CN113665111A

CN113665111A - 3D printer

Info

Publication number: CN113665111A
Application number: CN202110926832.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张淑莲; 靖昆鹏; 孙中海
Original assignee: Mingda Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Mingda Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-08-12
Filing date: 2021-08-12
Publication date: 2021-11-19
Anticipated expiration: 2041-08-12
Also published as: CN113665111B

Abstract

The application relates to a 3D printer, which comprises a movable frame, a working platform, a plurality of sliding seats, a nozzle, an X-direction driving piece, a Y-direction driving piece and a Z-direction driving piece, wherein the movable frame is arranged on a rack; the movable frame is connected with the frame in a sliding manner, is in a regular polygon shape matched with the bottom surface of the workpiece, and is positioned above the working platform; the sliding seats are connected with the movable frame in a sliding manner, the sliding seats are respectively arranged corresponding to the edges of the movable frame, and the sliding direction of the sliding seats is parallel to one edge close to the sliding seats; the nozzle is connected with the sliding seat, and the moving direction of the nozzle can be vertical to the sliding direction of the sliding seat; the X-direction driving piece is arranged on the movable frame to enable the sliding seat to move; the Y-direction driving piece is connected with the nozzle so as to enable the nozzle to move along the direction vertical to the moving direction of the sliding seat; the Z-direction driving piece is used for enabling the movable frame to be close to or far away from the working platform. This application has the effect that makes the work piece of shapes such as regular quadrangular prism, regular hexagonal prism can more efficiently be made to the 3D printer.

Description

3D printer

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of printing equipment, especially, relate to a 3D printer.

Background

The 3D printer is also called a three-dimensional printer, and is a machine of an accumulative manufacturing technology, i.e. a rapid prototyping technology, wherein the working principle of the 3D printer is basically the same as that of a common printer, printed materials are overlaid layer by layer through computer control, and finally a blueprint on a computer is changed into a real object, so the technology is often used for manufacturing models or directly manufacturing some products in the fields of mold manufacturing, industrial design and the like.

In the related technology, the 3D printer comprises an XYZ three-axis lead screw sliding table, a nozzle and a working platform, which are arranged on a rack, wherein the nozzle is fixed on the XYZ three-axis lead screw sliding table, and the nozzle realizes movement in XYZ three directions through the XYZ three-axis lead screw sliding table; the working platform is fixed on the frame and located below the nozzle, and the surface of one side of the working platform close to the nozzle is used for stacking printing materials, so that when the machine works, the nozzle can stack the printing materials in a molten state on the working platform layer by layer, and the purpose of manufacturing required products is achieved.

In view of the above related art, there is a defect that the production efficiency of the 3D printer is low when the manufactured product is in the shape of a regular quadrangular prism, a regular hexagonal prism, a regular octagonal prism, and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to make the 3D printer can make the work piece of shape such as regular quadrangular prism, regular hexagonal prism more efficiently, this application provides a 3D printer

The application provides a 3D printer adopts following technical scheme:

A3D printer comprises a movable frame arranged on a rack, a working platform, a plurality of sliding seats, a nozzle, an X-direction driving piece, a Y-direction driving piece and a Z-direction driving piece; the movable frame is connected with the rack in a sliding manner, is in a regular polygon shape matched with the bottom surface of the workpiece, and is positioned above the working platform; the sliding seats are connected with the movable frame in a sliding mode, the sliding seats are arranged corresponding to the edges of the movable frame respectively, and the sliding direction of each sliding seat is parallel to one edge close to the sliding seat; the nozzle is connected with the sliding seat, and the moving direction of the nozzle can be perpendicular to the sliding direction of the sliding seat; the X-direction driving piece is arranged on the movable frame and is used for moving the sliding seat; the Y-direction driving piece is connected with the nozzle so as to enable the nozzle to move along the direction vertical to the moving direction of the sliding seat; the Z-direction driving piece is used for enabling the movable frame to be close to or far away from the working platform.

By adopting the technical scheme, if a workpiece to be manufactured is in a square shape, the movable frame can be in the shape of a square frame, the square is divided into four parts along a diagonal line, and the four parts correspond to the four edges of the movable frame respectively, then during manufacturing, four nozzles can be enabled to gradually stack printing materials outwards along the center of the square, in the process, the X-direction driving piece enables the nozzles to move in a direction parallel to one side surface of the square, the Y-direction driving piece enables the nozzles to move in a direction gradually far away from the center of the square, and the Z-direction driving piece enables the nozzles to move in the height direction of the square, so that the aim of stacking the square is achieved The production efficiency of work pieces such as regular hexagonal prism or regular octagonal prism obtains bigger promotion, and on the other hand, the work piece is divided into the mode that a plurality of parts piled up for the range of motion of every nozzle is reduced, thereby can be littleer because of the accumulative error that drive structure brought, and then the shape that makes the work piece and theoretical shape are more unanimous.

