CN113633440B

CN113633440B - Hip joint prosthesis

Info

Publication number: CN113633440B
Application number: CN202111042074.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周海明; 张晓攀
Original assignee: Beijing Lidakang Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Lidakang Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-09-07
Filing date: 2021-09-07
Publication date: 2022-05-20
Anticipated expiration: 2041-09-07
Also published as: CN113633440A

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of orthopedic implants, in particular to a hip joint prosthesis; the technical scheme is that the hip joint prosthesis comprises an upper femur section and a broach arranged on one side of the upper femur section; the intramedullary nail comprises a first conical part with the diameter gradually increasing along the direction from the proximal part to the distal part of the upper femur, and the upper femur is provided with a first conical groove for the first conical part to be inserted; when the hip joint is renovated, the upper femur section is driven to move towards the direction far away from the broach, so that the upper femur section and the broach can be separated, and the renovation treatment of the upper femur section is convenient; the design avoids the need of taking out the whole hip joint prosthesis from the body of the patient when the hip joint is renovated, and achieves the effects of shortening the recovery time of the patient and relieving the pain of the patient.

Description

Hip joint prosthesis

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of orthopedic implants, in particular to a hip joint prosthesis.

Background

The hip joint replacement is to fix an artificial prosthesis comprising a femur part and an acetabulum part on a normal bone substance by using bone cement and screws to replace a diseased joint, thereby reconstructing the normal function of the hip joint of a patient, and is a mature and reliable treatment means.

After the hip joint prosthesis is implanted for a period of time, the problems of prosthesis loosening, infection or dislocation and the like can occur, and the hip joint prosthesis is required to be renovated at the moment. In view of the above-mentioned related art solutions, the inventors found that: most of the existing hip joint prostheses are integrally formed, so that the whole hip joint prosthesis is required to be taken out of a patient body when a revision operation is carried out, and then the taken-out hip joint prosthesis is treated, and the treatment mode not only greatly prolongs the recovery time of the patient, but also aggravates the pain of the patient.

Disclosure of Invention

To facilitate revision, the present application provides a hip prosthesis.

The technical scheme adopted by the hip joint prosthesis is as follows:

a hip joint prosthesis comprises a femur upper section and a broach arranged at one side of the femur upper section;

the intramedullary nail comprises a first conical part with the diameter gradually increasing along the direction from the proximal part to the distal part of the upper femur section, and the upper femur section is provided with a first conical groove for inserting the first conical part.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the hip joint is rebuilt, the upper femoral segment is driven to move towards the direction far away from the broach, so that the upper femoral segment and the broach can be separated, and the rebuilding treatment of the upper femoral segment is facilitated; the design avoids the need of taking out the whole hip joint prosthesis from the body of the patient when the hip joint is renovated, and achieves the effects of shortening the recovery time of the patient and relieving the pain of the patient.

Preferably, the bone grafting instrument further comprises a diaphysis extension section arranged between the upper femoral section and the intramedullary nail;

the diaphysis extension section comprises a second conical part with the diameter gradually increasing along the direction from the proximal part to the far part away from the upper part of the femur, and the first conical groove is used for the second conical part to be inserted;

the end surface of the backbone extension section close to the broach is provided with a second taper groove for the first taper part to insert;

preferably, the diaphysis extension section further comprises a third tapered part integrally formed on one side of the second tapered part far away from the upper femur section; the outer diameter of the third tapered portion gradually decreases in a direction from the proximal end to the distal end of the upper femoral segment;

more preferably, the outer peripheral surface of the third tapered portion is formed with a stepped surface inclined in a direction from the proximal end to the distal end of the femoral head toward the axis of the third tapered portion.

By adopting the technical scheme, the arranged second conical part enables the backbone extension section and the upper section of the femur to be detachably connected; the provided second conical part enables the backbone extension section and the broach to be detachably connected; the third conical part reduces the possibility of sinking after the diaphysis extension section is implanted into the body of a patient; the processed step surface further reduces the possibility of sinking after the backbone extension section is implanted into the body of a patient.

