CN113604174B - 一种pvb胶片及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
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- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
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- 229940123457 Free radical scavenger Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
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- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- JKIJEFPNVSHHEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol, 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-, phosphite (3:1) Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1OP(OC=1C(=CC(=CC=1)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)OC1=CC=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C1C(C)(C)C JKIJEFPNVSHHEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- JXUKBNICSRJFAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCOCC1CO1 JXUKBNICSRJFAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- MUGSTXRSLGJVOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[2-(6-methylheptanoyloxy)ethoxy]ethoxy]ethyl 6-methylheptanoate Chemical group C(CCCCC(C)C)(=O)OCCOCCOCCOC(CCCCC(C)C)=O MUGSTXRSLGJVOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BGYHLZZASRKEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxy]-2,2-bis[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxymethyl]propyl] 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC(CCC(=O)OCC(COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)(COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)=C1 BGYHLZZASRKEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- WPRMJBJYCFNTKE-UHFFFAOYSA-L (3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl-ethoxyphosphinate;nickel(2+) Chemical group [Ni+2].CCOP([O-])(=O)CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1.CCOP([O-])(=O)CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 WPRMJBJYCFNTKE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- WBSRIXCTCFFHEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl-ethoxyphosphinic acid Chemical compound CCOP(O)(=O)CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 WBSRIXCTCFFHEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- DQZNLOXENNXVAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[2-(7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-4-yl)ethyl]silane