CN113652306B - Extraction method for improving cannabidiol content in hemp essential oil - Google Patents
Extraction method for improving cannabidiol content in hemp essential oil Download PDFInfo
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- CN113652306B CN113652306B CN202111031431.0A CN202111031431A CN113652306B CN 113652306 B CN113652306 B CN 113652306B CN 202111031431 A CN202111031431 A CN 202111031431A CN 113652306 B CN113652306 B CN 113652306B
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- essential oil
- raw materials
- hemp
- cannabidiol
- extraction
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- 239000000341 volatile oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- QHMBSVQNZZTUGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trans-Cannabidiol Natural products OC1=CC(CCCCC)=CC(O)=C1C1C(C(C)=C)CCC(C)=C1 QHMBSVQNZZTUGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- QHMBSVQNZZTUGM-ZWKOTPCHSA-N cannabidiol Chemical compound OC1=CC(CCCCC)=CC(O)=C1[C@H]1[C@H](C(C)=C)CCC(C)=C1 QHMBSVQNZZTUGM-ZWKOTPCHSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 229950011318 cannabidiol Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- ZTGXAWYVTLUPDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N cannabidiol Natural products OC1=CC(CCCCC)=CC(O)=C1C1C(C(C)=C)CC=C(C)C1 ZTGXAWYVTLUPDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- PCXRACLQFPRCBB-ZWKOTPCHSA-N dihydrocannabidiol Natural products OC1=CC(CCCCC)=CC(O)=C1[C@H]1[C@H](C(C)C)CCC(C)=C1 PCXRACLQFPRCBB-ZWKOTPCHSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 79
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000012489 doughnuts Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001818 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000010989 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003109 Disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019301 disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- BACYUWVYYTXETD-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Lauroylsarcosine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)N(C)CC(O)=O BACYUWVYYTXETD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 108700004121 sarkosyl Proteins 0.000 claims description 4
- ZGTMUACCHSMWAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L EDTA disodium salt (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OC(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC([O-])=O ZGTMUACCHSMWAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002290 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 16
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000010460 hemp oil Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 11
- CYQFCXCEBYINGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N THC Natural products C1=C(C)CCC2C(C)(C)OC3=CC(CCCCC)=CC(O)=C3C21 CYQFCXCEBYINGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- CYQFCXCEBYINGO-IAGOWNOFSA-N delta1-THC Chemical compound C1=C(C)CC[C@H]2C(C)(C)OC3=CC(CCCCC)=CC(O)=C3[C@@H]21 CYQFCXCEBYINGO-IAGOWNOFSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229960004242 dronabinol Drugs 0.000 description 9
- 241000218236 Cannabis Species 0.000 description 8
- 238000006114 decarboxylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000401 methanolic extract Substances 0.000 description 7
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- RGZSQWQPBWRIAQ-CABCVRRESA-N (-)-alpha-Bisabolol Chemical compound CC(C)=CCC[C@](C)(O)[C@H]1CCC(C)=CC1 RGZSQWQPBWRIAQ-CABCVRRESA-N 0.000 description 4
- KXKOBIRSQLNUPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hydroxy-6,6,9-trimethyl-3-pentylbenzo[c]chromene-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound O1C(C)(C)C2=CC=C(C)C=C2C2=C1C=C(CCCCC)C(C(O)=O)=C2O KXKOBIRSQLNUPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RGZSQWQPBWRIAQ-LSDHHAIUSA-N alpha-Bisabolol Natural products CC(C)=CCC[C@@](C)(O)[C@@H]1CCC(C)=CC1 RGZSQWQPBWRIAQ-LSDHHAIUSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 210000003491 skin Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000001256 steam distillation Methods 0.000 description 4
- WTVHAMTYZJGJLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+)-(4S,8R)-8-epi-beta-bisabolol Natural products CC(C)=CCCC(C)C1(O)CCC(C)=CC1 WTVHAMTYZJGJLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- HHGZABIIYIWLGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisabolol Natural products CC1CCC(C(C)(O)CCC=C(C)C)CC1 HHGZABIIYIWLGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229940036350 bisabolol Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- NVEQFIOZRFFVFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-epi-beta-caryophyllene oxide Natural products C=C1CCC2OC2(C)CCC2C(C)(C)CC21 NVEQFIOZRFFVFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WVOLTBSCXRRQFR-SJORKVTESA-N Cannabidiolic acid Natural products OC1=C(C(O)=O)C(CCCCC)=CC(O)=C1[C@@H]1[C@@H](C(C)=C)CCC(C)=C1 WVOLTBSCXRRQFR-SJORKVTESA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- WVOLTBSCXRRQFR-DLBZAZTESA-M cannabidiolate Chemical compound OC1=C(C([O-])=O)C(CCCCC)=CC(O)=C1[C@H]1[C@H](C(C)=C)CCC(C)=C1 WVOLTBSCXRRQFR-DLBZAZTESA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229930003827 cannabinoid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 239000003557 cannabinoid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930191614 cannabinolic acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- NVEQFIOZRFFVFW-RGCMKSIDSA-N caryophyllene oxide Chemical compound C=C1CC[C@H]2O[C@]2(C)CC[C@H]2C(C)(C)C[C@@H]21 NVEQFIOZRFFVFW-RGCMKSIDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 2