Preferably, the first fixing part penetrates through the upper section of the femur and extends into the second conical part, the first fixing part and the second conical part are in threaded connection, and a through hole for the first fixing part to penetrate through is formed in the upper section of the femur;

preferably, the femoral bone plugging device further comprises a plugging piece which is arranged on the upper section of the femoral bone and is in threaded connection with the hole wall of the through hole;

more preferably, the upper femur section is provided with at least one threading hole.

By adopting the technical scheme, the first fixing piece improves the connection strength of the upper femoral segment and the second conical part, and reduces the possibility of separating the upper femoral segment from the diaphysis extension segment; the arranged plugging piece realizes plugging of the through hole and ensures the cleanness of the through hole, thereby ensuring that the first fixing piece can be separated from the second conical part; the thread holes are convenient for fixing the thread for fixing the ligament.

Preferably, the device also comprises a connecting piece and a second fixing piece; the connecting piece is arranged on one side of the upper section of the femur;

the connecting piece comprises a connecting plate arranged on one side of the upper section of the femur, the second fixing piece penetrates through the connecting plate and extends into the upper section of the femur, and the second fixing piece is in threaded connection with the upper section of the femur;

preferably, the connecting piece also comprises a short spine fixedly connected to the side surface of the connecting plate close to the upper section of the femur;

further preferably, the connecting piece further comprises a connecting hook integrally formed on the connecting plate;

it is further preferred that the side of the connection plate remote from the upper section of the femur is machined with at least one placing arc.

By adopting the technical scheme, after the upper femur is inserted into the cavity of the femur marrow, the connecting plate is attached to the outer surface of the femur, and then the second fixing piece penetrates through the connecting plate and is screwed into the upper femur, so that the upper femur is connected with the femur; the arranged short thorns can be punctured into the cortical bone, so that the connection strength of the connecting plate and the thighbone is further improved; the arranged connecting hook can be hooked near the greater trochanter, so that the connecting strength of the connecting plate and the femur is further improved; the titanium cable is convenient to place by the arranged placing arc, and the possibility that the titanium cable slides on the connecting plate at will is reduced.

Preferably, the femoral head further comprises a filling piece detachably connected to one side of the upper femoral segment;

preferably, the filling piece comprises a filling piece body and an embedded part integrally formed on the filling piece body, and the upper section of the femur is provided with an embedded groove for embedding the embedded part.

By adopting the technical scheme, the upper section of the femur can be jointed with the skeleton at the proximal end of the femur by the design of the filling piece, so that the stability of the hip joint prosthesis is ensured; the embedded part and the embedded groove enable the filling piece to be detachably connected with the upper section of the femur.

Preferably, the broach further comprises a broach proximal end and a broach distal end; the proximal end of the broach is integrally formed at the position of one side of the first conical part, which is far away from the upper section of the femur; the distal end of the broach is integrally formed at the position of one side of the proximal end of the broach, which is far away from the first conical part;

preferably, the broach further comprises a connecting block integrally formed on the end face of the first conical part close to the backbone extension section, and the connecting block is in threaded connection with the third conical part;

more preferably, the broach further includes a fastener fixedly attached to the outer surface of the proximal end of the broach.

By adopting the technical scheme, the arranged connecting block enables the broach and the backbone extension section to be in threaded connection, so that the connection strength of the backbone extension section and the broach is greatly improved; the arranged fastener improves the connection strength of the broach and the femoral medullary cavity and reduces the possibility of the prosthesis sinking after years.

Preferably, the locking nail penetrates through the distal end of the intramedullary nail;

preferably, the locking nail comprises a first part, a second part and a third part, wherein the outer peripheral surface of the first part and the outer peripheral surface of the third part are both provided with threads; the outer diameter of the thread formed on the outer peripheral surface of the first portion is larger than the outer diameter of the thread formed on the outer peripheral surface of the third portion.

By adopting the technical scheme, the intramedullary nail is connected with the femur by the arranged locking nail; on the premise of ensuring the stability of the far end of the broach, the threads are not machined on the second part, and the through unthreaded hole is formed in the far end of the broach, so that the machining amount of the locking nail is reduced.

Preferably, the outer peripheral surface of the distal end of the broach is processed with anti-rotation ridges along the extending direction of the distal end of the broach;

preferably, the end surface of the distal end of the broach far away from the proximal end of the broach is provided with an anti-collision groove.

