggs are oxidized, so that dormancy is broken and germination is started.
The germination of the number 1 dormant eggs of the water worms is generally concentrated in 24-72h, and the germination is carried out under the condition of diffused natural illumination (2000-6000 Lx), and the characteristic that the residual chlorine is easily decomposed by light is utilized, so the residual chlorine in the tap water is further reduced, and nearly 20 germination tests in nearly 3 years prove that the germination is feasible by utilizing the non-aerated tap water germination liquid. Tap water (without aeration and dechlorination) is directly adopted to promote the germination of the resting eggs of the clear water worms, the technical bias in the field is broken, and unexpected technical effects are achieved.
When non-aerated tap water is directly used as the germination liquid of the clear water insect No. 1, the winter eggs (No. 20180806 clear water insect No. 1) which are stored with water at 4 ℃ for nearly 3 years (2 days after 3 years) germinate on an experiment table close to a windowsill at the temperature of 26-28 ℃, and the cumulative germination rate is 10.53% in 24 hours; the highest germination rate of the accumulated germination rate at 48 hours is 68.42%. In 2021, 8 months and 10 days to 8 months and 13 days, under the support and arrangement of academy of sciences of Cao, Proc of aquatic biology institute of Chinese academy of sciences, the species identification is carried out on the biological samples by a doctor of xianfen and a vice researcher of Yu Gong, and the biological samples are determined to be daphnia magna thorny; here credit expert!
And inducing the incubated young daphnia to gather by light, moving the gathered young daphnia to a container containing chlorella culture solution by using a suction pipe or a siphon pipe for amplification culture, and then gradually amplifying the container along with the increase of the number of the clear water worms to adapt to further amplification culture.
A method for using the germinated water worms to clear water comprises the following steps:
step one, a rectangular net cage 1 is placed in a eutrophic unicellular green algae water body, an open upper port 1-1 of the net cage 1 is higher than the water surface, and the peripheral surface and the bottom surface of the net cage 1 are both made of 80-100 meshes of net sheets 1-5;
the cage 1 may have a number of different configurations: as a first structure, the upper port 1-1 of the net cage 1 comprises an upper rope 1-2 surrounding the upper port 1-1, a plurality of support rods 1-6 with the length equal to the width of the net cage are supported at the upper port 1-1, and a plurality of floaters 1-3 are arranged on the upper rope 1-2, so that the upper port 1-1 is higher than the water surface; sinkers 1-4 are arranged around the bottom surface of the net cage 1 so as to enable the bottom surface of the net cage 1 to sink in water, and support rods 1-6 at one end of the net cage 1 are connected with a fixed rod 3 or a stone block 4 through a fixed rope 2; as a second structure, the upper port 1-1 of the net cage 1 comprises an upper rope 1-2 surrounding the upper port 1-1, the upper rope 1-2 is connected to a plurality of fixing rods 3 through connecting thin ropes 5, the fixing rods 3 support the upper port 1-1 of the net cage 1 into a rectangle, and sinkers 1-4 are arranged around the bottom surface of the net cage 1 so as to sink the bottom surface of the net cage 1 in water; preferably, the floats 1-3 are wrapped with a mesh so that the upper end 1-1 of the cage 1 is above the water surface when placed in water.
The size of the small net cage is 1: length, width, height (1000-; the size of the large net cage is as follows: the height and the width are still kept at 1000mm, and the length can be properly prolonged according to the requirement;
step two, putting the clear water insects into the net cage 1, wherein the putting density is as follows: 50000-70000 per cubic water body.
In order to guide the feeding of the appropriate density of the clean water worms into the net cage, a tracking experiment of the feeding of chlorella with different feeding amounts (densities) is carried out in a laboratory. The specific experiment is as follows:
the method comprises the following steps of carrying out a filter feeding 'clear water' test on chlorella (chlorella species is a gift of a key laboratory chenxiaoqu teacher of laboratory experimental animals in Guangdong province, monitored by Guangdong province laboratory animals, and the key laboratory chenxiaoqu teacher is thanked here!) by using clear water insect No. 1 with the age of 4-5 days in 2021: taking 3 small beakers of 100ml as containers, and fixing the volume of the cultured chlorella solution to 100 ml; 0ind (of each) (CK control group) is introduced into the post-treatment; 7ind (n); 10ind (per) of clear water worm, and the test time is 70 h. During the period, OD680 of the supernatant liquid of the beaker is measured at irregular time, and the ingestion effect of the freshwater worms on the chlorella can be judged by utilizing the positive correlation between the value measured by OD680 and the density of the chlorella (Huangmeiling; celebration; Huangjiangrong; dazufu; a technical research on rapid measurement of chlorella biomass; P1-3, 14 in 2010 of Hebei fishery in the period of P1-3, 14), and data statistics and imaging are carried out by EXCEL2007 software (see Table 2 and figure 1).
According to the experimental results, the method comprises the following steps: the clear water insect No. 1 has good clear water effect when the density is 70-100 ind/L in chlorella (unicellular green algae).
TABLE 2
In 2021, 16 th 8 th-23 th 8 th month, a net cage with a length, width and height of 2000mm 1000mm was set in a broken-end river (river water does not flow) rich in unicellular green algae, and the transparency (black and white disc determination method) in the net cage before the test was 250 mm. 2.0 g of daphnia (the throwing density is about 50000 per cubic water body; 0.02mg per daphnia) of the clean water worm No. 1 is thrown, and when the test is finished, the transparency in the net cage is clear and the bottom reaches 1000 mm; the feasibility of using the net cage as a shelter for the freshwater insects to clear water is proved.
In the underwater cage test, the biological fouling phenomenon of the net sheet occurs, and in order to ensure the permeability of the net sheet, the outer side of the net sheet can be irregularly brushed by a hairbrush or a cage (a pouring box) can be replaced. When the density of daphnia bodies in the water body reaches 1500 per liter, about 20 percent of the daphnia bodies can be collected every day and transferred to a new cage or living bodies or 'dried worms' (the collected water worms are dried or baked in the sun the day after being cleaned-which is beneficial to long-term storage) are sold to a flower and bird market/aquatic seedling raising/breeding farm and used as live baits for aquatic economic animals.
Claims (7)
1. A simple method for induction preservation and germination of Fangchi eggs comprises the following steps:
step one, inducing the mass production of winter eggs
And (3) feeding the adult clear water worms in a food shortage manner: gradually decreasing the bait supply amount from 100 percent of the feeding amount at ordinary times to 25 percent within 3 days to induce out winter eggs;
step two, sealing and preserving the winter eggs with water
And (3) sealing and preserving the winter eggs with water at 4 ℃: washing the winter eggs with original culture water to remove larger impurities and clean water worm residues in the winter eggs, sucking the winter eggs and fine sediments into a plastic or glass test tube or bottle with a plug by using a suction tube, adding the original culture water to 75-100% of the volume, sealing the cover, and storing in a refrigerator at 4 ℃;
step three, promoting winter eggs to germinate rapidly
Rapidly germinating winter eggs at 23-28 ℃ in tap water: when the winter eggs need to be incubated, taking the winter eggs out of the refrigerator, and elutriating the winter eggs for a plurality of times by using tap water to remove excessive impurities; directly adding tap water into a culture container as hatching fluid, keeping the temperature between 23 and 28 ℃, performing static culture in a lighted room, blowing and beating for at least 2 times by using a suction pipe during the static culture, so that winter eggs are uniformly dispersed at the bottom of the culture container, and performing static incubation for 2 to 3 days.
2. The simple method for induction preservation and germination of Farina japonica winter eggs according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the first step, when the density of the adult clear water worms reaches 1500/liter to 3000/liter, feeding is 75 percent of the feeding amount in normal times in the first day, feeding is carried out twice, the feeding amount is 4/10 in the range of 6:00 to 9:00, and the feeding amount is 6/10 in the range of 15:00 to 18: 00; feeding in twice, wherein the feeding amount in the next day is 50% of the feeding amount in normal times, the feeding amount is 4/10 at 6: 00-9: 00 and the feeding amount is 6/10 at 15: 00-18: 00; and feeding 25% of the feeding amount in normal times in two times on the third day, wherein the feeding amount is 4/10 at 6: 00-9: 00 and the feeding amount is 6/10 at 15: 00-18: 00.
3. The simple method for induction preservation and germination of Farina japonica winter eggs according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the third step, the culture container is arranged on a laboratory bench close to the sunward windowsill so that natural light can be diffused into the culture container, the illumination intensity is 2000-.
4. The simple method for induction preservation and germination of Farina japonica winter eggs as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and inducing the incubated young daphnia to gather by light, moving the gathered young daphnia to a container containing chlorella culture solution by using a suction pipe or a siphon pipe for amplification culture, and then gradually amplifying the container along with the increase of the number of the clear water worms to adapt to further amplification culture.
5. A method of using the germinated water worm of claim 4 for clearing water, comprising the steps of:
step one, a rectangular net cage (1) is placed in a eutrophic unicellular green algae water body, the open upper port (1-1) of the net cage (1) is higher than the water surface, and the peripheral surface and the bottom surface of the net cage (1) are both made of 80-100 meshes of net sheets (1-5);
step two, putting the clean water insects into the net cage (1) with the throwing density as follows: 50000-70000 per cubic water body.
6. The method of using water bugs for cleaning water as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the upper port (1-1) of the net cage (1) comprises an upper steel rope (1-2) surrounding the upper port (1-1), a plurality of support rods (1-6) with the length same as the width of the net cage are supported at the upper port (1-1), and a plurality of floaters (1-3) are arranged on the upper steel rope (1-2) so that the upper port (1-1) is higher than the water surface; sinkers (1-4) are arranged on the periphery of the bottom surface of the net cage (1) to enable the bottom surface of the net cage (1) to sink in water, and supporting rods (1-6) at one end of the net cage (1) are connected to the fixed rods (3) or the stone mounds (4) through the fixed ropes (2).
7. The method of using water bugs for cleaning water as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the upper port (1-1) of the net cage (1) comprises an upper steel rope (1-2) surrounding the upper port (1-1), the upper steel rope (1-2) is connected to a plurality of fixing rods (3) through connecting thin ropes (5), the upper port (1-1) of the net cage (1) is supported to be rectangular by the plurality of fixing rods (3), and sinkers (1-4) are arranged on the periphery of the bottom surface of the net cage (1) so that the bottom surface of the net cage (1) sinks in water.
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