CN113618171A

CN113618171A - Ordinary lathe threading machine imitation machining device and method

Info

Publication number: CN113618171A
Application number: CN202111072542.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邹余耀; 徐�明
Original assignee: Nanjing Sanchao Advanced Materials Co ltd
Current assignee: Nanjing Sanchao Advanced Materials Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-09-14
Filing date: 2021-09-14
Publication date: 2021-11-09

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of machining, and particularly relates to a device and a method for machining a threading-simulated machine of a common lathe. The threading simulation machine processing device of the common lathe comprises a tail shaft, a telescopic sleeve, a thread sleeve assembly and a fastener. The invention is connected with the lathe tailstock through the tail shaft, is assisted by the screw sleeves with different specifications, replaces the manual threading die with the lathe autorotation, finishes the threading of the workpiece through the axial movement of the telescopic sleeve, ensures that the machined part is vertical to the screw sleeve, enlarges the machining range, and can quickly finish machining once the workpiece forms one or two rows of teeth. Compared with manual threading, the threading machine saves time and labor, has a large processing range, can ensure that the threading machine is vertical to a workpiece, and can quickly complete threading once teeth are formed; compared with turning tool machining, the method is labor-saving, has low requirements on turning technology, and can avoid the risk of turning by mistake as long as the thread sleeve is correct; compared with a threading machine, the processing cost is greatly reduced.

Description

Ordinary lathe threading machine imitation machining device and method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of machining, and particularly relates to a device and a method for machining a threading-simulated machine of a common lathe.

Background

The existing external thread processing methods mainly comprise three methods:

firstly, manual threading:

1. as in tap threading, when threading a workpiece with a die, the workpiece material is also deformed by the extrusion and the crest is extruded higher. Thus, the diameter of the round shank before the threading should be slightly smaller than the major diameter (nominal diameter) of the thread. The outer diameter of the round rod is too large, so that the screw die is difficult to sleeve; too small, the thread form of the screw thread is incomplete. The empirical formula for calculating the diameter of the round bar is: the diameter (mm) of the cylindrical rod is equal to the diameter (mm) of the thread big diameter (mm) minus 0.13 times of the thread pitch

2. In order to make the cutting part of the screw die easily align with the center of a workpiece, facilitate cutting into the workpiece and keep the end face of the screw die perpendicular to the axis of the round steel, the end face of the round steel rod is required to be inverted into a taper angle of 15-20 degrees.

3. When the screw thread is sleeved, the round rod is clamped in the vice and needs to be kept basically vertical, and the length of the workpiece extending out of the jaw is as short as possible on the premise of not influencing the required length of the screw thread.

4. When threading, the cutting torque is very large. The workpiece is in a round rod shape, the round rod is not easy to clamp firmly, so the workpiece can be firmly clamped only by using a V-shaped block or a copper plate of a hardwood as a liner, and a threaded part of a round rod sleeve is close to a jaw of the liner as far as possible during lining.

5. The threading die is arranged in the threading die frame and is fastened by a top thread. When threading is started, the end face of the threading die is required to be perpendicular to the central line of the round rod, the center of the threading die is required to be pressed by a palm, pressure is properly applied, and the threading die holder is rotated. After 1-2 circles of cutting, visually checking and correcting the position of the screw die, and stopping pressurizing when 3-4 circles of cutting are performed so as to avoid damaging the thread and the screw die. When the threading die rotates in 1/2-1 turn, the threading die rotates in 1/4 turns to break off the cutting.

Secondly, lathe turning tool processing

1. The requirements for the workpiece before threading:

(1) the major diameter of the thread is as follows: theoretically, the major diameter is equal to the nominal diameter, but the major diameter has a lower deviation and an upper deviation of 0 according to the matching with the nut; therefore, the three-level precision requirement of the thread is met in the machining process. The thread outer diameter is 0.1p smaller than the nominal diameter. External diameter D of thread is 0.1p of nominal diameter

(2) Tool withdrawal grooves: a tool withdrawal groove is arranged at the terminal of the thread before threading so that the lathe tool can withdraw in time.

(3) Chamfering: the thread should be chamfered at the beginning and end of the thread before threading, and the small end diameter of the chamfer is く thread root diameter.

