CN113555679B - Antenna unit and electronic device - Google Patents
Antenna unit and electronic device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113555679B CN113555679B CN202110796965.6A CN202110796965A CN113555679B CN 113555679 B CN113555679 B CN 113555679B CN 202110796965 A CN202110796965 A CN 202110796965A CN 113555679 B CN113555679 B CN 113555679B
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- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
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- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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Abstract
The application relates to an antenna unit and electronic equipment. The radiation structure is provided with a first gap unit, a second gap unit and a third gap unit which are spaced apart, the first gap unit comprises a first gap and a second gap which are arranged at intervals, the first gap extends to a first end part, the second gap extends to a second end part, the second gap unit and the third gap unit are respectively arranged at two sides of the first gap and extend to the first end part, and the first end part and the second end part are two end parts which are parallel to the radiation structure. The first gap unit, the second gap unit and the third gap unit form an open gap, the effective path of feed current on the radiation structure is increased, at least two resonant frequencies with lower adjustable frequencies are generated, the radiation characteristic of the antenna unit is improved, the volume of the antenna unit can be effectively reduced, and meanwhile, the antenna unit has the characteristic of low sensitivity to the ground and is easier to apply to mobile communication equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of antenna technologies, and in particular, to an antenna unit and an electronic device.
Background
Antennas mainly play a role in transmitting or receiving electromagnetic waves in radio equipment and are an indispensable part of radio technical equipment. However, the problems of large volume and large adjustable frequency ratio of the antenna unit still exist at present, which limits the use of the antenna.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides an antenna unit and electronic equipment, which can reduce the adjustable frequency ratio, widen the frequency band and reduce the volume.
An antenna unit, comprising:
a dielectric substrate having a first side and a second side disposed opposite each other;
the radiation structure is positioned on the first side of the dielectric substrate and provided with a first gap unit, a second gap unit and a third gap unit which are spaced apart from each other, the first gap unit comprises a first gap and a second gap which are arranged at intervals, the first gap extends to a first end part, the second gap extends to a second end part, the first end part and the second end part are two end parts parallel to the radiation structure, and the second gap unit and the third gap unit are respectively arranged on two sides of the first gap and extend to the first end part;
and the feed structure is positioned on the second side of the dielectric substrate, penetrates through the dielectric substrate and is connected with the radiation structure, and is used for feeding the radiation structure.
In addition, there is also provided an electronic apparatus including: the antenna unit comprises a shell and the antenna unit, wherein the antenna unit is accommodated in the shell.
The antenna unit and the electronic equipment comprise a dielectric substrate, a radiation structure and a feed structure. The radiation structure is provided with a first gap unit, a second gap unit and a third gap unit which are spaced apart, the first gap unit comprises a first gap and a second gap which are arranged at intervals, the first gap extends to a first end part, the second gap extends to a second end part, the first end part and the second end part are two end parts parallel to the radiation structure, and the second gap unit and the third gap unit are respectively arranged at two sides of the first gap and extend to the first end part. The first gap unit, the second gap unit and the third gap unit form an open gap, which can play a role of coupling to influence the transmission condition of electromagnetic waves, and meanwhile, as the effective paths of feed currents on the radiation structure of the first gap unit, the second gap unit and the third gap unit are increased, at least two resonant frequencies with lower adjustable frequencies can be generated, so that the radiation characteristic of the antenna unit is improved; in addition, due to the arrangement of the gaps, the size of the antenna unit can be effectively reduced, and meanwhile, the antenna unit has the characteristic of low sensitivity to the ground and is more easily applied to mobile communication equipment.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an electronic device in one embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an antenna unit according to an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an antenna unit according to an embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an antenna unit according to an embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an antenna unit according to an embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an antenna unit according to an embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an antenna unit according to an embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an antenna unit according to an embodiment;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an antenna unit according to an embodiment;
FIG. 10 is a graph showing the variation of port scattering parameters of an antenna unit with frequency according to an embodiment;
FIG. 11 is a far field radiation pattern at the 6.5GHz frequency point of an antenna element in an embodiment;
FIG. 12 is a far field radiation pattern at the 8GHz frequency point of an antenna element in one embodiment;
fig. 13 is a front view of a housing assembly of the electronic device of fig. 1 in another embodiment.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the application.