Chemical compound C1C(CC[Si](OC)(OC)OC)CCC2OC21 DQZNLOXENNXVAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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- RPGCQRYGRLCEAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[2-[2-(6-methylheptanoyloxy)ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethyl 6-methylheptanoate Chemical compound C(CCCCC(C)C)(=O)OCCOCCOCCOCCOC(CCCCC(C)C)=O RPGCQRYGRLCEAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- LVHHWVSYKBDVEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-heptanoyloxyethoxy)ethyl heptanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCC(=O)OCCOCCOC(=O)CCCCCC LVHHWVSYKBDVEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GCDUWJFWXVRGSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-heptanoyloxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethyl heptanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCC(=O)OCCOCCOCCOC(=O)CCCCCC GCDUWJFWXVRGSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TWISUSVXOIDKJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-hydroxy-5-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl)phenyl]sulfanyl-4-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl)phenol;nickel Chemical compound [Ni].CC(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C(SC=2C(=CC=C(C=2)C(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C)O)=C1 TWISUSVXOIDKJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYGXAGIECVVIOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dibutyl decanedioate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCCC PYGXAGIECVVIOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OJXOOFXUHZAXLO-UHFFFAOYSA-M magnesium;1-bromo-3-methanidylbenzene;bromide Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Br-].[CH2-]C1=CC=CC(Br)=C1 OJXOOFXUHZAXLO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J129/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Adhesives based on hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J129/14—Homopolymers or copolymers of acetals or ketals obtained by polymerisation of unsaturated acetals or ketals or by after-treatment of polymers of unsaturated alcohols
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C27/00—Joining pieces of glass to pieces of other inorganic material; Joining glass to glass other than by fusing