(4) Depth and height of teeth: h1 ═ 0.6p

2. Adjusting the lathe: firstly, the handle is rotated to connect the lead screw, and the position of the handle outside the feeding box is adjusted according to the thread pitch or lead of the workpiece. And adjusting the handles to the proper positions. And starting the lathe, reading the dial below the cutter, and withdrawing the lathe tool rightwards.

3. And (4) closing the opening and closing nut, turning a spiral line on the surface of the workpiece, transversely withdrawing the turning tool, opening the reverse handlebar to withdraw the turning tool to the right end, and stopping to check whether the screw pitch is correct.

4. Cutting is started, and the cutting depth is adjusted by using the dial. In the operation, the turning tool is required to be prepared for tool withdrawal and stopping when the turning tool is finished, the turning tool is withdrawn quickly firstly, and then the turning tool is turned on reversely and retreated to the tool rest. And controlling the cutting depth, wherein t is 0.15-0.3 mm during rough turning, and t is less than 0.05mm during finish turning.

Third, mantle fiber machine processing

1. And selecting a proper die set according to a workpiece, taking down the die head from the sliding frame, loosening the handle nut, and rotating the curve disc to enable the curve disc to reach the position with the maximum scale.

2. The selected die groups are arranged in the die slots one by one according to corresponding sequence numbers, the locking notch of the die groups is matched with the curve disc, then the curve disc is pulled, the scale indicating line on the curve disc is aligned with the graduated scale of the required machined part, the handle nut is screwed, the die is correctly positioned, and the die head is pulled for standby.

3. The variable pitch disk is rotated to the desired specification position, the front and rear chucks are rotated clockwise, the three jaws are released, and the workpiece is loaded from the rear chuck, passed through the front chuck, and extended approximately 100 mm in length. And (3) gripping the workpiece with the right hand, screwing the rear chuck and the front chuck, and then properly hammering the hammering disc in the counterclockwise direction.

4. The cutting knife rest is put down, the handle of the cutting knife is rotated, the opening degree of the knife rest is increased, and the roller of the cutting knife rest can cross over the workpiece. The handle of the sliding frame is rotated to move the cutting knife to the cutting position, and the handle of the cutting knife is rotated to enable the cutting knife to be close to the workpiece. Starting the threading machine, cutting the cutting knife into the workpiece, feeding the cutting knife by about 0.15-0.25 mm when the workpiece rotates one circle, namely, when the main shaft rotates one circle, the handle of the cutting knife rotates about 1/10 turns, moving the sliding frame handle to the right after cutting, retracting the cutting knife, and pulling up the cutting knife rest to reset.

5. When the cutting knife rest is pulled up, the die head is put down to be in contact with the square block and is locked by the lock pin, and after the die head is reliably positioned, the sliding frame handle is rotated to complete the threading. And loosening the trigger, rotating the sliding frame handle, withdrawing the die head, pulling up the die head, and putting down the chamfering frame. And rotating the carriage handle to enable the chamfering device to enter the workpiece for chamfering.

6. And rotating the sliding frame handle, withdrawing the chamfering frame and stopping the machine. The glasses are taken off, the gloves are worn, the chuck and the three claws are rotated, the workpiece is taken down, and the chamfering frame, the cutting knife and the die head are reset.

The defects and shortcomings of the prior art are as follows:

firstly, manual threading: the machining quality is difficult to guarantee, the dependence on human operation is high, and once the workpiece is not sleeved vertically, the tooth depth is possibly different, and even the workpiece is broken to cause scrapping; moreover, the processing range is small, and certain large-size workpieces cannot be manually threaded.

Secondly, turning a lathe tool for processing: like manual threading, this method is highly dependent on human operation.

Thirdly, processing the mantle fiber by a machine: without the general limitations of the above two methods, the cost of the threading machine is high.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide the processing device of the imitation threading machine of the common lathe, which has the advantages of low cost, worry saving and labor saving, capability of avoiding the risk of wrong turning and large processing range.

In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

imitative mantle fiber machine tooling device of center lathe includes:

the tail shaft is provided with a first connecting part and a second connecting part which are coaxially arranged, wherein the first connecting part is conical, has a taper matched with the lathe tailstock and is used for connecting the lathe tailstock; the second connecting part is columnar;

the telescopic sleeve is sleeved on the second connecting part of the tail shaft, and can telescopically slide relative to the second connecting part along the axial direction but cannot rotate;

the screw sleeve assembly is detachably arranged in the telescopic sleeve and is used for threading a workpiece;

and the fastener is used for locking the thread sleeve assembly with the telescopic sleeve.