It will be understood that the terms first, second, etc. as used herein may be used to describe various elements, but these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another element and should not be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present.
The antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application is applied to an electronic device, and in an embodiment, the electronic device may be a communication module including a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a palm computer, a mobile internet device (Mobile Internet Device, MID), a wearable device (e.g. a smart watch, a smart bracelet, a pedometer, etc.), or other antenna unit. Alternatively, the antenna unit may be a UWB antenna, so that the electronic device may have a tag locating function and an angle measuring function.
In an embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 1, an electronic device 10 may include a display screen assembly 110, a housing assembly 120, and a controller. The display screen assembly 110 is fixed to the housing assembly 120, and forms an external structure of the electronic device together with the housing assembly 120. The housing assembly 120 may include a center frame and a rear cover. The middle frame may be a frame structure having a through hole. The middle frame can be accommodated in an accommodating space formed by the display screen assembly and the rear cover. The rear cover is used to form an outer contour of the electronic device. The rear cover may be integrally formed. In the forming process of the rear cover, a rear camera hole, a fingerprint identification module, an antenna unit mounting hole and other structures can be formed on the rear cover. The rear cover may be a non-metal rear cover, for example, a plastic rear cover, a ceramic rear cover, a 3D glass rear cover, or the like. The controller is capable of controlling the operation of the electronic device, etc. The display screen assembly may be used to display a picture or font and may be capable of providing an operator interface for a user.
In some embodiments, an antenna unit is integrated within the housing assembly 120, the antenna unit being capable of transmitting and receiving electromagnetic waves through the housing assembly 120.
As shown in fig. 2, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna unit 200, where the antenna unit 200 includes a dielectric substrate 210, a radiating structure 220, and a feeding structure.
In this embodiment, the dielectric substrate 210 has a first side and a second side disposed opposite to each other. The first side may be used to provide the radiating structure 220 and the second side may be used to provide a feeding structure that is connected to the radiating structure 220 through the dielectric substrate 210 to feed the radiating structure 220. In some embodiments, the dielectric substrate 210 may be made of a material with a low dielectric constant, which is advantageous for increasing the antenna bandwidth. For example, the dielectric substrate 210 may be made of a rogers PCB material with a relative dielectric constant of 3.48.
In this embodiment, the radiation structure 220 is located on the first side of the dielectric substrate 210, and the radiation structure 220 is provided with a first slit unit 221, a second slit unit 222 and a third slit unit 223 that are spaced apart from each other. The first slit unit 221 includes a first slit 310 and a second slit 320 disposed at intervals, the first slit 310 extends to a first end, the second slit 320 extends to a second end, the first end and the second end are two ends parallel to the radiation structure 220, and the second slit unit 222 and the third slit unit 223 are disposed at two sides of the first slit 310 and each extend to the first end.
The radiation structure 220 is used for generating feeding current under the feeding of the feeding structure to realize the receiving and transmitting of electromagnetic wave signals. The material of the radiation structure 220 may be a conductive material, such as a metal material, an alloy material, a conductive silica gel material, a graphite material, indium tin oxide, etc., and may also be a material having a high dielectric constant, such as glass, plastic, ceramic, etc. having a high dielectric constant. The radiation structure 220 is not limited in that the radiation structure 220 has two first and second ends parallel to each other, and may be rectangular, for example. In some embodiments, the radiating structure 220 has an area smaller than the area of the dielectric substrate 210, and the radiating structure 220 is located in a central region of the dielectric substrate 210.
The first slot unit 221 includes a first slot 310 and a second slot 320 that are disposed at intervals, the first slot 310 extends to a first end, the second slot 320 extends to a second end, the first end and the second end are two ends parallel to the radiation structure 220, and the second slot unit 222 and the third slot unit 223 are respectively disposed at two sides of the first slot 310 and extend to the first end, so that the first slot 310, the second slot 320, the second slot unit 222 and the third slot unit 223 all form an open slot, which can play a role of coupling, and influence the transmission condition of electromagnetic waves; meanwhile, the radiation structure 220 is provided with a gap, so that the radiation structure has the characteristic of low sensitivity to the ground, and can be applied to mobile communication equipment.