Preferably, the Z-direction driving member includes a plurality of lead screws, a driving motor, a driving pulley, a plurality of driven pulleys and a belt, the lead screws are rotatably connected to the rack, the lead screws are in threaded connection with the movable frame, and the plurality of lead screws are respectively arranged corresponding to a plurality of corners of the movable frame; the driving motor is arranged on the rack, an output shaft of the driving motor is connected with a driving belt wheel, and the driving motor is used for rotating the driving belt wheel; the plurality of driven belt wheels are sleeved on the plurality of screw rods respectively; the belt is sleeved on the driven belt wheel and the driving belt wheel.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, on the one hand, make driving pulley rotate through driving motor, at this in-process, driving pulley passes through the belt and makes a plurality of driven pulleys rotate to can promote a plurality of driven pulley's rotation synchronism, and then make the activity frame difficult and the horizontal plane produce the contained angle when reciprocating, on the other hand, through belt transmission's mode, can adjust the rate of tension of belt through plus prefastening piece, thereby make Z obtain promoting to the life of driving piece.

Preferably, the Z-direction driving member further comprises a driving gear, a plurality of first connecting rods and a plurality of driven gears, the driving gear is fixedly sleeved on an output shaft of the driving motor, and distances between the driving motor and the plurality of lead screws are equal; the first connecting rods are connected with the rack, the plurality of first connecting rods are arranged corresponding to the plurality of lead screws, and the plurality of first connecting rods are uniformly distributed around the rotating center of the driving gear; the driving belt wheels are arranged in a plurality and are respectively sleeved on the first connecting rods, and the driving belt wheels and the driven belt wheels are correspondingly arranged; the driven gears are respectively sleeved on the first connecting rods and meshed with the driving gear, and the driven gears and the driving belt wheel synchronously rotate.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, because of the distance between driving motor and a plurality of lead screws equals, and a plurality of head rods are circumference evenly distributed's mode around the rotation center of driving gear, make the distance between a plurality of driving pulleys and a plurality of driven pulleys equal to make the elasticity degree of establishing respectively a plurality of belts between a plurality of driving pulleys and a plurality of driven pulleys can be more unanimous, and then make the movable frame be difficult for more producing the contained angle with the horizontal plane when removing.

Preferably, the rack comprises a mounting plate for connecting the driving motor and the first connecting rod, the mounting plate is provided with a plurality of adjusting holes uniformly distributed around the driving gear, and the adjusting holes are in threaded connection with the first connecting rod; the Z-direction driving piece also comprises a connecting shaft sleeve; the connecting shaft sleeve is sleeved on the first connecting rod through a bearing, and the driving belt wheel and the driven gear are fixedly sleeved on the connecting shaft sleeve.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when using for a long time and make the tensioning degree of belt reduce, can connect the head rod in the regulation hole of other positions, make the head rod, lead screw and drive pulley three's center is not on same straight line, so the distance between drive pulley and the driven pulleys becomes far away, thereby reach the purpose of tightening the belt, compare in the mode of plus structure of tightening, this kind of design, when adjusting the tightness of belt, the position of accessible regulation hole, make a plurality of head rods keep unanimous at the ascending distance of circumferencial direction more easily, thereby when adjusting the belt tightness, the tensioning degree between a plurality of belts is difficult for taking place great change, and then can keep the horizontal stability of movable frame when vertical direction motion.

Preferably, the Y-direction driving member includes an X-direction sliding hole, a Y-direction displacement hole, a connecting housing and a guide rod, the X-direction sliding hole is disposed on the movable frame, the length direction of the X-direction sliding hole is parallel to the sliding direction of the sliding base, and the X-direction sliding holes are parallel to each other and are disposed at intervals; the Y-direction displacement hole is formed in the movable frame, two ends of the Y-direction displacement hole are respectively communicated with two adjacent X-direction sliding holes, and the inner wall of one side of the Y-direction displacement hole is connected with the inner wall of one side, far away from the next X-direction sliding hole, of the previous X-direction sliding hole to form a displacement guide surface; the connecting shell is connected to the sliding seat in a sliding mode, the sliding direction of the connecting shell is perpendicular to the moving direction of the sliding seat, and the connecting shell is connected with the nozzle; the guide rod is connected to the connecting shell, penetrates through the X-direction sliding hole and can enter the other adjacent X-direction sliding hole through the displacement guide surface of the Y-direction displacement hole; the connecting shell is further connected with a resetting piece, and the resetting piece can enable the guide rod to reset to the X-direction sliding hole closest to the center of the movable frame.

By adopting the technical scheme, if the workpiece is a cube, when the printing materials are stacked by the nozzle, the sliding seat can move along the direction parallel to the edge of the movable frame through the X-direction driving piece, in the process, the nozzle can be stacked along the direction parallel to the side surface of the cube, after one layer of the printing materials are stacked, the sliding seat can move towards the direction close to the Y-direction shifting hole through the X-direction driving piece again, when the guide rod is positioned in the Y-direction shifting hole, the guide rod can move towards the direction vertical to the moving direction of the sliding seat and the direction far away from the center of the movable frame through the shifting guide surface, when the guide rod is completely positioned in another adjacent X-direction sliding hole, the nozzle can be continuously stacked at the originally stacked part through the X-direction driving piece at the moment, so that the purpose of stacking in the X direction and the Y direction can be achieved, and after the workpiece is manufactured, just only need the rethread reset piece make the guide bar reset to initial X to the hole that slides can, compare in the motion of nozzle in Y direction also through the mode that has the driving source and realize, this kind of design for the motion of nozzle in Y direction is realized through the cooperation at X to driving piece and guide structure down, thereby can eliminate the transmission error that is brought by the driving source in Y direction, and then can promote the motion precision of nozzle in Y direction, so help promoting the preparation precision of work piece.

Preferably, a second connecting rod and a rotary driving piece are arranged in the connecting shell, the second connecting rod is rotatably connected to the connecting shell, one end of the nozzle is fixedly connected with the second connecting rod, and the swinging plane of the nozzle is parallel to the horizontal plane; the rotary driving piece is arranged on the connecting shell and used for enabling the second connecting rod to rotate around the axis of the second connecting rod.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, because of the setting of rotation driving piece and second connecting rod, then when the guide bar in X when the removal of hole that slides, the rotation driving piece can make the nozzle keep away from the one end of second connecting rod and be swing motion around the second connecting rod, so the nozzle keeps away from second connecting rod one end and can increase at the ascending home range of Y side, so when the guide bar when X removes in the hole that slides, can make the nozzle pile up thicker printing material through rotating the driving piece, thereby the number of times of piling up in turn in Y direction can reduce during the preparation work piece, help promoting work efficiency.

Preferably, a blocking piece is arranged at the communication position of the Y-direction shifting hole and the next adjacent X-direction sliding hole; the blocking piece comprises a baffle and a first tension spring, one end of the baffle is hinged with the edge of the Y-direction displacement hole, and the hinged position is located on one side, away from the displacement guide surface, of the Y-direction displacement hole; one end of the first tension spring is hinged with the movable frame, the other end of the first tension spring is hinged with the baffle, and the first tension spring is used for enabling the baffle to block the communication position of the Y-direction shifting hole and the X-direction sliding hole.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the nozzle is required to move along the Y direction, the guide rod can move along the extending direction of the Y-direction displacement hole through the X-direction driving piece, in the process, the guide rod is contacted with the guide surface which can displace firstly, at the moment, the whole connecting shell moves towards the direction far away from the center of the movable frame, then the guide rod can be separated from the Y-direction displacement hole, at the moment, the guide rod jacks the baffle, the baffle rotates towards the direction far away from the displacement guide surface around the hinge joint of the baffle and the movable frame, then the guide rod is completely positioned in the next X-direction sliding hole, at the moment, the guide rod continues to move towards the direction far away from the hinge joint of the baffle and the movable frame, the baffle can seal the Y-direction displacement hole under the action of the first tension spring, thereby the whole displacement operation is completed, and due to the design mode, if the arrangement of the sealing piece, after the baffle seals the Y-direction displacement hole, when the guide rod passes through Y again to shifting hole and X to the intercommunication department in hole that slides, the guide rod is difficult for mistake income Y to shifting the hole because of external environment's influence to the guide rod can stably ferry the adjustment period after the operation that shifts, helps promoting 3D printer's stability.

Preferably, the X-direction sliding hole includes a working area and an adjusting area, an inner wall of the working area abuts against the guide rod, a space for installing the baffle is formed between the adjusting area and the guide rod, and a surface of one side of the adjusting area, which is close to the Y-direction shifting hole, is obliquely arranged so that the guide rod abuts against an inner wall of one side of the Y-direction shifting hole, which is far away from the working area, and the surface is located on one side of the baffle, which is far away from the working area; one end of the Y-direction displacement hole is communicated with the previous working area, the other end of the Y-direction displacement hole is communicated with the next adjusting area, and the previous adjusting area and the next adjusting area are respectively positioned at two ends of the X-direction sliding hole in the length direction.

By adopting the technical scheme, on one hand, the X-direction sliding hole comprises the arrangement of the working area and the adjusting area, when the guide rod just breaks away from the Y-direction shifting hole, the guide rod can be abutted to the surface of one side of the adjusting area far away from the Y-direction shifting hole through the inclined surface of the adjusting area, so that when the subsequent guide rod passes through the Y-direction displacement hole again, the guide rod is not easy to collide with the baffle, thereby the guide rod can smoothly move in the X-direction sliding hole, on the other hand, the front adjusting area and the back adjusting area are respectively positioned at the two ends of the length direction of the X-direction sliding hole, not only the working area can be concentrated on the middle position of each edge of the movable frame, but also when the nozzles are stacked in the horizontal direction, the motion path of the guide rod is S-shaped, therefore, the stacking of the front layer and the stacking of the rear layer in the horizontal direction can be more compact, and the working beat is promoted.

Preferably, the reset piece comprises a reset sliding hole and a second tension spring, one end of the reset sliding hole is communicated with the X-direction sliding hole farthest from the center of the movable frame, the other end of the reset sliding hole is communicated with the X-direction sliding hole nearest from the center of the movable frame, and the two communicated positions are positioned on one side, away from the Y-direction shifting hole, of the X-direction sliding hole nearest from the center of the movable frame; one end of the second tension spring is fixedly connected with the sliding seat, and the other end of the second tension spring is fixedly connected with the connecting shell and used for enabling the guide rod to move to the X-direction sliding hole closest to the center of the movable frame along the reset sliding hole.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, then when accomplishing the preparation of work piece, the guide bar alright follow the X that locates to the farthest from activity frame center to the hole that slides gets into the hole that slides that resets, at this moment because of the guide bar before get into the X far away from activity frame center to the hole that slides from the X that is close from activity frame center gradually to the hole that slides, the second extension spring can be elongated, so later when the guide bar gets into the hole that slides that resets, the second extension spring can take place shrink deformation, so that the guide bar resets to initial X in to the hole that slides, thereby the operation that resets of just accomplishing, this kind of design, make the whole movement track of guide bar be a closed loop structure, thereby can realize Y through X to the driving piece and move to the purpose that resets, and then make the structure of whole 3D printer compacter, help reducing manufacturing cost.