- NPNUFJAVOOONJE-ZIAGYGMSSA-N β-(E)-Caryophyllene Chemical compound C1CC(C)=CCCC(=C)[C@H]2CC(C)(C)[C@@H]21 NPNUFJAVOOONJE-ZIAGYGMSSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001500 (2R)-6-methyl-2-[(1R)-4-methyl-1-cyclohex-3-enyl]hept-5-en-2-ol Substances 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Xylitol Natural products OCCC(O)C(O)C(O)CCO TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000172 allergic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- FAMPSKZZVDUYOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Caryophyllene Natural products CC1=CCC(C)(C)C=CCC(C)=CCC1 FAMPSKZZVDUYOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 alpha-humulone Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003110 anti-inflammatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000010668 atopic eczema Diseases 0.000 description 1
- NPNUFJAVOOONJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-cariophyllene Natural products C1CC(C)=CCCC(=C)C2CC(C)(C)C21 NPNUFJAVOOONJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940065144 cannabinoids Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NPNUFJAVOOONJE-UONOGXRCSA-N caryophyllene Natural products C1CC(C)=CCCC(=C)[C@@H]2CC(C)(C)[C@@H]21 NPNUFJAVOOONJE-UONOGXRCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940117948 caryophyllene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- RSYBQKUNBFFNDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N caryophyllene oxide Natural products CC1(C)CC2C(=C)CCC3OC3(C)CCC12C RSYBQKUNBFFNDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000287 crude extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002615 epidermis Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010812 external standard method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930003935 flavonoid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002215 flavonoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000017173 flavonoids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000762 glandular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002519 immonomodulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000749 insecticidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006210 lotion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001630 malic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011090 malic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N meso ribitol Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003808 methanol extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930003658 monoterpene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002773 monoterpene derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000002577 monoterpenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002324 mouth wash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000324 neuroprotective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrilotriacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- LJCNRYVRMXRIQR-OLXYHTOASA-L potassium sodium L-tartrate Chemical compound [Na+].[K+].[O-]C(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O LJCNRYVRMXRIQR-OLXYHTOASA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940074439 potassium sodium tartrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930004725 sesquiterpene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004354 sesquiterpene derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical compound [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 235000019982 sodium hexametaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011006 sodium potassium tartrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037072 sun protection Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000606 toothpaste Substances 0.000 description 1
- YWYZEGXAUVWDED-UHFFFAOYSA-N triammonium citrate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O YWYZEGXAUVWDED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002137 ultrasound extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000811 xylitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N xylitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002675 xylitol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010447 xylitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B9/00—Essential oils; Perfumes
- C11B9/02—Recovery or refining of essential oils from raw materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B9/00—Essential oils; Perfumes
- C11B9/02—Recovery or refining of essential oils from raw materials
- C11B9/022—Refining
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B9/00—Essential oils; Perfumes
- C11B9/02—Recovery or refining of essential oils from raw materials
- C11B9/027—Recovery of volatiles by distillation or stripping
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an extraction method for improving cannabidiol content in hemp essential oil, and belongs to the technical field of essential oil preparation. The invention aims to solve the problem that the content of CBD in the hemp essential oil is low in the existing hemp essential oil extraction method. The method comprises the following steps: 1. pretreatment; 2. crushing; 3. preparing distillate; 4. and (5) separating. The invention is used for improving the extraction of cannabidiol content in the hemp essential oil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of essential oil preparation.
Background
The hemp is also called industrial hemp, is a hemp type with no toxicity and high utilization value, has the content of Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) lower than 0.3 percent, and has various biological active ingredients such as terpenes, phenols, flavonoids and the like. The hemp essential oil is secreted by glandular trichomes distributed on inflorescences and leaf epidermis, and comprises monoterpenes, bitter sesquiterpenes, cannabinoids, etc. The cannabinoid component comprises Cannabidiol (CBD), tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cannabidiol, etc., wherein the most valuable component is CBD, and the high-purity CBD has a price of about 4000-8000 dollars/kg in the international market. CBD, a non-psychoactive compound, counteracts the negative effects of THC and has antioxidant, neuroprotective, immunomodulatory and insecticidal activities.