Due to the arrangement of the first slot 310, the second slot 320, the second slot unit 222 and the third slot unit 223, the distribution of the feeding current on the radiation structure 220 is changed, the feeding current flows along the edges of the first slot 310, the second slot 320, the second slot unit 222 and the third slot unit 223, the effective path of the feeding current is increased, at least two resonant frequencies with lower adjustable frequencies can be generated, and therefore the radiation characteristic of the antenna unit 200 is improved, and due to the arrangement of the slots, the area of the radiation structure 220 can be reduced, and therefore the volume of the antenna unit 200 is effectively reduced. The frequency ratio is a ratio between a larger resonance frequency and a smaller resonance frequency.
In some embodiments, the first slit 310 and the second slit 320 are located on a centerline of the radiating structure 220, the centerline being parallel to the direction of the first end toward the second end; the second slit unit 222 and the third slit unit 223 are symmetrically disposed about the center line, so that the feeding current formed on the surface of the radiation structure 220 is symmetrically distributed about the center line, which is beneficial to the radiation symmetry and improves the pattern symmetry.
In some embodiments, the first slit 310 and the second slit 320 are symmetrically disposed about a midpoint of the center line, so that the feeding current formed on the surface of the radiation structure 220 is symmetrically distributed about the center line, and the feeding current flowing at the edge of the first slit unit 221 is also symmetrically disposed about a perpendicular line of the center line, thereby further improving the symmetry of radiation and further improving the symmetry of the pattern.
In some embodiments, the interface between the feeding structure and the radiating structure 220 forms a feeding end, and the feeding end is located at the midpoint of the center line, so as to reduce the loss of the antenna unit 200, avoid interference to the antenna, and fully and effectively utilize the limited space.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the second slit unit 222 includes a third slit 330, the third slit 330 extending to the first end; the third slot unit 223 includes a fifth slot 340, and the fifth slot 340 extends to the first end, so that the first slot 310, the second slot 320, the third slot 330, and the fifth slot 340 form four spaced open slots on the radiating structure 220, and the four spaced open slots intercept a portion of the feeding current on the radiating structure 220 in a direction perpendicular to the first end toward the second end, the feeding current flows along edges of the first slot 310, the second slot 320, the third slot 330, and the fifth slot 340, and an effective path of the feeding current increases, thereby the radiating structure 220 may generate a resonance point with an adjustable frequency lower than that of the antenna unit 200, and dual-frequency characteristics of the antenna unit 200 are realized. Alternatively, the third slit 330 and the fifth slit 340 may be disposed at edge positions of both side ends of the first end, for example, when the radiation structure 220 is rectangular, the radiation structure 220 includes a first end, a third end, a second end, and a fourth end that are sequentially adjacent, the first end and the second end are parallel to each other, the third end and the fourth end are parallel to each other, the third slit 330 and the fifth slit 340 extend to the first end, and the third slit 330 is located at an edge region of the third end, and the fifth slit 340 is located at an edge position of the fourth end.
Wherein the length and width of the first and second slits 310 and 320 will affect the position of the resonance point, and when the length of the first and second slits 310 and 320 is greater, the frequency of the resonance point generated by the first, second, third and fifth slits 310, 320, 330 and 340 is lower; as the widths of the first and second slits 310 and 320 are larger, the frequency of the resonance points generated by the first, second, third and fifth slits 310, 320, 330 and 340 is lower.
In some embodiments, the first slit 310, the second slit 320, the third slit 330, and the fifth slit 340 are disposed in parallel; wherein, the extension length of the first slit 310 and the extension length of the second slit 320 are both smaller than the extension length of the third slit 330, and the extension length of the first slit 310 and the extension length of the second slit 320 are both smaller than the extension length of the fifth slit 340 (fig. 2 illustrates this embodiment). The first slit 310, the second slit 320, the third slit 330 and the fifth slit 340 may have a rectangular shape or a curved strip shape, for example, the first slit 310, the second slit 320, the third slit 330 and the fifth slit 340 may have an S-shape parallel to each other. The width of the third slot 330 and the fifth slot 340 is not limited, alternatively, the width of the third slot 330 and the width of the fifth slot 340 are equal, the width of the first slot 310 and the width of the second slot 320 are equal, and the width of the third slot 330 is larger than the width of the first slot 310.
By setting the extension length of the first slot 310 and the extension length of the second slot 320 to be smaller than the extension length of the third slot 330, the extension length of the first slot 310 and the extension length of the second slot 320 are smaller than the extension length of the fifth slot 340, so that the effective path of the feeding current in the middle area is smaller than the effective path of the feeding current in the two side areas, which is beneficial to obtaining a reduced adjustable frequency ratio and widening the frequency band of the antenna unit 200. Further alternatively, the fifth slit 340 of the third slit 330 has an equal extension length, the first slit 310 and the second slit 320 have an equal extension length, and the extension length of the first slit 310 plus the extension length of the third slit 330 is equal to the distance between the first end and the second end of the radiation structure 220. It should be noted that, in other embodiments, the extension length of the first slot 310 and the extension length of the second slot 320 may be further adjusted according to the actual requirement of the frequency point position.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 3 (in fig. 3, the number of the fourth slits 350 and the sixth slits 360 is three, respectively, as an example), the second slit unit 222 includes a third slit 330 and a plurality of fourth slits 350 spaced apart and disposed in parallel, the third slit 330 extends to the first end, and the fourth slit 350 communicates with the third slit 330; the third slit unit 223 includes a fifth slit 340 and a plurality of sixth slits 360 spaced apart and disposed in parallel, the fifth slit 340 extending to the first end, the sixth slit 360 communicating with the fifth slit 340.
The first slot 310, the third slot 330 and the fifth slot 340 are located on the same side area of the radiation structure 220 and respectively extend to the first end, the second slot 320 is located on the other side area of the radiation structure 220 and extends to the second end, the first slot 310, the second slot 320, the third slot 330 and the fifth slot 340 form four open slots which are spaced on the radiation structure 220 and located on the two areas, so that the feeding current in the direction from the first end to the second end is cut off, and the feeding current flows along the edges of the first slot 310, the second slot 320, the third slot 330 and the fifth slot 340, so that the radiation structure 220 can generate at least two frequency points with smaller adjustable frequencies, and the dual-frequency characteristic of the antenna unit 200 is realized; in addition, since the fourth slots 350 disposed in parallel at intervals are communicated with the third slot 330 and the sixth slots 360 disposed in parallel at intervals are communicated with the fifth slot 340, on the basis that a part of the feeding current along the direction perpendicular to the first end to the second end is cut off, a part of the feeding current along the direction parallel to the first end to the second end is also cut off, and the feeding current also flows along the edges of the fourth slot 350 and the sixth slot 360, the path of the feeding current is further increased, so that the radiation structure 220 is facilitated to reproduce at least one resonance point, and the resonance frequency of the generated resonance point is located between the resonance frequencies of the resonance points generated by the first slot 310, the second slot 320, the third slot 330 and the fifth slot 340, so that the antenna unit 200 resonates at least three different frequency points, and the range of the adjustable frequency ratio can be further reduced, and the volume of the antenna unit 200 can be further reduced.
Among the plurality of fourth slits 350, the intervals between two adjacent fourth slits 350 may be the same or different; the intervals between adjacent two sixth slits 360 may be the same or different among the plurality of sixth slits 360. In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 3, taking an example that the second slot unit 222 includes three fourth slots 350 and the third slot unit 223 includes three sixth slots 360, the distance between two fourth slots 350 near the first end is greater than the distance between two fourth slots 350 away from the first end, and the distance between two sixth slots 360 near the first end is greater than the distance between two sixth slots 360 away from the first end, so that the fourth slots 350 and the fifth slots 340 are respectively located near the middle region of the radiating structure 220 and near the edge region of the first end, so that the feeding current is respectively concentrated near the middle region of the radiating structure 220 and near the edge region of the first end, which is beneficial to reduce the resonance frequency ratio.
Wherein, the fourth slits 350 may be located at the same side of the third slit 330 at the same time, for example, at the side of the third slit 330 close to the fifth slit 340 or at the side of the third slit 330 facing away from the fifth slit 340, so that the fourth slits 350 and the third slit 330 in communication form an "F" -like shape (as shown in fig. 3); the fourth slots 350 may be located on two sides of the third slot 330, respectively, so that the fourth slots 350 and the third slot 330 in communication form an "h-like" shape (as shown in fig. 4 and 5, fig. 4 and 5 only show part of the structure of the antenna unit 200); further, the plurality of fourth slits 350 positioned at different sides of the third slit 330 may be symmetrically disposed about the central axis of the third slit 330 or slidably and symmetrically disposed about the central axis.
Wherein, the sixth slits 360 may be located at the same side of the fifth slit 340 at the same time, for example, at the side of the fifth slit 340 close to the third slit 330 or at the side of the fifth slit 340 facing away from the third slit 330, so that the sixth slits 360 and the fifth slit 340 in communication form an "F" like shape; the sixth slits 360 may be located at two sides of the fifth slit 340, respectively, so that the sixth slits 360 and the fifth slit 340 form a shape similar to an "Feng" shape; further, the plurality of sixth slits 360 located at different sides of the fifth slit 340 may be symmetrically disposed about the central axis of the fifth slit 340 or slidably symmetrically disposed about the central axis.
In some embodiments, the fourth slit 350 is located on a side of the third slit 330 adjacent to the fifth slit 340, and the sixth slit 360 is located on a side of the fifth slit 340 adjacent to the third slit 330 (as shown in fig. 3), so that the plurality of fourth slits 350 and the plurality of sixth slits 360 are concentrated in a central region of the radiation structure 220, which is advantageous for obtaining a resonance point of a lower frequency, thereby being advantageous for further reducing the tunable frequency ratio.
In some embodiments, the third slit 330 and the fifth slit 340 extend in a direction from the first end to the second end, respectively, and the fourth slit 350 and the sixth slit 360 extend in a direction perpendicular to the direction from the first end to the second end; wherein, the extension length of the fourth slit 350 is smaller than the extension length of the third slit 330, and the extension length of the sixth slit 360 is smaller than the extension length of the fifth slit 340.
Since the third slit 330 and the fifth slit 340 extend toward the first end portion toward the second end portion at the same time, and the fourth slit 350 and the sixth slit 360 extend toward the second end portion perpendicular to the first end portion at the same time, the second slit unit 222 and the third slit unit 223 extend toward two mutually perpendicular directions, respectively, and the paths of the feeding currents at the edges of the second slit unit 222 and the third slit unit 223 are effectively increased in the two perpendicular directions, respectively; further, since the extension length of the fourth slit 350 is smaller than that of the third slit 330, the extension length of the sixth slit 360 is smaller than that of the fifth slit 340, and thus, the path of the increase of the feeding current in the direction of the first end toward the second end is larger than the path of the increase in the direction perpendicular to the first end toward the second end, facilitating excitation of at least two resonance points concentrated in the main radiation direction.
The extending lengths of the fourth slits 350 are equal (fig. 3 illustrates this example), or the extending lengths of the fourth slits 350 are gradually changed from the first end to the second end; the extending lengths of the plurality of sixth slits 360 are equal (fig. 3 illustrates this as an example), or the extending lengths of the plurality of sixth slits 360 are gradually changed in the direction from the first end portion to the second end portion. It should be noted that, the number of the fourth slits 350 and the fifth slits 340 may be adjusted according to the number of the resonance points actually required, and when more resonance points are required, more fourth slits 350 and fifth slits 340 may be provided.
Wherein the length and width of the fourth slot 350 and the sixth slot 360 will affect the position of all resonance points. Assume that the antenna unit 200 generates three frequency points, namely a frequency point 1, a frequency point 2 and a frequency point 3, wherein the frequencies of the three frequency points are respectively a frequency point 1 < a frequency point 2 < a frequency point 3. When the lengths of the fourth slit 350 and the sixth slit 360 are larger, the frequencies of the three frequency points are lower; when the widths of the fourth and sixth slits 350 and 360 are larger, the frequencies of the frequency points 1 and 2 are lower and the frequency of the frequency point 3 is higher.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the antenna unit 200 further includes a ground layer 230, where the ground layer 230 is located on the second side of the dielectric substrate 210; the feeding structure 240 is located at a side of the ground layer 230 facing away from the dielectric substrate 210, and penetrates through the ground layer 230, and the dielectric substrate 210 is connected with the radiating structure 220.
The ground layer 230 is located on the second side of the dielectric substrate 210, an opening is formed in the ground layer 230, a radio frequency chip may be disposed on a side of the ground layer 230 facing away from the dielectric substrate 210, the opening corresponds to a radio frequency port of the radio frequency chip 250, and the feeding structure 240 passes through the opening and is connected with the radio frequency port.
The material of the ground layer 230 may be a conductive material, such as a metal material, an alloy material, a conductive silica gel material, a graphite material, indium tin oxide, or the like, or a material with a high dielectric constant, such as glass, plastic, ceramic, or the like with a high dielectric constant.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the feeding structure 240 is located on the second side of the dielectric substrate and penetrates the dielectric substrate 210 to connect with the radiating structure 220, so as to feed the radiating structure 220.
The interface between the feeding structure 240 and the radiating structure 220 forms a feeding end, the feeding structure 240 feeds power to the radiating structure 220 through the feeding end, and signals are fed into the radiating structure 220, and energy coupled to the radiating structure 220 excites resonance of current, so that electromagnetic wave signals are received and transmitted.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 7, the feed structure 240 includes a first conductor 241 and a second conductor 242 coaxially disposed, the second conductor 242 being wrapped around the first conductor 241 and insulated from the first conductor 241. The first conductor 241 penetrates through the dielectric substrate 210 and extends to a position where the radiating structure 220 is connected to the feeding end, and the second conductor 242 is connected to the ground layer 230 below the ground layer 230. Optionally, the first conductor 241 is a feeding probe, an upper end of the feeding probe penetrates through the dielectric substrate 210 and is connected to the radiation structure 220 at the feeding end, and a lower end of the feeding probe may be connected to a radio frequency port of the radio frequency chip.
As an embodiment of the antenna unit 200 (see fig. 8 and 9, where fig. 9 only shows the dielectric substrate 210 and the feeding end K):
the radiation structure 220 is a rectangular metal patch with a length l2=10mm and a width w2=8mm and is positioned in a central area of the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 210, the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 210 is completely covered with metal to form a grounding layer 230, the radiation structure 220 is provided with a first gap 310, a second gap 320, a third gap 330, three fourth gaps 350, a fifth gap 340 and three sixth gaps 360, the first gap 310 and the second gap 320 are positioned on a vertical central line of the radiation structure 220 and are symmetrical about a horizontal central line, the third gap 330 and the fifth gap 340 are symmetrical about the vertical central line, and the fourth gap 350 and the sixth gap 360 are symmetrical about the vertical central line.
Wherein, the lengths of the first slit 310 and the second slit 320 are l3=4mm, and the widths thereof are w3=0.5 mm; the third slit 330 is spaced apart from the left boundary w0=3 mm, has a length l4=6 mm, and has a width w4=0.7 mm of the rectangular metal patch; the three fourth slits 350 and the three sixth slits 360 have the same dimensions, and each have a length l5=1.25 mm, and w5=width w5=0.7 mm; the distance between the two fourth slits 350 facing away from the first end is j1=0.6 mm, and the distance between the two fourth slits 350 near the first end is j1=4.1 mm; the center point of the feeding terminal K is spaced apart from the right end portion j3=8 mm of the dielectric substrate 210, and spaced apart from the lower end portion j4=10 mm of the dielectric substrate 210.
As shown in FIG. 10, the frequency band of the antenna unit 200 of the present example is 5.5 GHz-8 GHz, and the bandwidth can reach 2.5GHz, with-10 dB as the standard. The antenna of the present example is capable of resonating at least three different frequency points (5.5 GHz, 6.5GHz, and 8.0 GHz), where 5.5GHz and 8.0GHz are primarily generated by the third slot 330 and the fifth slot 340 and are affected by the first slot 310 and the second slot 320, the fourth slot 350, and the sixth slot 360, and 6.5GHz are primarily generated by the fourth slot 350 and the sixth slot 360 and are affected by the first slot 310, the second slot 320, the third slot 330, and the fifth slot 340. The remote radiation gain of the antenna unit is relatively high, wherein the gains at the two resonance frequency points of 6.5GHz and 8.0GHz are 3.648dBi and 3.832dBi respectively. As shown in fig. 11 and 12, the far-field radiation pattern of the antenna unit of the present example is unidirectional radiation and has a large directional angle, which has been different from the microstrip slot antenna, which is radiated in two directions, and thus the antenna unit of the present example has a higher gain than the conventional microstrip slot antenna. The antenna unit of this example can make resonant frequency point increase, volume reduction in limited size, and adjustable frequency ratio scope is big simultaneously, can reach less adjustable frequency ratio's characteristic, and its performance is low to ground sensitivity moreover, easily integrates on various circuit boards, and need not to carry out too much size adjustment.
The antenna unit 200 provided in this embodiment includes a dielectric substrate 210, a radiating structure 220, and a feeding structure 240270. The radiation structure 220 is provided with a first gap unit 221, a second gap unit 222 and a third gap unit 223 which are spaced apart, the first gap unit 221 comprises a first gap 310 and a second gap 320 which are arranged at intervals, the first gap 310 extends to a first end part, the second gap 320 extends to a second end part, the first end part and the second end part are two end parts parallel to the radiation structure, and the second gap unit 222 and the third gap unit 223 are respectively arranged at two sides of the first gap 310 and extend to the first end part. The first slot unit 221, the second slot unit 222 and the third slot unit 223 form an open slot, which can play a role of coupling to affect the transmission condition of electromagnetic waves, and meanwhile, the effective path of the feed current on the radiation structure 220 is increased due to the first slot unit 221, the second slot unit 222 and the third slot unit 223, so that at least two resonant frequencies with lower adjustable frequencies can be generated, thereby improving the radiation characteristic of the antenna unit 200; in addition, due to the arrangement of the slots, the volume of the antenna unit 200 can be effectively reduced, and the antenna unit 200 has the characteristic of low sensitivity to the ground, so that the antenna unit is more easily applied to mobile communication equipment.
As shown in fig. 13, an electronic device includes a housing and an antenna unit 200 in any of the above embodiments, wherein the antenna unit 200 is accommodated in the housing.
In an embodiment, the electronic device includes a plurality of antenna units 200, and the plurality of antenna units 200 are distributed on different sides of the housing. For example, the housing includes a first side 121 and a third side 123 disposed opposite to each other, and a second side 122 and a fourth side 124 disposed opposite to each other, where the second side 122 connects one ends of the first side 121 and the third side 123, and the fourth side 124 connects the other ends of the first side 121 and the third side 123. At least two of the first side 121, the second side 122, the third side 123, and the fourth side 124 are provided with antenna elements 200, respectively. When the number of the antenna units 200 is 2, the 2 antenna units 200 are respectively located on the second side 122 and the fourth side 124, so that the antenna units 200 can be reduced in overall size in the dimension of the non-scanning direction, and can be placed on two sides of the electronic device.
The electronic device with the antenna unit 200 of any of the embodiments has a lower adjustable frequency ratio and a higher gain, and simultaneously effectively reduces the antenna section, realizes the thinning of the antenna module, and reduces the occupied space of the antenna module in the electronic device.
The electronic device may be a communication module including a cell phone, tablet, notebook, palm top, mobile internet device (Mobile Internet Device, MID), wearable device (e.g., smart watch, smart bracelet, pedometer, etc.), or other settable antenna.
Any reference to memory, storage, database, or other medium used in the present application may include non-volatile and/or volatile memory. Suitable nonvolatile memory can include Read Only Memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically Programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RM), which acts as external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RMs are available in a variety of forms, such as Static RMs (SRMs), dynamic RMs (DRMs), synchronous DRMs (SDRMs), double data rates SDRM (DDR SDRM), enhanced SDRMs (ESDRMs), synchronous link (synchronous) DRMs (SLDRMs), memory bus (Rmbus) direct RMs (RDRMs), direct memory bus dynamic RMs (DRDRMs), and memory bus dynamic RMs (RDRMs).
The technical features of the above embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The foregoing examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the application and are described in detail herein without thereby limiting the scope of the application. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the application, which are all within the scope of the application. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present application is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (13)
1. An antenna unit, comprising:
a dielectric substrate having a first side and a second side disposed opposite each other;
the radiation structure is positioned on the first side of the dielectric substrate and provided with a first gap unit, a second gap unit and a third gap unit which are spaced apart from each other, the first gap unit comprises a first gap and a second gap which are arranged at intervals, the first gap extends to a first end part, the second gap extends to a second end part, the first end part and the second end part are two end parts parallel to the radiation structure, and the second gap unit and the third gap unit are respectively arranged on two sides of the first gap and extend to the first end part;
the feed structure is positioned on the second side of the dielectric substrate and penetrates through the dielectric substrate to be connected with the radiation structure, and is used for feeding the radiation structure;
the second gap unit comprises a third gap and a plurality of fourth gaps which are arranged at intervals in parallel, the third gap extends to the first end part, and the fourth gap is communicated with the third gap;
the third gap unit comprises a fifth gap and a plurality of sixth gaps which are arranged at intervals in parallel, the fifth gap extends to the first end part, and the sixth gap is communicated with the fifth gap.
2. The antenna unit of claim 1, wherein the first slot, the second slot, the third slot, and the fifth slot are disposed in parallel;
the extending length of the first gap and the extending length of the second gap are smaller than the extending length of the third gap, and the extending length of the first gap and the extending length of the second gap are smaller than the extending length of the fifth gap.
3. The antenna unit of claim 1, wherein the fourth slot is located on a side of the third slot that is adjacent to the fifth slot, and the sixth slot is located on a side of the fifth slot that is adjacent to the third slot.
4. The antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein the third slot and the fifth slot extend in a direction from the first end to the second end, respectively, and the fourth slot and the sixth slot extend in a direction perpendicular to the direction from the first end to the second end;
the extending length of the fourth gap is smaller than that of the third gap, and the extending length of the sixth gap is smaller than that of the fifth gap.
5. The antenna unit of claim 4, wherein the extending lengths of the plurality of fourth slots are equal or the extending lengths of the plurality of fourth slots are gradual in a direction from the first end to the second end.
6. The antenna unit of claim 4, wherein the extending lengths of the plurality of sixth slots are equal or the extending lengths of the plurality of sixth slots are gradual in a direction from the first end to the second end.
7. The antenna element of any one of claims 1-6, wherein said first slot and said second slot are located on a centerline of said radiating structure, said centerline being parallel to a direction from said first end to said second end;
wherein the second slit unit and the third slit unit are symmetrically disposed with respect to the center line.
8. The antenna element of claim 7, wherein the first slot and the second slot are symmetrically disposed about a midpoint of the center line.
9. The antenna element of claim 7, wherein an interface of said feed structure and said radiating structure forms a feed end, said feed end being located at a midpoint of said center line.
10. The antenna unit according to any one of claims 1-6, further comprising:
a ground layer located on the second side of the dielectric substrate;
the feed structure is located on one side, away from the dielectric substrate, of the ground layer, penetrates through the ground layer and is connected with the radiation structure.
11. The antenna unit of any one of claims 1-6, wherein the radiating structure has an area smaller than an area of the dielectric substrate, the radiating structure being located in a central region of the dielectric substrate.
12. An electronic device, comprising:
a housing; and
The antenna unit according to any one of claims 1-11, wherein the antenna unit is housed within the housing.
13. The electronic device of claim 12, wherein the number of antenna elements is a plurality;
the shell comprises a first side edge, a third side edge, a second side edge and a fourth side edge, wherein the first side edge and the third side edge are arranged oppositely, the second side edge is connected with one end of the first side edge and one end of the third side edge, and the fourth side edge is connected with the other end of the first side edge and the other end of the third side edge;
at least two of the first side, the second side, the third side and the fourth side are respectively provided with the antenna unit.
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| CN112736471A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-04-30 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Antenna and electronic equipment |
| CN112821064A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-18 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Antenna assembly and electronic equipment |
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| FR2811479B1 (en) * | 2000-07-10 | 2005-01-21 | Cit Alcatel | CONDUCTIVE LAYER ANTENNA AND BI-BAND TRANSMISSION DEVICE INCLUDING THE ANTENNA |
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| CN101038983A (en) * | 2006-03-13 | 2007-09-19 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | Variable frequency coupling feeder apparatus for wide-band microstrip aerial |
| CN102956966A (en) * | 2011-08-12 | 2013-03-06 | 卡西欧计算机株式会社 | Patch antenna device and radio wave receiver |
| CN104795637A (en) * | 2015-04-10 | 2015-07-22 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | Rectangular-slot-loaded thin monolayer medium broadband microstrip patch antenna |
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