- C03C27/06—Joining glass to glass by processes other than fusing
- C03C27/10—Joining glass to glass by processes other than fusing with the aid of adhesive specially adapted for that purpose
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
- C09J11/02—Non-macromolecular additives
- C09J11/06—Non-macromolecular additives organic
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- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种PVB胶片及其制备方法和应用。这种PVB胶片包括以下组分:PVB树脂、增塑剂、抗氧剂、淬灭剂、自由基捕获剂。本发明制备的PVB胶片,对玻璃具有良好的粘结力,紫外线透过率高、透光率高,在不吸收紫外线的情况下耐老化能力强。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及聚乙烯醇缩丁醛(PVB)材料技术领域,特别涉及一种PVB胶片及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
近年来,随着建筑和汽车产业的快速发展,PVB胶片又称为PVB薄膜或PVB中间膜。它是当今世界制造夹层安全玻璃的最佳材料。PVB胶片由PVB树脂制成,树脂无毒、无臭、无腐蚀性、不容易燃烧,具有良好的透光性、绝缘性、耐候性、耐磨、耐水、耐油、耐老化作用,对无机和有机玻璃有特殊的粘结性和透光性能。因此,具有高强度耐湿性PVB胶片可广泛应用于汽车、建筑、各种防弹玻璃、飞行航天器、军事仪器、太阳能电池,工业用复合减震钢板等,市场前景广泛。
市面上大部分PVB夹层玻璃对紫外线有吸收阻隔作用,以防止夹层玻璃的老化。但紫外线对植物非常重要,长紫外线对植物的生长有刺激作用,可以增加作物产量,促进蛋白质、糖、酸类的合成;用长紫外线照射种子,可以提高种子的发芽,短紫外线对植物的生长有抑制作用,可以防止植物徒长,有消毒杀菌的作用,可以减少植物病害。所以在某些场合如室内种植、温室养殖场等需要可以透过紫外线的夹层玻璃,而不能使用高阻隔紫外线的玻璃作为建筑玻璃。
现阶段大部分PVB胶片配方中均添加紫外线吸收剂,以防止紫外线引起PVB胶片老化发黄。紫外线是导致胶片老化分解发黄的主要因素,所以一般PVB生产中均会添加紫外线吸收剂,吸收透过PVB胶片的紫外线,防止PVB胶片老化,提高PVB胶片的寿命。但添加紫外线吸收剂会大幅度降低紫外线的透过率,无法达到高透紫外线的效果,所以要得到高透紫外线(UV)胶片就必须解决紫外线透过胶片后给胶片带来的负面影响。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术高透UV胶片存在紫外线透过胶片出现老化的问题,本发明的目的之一在于提供一种PVB胶片,在高透率情况下耐老化能力强,本发明的目的之二在于提供这种PVB胶片的制备方法,本发明的目的之三在于提供这种PVB胶片的应用。
为了实现上述目的,本发明所采取的技术方案是:
一种PVB胶片,包括以下组分:PVB树脂、增塑剂、抗氧剂、淬灭剂、自由基捕获剂。
优选的,这种PVB胶片包括以下质量份的组分:PVB树脂65-72份、增塑剂28-35份、抗氧剂0.05-0.3份、淬灭剂0.01-0.1份、自由基捕获剂0.05-0.5份。
优选的,这种PVB胶片还包括0.001-0.05质量份的硅烷偶联剂。
优选的,这种PVB胶片中,PVB树脂的参数如下:羟基含量为17-20wt%;在20℃下的粘度为200-300cp;在测试温度140℃负荷21.6kg条件下PVB树脂的熔融指数为0.8-1.2g/10min。
优选的,这种PVB胶片中,增塑剂为三甘醇二异辛酸酯(3GO)、三甘醇二正庚酸酯、四甘醇二异辛酸酯、癸二酸二丁酯、己二酸二己酯、双季戊四醇酯中的至少一种;进一步优选的,增塑剂为三甘醇二异辛酸酯(3GO)、甘醇二正庚酸酯、四甘醇二异辛酸酯中的至少一种;再进一步优选的,增塑剂为三甘醇二异辛酸酯(3GO)。
优选的,这种PVB胶片中,抗氧剂为受阻酚类抗氧剂和亚磷酸酯类抗氧剂的混合物;进一步优选的,这种PVB胶片的抗氧剂中,受阻酚类抗氧剂与亚磷酸酯类抗氧剂的质量比为1:(0.5-2);再进一步优选的,受阻酚类抗氧剂与亚磷酸酯类抗氧剂的质量比为1:(0.8-1);主抗氧剂(受阻酚类抗氧剂)和辅助抗氧剂(亚磷酸酯类抗氧剂)具有很好的协同效应,可以有效地防止PVB在挤出过程中的热降解,给PVB胶片额外的长效保护。
优选的,这种PVB胶片的抗氧剂中,受阻酚类抗氧剂选自抗氧剂1010、1024、1076、1098中的至少一种;亚磷酸酯类抗氧剂选自抗氧剂168、626中的至少一种。
在本发明一些优选的具体实施方式中,抗氧剂选用为抗氧剂1010(四[β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸]季戊四醇酯)和抗氧剂168(三[2.4-二叔丁基苯基]亚磷酸酯)的混合物;抗氧剂1010和抗氧剂168的质量百分比优选为1:1。