The hemp essential oil also contains a large amount of bisabolol, which is mainly used in skin protection and skin care cosmetics as an active ingredient to protect and care allergic skin, and the α -bisabolol is suitable for use in sun protection products, sunbath lotions, infant products and post-shave care products. In addition, it can be used in oral hygiene products such as toothpastes and mouthwashes. The bisabolol has good stability and skin compatibility, is very suitable for being used in cosmetics, has anti-inflammatory performance, and also has antibacterial activity.
Therefore, the hemp essential oil combines the actions of CBD and pure terpenes such as bisabolol, caryophyllene, alpha-humulone, caryophyllene oxide and the like, thereby generating a synergistic effect. The prior report that the product rich in CBD and terpenes in China hemp can improve the treatment effect of THC and reduce the adverse effect to the greatest extent. Thus, such products can meet the increasing demand for hemp oil-based extracts.
In recent years, research on extraction of hemp oil has been reported in literature, and hemp oil in the research is mostly prepared by methods such as direct distillation of aqueous solvent, extraction of organic solvent, or supercritical/subcritical extraction. The methods are simple extraction of the hemp oil, and the obtained hemp oil has generally low CBD content, and generally lower than 10% of the total content of the essential oil, so that it is necessary to develop an environment-friendly, efficient and safe hemp oil extraction method with higher CBD content in the essential oil so as to expand the application field of the hemp oil.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the existing extraction method of the hemp oil has low CBD content in the hemp oil, and provides an extraction method for improving the content of cannabidiol in the hemp oil.
An extraction method for improving the content of cannabidiol in hemp essential oil comprises the following steps:
1. pretreatment:
collecting fresh Chinese doughnut leaves as raw materials, putting the raw materials into a freezer, freezing for 0-60 days, taking out the raw materials after freezing, naturally standing and heating to room temperature, then putting the raw materials into a condition that the temperature is 120-160 ℃, preserving the heat for 0-8 min, and finally naturally standing to the room temperature to obtain pretreated raw materials;
2. crushing:
(1) mixing the pretreated raw materials with distilled water and then placing the mixture in a cooking machine; the mass ratio of the pretreated raw materials to distilled water is 1 (1-5);
(2) stirring and crushing for 2-3 min under the conditions that the power of the food processor is 1000-1500 watts and the rotating speed is 15000-40000 rpm, and stopping for 0.5-1 min;
(3) repeating the second step (2)2-5 times to obtain a solid-liquid mixture);
3. preparation of distillate:
placing the solid-liquid mixture in a water distillation device, adding an auxiliary extraction solution, stirring and heating to 50-70 ℃, keeping the temperature at 50-70 ℃ for 0.5-2 hours, then heating from 50-70 ℃ to 105-120 ℃ at a heating rate of 2-8 ℃/min, distilling for 2-5 hours at 105-120 ℃ and condensing steam containing essential oil to obtain distillate;
the mass ratio of the solid-liquid mixture to the auxiliary extraction solution is 1 (3-10);
the auxiliary extraction solution consists of, by mass, 1% -8% of surfactant, 1% -6% of natural acid, 0.5% -3% of alcohol, 1% -5% of inorganic salt, 0.02% -1% of complexing agent and the balance of distilled water;
4. separating:
cooling the distillate to normal temperature, adding anhydrous sodium sulfate, refrigerating in a refrigerator, separating and collecting oil layer to obtain hemp essential oil containing cannabidiol.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. compared with other drying methods, the process of the invention adopts fresh hemp flowers to extract, and can preserve the original volatile substances of hemp to the greatest extent by directly extracting the hemp flowers with the original leaves, and the hemp raw materials after freezing treatment are quite stable, and the experiment proves that the hemp raw materials can keep relatively stable essential oil components within 60 days, thereby being convenient for long-time storage;
2. the high temperature treatment of the feedstock is to convert the cannabinolic acid (CBDA) in the feedstock to a neutral or active form of CBD, i.e., a decarboxylation process. Although the water distillation process for extracting the essential oil is also under the high temperature condition, the decarboxylation process is difficult to complete due to the boiling temperature of water, if the process is carried out at the high temperature for too long, the extraction rate of the essential oil is greatly reduced, the THC content in the essential oil is increased in a multiplied way, the optimal time for decarboxylation treatment is obtained, and the CBD content in the essential oil is obviously increased under the condition of ensuring the extraction rate of the essential oil;
3. the invention adopts a solid-liquid mixing mode to crush, thereby reducing the loss of the effective components of the essential oil in the raw material crushing process;
4. the auxiliary extracting solution added with the surfactant, the natural acid, the alcohols, the inorganic salt, the complexing agent and the distilled water can improve the precipitation of water-soluble components of the raw materials, change the leaf structure, be more beneficial to the release of active substances in cells, be more beneficial to the dissolution of CBD in the extraction process under the slightly acidic condition, and reduce the influence of the complexing effect of metal ions in the raw materials on the extraction process;
5. CBD is an important core for extraction and separation as a high added value component in the effective component of hemp. The raw material residues after extracting the hemp essential oil can still be subjected to separation and purification of CBD, and the extraction rate and the crude product purity are higher than those of the raw materials extracted directly, so that the method can not only improve the content of CBD in the hemp essential oil, but also remove impurities in the extraction and separation of the CBD of the hemp, and improve the utilization value of the raw materials;
6. the whole treatment process of the invention has simple requirements on equipment and lower cost, and the extracted hemp essential oil after treatment not only contains higher CBD (more than 16%), but also retains more beneficial components of the hemp essential oil, thereby widening the application space of the hemp essential oil.
The invention is used for an extraction method for improving the content of cannabidiol in hemp essential oil.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an SEM photograph of the leaves of China-hemp flowers before and after extracting essential oil; a is the original Chinese doughnut leaf, b is the Chinese doughnut leaf after conventional steam extraction in a comparison experiment, c is the Chinese doughnut leaf after extraction in the second embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a GC-MS diagram of cannabidiol-containing hemp essential oil extracted in example one;
FIG. 3 is a GC-MS diagram of cannabidiol-containing cannabis essential oil extracted in example two;
FIG. 4 is a GC-MS diagram of cannabidiol-containing cannabis essential oil extracted in example three;
FIG. 5 is a GC-MS diagram of cannabidiol-containing cannabis essential oil extracted in example four;
FIG. 6 is a GC-MS diagram of cannabidiol-containing cannabis essential oil extracted in example five;
FIG. 7 is a GC-MS diagram of cannabidiol-containing hemp essential oil extracted in example six;
FIG. 8 is a GC-MS diagram of cannabidiol-containing hemp essential oil extracted in example seven;
FIG. 9 is a GC-MS diagram of hemp essential oil extracted by conventional steam distillation in comparison experiment;
FIG. 10 is an HPLC chart of methanol extract of hemp leaves without essential oil extraction;
FIG. 11 is a HPLC chart of methanol extract of hemp leaf raw material residue after conventional steam extraction of essential oil in comparison experiments;
FIG. 12 is a HPLC chart of methanol extract of hemp leaf raw material residue after extracting hemp essential oil in example I.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments listed below, but also includes any combination of the specific embodiments.
The first embodiment is as follows: the extraction method for improving the cannabidiol content in the hemp essential oil in the embodiment is carried out according to the following steps:
1. pretreatment:
collecting fresh Chinese doughnut leaves as raw materials, putting the raw materials into a freezer, freezing for 0-60 days, taking out the raw materials after freezing, naturally standing and heating to room temperature, then putting the raw materials into a condition that the temperature is 120-160 ℃, preserving the heat for 0-8 min, and finally naturally standing to the room temperature to obtain pretreated raw materials;
2. crushing:
(1) mixing the pretreated raw materials with distilled water and then placing the mixture in a cooking machine; the mass ratio of the pretreated raw materials to distilled water is 1 (1-5);
(2) stirring and crushing for 2-3 min under the conditions that the power of the food processor is 1000-1500 watts and the rotating speed is 15000-40000 rpm, and stopping for 0.5-1 min;
(3) repeating the second step (2)2-5 times to obtain a solid-liquid mixture);
3. preparation of distillate:
placing the solid-liquid mixture in a water distillation device, adding an auxiliary extraction solution, stirring and heating to 50-70 ℃, keeping the temperature at 50-70 ℃ for 0.5-2 hours, then heating from 50-70 ℃ to 105-120 ℃ at a heating rate of 2-8 ℃/min, distilling for 2-5 hours at 105-120 ℃ and condensing steam containing essential oil to obtain distillate;
the mass ratio of the solid-liquid mixture to the auxiliary extraction solution is 1 (3-10);
the auxiliary extraction solution consists of, by mass, 1% -8% of surfactant, 1% -6% of natural acid, 0.5% -3% of alcohol, 1% -5% of inorganic salt, 0.02% -1% of complexing agent and the balance of distilled water;
4. separating:
cooling the distillate to normal temperature, adding anhydrous sodium sulfate, refrigerating in a refrigerator, separating and collecting oil layer to obtain hemp essential oil containing cannabidiol.
The beneficial effects of this embodiment are:
1. compared with other drying methods, the technology of the embodiment adopts fresh hemp flowers to extract, and can preserve the original volatile substances of hemp to the greatest extent by directly extracting the hemp flowers with the original leaves, and the hemp raw materials after freezing treatment are quite stable, and experiment verifies that the hemp raw materials can keep relatively stable essential oil components within 60 days, thereby being convenient for long-time storage;
2. the high temperature treatment of the feedstock is to convert the cannabinolic acid (CBDA) in the feedstock to a neutral or active form of CBD, i.e., a decarboxylation process. Although the water distillation process for extracting the essential oil is also under the high temperature condition, the decarboxylation process is difficult to complete due to the boiling temperature of water, if the process is carried out at the high temperature for too long, the extraction rate of the essential oil is greatly reduced, the THC content in the essential oil is increased in a multiplied way, the optimal time for decarboxylation treatment is obtained, and the CBD content in the essential oil is obviously increased under the condition of ensuring the extraction rate of the essential oil;
3. according to the method, the solid-liquid mixing mode is adopted for crushing, so that the loss of the effective components of the essential oil in the raw material crushing process is reduced;
4. the auxiliary extracting solution added with the surfactant, the natural acid, the alcohols, the inorganic salt, the complexing agent and the distilled water can improve the precipitation of water-soluble components of the raw materials, change the leaf structure, be more beneficial to the release of active substances in cells, be more beneficial to the dissolution of CBD in the extraction process under the slightly acidic condition, and reduce the influence of the complexing effect of metal ions in the raw materials on the extraction process;
5. CBD is an important core for extraction and separation as a high added value component in the effective component of hemp. The raw material residues after the hemp essential oil is extracted can still be subjected to separation and purification of CBD, and the extraction rate and the crude product purity are higher than those of the raw materials extracted directly, so that the method can not only improve the content of CBD in the hemp essential oil, but also remove impurities in the extraction and separation of the CBD of the hemp, and improve the utilization value of the raw materials;
6. the whole treatment process of the embodiment has simple requirements on equipment and lower cost, and the extracted hemp essential oil after treatment not only contains higher CBD (more than 16 percent), but also retains more beneficial components of the hemp essential oil, and widens the application space of the hemp essential oil.
The second embodiment is as follows: the first difference between this embodiment and the specific embodiment is that: the surfactant in the third step is one or a mixture of more than one of anionic surfactant, cationic surfactant and nonionic surfactant. The other is the same as in the first embodiment.
And a third specific embodiment: this embodiment differs from one or both of the embodiments in that: the surfactant in the third step is a mixture of sodium dodecyl sulfate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate and lauroyl sarcosine, or a mixture of sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate. The other is the same as the first or second embodiment.
The specific embodiment IV is as follows: this embodiment differs from one of the first to third embodiments in that: the natural acid in the third step is one or a mixture of more of malic acid, tartaric acid, malonic acid, citric acid and amino acid. The other embodiments are the same as those of the first to third embodiments.
Fifth embodiment: this embodiment differs from one to four embodiments in that: the alcohol in the third step is one or a mixture of more of glycol, sorbitol, glycerol and xylitol. The other embodiments are the same as those of the first to fourth embodiments.
Specific embodiment six: this embodiment differs from one of the first to fifth embodiments in that: the inorganic salt in the third step is one or a mixture of more of sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium sulfate and potassium sulfate. The other embodiments are the same as those of the first to fifth embodiments.
Seventh embodiment: this embodiment differs from one of the first to sixth embodiments in that: the complexing agent in the third step is one or a mixture of more of potassium sodium tartrate, ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, disodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate, ethylenediamine, aminotriacetic acid, ammonium citrate, sodium hexametaphosphate and sodium tripolyphosphate. The other embodiments are the same as those of the first to sixth embodiments.
Eighth embodiment: this embodiment differs from one of the first to seventh embodiments in that: in the first step, freezing is carried out for 0 to 60 days at the temperature of minus 15 ℃ to minus 20 ℃. The other is the same as in embodiments one to seven.
Detailed description nine: this embodiment differs from one to eight of the embodiments in that: in the first step, freezing is carried out for 30-60 days at the temperature of minus 15-minus 20 ℃. The others are the same as in embodiments one to eight.
Detailed description ten: this embodiment differs from one of the embodiments one to nine in that: the refrigeration of the refrigerator in the fourth step is specifically refrigeration for 20-24 hours under the condition that the temperature is 2-5 ℃. The others are the same as in embodiments one to nine.