By adopting the technical scheme, the arranged anti-rotation ridge plays a role in preventing rotation of the broach; the anti-collision groove reduces the possibility of bone collision outside and furthest reduces the phenomena of thigh pain and leather wear.

Preferably, the proximal end of the broach is coaxial with the distal end of the broach.

Preferably, the angle between the axis of the proximal end of the broach and the axis of the distal end of the broach is in the range 5 ° to 10 °.

By adopting the technical scheme, the design ensures that the distal end of the broach can be more firmly fixed in the body of a patient.

In summary, the present application has the following technical effects:

when the hip joint is renovated, the upper femur section is driven to move towards the direction far away from the broach, so that the upper femur section and the broach can be separated, and the renovation treatment of the upper femur section is convenient; the design avoids the need of taking out the whole hip joint prosthesis from the body of the patient when the hip joint is renovated, and achieves the effects of shortening the recovery time of the patient and relieving the pain of the patient;

the first fixing piece is arranged, so that the connection strength of the upper femoral segment and the second conical part is improved, and the possibility of separating the upper femoral segment from the diaphysis extension segment is reduced; the arranged plugging piece realizes plugging of the through hole and ensures the cleanness of the through hole, thereby ensuring that the first fixing piece can be separated from the second conical part; the thread holes are arranged to facilitate the fixation of the thread for fixing the ligament;

after the upper femur section is inserted into the cavity of the femur bone marrow, the connecting plate is attached to the outer surface of the femur, and then the second fixing piece penetrates through the connecting plate and is screwed into the upper femur section, so that the upper femur section is connected with the femur; the arranged short thorns can be punctured into the cortical bone, so that the connection strength of the connecting plate and the thighbone is further improved; the arranged connecting hook can be hooked near the greater trochanter, so that the connecting strength of the connecting plate and the femur is further improved; the titanium cable is convenient to place by the arranged placing arc, and the possibility that the titanium cable slides on the connecting plate at will is reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a hip prosthesis according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is an elevational cross-sectional view of a backbone extension in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is an elevational, partial cross-sectional view of the upper femoral segment and the filling member shown attached in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view at A in FIG. 1 in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a connecting member in the embodiment of the present application.

In the figure, 1, the upper femoral segment; 11. a first tapered slot; 12. a through hole; 13. threading holes; 14. embedding the groove; 15. screwing into the hole; 2. a broach; 21. a first tapered portion; 22. connecting blocks; 23. a proximal end of the broach; 24. a distal end of the broach; 241. preventing rotation of the spine; 242. an anti-collision groove; 3. a backbone extension section; 31. a second tapered portion; 311. a first threaded hole; 32. a third tapered portion; 321. a second tapered slot; 322. a second threaded hole; 4. a first fixing member; 5. a blocking member; 6. locking nails; 61. a first portion; 62. a second portion; 63. a third portion; 7. a fastener; 8. a filling member; 81. a filler body; 82. an insertion section; 9. a connecting member; 91. a connecting plate; 911. a long hole; 912. placing an arc; 92. a connecting hook; 93. short thorn; 10. and a second fixing member.

Detailed Description

The present application is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawings.

Referring to fig. 1, the present application provides a hip joint prosthesis comprising an upper femoral segment 1 and a broach 2 arranged in series. Wherein the broach 2 comprises a first conical part 21, the outer diameter of the first conical part 21 is gradually increased along the direction from the proximal part to the far part away from the upper femoral segment 1, and the end surface of the upper femoral segment 1 near the first conical part 21 is provided with a first conical groove 11 for inserting the first conical part 21.

When the hip joint replacement is carried out, the intramedullary nail 2 is firstly inserted into the intramedullary canal of the femur of a patient, then the first conical groove 11 is aligned with the first conical part 21, and the upper femur section 1 is driven to approach towards the first conical part 21 until the first conical part 21 is inserted into the first conical groove 11, so that the connection between the intramedullary nail 2 and the upper femur section 1 is realized. When the hip joint is renovated, the upper segment 1 of the femur is only required to be driven to move towards the direction far away from the broach 2, and the separation of the broach 2 and the upper segment 1 of the femur can be realized, thereby being convenient for the renovation treatment of the upper segment 1 of the femur. The design avoids the need of taking out the whole hip joint prosthesis from the body of the patient when the hip joint is renovated, and achieves the effects of shortening the recovery time of the patient and relieving the pain of the patient.

Referring to fig. 1, in the actual operation process, the actual situation of each patient is different, and for this reason, the hip joint prosthesis further comprises a stem extension section 3, and the stem extension section 3 is arranged between the upper femur section 1 and the intramedullary nail 2, so as to adjust the overall length of the hip joint prosthesis, and thus the hip joint prosthesis can better adapt to different patients.

Specifically, referring to fig. 1, the stem extension 3 includes a second tapered portion 31 and a third tapered portion 32, the second tapered portion 31 and the third tapered portion 32 are sequentially disposed along the direction from the femoral superior segment 1 to the broach 2, and the second tapered portion 31 and the third tapered portion 32 are integrally formed.

Referring to fig. 1, in order to detachably connect the stem extension 3 and the upper femoral segment 1, the outer diameter of the second tapered portion 31 gradually increases from the proximal end to the distal end of the upper femoral segment 1, and the second tapered portion 31 is adapted to the first tapered groove 11. Due to the design, the second conical part 31 and the first conical groove 11 form conical fit, so that the backbone extension section 3 and the upper femoral section 1 are detachably connected, and the stability of connection between the backbone extension section 3 and the upper femoral section 1 is improved.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in order to detachably connect the stem extension 3 to the broach 2, the end surface of the third tapered portion 32 close to the first tapered portion 21 is formed with a second tapered groove 321, and the first tapered portion 21 is matched with the second tapered groove 321. This arrangement provides a tapered fit of the first tapered portion 21 with the second tapered slot 321, thereby providing a releasable connection of the stem extension 3 to the broach 2.

Referring to fig. 2, optionally, the third taper 32 has an outer diameter that decreases in a direction from proximal to distal to the femoral superior segment 1. Such a design reduces the likelihood of the diaphyseal extension 3 sinking after implantation in the patient.

Referring to fig. 2, the outer peripheral surface of the third tapered portion 32 may be optionally formed with a stepped surface inclined in a direction from the proximal direction to the distal direction from the femoral upper segment 1 toward the axial direction away from the third tapered portion 32. The design makes the outer periphery of the third conical part 32 have a step-like radiation design, thereby further reducing the possibility of sinking after the diaphysis extension 3 is implanted into the body of a patient.

Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, in real life, a patient needs to perform normal activities, and there is a high possibility that the upper femoral segment 1 is separated from the diaphyseal extension segment 3. For this purpose, the hip joint prosthesis further comprises a first fixing element 4, the first fixing element 4 penetrates through the upper femur section 1 and extends into the second tapered portion 31, and the first fixing element 4 is in threaded connection with both the upper femur section 1 and the second tapered portion 31. The upper femur section 1 is provided with a through hole 12 for the first fixing member 4 to pass through, and the end surface of the second tapered portion 31 close to the upper femur section 1 is provided with a first threaded hole 311 for the first fixing member 4 to be screwed in. In the embodiment of the present application, the first fixing element 4 is a fixing screw, but in other examples, the first fixing element 4 may also be a locking screw, or any other screw that can connect the upper femur section 1 and the second taper portion 31. The design of the first fixing element 4 improves the strength of the connection of the upper femoral segment 1 to the second tapered portion 31.

Referring to fig. 1 and 3, in order to avoid the possibility that the first fixing member 4 cannot be separated from the second tapered portion 31 due to the foreign matter falling into the through-hole 12. The hip joint prosthesis further comprises a blocking piece 5, wherein the blocking piece 5 is arranged on the upper femur section 1 and is in threaded connection with the through hole 12. In the embodiment of the present application, the blocking member 5 is a threaded fastener, and the outer diameter of the nut in the threaded fastener is larger than the inner diameter of the through hole 12. The design of the plugging piece 5 realizes the plugging of the through hole 12 and ensures the cleanness of the through hole 12.