优选的,这种PVB胶片中,淬灭剂为金属络合物;进一步优选的,淬灭剂为镍有机络合物、钴有机络合物、铁有机络合物中的至少一种;再进一步优选的,淬灭剂为镍有机络合物;更进一步优选的,淬灭剂为光稳定剂2002(双(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基磷酸单乙酯)镍)、淬灭剂AM-101(2,2'-硫代双(4-叔丁基酚氧基)镍)、紫外吸收剂UV-1084(2,2'-硫代双(对叔辛基苯酚)镍)中的至少一种。
优选的,这种PVB胶片中,自由基捕获剂为受阻胺类有机物;进一步优选的,自由基捕获剂为光稳定剂770、740、622、GW-540、GW-944Z、PDS中的至少一种;再进一步优选的,自由基捕获剂为光稳定剂770、740中的至少一种。
优选的,这种PVB胶片中,硅烷偶联剂为γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三乙氧基硅烷(A-187)、β-(3,4,环氧环已基)-乙基三甲氧基硅烷(A-186)中的至少一种;进一步优选的,硅烷偶联剂为γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三乙氧基硅烷(A-187)、β-(3,4,环氧环已基)-乙基三甲氧基硅烷(A-186)的混合物;再进一步优选的,硅烷偶联剂为γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三乙氧基硅烷、β-(3,4,环氧环已基)-乙基三甲氧基硅烷按质量比1:(1-3)的混合物。
本发明还提供了上述PVB胶片的制备方法,该制备方法包括以下步骤:
1)将除硅烷偶联剂、PVB树脂外的其他组分进行混合,加热,加入硅烷偶联剂,得到增塑剂混合料;
2)将PVB树脂和步骤1)增塑剂混合料混炼挤出、熔融塑化、得到PVB胶片。
优选的,这种PVB胶片的制备方法步骤1)中,加热的温度为60-80℃;进一步优选的,加热的温度为70℃。
优选的,这种PVB胶片的制备方法步骤2)中,熔融塑化的温度为160-200℃。
优选的,这种PVB胶片的制备方法步骤2)中,熔融塑化在双螺杆挤出机中进行;进一步优选的,双螺杆挤出机转速为80-100rpm;再进一步优选的,双螺杆挤出机转速为90rpm。
优选的,这种PVB胶片的制备方法步骤2)中,熔融塑化后通过模具成型,进一步优选的,模具的开口为0.3-0.8mm。
本发明还提供了上述PVB胶片在制备夹层玻璃中的应用。
本发明的有益效果是:
(1)本发明制备的PVB胶片,对玻璃具有良好的粘结力,紫外线透过率达80%以上,透光率高、雾度小,并且在不吸收紫外线的情况下耐老化能力强。在耐辐照、辐照黄变值检测和敲击级别及力学检测中均符合GB15763.3-2009,具有优异的紫外线透过性;本发明提供的制备方法简单,适用于工业化推广应用,可大批量生产并广泛用于室内种植、室内养殖等,应用于室内种植时,高透紫外线能有效提高植物生长,应用于室内养殖时,可抑制细菌生长,为养殖场动物提供健康的生长环境,具有显著的经济和社会效益。
(2)自由基捕获剂和淬灭剂与抗氧剂一起使用具有很好的协同效应,PVB胶片的光稳定和热氧稳定效能高,可以有效地防止PVB在挤出的过程中热降解,给PVB胶片额外的长效保护,即使在没有紫外线吸收剂的条件下,依然可以达到良好的耐老化作用。
(3)本申请淬灭剂区别于紫外线吸收剂,它并不强烈吸收紫外线,而是通过分子间的能量转移,迅速而有效地将激发态分子淬灭,转变成热能,回到基态;自由基捕获剂能捕获因光氧化产生的自由基,抑制光氧化链式反应的进行,使PVB分子免遭紫外线的破坏。将淬灭剂与自由基捕获剂两者结合使用,协同作用,可以有效防止紫外线对PVB分子的破坏,使PVB胶片具有良好的紫外线透过性的同时,还可以防止PVB胶片在紫外线的照射下老化分解。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体的实施例对本发明的内容作进一步详细的说明。实施例和对比例中所用的原料、试剂或装置如无特殊说明,均可从常规商业途径得到,或者可以通过现有技术方法得到。除非特别说明,试验或测试方法均为本领域的常规方法。
实施例1
具体步骤如下:
1)增塑剂混配:将自由基捕获剂、抗氧剂和淬灭剂溶解在增塑剂中;将20g 770、10g 1010、10g168、5g双(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基磷酸单乙酯)镍溶于2.4kg三甘醇二异辛酸脂(增塑剂)中,加热溶解的温度为70℃,待完全溶解后加入3g硅烷偶联剂搅拌均匀,保温60min备用。
2)将PVB树脂粉和步骤1)配好的增塑剂按质量比71:29混炼挤出,加工,熔融塑化,通过模具,制成PVB胶片,冷却定型,得到成品。
实施例2
具体步骤如下:
1)增塑剂混配:将自由基捕获剂、抗氧剂和淬灭剂溶解在增塑剂中;将20g 770、10g 1010、10g168、5g 2,2’-硫代双(4-叔丁基酚氧基)镍溶于2.4kg三甘醇二异辛酸脂(增塑剂)中,加热溶解的温度为70℃,待完全溶解后加入3g硅烷偶联剂搅拌均匀,保温60min备用。
2)将PVB树脂粉和步骤1)配好的增塑剂按质量比71:29混炼挤出,加工,熔融塑化,通过模具,制成PVB胶片,冷却定型,得到成品。
实施例3
具体步骤如下:
1)增塑剂混配:将自由基捕获剂、抗氧剂和淬灭剂溶解在增塑剂中;将20g GW-540、10g 1010、10g168、5g 2,2’-硫代双(4-叔丁基酚氧基)镍溶于2.4kg三甘醇二异辛酸脂(增塑剂)中,加热溶解的温度为70℃,待完全溶解后加入3g硅烷偶联剂搅拌均匀,保温60min备用。
2)将PVB树脂粉和步骤1)配好的增塑剂按质量比71:29混炼挤出,加工,熔融塑化,通过模具,制成PVB胶片,冷却定型,得到成品。
对比例1
具体步骤如下:
1)增塑剂混配:将淬灭剂和抗氧剂溶解在增塑剂中,将5g双(3,5,二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基磷酸单乙酯)镍、10g 1010、10g168溶于2.4kg三甘醇二异辛酸脂(增塑剂)中,加热溶解的温度为70℃,待完全溶解后加入3g硅烷偶联剂搅拌均匀,保温60min备用。
2)将PVB树脂粉和步骤1)配好的增塑剂按质量比72:28混炼挤出,加工,熔融塑化,通过模具,制成PVB胶片,冷却定型,得到成品。
对比例2
具体步骤如下:
1)增塑剂混配:将自由基捕获剂和抗氧剂溶解在增塑剂中,将20g 770、10g 1010、10g168溶于2.4kg三甘醇二异辛酸脂(增塑剂)中,加热溶解的温度为70℃,待完全溶解后加入3g硅烷偶联剂搅拌均匀,保温60min备用。
2)将PVB树脂粉和步骤1)配好的增塑剂按质量比72:28混炼挤出,加工,熔融塑化,通过模具,制成PVB胶片,冷却定型,得到成品。
对比例3
具体步骤如下:
1)增塑剂混配:将紫外线吸收剂UV-326和抗氧剂溶解在增塑剂中,将20g UV-326、10g 1010、10g168溶于2.4kg三甘醇二异辛酸脂(增塑剂)中,加热溶解的温度为70℃,待完全溶解后加入3g硅烷偶联剂搅拌均匀,保温60min备用。
2)将PVB树脂粉和步骤1)配好的增塑剂按质量比72:28混炼挤出,加工,熔融塑化,通过模具,制成PVB胶片,冷却定型,得到成品。
对比例4
具体步骤如下:
1)增塑剂混配:将抗氧剂溶解在增塑剂中,将10g 1010、10g168溶于2.4kg三甘醇二异辛酸脂(增塑剂)中,加热溶解的温度为70℃,待完全溶解后加入3g硅烷偶联剂搅拌均匀,保温60min备用。
2)将PVB树脂粉和步骤1)配好的增塑剂按质量比72:28混炼挤出,加工,熔融塑化,通过模具,制成PVB胶片,冷却定型,得到成品。
对上述实施例1-3及对比例1-4制得的样品进行紫外线透过率、透光率和耐辐照测试。
(1)紫外线透过率测试方法
检测仪器:太阳膜测试仪(linshang LS1802)
测试方法:在成品胶片中,取均匀度平均的100mm×100mm胶片,合成夹层玻璃,用太阳膜测试仪直接测夹层玻璃对峰值365nm紫外线的透过率。
(2)透光率测试方法
通过透光率/雾度仪直接测定夹层玻璃的透光率。
(3)耐辐照测试方法
检测仪器:耐辐照试验机;透射比测定仪。
检测方法:首先测定三块76×300mm试验片的可见光透射比,保护每块试样的一部分,使其免于辐照,然后置试样于离灯轴230mm处的装置上,并使其长度方向上与灯轴平行。在整个试验中保持试样温度45±5℃。辐照后再测定每块试样辐照区的透射比比值,并在白色背景下观察样板的外观变化。
具体测试结果如下表1所示。
表1实施例与对比例测试结果
通过表1可知,当PVB胶片中同时添加淬灭剂和自由基捕获剂时,PVB胶片有较好的耐老化性能,同时拥有较高的紫外线透过率,本发明制备的PVB胶片透光率>89%、紫外线透过率>80%。实施例1-3与对比例4比较,紫外线透过率没有明显的变化,说明淬灭剂和自由基捕获剂的加入对紫外线没有吸收屏蔽作用。
上述详细说明是针对本发明其中之一可行实施例的具体说明,该实施例并非用以限制本发明的专利范围,凡未脱离本发明的等效实施或变更,均应包含于本发明技术方案的范围内。
Claims (4)
1.一种PVB胶片,其特征在于,所述PVB胶片是由以下质量份的组分组成:PVB树脂65-72份、增塑剂28-35份、抗氧剂0.05-0.3份、淬灭剂0.01-0.1份、自由基捕获剂0.05-0.5份;0.001-0.05质量份的硅烷偶联剂;
所述抗氧剂为受阻酚类抗氧剂1010和亚磷酸酯类抗氧剂168的混合物;所述受阻酚类抗氧剂1010与亚磷酸酯类抗氧剂168的质量比为1:1;
所述淬灭剂为光稳定剂2002(双(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基膦酸单乙酯)镍)或淬灭剂AM-101;
所述自由基捕获剂为光稳定剂770、740、GW-540中的至少一种;
所述增塑剂为三甘醇二异辛酸酯。
2.根据权利要求1所述的PVB胶片,其特征在于,所述硅烷偶联剂为γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三乙氧基硅烷、β-(3,4-环氧环己基)-乙基三甲氧基硅烷中的至少一种。
3.权利要求1或2所述PVB胶片的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1)将除硅烷偶联剂、PVB树脂外的其他组分进行混合,加热至60~80℃,待完全溶解后,加入硅烷偶联剂,得到增塑剂混合料;
2)将PVB树脂和步骤1)增塑剂混合料加入双螺杆挤出机进行混炼挤出、熔融塑化,得到PVB胶片。
4.权利要求1或2所述PVB胶片在制备夹层玻璃中的应用。
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