Preferably, the movable frames are arranged in parallel and at intervals, and the Z-direction driving member can drive the plurality of movable frames to move simultaneously.

By adopting the technical scheme, the nozzles positioned on different movable frames respectively complete the stacking work at different positions in the height direction, so that the moving amplitude of each movable frame in the Z direction is reduced, and further, the errors of the movable frames on the nozzles during movement can be reduced.

In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

1. through the arrangement of the movable frame, the working platform, the sliding seat, the nozzles, the X-direction driving piece, the Y-direction driving piece and the Z-direction driving piece, on one hand, the production efficiency of manufacturing workpieces such as a regular quadrangular prism, a regular hexagonal prism or a regular octagonal prism is greatly improved due to the mode that a plurality of nozzles are stacked simultaneously, on the other hand, the workpieces are divided into a plurality of parts for stacking, so that the moving range of each nozzle is reduced, the accumulated error caused by the transmission structure is smaller, and the shape of the manufactured workpieces is more consistent with the theoretical shape;

2. through the arrangement that the Y-direction driving piece comprises the X-direction sliding hole, the Y-direction displacement hole, the connecting shell and the guide rod, the movement of the nozzle in the Y direction is realized under the matching of the X-direction driving piece and the guide structure, so that the transmission error caused by the driving source can be eliminated in the Y direction, the movement precision of the nozzle in the Y direction can be further improved, and the manufacturing precision of a workpiece is improved;

3. through the mode that the movable frames are parallel to each other and a plurality of nozzles are arranged at intervals, the nozzles positioned on different movable frames respectively complete the stacking work at different positions in the height direction, so that the moving amplitude of each movable frame in the Z direction is reduced, and the error of the movable frames on the nozzles during movement can be reduced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a 3D printer in an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a specific structure of the Z-directional driving member in the embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a specific structure of the Y-directional driving member in the embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged view at a in fig. 3.

Description of reference numerals: 1. a frame; 11. mounting a plate; 12. an adjustment hole; 2. a movable frame; 21. a slide base; 22. a nozzle; 3. a working platform; 4. an X-direction driving member; 5. a Y-direction driving member; 51. an X-direction sliding hole; 511. a working area; 512. a conditioning region; 52. a Y-direction displacement hole; 521. a deflection guide surface; 53. connecting the shell; 531. a second connecting rod; 532. rotating the driving member; 54. a guide rod; 6. a Z-direction driving member; 61. a lead screw; 62. a drive motor; 63. a driving pulley; 64. a driven pulley; 65. a belt; 66. a driving gear; 67. a first connecting rod; 68. a driven gear; 69. connecting the shaft sleeve; 7. a reset member; 71. resetting the sliding hole; 72. a second tension spring; 8. a blocking member; 81. a baffle plate; 82. a first tension spring; 9. and (5) finely adjusting the guide surface.

Detailed Description

The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-4.

The embodiment of the application discloses a 3D printer. Referring to fig. 1, the 3D printer includes a movable frame 2, a working platform 3, a plurality of nozzles 22, an X-direction driving element 4, a Y-direction driving element 5, and a Z-direction driving element 6, which are disposed on a frame 1, specifically, the movable frame 2 is disposed in parallel and at intervals, the movable frame 2 is in a square frame shape, one nozzle 22 is mounted on each side edge of the movable frame 2, and the working platform 3 is disposed below the movable frame 2, so in this embodiment, the workpiece can be in a regular quadrangular prism shape, a regular hexagonal prism shape, and a regular octagonal prism shape, when manufacturing the workpiece, the workpiece can be uniformly divided into four parts with equal volumes by a central angle between a plurality of dividing lines of 90 ° and the dividing lines pass through vertical edges of the workpiece, so that when the four parts of the workpiece are stacked by the four nozzles 22 at the same time, and the stacking paths of the nozzles 22 are consistent, so that the production efficiency of the 3D printer for manufacturing the workpiece can be improved.