Referring to fig. 3, optionally, the upper femur section 1 is provided with at least one threading hole 13, in this embodiment, three threading holes 13 are provided. The threading hole 13 is arranged to facilitate the fixation of the suture for fixing the ligament.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in order to improve the connection strength between the femoral shaft extension 3 and the broach 2. The intramedullary nail 2 further comprises a connecting block 22. The connecting block 22 is integrally formed at a position where the first tapered portion 21 is close to the end surface of the trunk extension section 3, and the connecting block 22 is coaxial with the first tapered portion 21; the connecting block 22 is screwed to the third tapered portion 32, and a second threaded hole 322 for screwing the connecting block 22 is formed in the end surface of the third tapered portion 32 close to the broach 2. The arrangement of the connecting block 22 enables the broach 2 and the backbone extension section 3 to be in threaded connection, and greatly improves the connection strength of the backbone extension section 3 and the broach 2.

Referring to fig. 1, the broach 2 also comprises a broach proximal end 23 and a broach distal end 24. Specifically, the proximal broach end 23 is integrally formed at a position on the side of the first tapered portion 21 away from the upper femur section 1, and the distal broach end 24 is integrally formed at a position on the side of the proximal broach end 23 away from the first tapered portion 21. The proximal end 23 of the broach in the embodiment of this application has a diameter of 10-25mm and a length of 60-260 mm.

Referring to fig. 1, in particular, the axis of the proximal end 23 of the broach is angled at an angle in the range of 5 ° to 10 ° to the axis of the distal end 24 of the broach. In the embodiment of the application, the angle between the axis of the proximal end of the broach and the axis of the distal end of the broach is 5 °. Such a design may allow the distal broach end 24 to be more securely held within the patient.

Of course, the proximal broach end 23 and the distal broach end 24 may also be coaxially arranged.

Referring to fig. 1, in practice, after the intramedullary nail 2 is inserted into the medullary cavity of the femur of a patient, the intramedullary nail 2 is often fixed by screws; to this end, the hip prosthesis further comprises a locking pin 6, the locking pin 6 extending through the distal end 24 of the broach. After the intramedullary nail 2 is inserted into the femoral medullary cavity, the locking nail 6 is driven to penetrate through the femur and the intramedullary nail distal end 24, so that the intramedullary nail distal end 24 is connected with the femur of the patient.

Referring to fig. 1, in the embodiment of the present application, two locking pins 6 are provided, wherein one locking pin 6 extends perpendicular to the axis of the proximal broach end 23, and the other locking pin 6 extends at an angle of 30 ° to the axis of the proximal broach end 23. The design can ensure that the hip joint prosthesis can be fixed more firmly, and the possibility of loosening of the hip joint prosthesis after years is avoided.

Referring to fig. 4, in particular, the locking pin 6 includes a first portion 61, a second portion 62 and a third portion 63 which are sequentially arranged, and the first portion 61, the second portion 62 and the third portion 63 are not only coaxial but also integrally formed; in addition, the outer peripheral surfaces of the first portion 61 and the second portion 62 are threaded. The outer diameter of the thread machined on the outer peripheral surface of the first portion 61 is larger than the outer diameter of the thread machined on the outer peripheral surface of the third portion 63. The broach distal end 24 is provided with a through unthreaded hole for the locking nail 6 to penetrate through, and the inner diameter of the through unthreaded hole is smaller than the outer diameter of the thread processed on the outer peripheral surface of the first part 61, so that the possibility that the first part 61 penetrates through the through unthreaded hole is avoided, and the stability of connection between the locking nail 6 and the broach distal end 24 and the femur of a patient is ensured.

After the intramedullary nail 2 is inserted into the femoral bone marrow cavity, the locking nail 6 is driven to penetrate through the femur and the distal end 24 of the intramedullary nail; the third portion 63 extends to the inner side of the medullary cavity cortex bone and is in threaded connection with the inner side of the medullary cavity cortex bone; second portion 62 remains inside the distal end 24 of the broach; the first portion 61 is not in contact with the distal end 24 of the broach and is threaded only on the outside of the cortical bone of the medullary cavity. On the premise of ensuring the stability of the distal end 24 of the broach, the second portion 62 is not threaded and the through unthreaded hole formed in the distal end 24 of the broach is designed, so that the processing amount of the locking nail 6 is reduced.

Referring to fig. 1, the outer surface of the proximal broach end 23 may optionally be coated with a coating that promotes fusion of the proximal broach end 23 with the patient's bone, in the present embodiment, the coating is a titanium coating, but in other embodiments, the coating may be a tantalum coating or an HA coating, etc.

Referring to fig. 1, optionally, the hip prosthesis further comprises a plurality of fasteners 7 fixedly attached to the outer peripheral surface of the proximal broach end 23, the plurality of fasteners 7 being evenly distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the proximal broach end 23; in the embodiment of the present application, the fastener 7 is a four-jaw ratchet, but in other examples, the fastener 7 may also be a three-jaw ratchet, a five-jaw ratchet, or the like, which can improve the connection strength between the proximal broach 23 and the patient's bone.

Referring to fig. 1, optionally, the outer circumference of the distal end 24 of the broach is machined with at least one anti-rotation ridge 241 along the extension of the distal end 24 of the broach. In the embodiment of the present application, eight anti-rotation ridges 241 are uniformly machined on the outer peripheral surface of the distal end 24 of the broach. The anti-rotation ridge 241 is designed to prevent rotation, thereby reducing the possibility of rotation of the intramedullary nail 2 in the femoral medullary cavity.

Referring to fig. 1, optionally, the end of the distal end 24 of the broach remote from the proximal end 23 of the broach is formed with an anti-clash groove 242. The anti-collision slots 242 reduce the possibility of lateral bone collision and minimize the occurrence of thigh pain and cortical wear.

Referring to fig. 3, for a patient with bone at the proximal end of the femur, the upper femoral segment 1 does not fit well to the proximal end of the femur, which greatly reduces the stability of the hip prosthesis. For this purpose, the hip prosthesis further comprises a filler piece 8, which filler piece 8 is detachably connected in a position on one side of the upper femoral segment 1. The filling member 8 is processed according to the actual condition of the patient. The filling part 8 is designed to ensure that the upper femur section 1 can be jointed with the proximal femur bone, thereby ensuring the stability of the hip joint prosthesis.

Referring to fig. 3, specifically, the packing 8 includes a packing body 81 and a variously shaped insert portion 82; the insertion portion 82 is integrally formed on the filling member body 81, and the upper femur section 1 is provided with an insertion groove 14 into which the insertion portion 82 is inserted. In the present embodiment, the insertion portion 82 is provided with two pieces. The one-piece embedding part 82 comprises a T-shaped block with a T-shaped cross section and a bulge integrally formed on the outer surface of the T-shaped block; the further insert 82 comprises a semicircular piece and a projection integrally formed on the side of the semicircular piece remote from the filling member 8. Of course, in other examples, the insertion portion 82 may have a variety of different shapes, as long as the shape allows the filling member 8 to be detachably connected to the upper femoral segment 1.

Referring to fig. 3, optionally, the outer surface of the filler piece body 81 far from the upper femur section 1 is coated with a coating for accelerating the connection between the filler piece body 81 and the proximal femur. In the embodiment of the present application, the coating is a titanium coating, but in other examples, the coating may also be a tantalum coating or an HA coating.

With reference to fig. 1 and 5, in order to improve the stability of the hip prosthesis. The hip joint prosthesis comprises a connecting element 9 and a second fixing element 10, the connecting element 9 being arranged on the side of the upper femur section 1 remote from the filler element 8. Specifically, the connecting piece 9 includes a connecting plate 91, the connecting plate 91 is disposed on one side of the upper femur section 1 away from the filling member 8, and the connecting plate 91 is attached to the outer surface of the femur. The second fixing member 10 is disposed on one side of the connecting plate 91 far from the upper femur section 1, the second fixing member 10 penetrates through the upper femur section 1 and is screwed into the upper femur section 1, the connecting plate 91 is provided with a slot 911 for screwing the second fixing member 10, and the upper femur section 1 is provided with a screw hole 15 for screwing the second fixing member 10 (see fig. 3). In the embodiment of the present application, the second fixing member 10 is a locking screw, but in other examples, the second fixing member 10 may also be any one of a fixing screw, a locking screw, and the like.

In actual operation, after the upper femur section 1 is inserted into the medullary cavity of femur, the connecting plate 91 is attached to the outer surface of femur, and then the second fixing member 10 penetrates through the connecting plate 91 and is screwed into the upper femur section 1, so that the upper femur section 1 is connected with femur, and the connection strength between the hip joint prosthesis and femur and the stability of the hip joint prosthesis are improved.

Referring to fig. 1 and 3, alternatively, the axis of the screw hole 15 is perpendicular to the axis of the through hole 12. The second fixing member 10 is provided with a through hole for the first fixing member 4 to pass through. Such a design further improves the stability of the connection of the upper femoral segment 1 to the femur.

Referring to fig. 1 and 5, the connector 9 may alternatively include a coupling hook 92 integrally formed on the coupling plate 91. In the embodiment of the present application, two connection hooks 92 are provided and are located near the upper femoral segment 1 away from the stem extension 3. After the connection plate 91 is connected with the upper femur section 1, the connection hook 92 will hook at the position of the greater trochanter of the patient, so as to improve the connection strength of the connection plate 91 and the femur.

Referring to fig. 1 and 5, optionally, the side of the web 91 distal to the upper femoral segment 1 is machined with at least one placement arc 912. In the embodiment of the present application, three placement arcs 912 are provided. After the connection between the connection board 91 and the upper femur section 1 is realized, surgical personnel wind titanium cables on the connection board 91 and the outer side of the femur, so that the connection strength between the connection board 91 and the upper femur section 1 is further improved; at this time, the titanium cable can be placed in the placing arc 912, so that the function of limiting the titanium cable is achieved, and the possibility that the titanium cable slides randomly on the outer surface of the connecting plate 91 is reduced.

Referring to fig. 1 and 5, optionally, the connecting member 9 further includes short spines 93 integrally formed on the side of the connecting plate 91 adjacent to the upper femoral segment 1, at least one of the short spines 93 being provided. The short spines 93 are provided in four in the embodiment of the present application. After the connection between the connection board 91 and the upper femur section 1 is realized, the short spine 93 is inserted into the cortical bone, so that the connection strength between the connection board 91 and the femur is further improved.

To sum up, the application process of this application is: in actual operation, the first tapered part 21 is firstly inserted into the second tapered groove 321, so that the backbone extension section 3 is connected with the intramedullary nail 2; secondly, reaming the medullary cavity at the far end of the human body by using a tool, and inserting the backbone extension section 3 and the broach 2 into the bone of the human body; if the operation is the primary operation, the filling part 8 is connected with the upper femoral segment 1 by the embedding part 82, and then the second conical part 31 is inserted into the first conical groove 11, so that the upper femoral segment 1 is connected with the diaphysis extension segment 3; if the operation is a revision operation, the second tapered part 31 is directly inserted into the first tapered groove 11; then screwing the first fixing piece 4 into the through hole 12 formed in the upper section 1 of the femur and extending into the threaded hole formed in the second conical part 31, and screwing the plugging piece 5 into the through hole 12; then the locking nail 6 is screwed into the distal end 24 of the femur and the intramedullary nail and penetrates through the distal end 24 of the femur and the intramedullary nail; finally, the connecting plate 91 is attached to the outer surface of the femur, and the second fixing element 10 is screwed into the upper femur section 1 through the connecting plate 91.

During the revision operation, at first realize the separation with shutoff piece 5 and thighbone upper segment 1, secondly realize the separation with first mounting 4 and second toper portion 31, then realize being connected second mounting 10 and thighbone upper segment 1, and then make connecting piece 9 and thighbone upper segment 1 and thighbone realize the separation, directly take out thighbone upper segment 1 from the intramedullary cavity of thighbone after that to handle thighbone upper segment 1, it can with backbone extension 3 realization connection to make thighbone upper segment 1 at last.

The present embodiment is only for explaining the present application, and it is not limited to the present application, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A hip prosthesis, characterized in that: comprises a femur upper section (1) and a broach (2) arranged at one side of the femur upper section (1);

the intramedullary nail (2) comprises a first conical part (21) with the diameter gradually increasing along the direction from the proximal part to the distal part away from the upper femur section (1), and the upper femur section (1) is provided with a first conical groove (11) for the first conical part (21) to be inserted into;

the bone grafting instrument also comprises a diaphysis extension section (3) arranged between the upper femur section (1) and the intramedullary pin (2);

the diaphysis extension section (3) comprises a second conical part (31) with the diameter gradually increasing along the direction from the close to the far away from the upper femur section (1), and the first conical groove (11) is used for inserting the second conical part (31);

the end surface of the backbone extension section (3) close to the intramedullary nail (2) is provided with a second taper groove (321) for the first taper part (21) to insert;

the diaphysis extension section (3) also comprises a third conical part (32) which is integrally formed on one side of the second conical part (31) far away from the upper femur section (1); the outer diameter of the third conical part (32) is gradually reduced along the direction from the close to the far away from the upper femur section (1);

the outer peripheral surface of the third conical part (32) is processed with a step surface which inclines along the direction from the approach to the direction far away from the upper femur section (1) to the direction far away from the axis of the third conical part (32);

the broach (2) further comprises a broach proximal end (23) and a broach distal end (24); the proximal end (23) of the broach is integrally formed at the position of one side of the first conical part (21) far away from the upper femur section (1); the broach far end (24) is integrally formed at the position of the side of the broach near end (23) far away from the first conical part (21);

the broach (2) also comprises a connecting block (22) which is integrally formed on the end surface of the first conical part (21) close to the diaphysis extension section (3), and the connecting block (22) is in threaded connection with the third conical part (32);

the broach (2) also includes a fastener (7) fixedly attached to the outer surface of the proximal end (23) of the broach.

2. A hip joint prosthesis according to claim 1, wherein: the first fixing piece (4) penetrates through the upper femur section (1) and extends into the second conical part (31), the first fixing piece (4) is in threaded connection with the second conical part (31), and a through hole (12) for the first fixing piece (4) to penetrate through is formed in the upper femur section (1);

the femoral head also comprises a plugging piece (5) which is arranged on the upper section (1) of the femur and is in threaded connection with the hole wall of the through hole (12);

the upper femur section (1) is provided with at least one threading hole (13).

3. A hip joint prosthesis according to claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises a connecting piece (9) and a second fixing piece (10); the connecting piece (9) is arranged on one side of the upper femur section (1);

the connecting piece (9) comprises a connecting plate (91) arranged on one side of the upper femur section (1), the second fixing piece (10) penetrates through the connecting plate (91) and extends into the upper femur section (1), and the second fixing piece (10) is in threaded connection with the upper femur section (1);

the connecting piece (9) also comprises a short thorn (93) fixedly connected to the side surface of the connecting plate (91) close to the upper femur section (1);

the connecting piece (9) also comprises a connecting hook (92) integrally formed on the connecting plate (91);

the side of the connecting plate (91) far away from the upper femur section (1) is provided with at least one placing arc (912).

4. A hip joint prosthesis according to claim 1, wherein: the femoral head also comprises a filling part (8) detachably connected to one side of the femoral upper section (1);

the filling piece (8) comprises a filling piece body (81) and an embedded part (82) which is integrally formed on the filling piece body (81), and an embedded groove (14) for embedding the embedded part (82) is formed in the upper section (1) of the femur.

5. A hip joint prosthesis according to claim 1, wherein: the locking nail (6) penetrates through the distal end (24) of the intramedullary nail;

the locking nail (6) comprises a first part (61), a second part (62) and a third part (63), wherein the outer peripheral surface of the first part (61) and the outer peripheral surface of the third part (63) are both provided with threads; the outer diameter of the thread formed on the outer peripheral surface of the first portion (61) is larger than the outer diameter of the thread formed on the outer peripheral surface of the third portion (63).

6. A hip joint prosthesis according to claim 1, wherein: the outer peripheral surface of the broach far end (24) is processed with an anti-rotation ridge (241) along the extending direction of the broach far end (24);

the end surface of the far end (24) of the broach far away from the near end (23) of the broach is provided with an anti-collision groove (242).

7. A hip joint prosthesis according to claim 1, wherein: the proximal broach end (23) is coaxial with the distal broach end (24).

8. A hip joint prosthesis according to claim 1, wherein: the angle between the axis of the proximal end (23) of the broach and the axis of the distal end (24) is in the range 5-10 deg.