Preferably, the thread bushing assembly comprises a spacer bushing and a thread bushing fixedly installed in the spacer bushing.

Preferably, the telescopic sleeve comprises a guide part and an annular locking part, and the guide part is matched with the second connecting part of the tail shaft to slide.

Preferably, the annular locking portion is provided with a threaded hole for the fastener to pass through.

As a preferred technical scheme, the second connecting portion of tail-shaft is cylindric, be equipped with the constant head tank on the peripheral face of second connecting portion, seted up spacing slot hole on the guide part of telescope tube, be equipped with one end in the spacing slot hole and insert the locating pin in the constant head tank.

As another preferable technical solution, the second connecting portion of the tail shaft is prism-shaped, and the inner hole of the guiding portion of the telescopic sleeve is matched with the shape of the second connecting portion.

The invention also provides a threading method adopting the plain lathe threading machine imitating machining device, which comprises the following steps:

s1, selecting a wire sleeve assembly according to the threading specification requirement, fixedly installing the selected wire sleeve assembly in the telescopic sleeve, and sleeving the telescopic sleeve on the second connecting part of the tail shaft to ensure that the telescopic sleeve can telescopically slide relative to the second connecting part along the axial direction but cannot rotate;

s2, tightly fitting and fixing the first connecting part of the tail shaft and the lathe tailstock through taper;

s3, the lathe spindle drives the workpiece to rotate to enter the screw sleeve assembly, the screw sleeve assembly drives the telescopic sleeve to automatically move forward to sleeve the screw, after the thread length reaches the size, the lathe is turned on and reversely rotated, the workpiece and the screw sleeve assembly are slowly turned off until the workpiece and the screw sleeve assembly are completely withdrawn, and then the screw sleeve operation is completed.

Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects: the tail shaft is connected with the lathe tail seat, the thread sleeves with different specifications are used, the lathe self-rotation replaces a manual threading die, the telescopic sleeve moves along the axial direction to complete the threading of the workpiece, one part is ensured to be perpendicular to the thread sleeves, the machining range is expanded, once the workpiece forms one or two rows of teeth, the quick machining can be completed, and the time, the labor and the worry are saved.

Compared with manual threading, the threading machine saves time and labor, has a large processing range, can ensure that the threading machine is vertical to a workpiece, and can quickly complete threading once teeth are formed.

Compared with turning tool machining, the method saves worry, has lower technical requirements on turning tools, and can avoid the risk of turning by mistake as long as the thread sleeve is correct.

Compared with the threading machine, the cost is saved, and the cost for purchasing the threading machine far exceeds the manufacturing cost.

Drawings

The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating and explaining the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Wherein:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an assembly structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a tail shaft according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a telescopic sleeve according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the guiding portion of the telescopic sleeve matching with the second connecting portion of the tail shaft according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated below with reference to the figures and examples. In the following detailed description, certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described by way of illustration only. Needless to say, a person skilled in the art realizes that the described embodiments can be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are illustrative in nature and not intended to limit the scope of the claims.

Example one

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the conventional lathe threading machine includes a tail shaft 10, a telescopic sleeve 20, a thread sleeve assembly 30 and a fastener 40, wherein:

the tail shaft 10 is provided with a first connecting part 11 and a second connecting part 12 which are coaxially arranged, wherein the first connecting part 11 is conical, has a taper matched with a lathe tailstock, and is fixedly connected with the lathe tailstock; the second connecting part 12 is columnar; in this embodiment, the second connecting portion 12 has a cylindrical structure;

the telescopic sleeve 20 is sleeved on the second connecting part 12 of the tail shaft 10, and the telescopic sleeve 20 can slide in an axial telescopic manner relative to the second connecting part 12 but cannot rotate; the telescopic sleeve 20 comprises a guide part 21 and an annular locking part 22, and the guide part 21 is matched with the second connecting part 12 of the tail shaft 10 to slide; in order to achieve the above functional effects, in this embodiment, a positioning groove 121 is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the second connecting portion 12 of the tail shaft 10, a long limiting hole 212 is disposed on the cylindrical guide portion 21 of the telescopic sleeve 20, and a positioning pin 50 with one end inserted into the positioning groove 121 is disposed in the long limiting hole 212;