Referring to fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the X-direction driving component 4 can make the nozzle 22 move in the X direction relative to the movable frame 2, where the X direction is parallel to the length direction of each side edge of the movable frame 2, and the Y-direction driving component 5 can make the nozzle 22 move in the Y direction relative to the movable frame 2, where the Y direction is perpendicular to the length direction of each side edge of the movable frame 2, so that each nozzle 22 completes the stacking in the horizontal direction; the Z-drive 6 moves the nozzle 22 vertically by moving the movable frame 2 up and down, so that the nozzle 22 can be stacked to form a three-dimensional solid.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, the rack 1 includes a mounting plate 11 for mounting the Z-directional driving element 6, specifically, the Z-directional driving element 6 includes a driving motor 62, a driving gear 66, a first connecting rod 67, a connecting shaft sleeve 69 and a driven gear 68, the driving motor 62 is fixed on the mounting plate 11, the driving motor 62 is located at the central position of the movable frame 2, and an output shaft of the driving motor 62 is located below the mounting plate 11 for coaxially and fixedly sleeving the driving rack; four first connecting rods 67 are arranged, the four first connecting rods 67 are uniformly distributed around the output shaft of the driving motor 62 along the circumferential direction, one end of each first connecting rod 67 is connected to the mounting plate 11 in a threaded manner, and the first connecting rods 67 are used for coaxially rotating and sleeving the connecting shaft sleeve 69 through a bearing; four driven gears 68 are provided, four driven gears 68 are coaxially fixed to the connecting sleeves 69 of the four first connecting rods 67, respectively, and the four driven gears 68 are engaged with one driving gear 66, so that the driving motor 62 can drive the four gears to rotate through the driving gear 66.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the Z-direction driving member 6 further includes four lead screws 61, four driving pulleys 63, four driven pulleys 64, and four belts 65, specifically, the four lead screws 61 are rotatably connected to the frame 1 through bearings, the four lead screws 61 are in threaded connection with the plurality of movable frames 2, and the positions of the axes of the four lead screws 61 are equal to the distance between the driving motors 62; the four driving pulleys 63 are coaxially and fixedly sleeved on the connecting shaft sleeves 69 of the four first connecting rods 67 respectively, so that the driving pulleys 63 can rotate along with the driven gear 68; the four driven pulleys 64 are respectively coaxially and fixedly sleeved on the screw 61, and the four belts 65 are respectively sleeved between the four groups of driving pulleys 63 and the four driven pulleys 64, so that the purpose of synchronously rotating the four screws 61 is achieved, and the movable frame 2 is not easy to form an included angle with a horizontal plane when the movable frame 2 moves.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, the mounting plate 11 is provided with a plurality of adjusting holes 12 in threaded connection with the first connecting rod 67, and the adjusting holes 12 are provided, and the plurality of adjusting holes 12 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction around the output shaft of the driving motor 62, so that when the belt 65 is just used, the centers of the first connecting rod 67, the driving gear 66 and the screw 61 are on the same straight line, and at this time, the distance between the driving pulley 63 and the driven pulley 64 is the shortest, and after the belt 65 is used for a longer time, the first connecting rod 67 can be connected to other adjusting holes 12, so that the centers of the first connecting rod 67, the driving gear 66 and the screw 61 are not on the same straight line, and the belt 65 can be tensioned, compared with the manner of using an additional tightening structure, in the design manner, when the tightness of the belt 65 is adjusted, the tightness between the plurality of belts 65 is not easily changed greatly, and further, the movable frame 2 can have better horizontal stability during movement.

Referring to fig. 1 and 3, in the present embodiment, the nozzle 22 is mounted on the sliding base 21, the sliding base 21 is slidably connected to the movable frame 2 through a guide rail, and the sliding direction of the sliding base 21 is parallel to the length direction of the edge of the movable frame 2, and the power source of the sliding base 21 is the X-direction driving element 4, wherein the X-direction driving element 4 may be a structure combining a motor and a belt 65, or a structure combining a motor and a lead screw 61, so as to achieve the purpose of reciprocating the sliding base 21 along the sliding direction thereof, and further the nozzle 22 can complete the stacking of the workpieces in the circumferential direction through the sliding of the sliding base 21.

Referring to fig. 1 and 3, in the present embodiment, the Y-directional driving member 5 includes a connecting housing 53, an X-directional sliding hole 51, a Y-directional shifting hole 52 and a guiding rod 54, specifically, the connecting housing 53 is slidably connected to the sliding base 21 via a guiding rail, and the sliding direction of the connecting housing 53 is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the sliding base 21, and the connecting housing 53 is used for mounting the nozzle 22, so as to form a structural foundation for moving the nozzle 22 along the Y-direction; the X-direction sliding holes 51 are formed in one side, away from the inner ring of the movable frame 2, of the sliding seat 21, the X-direction sliding holes 51 are parallel to each other and are arranged in a plurality at intervals, and the length direction of the X-direction sliding holes 51 is parallel to the sliding direction of the sliding seat 21; the Y-direction displacement holes 52 are arranged on the movable frame 2, the number of the Y-direction displacement holes 52 is one less than that of the X-direction sliding holes 51, two ends of the Y-direction displacement holes 52 are respectively communicated with the two X-direction sliding holes 51, the extending direction of the Y-direction displacement holes 52 and the length direction of the X-direction sliding holes 51 form an acute angle, and the inner wall of one side of the Y-direction displacement hole 52 is connected with the inner wall of one side of the previous X-direction sliding hole 51 far away from the next X-direction sliding hole 51 to form a displacement guide surface 521; one end of the guide rod 54 is rotatably connected to the connecting housing 53, and the other end is rotatably inserted into the X-direction slide hole 51 and the Y-direction displacement hole 52.

Referring to fig. 1 and 3, after the guide rod 54 moves in the X-direction sliding hole 51 to make the nozzle 22 finish stacking the workpiece on one layer in the circumferential direction, the slide base 21 drives the guide rod 54 to move to the position of the Y-direction displacement hole 52 through the X-direction driving member 4, when the guide rod 54 enters the Y-direction displacement hole 52, the guide rod 54 gradually moves to the next adjacent X-direction sliding hole 51 along the displacement guide surface 521, and when the guide rod 54 completely leaves the Y-direction displacement hole 52, the guide rod 54 completely enters the next adjacent X-direction displacement hole, the nozzle 22 moves away from the center of the workpiece in the radial direction of the workpiece, so that the nozzle 22 can stack the next layer in the circumferential direction of the workpiece.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, in this embodiment, a blocking piece 8 is disposed at a communication position between the Y-direction shift hole 52 and the next adjacent X-direction sliding hole 51, specifically, the blocking piece 8 includes a blocking plate 81 and a first tension spring 82, one end of the blocking plate 81 is hinged to one side edge of the Y-direction shift hole 52, which is far away from the shift guide surface 521, and the other end of the blocking plate 81 rotates around the hinge to block the communication position between the Y-direction shift hole 52 and the X-direction sliding hole 51; one end of the first tension spring 82 is hinged with the movable frame 2, and the other end of the first tension spring is hinged with the hinged position of the baffle plate 81 far away from the movable frame 2, so that when the guide rod 54 is separated from the Y-direction displacement hole 52 and just enters the X-direction sliding hole 51, the guide rod 54 is firstly moved towards the direction far away from the hinged position of the baffle plate 81 and the movable frame 2, so that the baffle plate 81 covers the Y-direction displacement hole 52 under the action of the first tension spring 82, when the guide rod 54 passes through the Y-direction displacement hole 52 again, the guide rod 54 is not easy to enter the Y-direction displacement hole 52 by mistake due to the vibration of the equipment, and the stability of the movement of the nozzle 22 in the Y direction is facilitated.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, in the present embodiment, each of the X-direction sliding holes 51 includes a working area 511 and an adjusting area 512, wherein the working area 511 of the previous X-direction sliding hole 51 is communicated with the Y-direction shifting hole 52, the adjusting area 512 of the next X-direction sliding hole 51 is communicated with the Y-direction shifting hole 52, and the previous adjusting area 512 and the next adjusting area 512 are respectively located at two ends of the length direction of the X-direction sliding hole 51, so that the plurality of working areas 511 are approximately located at the middle position of one side of the movable frame 2, when the guide rod 54 moves along the X-direction sliding hole 51 and the Y-direction shifting hole 52 to gradually move the nozzle 22 away from the center of the movable frame 2, the moving path of the guide rod 54 is S-shaped, thereby making the connection between the previous layer stack and the next layer stack of the nozzle 22 smoother, and facilitating the improvement of the working cycle.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, in this embodiment, the inner wall of the working area 511 abuts against the guide rod 54, a space for installing the baffle 81 is provided between the adjusting area 512 and the guide rod 54, specifically, a fine adjustment guide surface 9 is obliquely disposed on a side surface of the adjusting area 512 close to the Y-direction displacement hole 52, an oblique direction of the fine adjustment guide surface 9 is close to the other side surface of the adjusting area 512, and the fine adjustment guide surface 9 is located on a side of the baffle 81 away from the working area 511, so when the guide rod 54 is separated from the Y-direction displacement hole 52 and moves away from a hinge joint of the baffle 81 and the movable frame 2, the guide rod 54 gradually moves toward the other side surface of the adjusting area 512 along the fine adjustment guide surface 9, and when the guide rod 54 abuts against a side surface of the adjusting area 512 away from the Y-direction displacement hole 52, the guide rod 54 can move toward the working area 511 through the X-direction driving element 4, therefore, when the subsequent guide rod 54 passes through the baffle 81, the guide rod 54 is not easy to collide with the baffle 81, and the smoothness of the movement of the guide rod 54 in the X-direction sliding hole 51 is improved.

Referring to fig. 3, in this embodiment, in order to further raise the movable range of one end of the nozzle 22, which ejects the printing material, in the Y direction when the guide rod 54 moves in one of the X-direction sliding holes 51, a second connecting rod 531 is rotatably connected in the connecting housing 53, the first connecting rod 67 is vertically arranged, and one end of the nozzle 22 is fixedly connected to the second connecting rod 531, so that a structural foundation for swinging the nozzle 22 is formed, and the swinging plane of the nozzle 22 is parallel to the horizontal plane; the connecting housing 53 is further provided with a rotary driving member 532, and the rotary driving member 532 can drive the second connecting rod 531 to rotate around its own axis, wherein the rotary driving member 532 can be a structure combining a motor, a worm wheel and a worm, or a structure combining a motor and a gear, so that when the guide rod 54 moves in an X-direction sliding hole 51, the nozzle 22 can swing through the rotary driving member 532, and therefore, when a workpiece is manufactured, the number of times that the workpiece is stacked in the Y-direction in a dividing manner can be further reduced, which is helpful for improving the work efficiency.

Referring to fig. 3, when the guide rod 54 is located in the farthest X-direction sliding hole 51 in the center of the movable frame 2, the workpieces are stacked, and at this time, the guide rod 54 needs to be reset to the initial X-direction sliding hole 51, so the connecting housing 53 is further connected with the resetting piece 7, specifically, the resetting piece 7 includes a resetting sliding hole 71 and a second tension spring 72, wherein one end of the resetting sliding hole 71 is communicated with the farthest X-direction sliding hole 51 in the center of the movable frame 2, and the other end is communicated with the nearest X-direction sliding hole 51 in the center of the movable frame 2, in this embodiment, because the number of the X-direction sliding holes 51 is even, two communicating parts of the resetting sliding hole 71 are both located at one end of the X-direction sliding hole 51 far from the communicating with the Y-direction shifting hole 52; one end of the second tension spring 72 is fixedly connected with the sliding base 21, the other end is fixedly connected with the connecting housing 53, and when the guide rod 54 is in the farthest X-direction sliding hole 51, the second tension spring 72 is in a stretched state, so when the guide rod 54 enters the reset sliding hole 71, the second tension spring 72 will apply its own elastic force on the connecting housing 53, so that the guide rod 54 moves to the initial X-direction sliding hole 51 along the reset sliding hole 71, thereby achieving the purpose of resetting.

The implementation principle of the 3D printer in the embodiment of the application is as follows: when the workpiece is made into a regular quadrangular prism or a regular hexagonal prism, the workpiece can be uniformly divided into four parts, each part is stacked by a nozzle 22 to finish the printing material, in operation, the movable frame 2 can move up and down by the Z-direction driving piece 6, the nozzle 22 can move in the vertical direction, so as to achieve the purpose of stacking at different heights in the vertical direction, the nozzle 22 can move along the length direction of the edge at one side of the movable frame 2 by the X-direction driving piece 4, the printing material can be stacked in the circumferential direction of the workpiece by the nozzle 22, after the first layer stacking of the workpiece in the radial direction is finished, the guide rod 54 can enter the Y-direction displacement hole 52 by the X-direction driving piece 4, then the guide rod 54 enters the next X-direction sliding hole 51, and then the nozzle 22 can stack the second layer of the workpiece in the radial direction, and finishing the manufacture of the whole workpiece after the stacking of all layers of the workpiece in the radial direction is finished.

Compared with a mode that one nozzle 22 moves on an XYZ three-axis screw sliding table, the design mode enables the 3D printer to more efficiently complete workpieces in the shapes of a regular quadrangular prism, a regular hexagonal prism, an regular octagonal prism and the like, and in addition, because the workpieces are divided into a plurality of parts to be stacked, the moving range of each nozzle 22 is reduced, accumulated errors generated in the moving process of the nozzle 22 due to a transmission structure are smaller, and the shape of the workpiece is more consistent with the theoretical shape.

The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a 3D printer which characterized in that: the device comprises a movable frame (2) arranged on a rack (1), a working platform (3), a plurality of sliding seats (21), a nozzle (22), an X-direction driving piece (4), a Y-direction driving piece (5) and a Z-direction driving piece (6); the movable frame (2) is connected with the rack (1) in a sliding manner, the movable frame (2) is a regular polygon matched with the bottom surface of a workpiece, and the movable frame (2) is positioned above the working platform (3); the sliding seats (21) are connected with the movable frame (2) in a sliding mode, the sliding seats (21) are arranged corresponding to the edges of the movable frame (2) respectively, and the sliding direction of the sliding seats (21) is parallel to the edge close to the sliding seats; the nozzle (22) is connected with the sliding seat (21), and the moving direction of the nozzle (22) can be perpendicular to the sliding direction of the sliding seat (21); the X-direction driving piece (4) is arranged on the movable frame (2) and is used for moving the sliding seat (21); the Y-direction driving piece (5) is connected with the nozzle (22) so that the nozzle (22) moves along the direction vertical to the moving direction of the sliding seat (21); the Z-direction driving piece (6) is used for enabling the movable frame (2) to be close to or far away from the working platform (3).

2. The 3D printer of claim 1, wherein: the Z-direction driving piece (6) comprises a plurality of lead screws (61), a driving motor (62), a driving belt wheel (63), a plurality of driven belt wheels (64) and a belt (65), the lead screws (61) are rotatably connected to the rack (1), the lead screws (61) are in threaded connection with the movable frame (2), and the lead screws (61) are respectively arranged corresponding to a plurality of corners of the movable frame (2); the driving motor (62) is arranged on the frame (1), an output shaft of the driving motor (62) is connected with a driving pulley (63), and the driving motor (62) is used for rotating the driving pulley (63); the driven belt wheels (64) are sleeved on the lead screws (61) respectively; the belt (65) is sleeved on the driven belt wheel (64) and the driving belt wheel (63).

3. The 3D printer of claim 2, wherein: the Z-direction driving piece (6) comprises a driving gear (66), a plurality of first connecting rods (67) and a plurality of driven gears (68), the driving gear (66) is fixedly sleeved on an output shaft of the driving motor (62), and distances between the driving motor (62) and the plurality of lead screws (61) are equal; the first connecting rods (67) are connected with the rack (1), the plurality of first connecting rods (67) are arranged corresponding to the plurality of lead screws (61), and the plurality of first connecting rods (67) are uniformly distributed around the rotating center of the driving gear (66); the number of the driving pulleys (63) is multiple, the driving pulleys (63) are sleeved on the first connecting rods (67) respectively, and the driving pulleys (63) and the driven pulleys (64) are arranged correspondingly; the driven gears (68) are respectively sleeved on the first connecting rods (67), the driven gears (68) are meshed with the driving gear (66), and the driven gears (68) and the driving belt wheel (63) synchronously rotate.

4. The 3D printer of claim 3, wherein: the rack (1) comprises a mounting plate (11) for connecting a driving motor (62) and a first connecting rod (67), a plurality of adjusting holes (12) which are uniformly distributed around a driving gear (66) are formed in the mounting plate (11), and the adjusting holes (12) are in threaded connection with the first connecting rod (67); the Z-direction driving piece (6) further comprises a connecting shaft sleeve (69); the connecting shaft sleeve (69) is sleeved on the first connecting rod (67) through a bearing, and the driving belt wheel (63) and the driven gear (68) are fixedly sleeved on the connecting shaft sleeve (69).

5. The 3D printer of claim 1, wherein: the Y-direction driving piece (5) comprises an X-direction sliding hole (51), a Y-direction shifting hole (52), a connecting shell (53) and a guide rod (54), the X-direction sliding hole (51) is formed in the movable frame (2), the length direction of the X-direction sliding hole (51) is parallel to the sliding direction of the sliding seat (21), and the X-direction sliding holes (51) are parallel to each other and are arranged in a plurality at intervals; the Y-direction displacement holes (52) are arranged on the movable frame (2), two ends of each Y-direction displacement hole (52) are respectively communicated with two adjacent X-direction sliding holes (51), and the inner wall of one side of each Y-direction displacement hole (52) is connected with the inner wall of one side, far away from the next X-direction sliding hole (51), of the previous X-direction sliding hole (51) to form a displacement guide surface (521); the connecting shell (53) is connected to the sliding seat (21) in a sliding mode, the sliding direction of the connecting shell is perpendicular to the moving direction of the sliding seat (21), and the connecting shell (53) is used for connecting the nozzle (22); the guide rod (54) is connected to the connecting shell (53), the guide rod (54) is arranged in the X-direction sliding hole (51) in a penetrating mode, and the guide rod (54) can enter the other adjacent X-direction sliding hole (51) through the displacement guide surface (521) of the Y-direction displacement hole (52); the connecting shell (53) is also connected with a resetting piece (7), and the resetting piece (7) can enable the guide rod (54) to reset into an X-direction sliding hole (51) closest to the center of the movable frame (2).

6. The 3D printer of claim 5, wherein: a second connecting rod (531) and a rotary driving piece (532) are arranged in the connecting shell (53), the second connecting rod (531) is rotatably connected to the connecting shell (53), one end of the nozzle (22) is fixedly connected with the second connecting rod (531), and the swinging plane of the nozzle (22) is parallel to the horizontal plane; the rotary drive member (532) is provided on the connection housing (53), and the rotary drive member (532) is used to rotate the second connection rod (531) about its axis.

7. The 3D printer of claim 5, wherein: a blocking piece (8) is arranged at the communication position of the Y-direction displacement hole (52) and the next adjacent X-direction sliding hole (51); the blocking piece (8) comprises a baffle (81) and a first tension spring (82), one end of the baffle (81) is hinged with the edge of the Y-direction shifting hole (52), and the hinged position is located on one side, away from the shifting guide surface (521), of the Y-direction shifting hole (52); one end of the first tension spring (82) is hinged with the movable frame (2), the other end of the first tension spring is hinged with the baffle (81), and the first tension spring is used for enabling the baffle (81) to block the communication position of the Y-direction displacement hole (52) and the X-direction sliding hole (51).

8. The 3D printer of claim 7, wherein: the X-direction sliding hole (51) comprises a working area (511) and an adjusting area (512), the inner wall of the working area (511) is abutted to the guide rod (54), a space for installing the baffle (81) is formed between the adjusting area (512) and the guide rod (54), the surface of one side, close to the Y-direction shifting hole (52), of the adjusting area (512) is obliquely arranged so that the guide rod (54) is abutted to the inner wall of one side, far away from the Y-direction shifting hole (52), of the baffle (81), and the surface is located on one side, far away from the working area (511), of the baffle (81); one end of the Y-direction deflection hole (52) is communicated with the previous working area (511), the other end of the Y-direction deflection hole is communicated with the next adjusting area (512), and the previous adjusting area (512) and the next adjusting area (512) are respectively positioned at two ends of the X-direction sliding hole (51) in the length direction.

9. The 3D printer of claim 5, wherein: the reset piece (7) comprises a reset sliding hole (71) and a second tension spring (72), one end of the reset sliding hole (71) is communicated with the X-direction sliding hole (51) which is farthest away from the center of the movable frame (2), the other end of the reset sliding hole is communicated with the X-direction sliding hole (51) which is closest to the center of the movable frame (2), and the two communicated positions are located on one side, away from the Y-direction shifting hole (52), of the X-direction sliding hole (51) which is closest to the center of the movable frame (2); one end of the second tension spring (72) is fixedly connected with the sliding seat (21), the other end of the second tension spring is fixedly connected with the connecting shell (53), and the second tension spring is used for enabling the guide rod (54) to move into the X-direction sliding hole (51) closest to the center of the movable frame (2) along the reset sliding hole (71).

10. The 3D printer of claim 1, wherein: the movable frames (2) are parallel to each other and are arranged in a plurality at intervals, and the Z-direction driving piece (6) can drive the movable frames (2) to move simultaneously.