The following examples are used to verify the benefits of the present invention:
embodiment one:
1. pretreatment:
collecting fresh Chinese doughnut leaves as raw materials, scattering the raw materials in a tray, then placing the tray under the condition of 120 ℃, preserving heat for 4min, and finally naturally standing to room temperature to obtain pretreated raw materials;
2. crushing:
(1) mixing the pretreated raw materials with distilled water and then placing the mixture in a cooking machine; the mass ratio of the pretreated raw materials to distilled water is 1:2;
(2) stirring and crushing for 2min under the conditions that the power of the food processor is 1400 watts and the rotating speed is 20000 revolutions per minute, and stopping for 1min;
(3) repeating the second step (2)3 times to obtain a solid-liquid mixture);
3. preparation of distillate:
placing the solid-liquid mixture in a water distillation device, adding an auxiliary extraction solution, stirring and heating to 60 ℃, keeping the temperature at 60 ℃ for 2 hours, then heating from 60 ℃ to 120 ℃ at a heating rate of 5 ℃/min, distilling for 3 hours at 120 ℃, and condensing steam containing essential oil to obtain distillate;
the mass ratio of the solid-liquid mixture to the auxiliary extraction solution is 1:7;
the auxiliary extraction solution consists of 1.3% of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 0.7% of polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate, 0.4% of lauroyl sarcosine, 1.2% of tartaric acid, 0.8% of citric acid, 1.2% of ethylene glycol, 1.6% of sodium chloride, 0.04% of disodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate and the balance of distilled water according to mass percentage;
4. separating:
cooling the distillate to normal temperature, adding anhydrous sodium sulfate, placing in a refrigerator for refrigeration, separating and collecting an oil layer to obtain hemp essential oil containing cannabidiol;
and step three, the mixture of sodium dodecyl sulfate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate and lauroyl sarcosine is used as a surfactant.
The mixture of tartaric acid and citric acid in the third step is natural acid.
And step three, the glycol is alcohol.
And in the third step, the sodium chloride is inorganic salt.
And step three, using disodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate as a complexing agent.
The refrigeration of the refrigerator in the fourth step is specifically refrigeration for 24 hours under the condition that the temperature is 5 ℃.
And step four, anhydrous sodium sulfate is used as a water absorbent, so that the inside of the anhydrous sodium sulfate is anhydrous.
Embodiment two: the first difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that: collecting fresh Chinese doughnut leaves as raw materials, placing the raw materials in a freezer, freezing for 30 days at the temperature of minus 18 ℃, taking out the frozen raw materials, naturally standing and heating to room temperature, then placing the frozen raw materials at the temperature of 120 ℃, preserving the heat for 4min, and finally naturally standing the frozen raw materials to the room temperature to obtain the pretreated raw materials. The other is the same as in the first embodiment.
Embodiment III: the first difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that: collecting fresh Chinese doughnut leaves as raw materials, placing the raw materials in a freezer, freezing for 60 days at the temperature of minus 18 ℃, taking out the frozen raw materials, naturally standing and heating to room temperature, then placing the frozen raw materials at the temperature of 120 ℃, preserving the heat for 4min, and finally naturally standing the frozen raw materials to the room temperature to obtain the pretreated raw materials. The other is the same as in the first embodiment.
Embodiment four: the first difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that: collecting fresh Chinese doughnut leaves as raw materials, placing the raw materials in a freezer, freezing for 60 days at the temperature of-18 ℃, taking out after freezing, naturally standing and heating to room temperature to obtain the pretreated raw materials. The other is the same as in the first embodiment.
Fifth embodiment: the first difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that: collecting fresh Chinese doughnut leaves as raw materials, placing the raw materials in a freezer, freezing for 30 days at the temperature of minus 18 ℃, taking out the frozen raw materials, naturally standing and heating to room temperature, then placing the frozen raw materials at the temperature of 160 ℃, preserving heat for 2min, and finally naturally standing to room temperature to obtain the pretreated raw materials. The other is the same as in the first embodiment.
Example six: the second difference between this embodiment and the second embodiment is that: placing the solid-liquid mixture in a water distillation device, adding an auxiliary extraction solution, stirring and heating to 50 ℃, keeping the temperature at 50 ℃ for 2 hours, heating from 50 ℃ to 120 ℃ at a heating rate of 8 ℃/min, distilling for 3 hours at 120 ℃, and condensing steam containing essential oil to obtain distillate; the mass ratio of the solid-liquid mixture to the auxiliary extraction solution is 1:5. The other is the same as the embodiment.
Embodiment seven:
1. pretreatment:
collecting fresh Chinese doughnut leaves as raw materials, placing the raw materials in a freezer, freezing for 7 days at the temperature of minus 18 ℃, taking out after freezing, naturally standing and heating to room temperature, then placing the raw materials at the temperature of 125 ℃, preserving heat for 5min, and finally naturally standing to room temperature to obtain pretreated raw materials;
2. crushing:
(1) mixing the pretreated raw materials with distilled water and then placing the mixture in a cooking machine; the mass ratio of the pretreated raw materials to distilled water is 1:4;
(2) stirring and crushing for 2min under the conditions that the power of the food processor is 1400 watts and the rotating speed is 25000 rpm, and stopping for 1min;
(3) repeating the second step (2)4 times to obtain a solid-liquid mixture);
3. preparation of distillate:
placing the solid-liquid mixture in a water distillation device, adding an auxiliary extraction solution, stirring and heating to 70 ℃, keeping the temperature at 70 ℃ for 1h, then heating from 70 ℃ to 120 ℃ at a heating rate of 6 ℃/min, distilling for 5h at 120 ℃, and condensing steam containing essential oil to obtain distillate;
the mass ratio of the solid-liquid mixture to the auxiliary extraction solution is 1:10;
the auxiliary extraction solution consists of 0.6% of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 1.4% of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 0.3% of polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate, 1.0% of tartaric acid, 0.6% of citric acid, 1.8% of ethylene glycol, 2.0% of sodium chloride, 0.03% of disodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate and the balance of distilled water according to mass percentage;
4. separating:
cooling the distillate to normal temperature, adding anhydrous sodium sulfate, refrigerating in a refrigerator, separating and collecting oil layer to obtain hemp essential oil containing cannabidiol.
And step three, the mixture of sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate is used as a surfactant.
The mixture of tartaric acid and citric acid in the third step is natural acid.
And step three, the glycol is alcohol.
And in the third step, the sodium chloride is inorganic salt.
And step three, using disodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate as a complexing agent.
The refrigeration of the refrigerator in the fourth step is specifically refrigeration for 24 hours under the condition that the temperature is 5 ℃.
And step four, anhydrous sodium sulfate is used as a water absorbent, so that the inside of the anhydrous sodium sulfate is anhydrous.
Comparison experiment: extracting essential oil by conventional water vapor: drying fresh raw materials in the shade, pulverizing, adding water, and extracting with water vapor for 4 hr.
Taking 500mg of the hemp oil prepared in examples one to seven, fixing the volume to 1mL by using ethyl acetate, passing through a disposable nylon filter membrane, analyzing the compound of the hemp oil by using a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer, and determining the relative content of the compound by using an area normalization method. And compared with the hemp oil obtained by the conventional steam distillation method by GC-MS detection, and the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
Note that: filtering the impurity peak for GC-MS at 1% of the maximum peak area without detection
It can be seen from the table that examples one to seven all showed higher essential oil yields and higher CBD content, significantly better than the hemp essential oils obtained by conventional steam distillation.
Microcosmic morphology difference comparison experiment:
SEM characterization was performed on hemp She Jin before essential oil extraction, after conventional steam extraction and after extraction in the method of example two, and in order to more intuitively perform the change of the surface of the comparative leaf, the method of example two directly performed the subsequent treatment without a breaking step. The results are shown in FIG. 1.
FIG. 1 is an SEM photograph of the leaves of China-hemp flowers before and after extracting essential oil; a is the original Chinese doughnut leaf, b is the Chinese doughnut leaf after conventional steam extraction in a comparison experiment, c is the Chinese doughnut leaf after extraction in the second embodiment; as can be seen from the figure, the hemp leaves before extraction have natural water loss and have folds, but the surfaces are relatively smooth, after conventional steam extraction, a little broken substances appear on the surfaces, and after the extraction method of the embodiment II, more ravines are generated on the surfaces of the leaves, so that the extraction method provided by the embodiment II is more beneficial to release of active substances in cells.
FIG. 2 is a GC-MS diagram of cannabidiol-containing hemp essential oil extracted in example one; FIG. 3 is a GC-MS diagram of cannabidiol-containing cannabis essential oil extracted in example two; FIG. 4 is a GC-MS diagram of cannabidiol-containing cannabis essential oil extracted in example three; FIG. 5 is a GC-MS diagram of cannabidiol-containing cannabis essential oil extracted in example four; FIG. 6 is a GC-MS diagram of cannabidiol-containing cannabis essential oil extracted in example five; FIG. 7 is a GC-MS diagram of cannabidiol-containing hemp essential oil extracted in example six; FIG. 8 is a GC-MS diagram of cannabidiol-containing hemp essential oil extracted in example seven; FIG. 9 is a GC-MS diagram of hemp essential oil extracted by conventional steam distillation in comparison experiment; from the figures, it can be seen that the hemp essential oils obtained in examples one to seven have significantly higher CBD content, while the other main components are similar to the conventional steam process.
CBD content verification experiments in hemp leaves before and after extraction:
the experimental method comprises the following steps:
the essential oil extraction is not carried out: drying 100g of fresh raw materials in the shade, crushing, putting into a 160 ℃ oven for decarboxylation at constant temperature for 20min, taking out, naturally cooling, adding 500mL of methanol, extracting for 30min by ultrasonic waves, filtering, and taking supernatant to be matched with proper concentration for HPLC test;
separating and purifying CBD (cubic boron nitride) from hemp leaf raw material residues after extracting essential oil by conventional steam: drying 100g of fresh raw materials in the shade, crushing, adding 1000mL of water, extracting for 4h by using water vapor, separating residues, drying in the shade, adding 500mL of methanol, extracting by using ultrasonic waves for 30min, filtering, and preparing to a proper concentration for HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) test;
embodiment one extraction method the extraction of essential oil is followed by CBD separation and purification of the residue of hemp leaf material: 100g of fresh raw materials in the same batch are taken, after extraction according to the first embodiment, residues are separated and dried in the shade, 500mL of methanol is added, ultrasonic extraction is carried out for 30min, filtration is carried out, and supernatant is taken to be matched with proper concentration for HPLC test.
The CBD and THC content of the methanol extract of hemp leaves before and after extracting essential oil was detected, and the HPLC results are shown in the figure.
FIG. 10 is an HPLC chart of methanol extract of hemp leaves without essential oil extraction; FIG. 11 is a HPLC chart of methanol extract of hemp leaf raw material residue after conventional steam extraction of essential oil in comparison experiments; FIG. 12 is a HPLC chart of methanol extract of hemp leaf raw material residue after extracting hemp essential oil in example I; from the figure, when the essential oil extraction is not performed, the sample has a large number of impurity peaks before 5min, and after the essential oil extraction, the impurity peaks before 5min almost disappear, which indicates that a large number of impurities are removed in the essential oil extraction process. Comparison of the conventional steam method and the example method shows that the impurity peaks are fewer and the crude extract has higher relative purity after the extraction by the example method.
After calculation by an external standard method, the method finds that 1215.3 +/-48.8 mg CBD can be obtained by directly extracting 100g of raw materials with methanol after decarboxylation; extracting with methanol by conventional steam method to obtain 1116.2 + -87.3 mg CBD; by the extraction method of example one, however, methanol extraction gave 1223.55.+ -. 105.6mg of CBD. The result shows that the extraction method provided by the embodiment not only obtains the essential oil with higher content of CBD, but also has a certain promotion effect on the extraction, separation and purification of CBD in the subsequent raw material residues, and reduces the subsequent purification difficulty.
Claims (4)
1. An extraction method for improving the content of cannabidiol in hemp essential oil is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1. pretreatment:
collecting fresh Chinese doughnut leaves as raw materials, placing the raw materials in a freezer, freezing for 7-60 days, taking out the frozen raw materials, naturally standing and heating to room temperature, then placing the raw materials at 120-125 ℃, preserving heat for 4-5 min, and finally naturally standing to room temperature to obtain pretreated raw materials;
2. crushing:
(1) mixing the pretreated raw materials with distilled water and then placing the mixture in a cooking machine; the mass ratio of the pretreated raw materials to distilled water is 1 (1-5);
(2) stirring and crushing for 2 to 3 minutes under the conditions that the power of the food processor is 1000 to 1500 watts and the rotating speed is 15000 to 40000 revolutions per minute, and stopping for 0.5 to 1 minutes;
(3) repeating the second step (2)2-5 times) to obtain a solid-liquid mixture;
3. preparation of distillate:
placing the solid-liquid mixture in a water distillation device, adding an auxiliary extraction solution, stirring and heating to 50-70 ℃, keeping the temperature at 50-70 ℃ for 0.5-2 hours, then heating from 50-70 ℃ to 105-120 ℃ at a heating rate of 2-8 ℃/min, distilling for 2-5 hours at 105-120 ℃, and condensing steam containing essential oil to obtain distillate;
the mass ratio of the solid-liquid mixture to the auxiliary extraction solution is 1 (3-10);
the auxiliary extraction solution consists of 1.3% of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 0.7% of polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate, 0.4% of lauroyl sarcosine, 1.2% of tartaric acid, 0.8% of citric acid, 1.2% of ethylene glycol, 1.6% of sodium chloride, 0.04% of disodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate and the balance of distilled water according to mass percentage;
4. separating:
cooling the distillate to normal temperature, adding anhydrous sodium sulfate, refrigerating in a refrigerator, separating and collecting oil layer to obtain hemp essential oil containing cannabidiol.
2. The extraction method for increasing the content of cannabidiol in hemp essential oil according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, freezing is performed for 7-60 days at a temperature of-15 ℃ to-20 ℃.
3. The extraction method for increasing the content of cannabidiol in hemp essential oil according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, freezing is performed for 30-60 days at a temperature of-15 ℃ to-20 ℃.
4. The method for increasing cannabidiol content in hemp essential oil according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerator refrigeration in the fourth step is specifically refrigeration for 20-24 hours at a temperature of 2-5 ℃.
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| CN112210442A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-01-12 | 齐齐哈尔大学 | Extraction method of hemp volatile oil and cannabidiol |
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