the screw sleeve assembly 30 is detachably mounted in the telescopic sleeve 20, the screw sleeve assembly 30 comprises a spacer sleeve 31 and a screw sleeve 32 fixedly mounted in the spacer sleeve 31, and the screw sleeve 32 has the same structure as a round die and is used for threading a workpiece; according to the threading specification, the thread sleeve components with different specifications can be selected;

the fastening member 40 is used for fastening the thread bushing assembly 30 to the telescopic sleeve 20, the fastening member 40 may be a high-strength bolt, a threaded hole 221 for the fastening member 40 to pass through is formed in the annular locking portion 22 of the telescopic sleeve 20, the thread bushing assembly 30 may be fastened in the telescopic sleeve 20 or detached from the telescopic sleeve for replacement by screwing or loosening the bolt, and the processing range is large.

The threading method comprises the following steps:

s1, selecting a screw sleeve assembly 30 according to the threading specification requirement, fixedly installing the selected screw sleeve assembly 30 in the telescopic sleeve 20, and sleeving the telescopic sleeve 20 on the second connecting part 12 of the tail shaft 10 to ensure that the telescopic sleeve 20 can telescopically slide relative to the second connecting part 12 along the axial direction but cannot rotate;

s2, tightly fitting and fixing the first connecting part 11 of the tail shaft 10 and the lathe tailstock through taper;

s3, the lathe spindle drives the workpiece to rotate to enter the screw sleeve assembly 30, the screw sleeve assembly 30 drives the telescopic sleeve 20 to automatically move forward to perform threading under the action of the threads, the lathe is turned over when the length of the threads reaches the size, the workpiece and the screw sleeve 32 are slowly unscrewed until the workpiece and the screw sleeve are completely withdrawn, and then the threading work is completed.

Example two

Referring to fig. 6, the structure principle of this embodiment is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, and the only difference is that: the second connecting portion 12 of the tail shaft 10 is prism-shaped, such as hexagonal prism-shaped, and accordingly, the cross section of the inner hole of the guiding portion 21 of the telescopic sleeve 20 is also hexagonal to match the shape of the second connecting portion 12, so that the telescopic sleeve 20 can slide telescopically in the axial direction but cannot rotate relative to the second connecting portion 12 without the need of the limiting structures such as the positioning pin and the limiting long hole in the first embodiment. Of course, the second connection portion 12 of the tail shaft 10 may be another prism, etc., which all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In conclusion, the lathe tailstock is connected with the tailstock of the lathe through the tail shaft, the screw sleeves with different specifications are used, the lathe self-rotation replaces manual threading, the telescopic sleeve moves along the axial direction to complete the threading of the workpiece, one part is guaranteed to be perpendicular to the screw sleeves, the machining range is expanded, and once the workpiece forms one row of teeth and two rows of teeth, the workpiece can be quickly machined.

Compared with manual threading, the threading machine saves time and labor, has a large processing range, can ensure that the threading machine is vertical to a workpiece, and can quickly complete threading once teeth are formed; compared with turning tool machining, the method is labor-saving, has low requirements on turning technology, and can avoid the risk of turning by mistake as long as the thread sleeve is correct; compared with the threading machine, the cost is saved, and the cost for purchasing the threading machine far exceeds the manufacturing cost. The innovative method is suitable for wide popularization and application.

The above description is only an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications that can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention shall fall within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. Imitative mantle fiber machine tooling device of center lathe, its characterized in that includes:

2. The lathe threading machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the thread bushing assembly comprises a spacer bushing and a thread bushing fixedly arranged in the spacer bushing.

3. The lathe threading machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the telescopic sleeve comprises a guide part and an annular locking part, and the guide part is matched with the second connecting part of the tail shaft to slide.

4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein: and the annular locking part is provided with a threaded hole for the fastener to pass through.

5. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein: the second connecting portion of tailshaft are cylindric, be equipped with the constant head tank on the outer peripheral face of second connecting portion, spacing slot hole has been seted up on the guide part of telescope tube, be equipped with one end in the spacing slot hole and insert the locating pin in the constant head tank.

6. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein: the second connecting portion of tailshaft is prismatic, the shape looks adaptation of the guide part hole and the second connecting portion of telescopic sleeve.

7. The threading method using the lathe threading machine simulation machining apparatus of claim 1, characterized by comprising the steps of: